CN102631366B - Application of spirulina polysaccharides in preparation of drugs for preventing and treating male reproductive toxicity caused by organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) - Google Patents
Application of spirulina polysaccharides in preparation of drugs for preventing and treating male reproductive toxicity caused by organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of spirulina polysaccharides to preparation of drugs for preventing and treating male reproductive toxicity diseases caused by organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and further relates to application to preparation of drugs for inhibiting sperm motility reduction, sperm abnormal rate rise, testis tissue SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity rise, testis tissue MDA (malondialdehyde) content increase and testis tissue LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) activity decline caused by OPs. With high-toxicity OP monocrotophos and low-toxicity OP phoxim as the representatives, researches on the prevention and treatment effects of spirulina polysaccharides on male reproductive toxicity caused by exposure of OPs with low concentration are carried out and prove that spirulina polysaccharides can inhibit male reproductive toxicity caused by OPs and have better dose dependence, thus providing application of spirulina polysaccharides to preparation of drugs for male reproductive toxicity caused by OPs as active substances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to relate to the application of spirulina polysaccharide, be specifically related to spirulina polysaccharide in the preparation prevention and treat because of the application in the medicine of caused by organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky viral disease.
Background technology
Organophosphorus pesticide (OPs) is that a class is efficient, the pesticide of low-residual, the wide spectrum pesticide that has become that China Today uses.Distinctions won on the battlefield have been made in using as the volume increase of agriculture, woods, fishery good harvest of organophosphorus pesticide, but along with being widely used of organophosphorus pesticide, its residual phenomena in the foods such as vegetable and fruit is also comparatively general.Although it is poisoning that most people has been noted preventing in organophosphorus pesticide acute, the impact on human health of long-term, the low dosage of organophosphorus pesticide, Chronic exposure especially on the impact of male genetic power, does not also cause people's enough attention.
Organophosphorus pesticide has genotoxicity, and is more remarkable on the impact of male reproductive system.epidemiological study is both at home and abroad found, suffer the area of organophosphorus pesticide pollution or the workman of insecticide factory for a long time, the quality and quantity of mankind spermatozoon all is affected, cause sperm quantity to reduce, sperm survival rate and mobility descend, rate of teratosperm increases, finally cause male sterility number showed increased (Recio-Vega R, Ocampo-G ó mez G, Borja-Aburto VH, et al.Organophosphorus pesticide exposure decreases sperm quality:association between sperm parameters and urinary pesticide levels.J Appl Toxicol, 2008Jul, 28 (5): 674-680.).we and multidigit scholar's research are both at home and abroad found, organophosphorus pesticide has damaging action to the arrenotoky reproductive system, organophosphorus pesticide can directly act on testis, epididymis, prostate, the tissues such as seminal vesicle, destroy its structure, decline (the Koureas M that finally causes male genetic power, Tsakalof A, Tsatsakis A, et al.Systematic review of biomonitoring studies to determine the association between exposure to organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides and human health outcomes.Toxicol Lett, 2011Oct 15.).Therefore inquire into the arrenotoky toxic effect mechanism of organophosphorus pesticide, seek and effectively intervene medicine, most important for protection China people's healthy and prenatal and postnatal care.
Spirulina polysaccharide (Spriulina polysacchrides) is to adopt the modern biochemistry technology, extracts from spirulina, contains pure natural biological product multiple and that biological activity is higher.Spirulina polysaccharide has significant inhibitory action to ascites hepatoma cells in body; Spirulina polysaccharide has obvious protection effect to the damage of ionizing radiation, can also significantly alleviate the radiation genetic damage of bone marrow cells in mice; Spirulina polysaccharide reduces lipid peroxidation by suppressing free-radical oxidation reaction in body, reduces the formation of organizing lipofuscin, can reach the effect that slows down body aging; Spirulina polysaccharide also has the proliferation of bone marrow cells of enhancing vigor, promotes DNA to repair anabolic effect good radiation-resisting functional is arranged and reduce radiotherapy, chemotherapy side effect; Spirulina polysaccharide can improve the nonspecific cellular immune function of body, and can promote body to turn different in nature humoral immune function, improves the ability of low imperial pathogenic bacteria, poisoning intrusion; Spirulina polysaccharide also can be used as the auxiliary treatment of hepatitis, diabetes, gastric ulcer.Spirulina polysaccharide is without any side effects, can long-term taking.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new purposes of spirulina polysaccharide, namely prevent and treat because of the application in the medicine of caused by organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky viral disease in preparation.Further say in the preparation inhibition because of the application in the medicine that the caused by organophosphorus pesticide sperm motility rate reduces, rate of teratosperm raises, testis tissue SOD activity raises, testis tissue MDA content increases, testis tissue LDH activity descends.
Wherein said disease is the arrenotoky viral disease because of caused by organophosphorus pesticide, mainly comprises: sperm quantity reduces, spermatozoa motility descends, the degeneration sperm quantity increases, seminal fluid minimizing, rate of teratosperm rising, genitals distortion, testis disease, prostatosis, seminal vesicle disease, male sterility etc.
Organophosphorus pesticide of the present invention is the organophosphorus pesticides commonly used such as Azodrin, phoxim, paraoxon, triazophos.Medicine refers to take spirulina polysaccharide as main active under the present invention, and acceptable preparation in the medical treatment made from pharmaceutically suitable carrier is as tablet, pill or capsule etc.
The present invention finds by animal experiment study: take the effect that spirulina polysaccharide can reach control low concentration caused by organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky toxicity, the treatment effective dose of spirulina polysaccharide should be determined according to age of therapist, health, contact organophosphorus pesticide amount etc.
Spirulina polysaccharide of the present invention is the main active of spirulina, it has immunoregulatory activity, can play the effects such as antitumor, antioxidation, antiviral, antibacterium, ionizing radiation-resistant, reduction radiotherapy, chemotherapy side effect, and find not yet that at present it has any toxic and side effects.Spirulina polysaccharide can obtain by commercially available, also can extract acquisition by several different methods, and extracting method is ripe.
The inventor is take the malicious organophosphorus pesticide Azodrin of height and low toxicity organophosphorus pesticide phoxim as representative, studied the arrenotoky toxic action of low concentration organophosphorus pesticide, the arrenotoky toxic action of finding organophosphorus pesticide is mainly to cause that male mice testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient descend; Sperm quantity reduces, sperm motility rate reduces, rate of teratosperm increases; Induce the active rising of testis tissue SOD, LDH activity decreased, MDA content to reduce and cause, the testis tissue oxidative damage, thus cause as sperm quantity reduce, spermatozoa motility descends, a series of diseases such as the degeneration sperm quantity increases, seminal fluid minimizing, genitals distortion, testis disease, prostatosis, seminal vesicle disease, male infertility.
The genotoxicity effect of organophosphorus pesticide to male mice that the present invention has passed through animal experimental observation, and spirulina polysaccharide is to the inhibitory action of organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky toxicity.Find after deliberation, male mice testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient that spirulina polysaccharide can suppress (as Azodrin and phoxim) caused by organophosphorus pesticide descend; Sperm quantity reduces, sperm motility rate reduces, rate of teratosperm increases; The active rising of testis tissue SOD, LDH activity decreased, MDA content reduce and cause, the testis tissue oxidative damage; Spirulina polysaccharide can suppress the arrenotoky toxicity of organophosphorus pesticide, and dose dependent is preferably arranged.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1. the invention provides organophosphorus pesticide to the positive evidence of arrenotoky toxic action, and seek effective intervention medicine with this.2. the invention provides the new medical use of spirulina polysaccharide, it has good inhibition and protective effect to the arrenotoky toxicity that organophosphorus pesticide causes.Male mice testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient that spirulina polysaccharide can suppress due to organophosphorus pesticide (as Azodrin and phoxim) descend; Sperm quantity reduces, sperm motility rate reduces, rate of teratosperm increases; The active rising of testis tissue SOD, LDH activity decreased, MDA content reduce and cause, the testis tissue oxidative damage; Spirulina polysaccharide can suppress the arrenotoky toxicity of organophosphorus pesticide, and dose dependent is preferably arranged.3, the present invention has profound significance to the people of Long Term Contact organophosphorus pesticide especially workman and the peasant of insecticide factory, can play protection male and filial generation thereof healthy, improve the quality of living, reduce the effects such as sterility and infertility, prenatal and postnatal care, life-saving.
The specific embodiment
Below further set forth new medical use and the beneficial effect thereof of spirulina polysaccharide in the present invention by test example, but be not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Test example 1: the experimental study of arrenotoky toxicity due to spirulina polysaccharide inhibition Azodrin
1 materials and methods
1.1 material
Azodrin (40% water soluble preparation, Qingdao insecticide factory), spirulina polysaccharide (life institute of Chinese Marine University provides), superoxide dismutase (SOD) test kit, lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) test kit and malonaldehyde (MDA) test kit all build up biotech firm available from Nanjing.
1.2 laboratory animal and grouping
Select 90 of healthy SPF level male mouse of kunming, body weight is between (25 ± 2) g, available from Xinxiang College of Medical Science's zoopery center.Adaptability is raised 7d, room temperature (25 ± 2) ℃, humidity 50%-55%.
Mice is divided into 6 groups at random, 15 every group.Be respectively dosage protection group (E) in Normal group (A), spirulina polysaccharide matched group (B), Azodrin matched group (C), spirulina polysaccharide low dosage protection group (D), spirulina polysaccharide.Wherein not administration of matched group (A); give distilled water; the spirulina polysaccharide matched group (B) give spirulina polysaccharide 200mg/kg; the Azodrin matched group (C) give 0.20mg/kg; spirulina polysaccharide low dosage protection group (D) gives spirulina polysaccharide 100mg/kg+ Azodrin 0.20mg/kg; in spirulina polysaccharide, dosage protection group (E) gives spirulina polysaccharide 200mg/kg+ Azodrin 0.20mg/kg, and spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) gives spirulina polysaccharide 400mg/kg+ Azodrin 0.20mg/kg.And sufficient drinking-water and the supply of forage of assurance.Adopt the gavage mode to contaminate at continuous 60d, poisoning dosage is 10ml/kg, every day 1 time.
1.3 statistical method
Adopt SPSS 10.0 softwares to carry out statistical analysis.The measurement data experimental data all represents with x ± s, relatively adopts homogeneity test of variance and one factor analysis of variance (One Way ANOVA) between many groups.When comparing in twos between further organizing, if when variance is neat, adopt the SNK check; If during heterogeneity of variance, adopt the Games-Howell check.The enumeration data experimental data all represents with rate, relatively adopts in twos χ between group
2Check.Take P＜0.05 as difference, statistical significance is arranged.
2 methods and result
Contaminate after 60 days, weigh in, put to death mice, take out immediately bilateral testes and epididymis, peel off the weight of fatty tissue and the accurate weighing testis of connective tissue and epididymis on every side, calculate the organ coefficient of testis and epididymis; The bilateral epididymis is placed in the culture dish that fills normal saline shreds, the preparation sperm suspension.adopt the sperm count in the above-mentioned sperm suspension of blood cell counting counting, and be scaled every gram epididymal sperm number, the sperm suspension of getting mixing is one after another drop of on microscope slide, adds coverslip and observe motility of sperm under light microscopic, presses the method that WHO recommends, and by the swimming state of sperm, the sperm motility degree is divided into level Four: the I level: rectilinear motion is obviously active, and is movable good, the II level: rectilinear motion, activity are slightly poor, the III level: the ability that sperm moves forward, move in the original place or rotate, the IV level: sperm is without any activity, and every checks 400 sperms at least, calculates sperm motility rate (sperm motility rate=I+II+III level sperm count/I+II+III+IV level sperm count * 100%), the part sperm suspension is made smear, after air drying, with the fixing 5min of methanol, dry rear with 2% Yihong aqueous solution dyeing 1h, water gently rushes, dry, under light microscopic, every mice checks and checks at least 400 sperms, record lopsided type and the quantity of sperm, all sperm profiles are unclear, having a beginning but no end, head and other sperm or fragment overlapping, or two above sperms are overlapping, or obviously belong to the people and all do not calculate for the person of shredding, the deformity type mainly is divided into: Wugou, banana-shaped, amorphous, fat head, tail is folding, double end, two tails etc., abnormal rate represents (%) with percentage rate, get testis tissue and add appropriate ice normal saline, grind with glass homogenizer under condition of ice bath and make testis tissue homogenate, then under low temperature (4 ℃) condition with 2000rpm, centrifugal 10min, standing a moment, get supernatant, reference reagent box description detects SOD, LDH activity and MDA content in transplanting even slurry liquid.
The protective effect (n=15) of table 1 spirulina polysaccharide to Azodrin induced mice testis and the decline of epididymis organ coefficient
Annotate: compare with the A group: * P＜0.05, compare with the C group: △ P＜0.05.
Table 1 demonstration, (A) compares with Normal group, and Azodrin matched group (C) testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient all descend, and difference has statistical significance (P＜0.05).The spirulina polysaccharide protection group can suppress mouse testis organ coefficient and the decline of epididymis organ coefficient that the Azodrin contamination causes; the most remarkable with spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) effect; spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient; compare with Azodrin matched group (C) that there were significant differences (P＜0.05); (A) compares with Normal group, there is no significant difference (P＞0.05).
The protective effect (n=15) that table 2 spirulina polysaccharide raises to Azodrin induced mice sperm quantity, sperm motility rate decline and abnormal rate
Annotate: compare with the A group: * P＜0.05, compare with the C group: △ P＜0.05.
As seen from Table 2, (A) compares with Normal group, and Azodrin phosphorus matched group (C) mouse sperm quantity and sperm motility rate descend, and rate of teratosperm raises, and difference has statistical significance (P＜0.05).The spirulina polysaccharide protection group can suppress mouse sperm quantity and sperm motility rate decline and the rate of teratosperm rising that the Azodrin contamination causes; the most remarkable with spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) effect; spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) mouse sperm quantity, sperm motility rate and rate of teratosperm; compare with Azodrin matched group (C) that there were significant differences (P＜0.05); (A) compares with Normal group, there is no significant difference (P＞0.05).
The protective effect (n=15) of table 3 spirulina polysaccharide to Azodrin induced mice testis tissue oxidative damage
Annotate: compare with the A group: * P＜0.05, compare with the C group: △ P＜0.05.
As seen from Table 3, (A) compares with Normal group, and the active rising of Azodrin phosphorus matched group (C) mouse testis tissue SOD and MDA content increase, and LDH is active to descend, and difference has statistical significance (P＜0.05).The spirulina polysaccharide protection group can suppress that Azodrin contamination causes mouse testis tissue SOD is active to raise, MDA content increases and LDH is active descends; the most remarkable with spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) effect; spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) mouse testis tissue SOD is active, LDH is active and MDA content; compare with Azodrin matched group (C) that there were significant differences (P＜0.05); (A) compares with Normal group, there is no significant difference (P＞0.05).
Test example 2: the experimental study of arrenotoky toxicity due to spirulina polysaccharide inhibition phoxim
1 materials and methods
1.1 material
Phoxim (40% cream, Shandong Dongtai Agrochemical Co., Ltd), spirulina polysaccharide (life institute of Chinese Marine University is so kind as to give), superoxide dismutase (SOD) test kit, lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) test kit and malonaldehyde (MDA) test kit all build up biotech firm available from Nanjing.
1.2 laboratory animal and grouping
Select 90 of healthy SPF level male mouse of kunming, body weight is between (25 ± 2) g, available from Xinxiang College of Medical Science's zoopery center.Adaptability is raised 7d, room temperature (25 ± 2) ℃, humidity 50%-55%.
Mice is divided into 6 groups at random, 15 every group.Be respectively dosage protection group (E) in Normal group (A), spirulina polysaccharide matched group (B), phoxim matched group (C), spirulina polysaccharide low dosage protection group (D), spirulina polysaccharide.Wherein not administration of matched group (A); give distilled water; the spirulina polysaccharide matched group (B) give spirulina polysaccharide 200mg/kg; the phoxim matched group (C) give 20mg/kg; spirulina polysaccharide low dosage protection group (D) gives spirulina polysaccharide 100mg/kg+ phoxim 0.20mg/kg; in spirulina polysaccharide, dosage protection group (E) gives spirulina polysaccharide 200mg/kg+ phoxim 20mg/kg, and spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) gives spirulina polysaccharide 400mg/kg+ phoxim 20mg/kg.And sufficient drinking-water and the supply of forage of assurance.Adopt the gavage mode to contaminate at continuous 60d, poisoning dosage is 10ml/kg, every day 1 time.
1.3 statistical method
Adopt SPSS 10.0 softwares to carry out statistical analysis.The measurement data experimental data all represents with x ± s, relatively adopts homogeneity test of variance and one factor analysis of variance (One Way ANOVA) between many groups.When comparing in twos between further organizing, if when variance is neat, adopt the SNK check; If during heterogeneity of variance, adopt the Games-Howell check.The enumeration data experimental data all represents with rate, relatively adopts in twos χ between group
2Check.Take P＜0.05 as difference, statistical significance is arranged.
2 methods and result
Contaminate after 60 days, weigh in, put to death mice, take out immediately bilateral testes and epididymis, peel off the weight of fatty tissue and the accurate weighing testis of connective tissue and epididymis on every side, calculate the organ coefficient of testis and epididymis; The bilateral epididymis is placed in the culture dish that fills normal saline shreds, the preparation sperm suspension.adopt the sperm count in the above-mentioned sperm suspension of blood cell counting counting, and be scaled every gram epididymal sperm number, the sperm suspension of getting mixing is one after another drop of on microscope slide, adds coverslip and observe motility of sperm under light microscopic, presses the method that WHO recommends, and by the swimming state of sperm, the sperm motility degree is divided into level Four: the I level: rectilinear motion is obviously active, and is movable good, the II level: rectilinear motion, activity are slightly poor, the III level: the ability that sperm moves forward, move in the original place or rotate, the IV level: sperm is without any activity, and every checks 400 sperms at least, calculates sperm motility rate (sperm motility rate=I+II+III level sperm count/I+II+III+IV level sperm count * 100%), the part sperm suspension is made smear, after air drying, with the fixing 5min of methanol, dry rear with 2% Yihong aqueous solution dyeing 1h, water gently rushes, dry, under light microscopic, every mice checks and checks at least 400 sperms, record lopsided type and the quantity of sperm, all sperm profiles are unclear, having a beginning but no end, head and other sperm or fragment overlapping, or two above sperms are overlapping, or obviously belong to the people and all do not calculate for the person of shredding, the deformity type mainly is divided into: Wugou, banana-shaped, amorphous, fat head, tail is folding, double end, two tails etc., abnormal rate represents (%) with percentage rate, get testis tissue and add appropriate ice normal saline, grind with glass homogenizer under condition of ice bath and make testis tissue homogenate, then under low temperature (4 ℃) condition with 2000rpm, centrifugal 10min, standing a moment, get supernatant, reference reagent box description detects SOD, LDH activity and MDA content in transplanting even slurry liquid.
The protective effect (n=15) of table 1 spirulina polysaccharide to phoxim induced mice testis and the decline of epididymis organ coefficient
Annotate: compare with the A group: * P＜0.05, compare with the C group: △ P＜0.05.
Table 1 demonstration, (A) compares with Normal group, and phoxim matched group (C) testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient all descend, and difference has statistical significance (P＜0.05).The spirulina polysaccharide protection group can suppress mouse testis organ coefficient and the decline of epididymis organ coefficient that the phoxim contamination causes; the most remarkable with spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) effect; spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient; compare with phoxim matched group (C) that there were significant differences (P＜0.05); (A) compares with Normal group, there is no significant difference (P＞0.05).
The protective effect (n=15) that table 2 spirulina polysaccharide raises to phoxim induced mice sperm quantity, sperm motility rate decline and abnormal rate
Annotate: compare with the A group: * P＜0.05, compare with the C group: △ P＜0.05.
As seen from Table 2, (A) compares with Normal group, and phoxim phosphorus matched group (C) mouse sperm quantity and sperm motility rate descend, and rate of teratosperm raises, and difference has statistical significance (P＜0.05).The spirulina polysaccharide protection group can suppress mouse sperm quantity and sperm motility rate decline and the rate of teratosperm rising that the phoxim contamination causes; the most remarkable with spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) effect; spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) mouse sperm quantity, sperm motility rate and rate of teratosperm; compare with phoxim matched group (C) that there were significant differences (P＜0.05); (A) compares with Normal group, there is no significant difference (P＞0.05).
The protective effect (n=15) of table 3 spirulina polysaccharide to phoxim induced mice Oxidative Damage in Testis
Annotate: compare with the A group: * P＜0.05, compare with the C group: △ P＜0.05.
As seen from Table 3, (A) compares with Normal group, and the active rising of phoxim phosphorus matched group (C) mouse testis tissue SOD and MDA content increase, and LDH is active to descend, and difference has statistical significance (P＜0.05).The spirulina polysaccharide protection group can suppress that phoxim contamination causes mouse testis tissue SOD is active to raise, MDA content increases and LDH is active descends; the most remarkable with spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) effect; spirulina polysaccharide high dose protection group (F) mouse testis tissue SOD is active, LDH is active and MDA content; compare with phoxim matched group (C) that there were significant differences (P＜0.05); (A) compares with Normal group, there is no significant difference (P＞0.05).
Can find out from above each experimental example, male mice testis organ coefficient and epididymis organ coefficient that spirulina polysaccharide can suppress (as Azodrin and phoxim) caused by organophosphorus pesticide descend; Sperm quantity reduces, sperm motility rate reduces, rate of teratosperm increases; The active rising of testis tissue SOD, LDH activity decreased, MDA content reduce, caused testis tissue oxidative damage; Spirulina polysaccharide can suppress the arrenotoky toxicity of organophosphorus pesticide, and dose dependent is preferably arranged.Spirulina polysaccharide has good inhibition and protective effect to caused by organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky toxicity; can be used for preparing medicine or the health product of control caused by organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky toxicity, the medicine that also can be used for preparing prevention and treat the disease of bringing out because of caused by organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky toxicity.
Claims (7)
1. a spirulina polysaccharide is prevented and treated because of the application in the medicine of caused by organophosphorus pesticide arrenotoky viral disease in preparation, and described arrenotoky viral disease is that sperm quantity reduces, sperm motility rate reduces, rate of teratosperm raises or testis disease.
2. application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the application of spirulina polysaccharide in the medicine that preparation suppresses to reduce because of the caused by organophosphorus pesticide sperm motility rate.
3. application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the application of spirulina polysaccharide in the medicine that preparation suppresses to raise because of the caused by organophosphorus pesticide rate of teratosperm.
4. application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: spirulina polysaccharide suppresses the application in the active medicine that raises because of caused by organophosphorus pesticide testis tissue SOD in preparation.
5. application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the application of spirulina polysaccharide in the medicine that preparation suppresses to increase because of caused by organophosphorus pesticide testis tissue MDA content.
6. application according to claim 1 is characterized in that: spirulina polysaccharide suppresses the application in the active medicine that descends because of caused by organophosphorus pesticide testis tissue LDH in preparation.
7. according to claim 1-6 described application of any one, it is characterized in that: described organophosphorus pesticide is Azodrin, phoxim, paraoxon or triazophos.
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| CN108478594B (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2020-07-24 | 桂林医学院 | Application of fucoidin in preparation of medicine for preventing and treating embryotoxicity caused by organophosphorus pesticide |
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| CN1397567A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2003-02-19 | 安徽古井集团九方制药有限公司 | Spiruline polyose, its extraction process and it medical application in increasing white cells and treating cancer |
| CN101607988A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2009-12-23 | 威海格瑞安生物工程有限公司 | From spirulina, extract the technology of Phycocyanins, C-, chlorophyll and spirulina polysaccharide |
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| CN1397567A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2003-02-19 | 安徽古井集团九方制药有限公司 | Spiruline polyose, its extraction process and it medical application in increasing white cells and treating cancer |
| CN101607988A (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2009-12-23 | 威海格瑞安生物工程有限公司 | From spirulina, extract the technology of Phycocyanins, C-, chlorophyll and spirulina polysaccharide |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 中药在治疗哺乳动物生精障碍中的应用及其研究;潘晓燕等;《时珍国医国药》;20111231;第22卷(第8期);1887-1889 * |
| 刘志伟等.螺旋藻多糖研究进展.《中国食物与营养》.2007,(第11期),18-21. |
| 潘晓燕等.中药在治疗哺乳动物生精障碍中的应用及其研究.《时珍国医国药》.2011,第22卷(第8期),1887-1889. |
| 螺旋藻多糖研究进展;刘志伟等;《中国食物与营养》;20071231(第11期);18-21 * |
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