CN102618870A - Wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould and preparation process for forming protective coating on working surface of mould substrate - Google Patents
Wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould and preparation process for forming protective coating on working surface of mould substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102618870A CN102618870A CN2012101216199A CN201210121619A CN102618870A CN 102618870 A CN102618870 A CN 102618870A CN 2012101216199 A CN2012101216199 A CN 2012101216199A CN 201210121619 A CN201210121619 A CN 201210121619A CN 102618870 A CN102618870 A CN 102618870A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant and a preparation process for forming a protective coating on a working surface of a mould substrate. The wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould is provided with a substrate which is made of an iron-based material, and the working surface of the substrate is provided with a nanometer titanium aluminum nitrogen (TiAlN) coating which is prepared in a preset powder or synchronously-fed laser smelting and coating way and is combined with the working surface of the substrate in a metallurgical form. The preparation process for forming the protective coating on the working surface of the mould substrate comprises steps of: (1) pre-treating mould substrate; and (2) laser cladding. According to the wear-resistant and abrasion-resistant mould and the preparation process, the technical problems of the existing ion nitrogenization plus physical vapor deposition process for depositing a metal ceramic hard coating on a mould that a complicated surface or a large-size mould cannot be processed, the coating adhesion is required to further improve and the production equipment and production process are complicated can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wear-resisting and corrosion-resistant mould and reach the preparation technology who forms protective coating at this die matrix working-surface.
Background technology
The quality of stamping parts, production efficiency and production cost etc. have direct relation with precision quality of die design and mould accessory etc.Mould directly contacts with material (metal or nonmetal), makes material take place to separate or viscous deformation, thereby obtains required part.The material that present domestic stainless steel shaping dies generally uses is ferrous alloys such as Cr12 (or Cr12MoV), rapid steel, cast alloy iron; These materials and stainless steel mutual solubility are big; Between product and mould, adhere easily, the lighter reduces die life, produces cut, scuffing at workpiece surface; Weight person can cause mould to scrap because of the cold welding phenomenon takes place between mould and the workpiece.Through its major cause of failure analysis is that the tribological property of mould is poor, and low wear resistance and anti-tackiness make the flange fillet and the straight wall wearing and tearing of flange of mould easily.
TiN coated material hardness is high, and frictional coefficient is little, and is good and be widely used in the sealer of various component with its wear resistance and corrosion stability.Be to improve die life, sintering metal hard coat such as depositing TiN is an effective way on mould, the normal at present technology that adopts ion nitriding+physical vapor deposition (PVD).The hard coat of this prepared then can further improve coating and high base strength and abrasion property, when improving the workpiece processing quality, also can prolong die life.But this technology also exist can not the processed complex surface or large size mould, coating adhesivity remain comparatively shortcoming such as complicacy of further raising and production unit and technology thereof.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: for solving existing ion nitriding+physical gas-phase deposition metal refining ceramic hard coating on mould; Can not the processed complex surface or large size mould, coating adhesivity remain comparatively complicated technology problem of further raising and production unit and technology thereof; The present invention provides a kind of wear-resisting and corrosion-resistant mould to reach the preparation technology who forms protective coating at this die matrix working-surface; The present invention can processed complex surface or large size mould; Good characteristics such as prepared laser melting coating nanometer TiAlN coating has that hardness height, oxidizing temperature are high, thermohardening is good, strong adhesion, rubbing factor are little; Can significantly improve the work-ing life of mould, and have production unit and advantage of simple technology.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould; Has the matrix that iron is made; The matrix working-surface has protective coating, and what described protective coating prepared for the mode that adopts fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding with the matrix working-surface.Good characteristics such as nanometer TiAlN coating has that hardness height, oxidizing temperature are high, thermohardening is good, strong adhesion, rubbing factor are little are compared with the TiN coating, have higher mechanical property and thermostability, are particularly suitable for the occasion that mould etc. requires high-wearing feature.Laser melting coating is a kind of new process for modifying surface; Through adding cladding material at the matrix working-surface and utilize the laser beam of high power density to make it the method with the consolidation of matrix working-surface thin layer, forming with it at the matrix working-surface is the high-performance top coat of defectives such as metallurgical binding and pore-free, crackle.This technology can be prepared high performance top coat with lower cost with dystectic alloy material or stupalith cladding at low-melting matrix working-surface on matrix.Characteristics such as laser melting coating has that extent of dilution is little, dense structure, coating and matrix bond are good.And the rapidly solidification process of laser melting coating can also obtain micron or nanocrystalline structure coating.Laser melting coating workpiece pre-treating technology is simple, and cladding need not carry out under vacuum environment, and workpiece size is unrestricted basically.
For making coating have ideal mechanical property, thermostability and wear resisting property, and best with substrate combinating strength, as preferably, the thickness of said nanometer TiAlN coating is 0.05 ~ 1mm.
The step of preparation process that forms protective coating at aforesaid die matrix working-surface is:
1) die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface that processes is used sand papering, the die matrix working-surface of polishing is carried out oil removing clean, dry up subsequent use;
2) laser melting coating
Adopting the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, is cladding material with the TiAl powdered alloy, under the nitrogen protection, is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding at preparation of die matrix working-surface and matrix working-surface.
Further; The die matrix pre-treatment is specially in the step 1) among the aforementioned preparation technology: the die matrix working-surface that processes is polished with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively step by step; Mould is put into the acetone soln oil removing clean, use deionized water rinsing then, dry up subsequent use;
For reaching good oil removing cleaning performance, ultrasonic oil removing is adopted in oil removing described in the step 1), and the time is 3 ~ 5min.
Described cladding material, the Al amount that contains in the TiAl alloy is atomic percent 10 ~ 30%, granularity is 200 ~ 500 orders.That an amount of Al can guarantee to form behind the laser melting coating is TiAlN coating rather than TiN, and too high Al content also can increase the fragility of coating and the bonding strength between coating and the matrix simultaneously, influences the work-ing life of coating.Powder size too carefully is prone to reunite, and particle surface can not fully contact by nitrogen in cladding process, realizes effective nitrogenize, and molten bath internal mobility difference is not easy to moulding in the cladding process; Mobile relatively poor in the too thick cladding process of powder size, there are defectives such as crackle, hole easily in the coating that cladding forms.
Cladding material is thorough drying before laser melting coating.
The laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1000 ~ 2500W, spot diameter Φ 2-4mm, hot spot translational speed 5 ~ 20mm/s; Laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen that the cladding zone is protected simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction.Because the physicals difference such as thermal expansivity between coated material and the metallic matrix are very big, make the matching between coating and the metallic matrix bad, cladding layer such as is prone to crack at defective, has a strong impact on the quality of cladding layer.For the coating of the even compact that obtains to have specific macromechanics, heterogeneous microstructure, must be according to powder kind, quantity and granularity different, select suitable laser cladding technological parameter.Laser cladding technological parameter mainly comprises the addition manner of laser power, spot diameter, laser scanning speed, cladding material etc.Increase, the sweep velocity of power density reduces, the cladding layer planeness increases, tearing tendency reduces.But power is excessive, and sweep velocity is too slow, can cause cladding layer alloy scaling loss, and thinning ratio increases, and the heat affected zone increases.The laser cladding layer width is mainly determined by spot size.The cladding material chemical ingredients is maximum, the most complicated to the cladding layer quality influence.Generally speaking, carbon, boron content height, cladding layer hardness is high, tearing tendency is big; Nickel, cobalt contents height, tearing tendency is little.Silicon, boron content height, the cladding layer planeness is high.Therefore, have only the good collocation of realization between each processing parameter, could obtain to meet the coating that actual performance requires.Contriver of the present invention is taking all factors into consideration factors such as metal matrix material, coated material and performance requriements thereof; Process characteristic in conjunction with laser melting coating; Design Theory and follow-up a large amount of experimental study through early stage; Adopt the coating structure of above-mentioned prepared tiny, do not have defective and be metallurgical binding with matrix, the coating microhardness value can improve die life more than 3-5 times about HV2800
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; Good characteristics such as nanometer TiAlN coating wear-resisting and corrosion-resistant die surface of the present invention has that hardness height, oxidizing temperature are high, thermohardening is good, strong adhesion, rubbing factor are little; Compare with the TiN coating; Have higher mechanical property and thermostability, can significantly improve the work-ing life of mould.The preparation technology of die matrix working-surface protective coating of the present invention; Have production unit and advantage of simple technology; And cladding need not carried out under vacuum environment, and workpiece size is unrestricted basically, therefore can be used for processed complex surface or large size mould.The coating structure of preparation is tiny, do not have defective and be metallurgical binding with matrix, the coating microhardness value about HV2800, can improve die life 3-5 doubly more than.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould; Has the matrix that iron is made; The matrix working-surface has protective coating, and what described protective coating prepared for the mode that adopts fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding with the matrix working-surface.The thickness of nanometer TiAlN coating is 0.05mm.
The step of preparation process that forms protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): the die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface that processes is polished with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively step by step, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, uses deionized water rinsing then, dries up subsequent use.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating; With the TiAl powdered alloy is cladding material; Be metallurgical binding at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, and to have with the thickness of the complete heterogeneity of matrix be the nanometer TiAlN coating of 0.05mm.Wherein the Al amount that contains in the cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 10%, and granularity is 200 orders; Cladding material is thorough drying before laser melting coating.The laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1000W, spot diameter Φ 2mm, hot spot translational speed 20mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen that the cladding zone is protected simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould; Has the matrix that iron is made; The matrix working-surface has protective coating, and what described protective coating prepared for the mode that adopts fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding with the matrix working-surface.The thickness of nanometer TiAlN coating is 0.5mm.
The step of preparation process that forms protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): the die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface that processes is polished with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively step by step, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, uses deionized water rinsing then, dries up subsequent use.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating; With the TiAl powdered alloy is cladding material; Be metallurgical binding at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, and to have with the thickness of the complete heterogeneity of matrix be the nanometer TiAlN coating of 0.5mm.Wherein the Al amount that contains in the cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 20%, and granularity is 300 orders; Cladding material is thorough drying before laser melting coating.The laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1500W, spot diameter Φ 4mm, hot spot translational speed 15mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen that the cladding zone is protected simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould; Has the matrix that iron is made; The matrix working-surface has protective coating, and what described protective coating prepared for the mode that adopts fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding with the matrix working-surface.The thickness of nanometer TiAlN coating is 1mm.
The step that forms the preparation technology of protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): the die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface that processes is polished with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively step by step, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, uses deionized water rinsing then, dries up subsequent use.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating; With the TiAl powdered alloy is cladding material; Be metallurgical binding at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, and to have with the thickness of the complete heterogeneity of matrix be the nanometer TiAlN coating of 1mm.Wherein the Al amount that contains in the cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 30%, and granularity is 500 orders; Cladding material is thorough drying before laser melting coating.The laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 2000W, spot diameter Φ 3mm, hot spot translational speed 10mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen that the cladding zone is protected simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould; Has the matrix that iron is made; The matrix working-surface has protective coating, and what described protective coating prepared for the mode that adopts fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding with the matrix working-surface.The thickness of nanometer TiAlN coating is 0.1mm.
The step that forms the preparation technology of protective coating at this die matrix working-surface is:
1): the die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface that processes is polished with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively step by step, die matrix is put into the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing of acetone soln clean, the ultrasonic auxiliary oil removing time is 3 ~ 5min, uses deionized water rinsing then, dries up subsequent use.
2): laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating; With the TiAl powdered alloy is cladding material; Be metallurgical binding at die matrix working-surface preparation and matrix working-surface, and to have with the thickness of the complete heterogeneity of matrix be the nanometer TiAlN coating of 0.1mm.Wherein the Al amount that contains in the cladding material TiAl powdered alloy is atomic percent 15%, and granularity is 200 orders; Cladding material is thorough drying before laser melting coating.The laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 2000W, spot diameter Φ 2mm, hot spot translational speed 10mm/s.And laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen that the cladding zone is protected simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction.
Claims (8)
1. wear-resisting and corrosion resistant mould; Has the matrix that iron is made; The matrix working-surface has protective coating, it is characterized in that: what described protective coating prepared for the mode that adopts fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding with the matrix working-surface.
2. mould according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of said nanometer TiAlN coating is 0.05 ~ 1mm.
3. one kind forms the preparation technology of protective coating according to claim 1 or claim 2 at the die matrix working-surface, it is characterized in that step is:
1) die matrix pre-treatment
The die matrix working-surface that processes is used sand papering, the working-surface of polishing is carried out oil removing clean, dry up subsequent use;
2) laser melting coating
Adopting the mode of fore-put powder or synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, is cladding material with the TiAl powdered alloy, under the nitrogen protection, is the nanometer TiAlN coating of metallurgical binding at preparation of die matrix working-surface and matrix working-surface.
4. the preparation technology at die matrix working-surface formation protective coating according to claim 3, its characteristic:
The die matrix pre-treatment is specially in the step 1): the die matrix working-surface that processes is polished with the sand paper of 400#, 600#, 1000# respectively step by step, mould is put into the acetone soln oil removing clean, use deionized water rinsing then, dry up subsequent use.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described preparation technologies at die matrix working-surface formation protective coating, it is characterized in that: the oil removing described in the step 1) is ultrasonic oil removing, and the time is 3 ~ 5min.
6. the preparation technology at die matrix working-surface formation protective coating according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described cladding material, and the Al amount that contains in the TiAl alloy is atomic percent 10 ~ 30%, granularity is 200 ~ 500 orders.
7. the preparation technology at die matrix working-surface formation protective coating as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: cladding material is thorough drying before laser melting coating.
8. the preparation technology at die matrix working-surface formation protective coating as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the laser melting coating parameter is: laser power 1000 ~ 2500W, spot diameter Φ 2-4mm, hot spot translational speed 5 ~ 20mm/s; Laser cladding process adopts side-blown 12 ~ 18L/min nitrogen that the cladding zone is protected simultaneously as the required nitrogenous source of reaction.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107413980A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-01 | 常山亚瑞轴承有限公司 | A kind of automatic releasing device |
| CN108103500A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of stretching prestressing force cermet die casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN108115110A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 西安交通大学 | One kind, which has, stretches prestressed ceramic layer anti-adhesive die casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN110774426A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-11 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Surface treatment method for glass fiber reinforced plastic mold |
| CN111763941A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-13 | 常州英诺激光科技有限公司 | Coating process, composite material, application and surface treatment method of metal-based material |
| CN111945151A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of Ti-Al-N-Nb quaternary coating |
| CN111945152A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating on titanium alloy surface |
| CN111945150A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating |
| CN115572974A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-06 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所 | Composite coating and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107413980A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-01 | 常山亚瑞轴承有限公司 | A kind of automatic releasing device |
| CN108103500A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of stretching prestressing force cermet die casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN108115110A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 西安交通大学 | One kind, which has, stretches prestressed ceramic layer anti-adhesive die casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN108115110B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-03-13 | 西安交通大学 | Anti-adhesion die-casting die with tensile prestressed ceramic layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110774426A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-11 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Surface treatment method for glass fiber reinforced plastic mold |
| CN111763941A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-13 | 常州英诺激光科技有限公司 | Coating process, composite material, application and surface treatment method of metal-based material |
| CN111945151A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of Ti-Al-N-Nb quaternary coating |
| CN111945152A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating on titanium alloy surface |
| CN111945150A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-17 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating |
| CN111945150B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-11-01 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating |
| CN111945152B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-01-13 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of TiAlN coating on titanium alloy surface |
| CN115572974A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-06 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所 | Composite coating and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102618870B (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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