CN102613075A - Method for breeding floating ferns of endangered ferns - Google Patents
Method for breeding floating ferns of endangered ferns Download PDFInfo
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- CN102613075A CN102613075A CN2012100750225A CN201210075022A CN102613075A CN 102613075 A CN102613075 A CN 102613075A CN 2012100750225 A CN2012100750225 A CN 2012100750225A CN 201210075022 A CN201210075022 A CN 201210075022A CN 102613075 A CN102613075 A CN 102613075A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding floating ferns of endangered ferns. The method comprises the following steps of: collecting floating fern spores, disinfecting, inoculating the disinfected spores into a culture dish, and culturing in an artificial climate incubator to obtain floating fern seedlings; and transplanting the floating fern seedlings into an artificial clean-water reservoir in which improved soil is paved and which is simulated field aquatic environment, and completing the growth of the seedlings of floating fern sporophytes, vegetative growth and mature growth of the sporophytes, so that the floating fern spores are obtained, and the artificial propagation of the floating ferns is realized. By the method, the germination of the floating fern spores and the development of gametophytes are controlled artificially, and the floating fern seedlings which can be subjected to ex-situ conservation and cultivated and produced on a large scale are provided; and the relocation propagation of the floating ferns is realized by simulating the field aquatic environment of the floating ferns, and the survival rate is high, so that the technical support is provided for the large-scale industrial cultivation and production of the floating ferns. By implementing an artificial propagation technology of the floating ferns, the implementation of protective operation such as ex-situ conservation, in-situ conservation, the return of country of origin, and population recovery of the floating ferns of the endangered aquatic ferns is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mating system of a kind of pteridophyte, refer to the mating system of a kind of pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger particularly.
Background technology
Floating fern is annual aquatic fern, and the existing national secondary of being classified as is protected wild plant.Because of two type leaves, handsome in appearance, use always and do the gardening ornamental plants; Still important medicinal plant is invigorated blood circulation, detoxifies, is controlled mass in the abdomen, dysentery, the skin infections of newborn infants and falls and effect such as beat, and also is famous and precious dish, basic research with use in play a part very important.
At present, the main source of floating fern still is wild floating fern, and wild floating fern germ plasm resource is most deficient, carries out lessly to the research of the artificial breeding of floating fern, does not also see the technology report that has mass artificial to breed.
Carry out research to aquatic fern floating fern raising technology in imminent danger; Not only help floating fern protection but also help the edible, medicinal of floating fern and view and admire reasonable resources utilization and exploitation; Help promoting carrying out of vegetables-basket-works and people's health work, help the structure of " amphitypy society " and the protection of bio-diversity.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to fill up blank of the prior art, the mating system of a kind of good pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger is provided, realize that mass artificial breeds floating fern.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the mating system of pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger provided by the present invention the steps include:
(1) the floating fern spore is gathered: at floating fern spore mature period, gather the floating fern sporophyte, filemot floating fern spore is gathered in back to be dried from the floating fern sporophyte;
(2) the floating fern spore is disinfected: it is 5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution sterilization 10 minutes that the floating fern spore is used mass percent concentration; Centrifugal then; Remove wherein empty sporangium and foreign material, with the distilled water floating fern spore crossed of irrigation and disinfection repeatedly, adding distil water is processed the floating fern spore suspension again; At microscopically counting and dilution floating fern spore suspension, obtaining concentration is the floating fern spore liquid of 140～160/ml;
(3) inoculation: it is the culture dish of 6cm that the medium that will contain knop ' the s nutrient solution of 1% agar places diameter, with aseptic manipulation, the floating fern spore liquid is inoculated in the said culture dish;
(4) cultivate in the climatic cabinate: place SPRX-600B intelligence climatic cabinate to cultivate in postvaccinal culture dish; Intensity of illumination is 6000LX; Cultivation temperature is 24～26 ℃, and humidity is more than 80%, and illumination every day is 11～14h; Floating fern spore development in culture dish becomes to have 2～3 trophophylls, the floating fern seedling of high 1.4～1.6cm;
(5) floating fern sprigging is handled: the floating fern seedling is shifted out from climatic cabinate and is transplanted in the wet earth, keep 25～27 ℃ of room temperatures, make water logging not have floating fern seedling top 0.5～0.8cm, locate 2～3 days in the cool place, improve survival rate;
(6) floating fern growth of seedlings: the floating fern seedling immigration at place, cool place is covered with in the artificial clear water reserviors of the wild aquatic environment of simulation of improving the soil; Keep illumination every day 11～14 hours, 28～32 ℃ of room temperatures, water temperature 23～26; Treat that the floating fern growth of seedling is after 19～21 days; Rising room temperature to 33～37, rising water temperature to 26 ℃～both obtained after 30,70～80 days ripe sporophyte of floating fern;
Wherein, the water pH value in the said artificial clear water reserviors is 7.0～7.5, and water body is a microfluidic, and flow velocity is 250～310ml/min; The clear water of microfluidic helps keeping the floating fern root to be supported fully.
Said improving the soil is the mixture of loam, dried mushroom slag and yellow ground, and wherein the mass ratio of each component is a loam: the dried mushroom slag: yellow ground=6: 1: 1.
In the floating fern growth of seedlings process of said step (6), the height that remains part in the floating fern seedling immersion water is 1.4～1.6cm.
Improve the soil with the preparation of following method: with loam, dried mushroom slag and yellow ground according to 6: 1: 1 mixed of mass ratio; And placed water about 15～20 days; Make the dried mushroom slag fully rotten, obtain mixed soil, use the chicken manure of slant acidity again; The pH value of mixed soil is transferred to 6.80～6.85, both must improve the soil.It is moistening to improve the soil, and fertility is good, ventilative, and finger pressure has continuous sense, meets the growth characteristics of floating fern, and the floating fern growing way that utilizing improves the soil breeds is luxuriant, and spore output is big.
Preferably, the degree of depth of said artificial clear water reserviors is 23～27cm, and its two ends are respectively equipped with a water inlet and a delivery port, and the level height of said water inlet and said delivery port is identical, and with distance at the bottom of the pond be 14～15cm.
Preferably, the water volume flow rate in the said artificial clear water reserviors is 300ml/min.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the mating system through pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger has realized spore germination of Artificial Control floating fern and gametophyte growth, and the floating fern seedling that can supply protection and large-scale planting to produce is provided with moving; Wild aquatic environment through the simulation floating fern has realized the relocation propagation of floating fern, and survival rate is high, for heavy industrialization cultivation and production floating fern provides technical support, helps the development and utilization of edible, the medicinal and ornamental value of floating fern.The enforcement of the artificial propagation techniques through floating fern, the protection that helps aquatic fern floating fern in imminent danger with moving with protect and return original producton location and repopulate etc. on the spot and protect the realization of work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the state diagram of floating fern spore inoculating in culture dish in the Xishuangbanna, Yunnan in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the gametophytic state diagram of floating fern for the floating fern spore development among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the floating fern gametophyte growth among Fig. 2 is the state diagram of floating fern seedling.
Fig. 4 is the state diagram to be transplanted after the floating fern seedling further growth among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 moves into the state diagram in the artificial clear water reserviors for handling the back for the floating fern sprigging among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 be the floating fern seedling among Fig. 5 get into vegetative growth stage state diagram.
Fig. 7 for the floating fern among Fig. 6 nourish and grow with reproductive growth period state diagram.
Fig. 8 be among Fig. 7 floating fern complete reproductive growth state diagram.
Embodiment
Floating fern below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and Xishuangbanna, Yunnan makes further detailed description in the example of breeding of Wuhan Area to the present invention.
The floating fern in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan is in the mating system of Wuhan Area, and step is following:
1, the floating fern spore is gathered and aseptic culture
(1) the floating fern spore is gathered: at floating fern spore mature period, gather the floating fern sporophyte about 11～December, treat from the floating fern sporophyte, to gather filemot floating fern spore behind the natural air drying;
(2) the floating fern spore is disinfected: it is 5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution sterilization 10 minutes that the floating fern spore is used mass percent concentration; Centrifugal then; Remove wherein empty sporangium and foreign material, with the distilled water floating fern spore crossed of irrigation and disinfection repeatedly, add a small amount of distilled water and process the floating fern spore suspension again; At microscopically counting and dilution floating fern spore suspension, obtaining concentration is the floating fern spore liquid of 150/ml;
(3) inoculation: it is the culture dish of 6cm that the medium that will contain knop ' the s nutrient solution of 1% agar places diameter, with aseptic manipulation, the floating fern spore liquid is inoculated in (Fig. 1) in this culture dish;
(4) cultivate in the climatic cabinate: place SPRX-600B intelligence climatic cabinate to cultivate in postvaccinal culture dish, intensity of illumination is 6000LX, and cultivation temperature is 24～26 ℃; Humidity is more than 80%, and illumination every day is 12h, after inoculation; About 10～15 days, under light microscope, observe spore germination, and develop into gametophyte gradually (Fig. 2); About 40～45 days, green floating fern seedling (sporophyte) began to form (Fig. 3), about 60 days; The high about 1.5cm of floating fern seedling, and length has 2～3 trophophylls (Fig. 4).
2, floating fern sprigging is handled: the floating fern seedling that 1.5cm is high shifts out from climatic cabinate and is transplanted in the wet earth, keeps 25～27 ℃ of room temperatures, makes water logging not have floating fern seedling top 0.5～0.8cm, locates 2～3 days in the cool place, improves survival rate.
3, the technology of floating fern seedling and growth and management
(1) preparation is improved the soil: loam, dried mushroom slag and yellow ground according to 6: 1: 1 mixed of mass ratio, and were placed water about 15～20 days, make the dried mushroom slag fully rotten; Obtain mixed soil; Use chicken manure again, the pH value of mixed soil is transferred to 6.83, both must improve the soil.
(2) the artificial clear water reserviors of simulating wild aquatic environment are set: the degree of depth of artificial clear water reserviors is 25cm; Its two ends are respectively equipped with a water inlet and a delivery port (perhaps is provided with a discharge outlet and substitutes delivery port at the bottom of the pond; Discharge outlet links to each other with a crooked PV pipe, and the other end of PV pipe stretches out and forms delivery port outside the pond), the level height of said water inlet and said delivery port is identical; And with the distance at the bottom of the pond be 15cm; Water pH value in the artificial clear water reserviors is 7.0～7.5, and water body is a microfluidic, and flow velocity is 300ml/min;
(3) floating fern growth of seedlings: the floating fern seedling at place, cool place is moved in the artificial clear water reserviors that are covered with the wild aquatic environment of simulation of improving the soil (Fig. 5); Keep illumination every day 12 hours, 28～32 ℃ of room temperatures, 23～26 ℃ of water temperatures; Treat that the floating fern growth of seedling is after 19～21 days; Rising room temperature to 33～37 ℃, rising water temperature to 26 ℃～30 ℃ had both obtained the ripe sporophyte of floating fern after 70～80 days; In above-mentioned floating fern growth of seedlings process, remaining the floating fern seedling, to immerse the height of part in the water be 1.5cm, and keep water temperature constant with controlled water flow speed evenly, to notice that simultaneously mollusk such as snail gets the food trophophyll.
Floating fern experiences growth of seedling, nourishes and grows and sporophyte reproductive growth three phases in artificial clear water reserviors, wherein growth of seedling with nourish and grow about 45～50 days (Fig. 6), get into reproductive growth until about 50 days of sporophyte full maturity (Fig. 7～8) by nourishing and growing.Xishuangbanna, Yunnan floating fern survival rate of utilizing the mating system of floating fern of the present invention to breed reaches more than 75%.
Claims (5)
1. the mating system of a pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger the steps include:
(1) the floating fern spore is gathered: at floating fern spore mature period, gather the floating fern sporophyte, filemot floating fern spore is gathered in back to be dried from the floating fern sporophyte;
(2) the floating fern spore is disinfected: it is 5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution sterilization 10 minutes that the floating fern spore is used mass percent concentration; Centrifugal then, remove wherein empty sporangium and foreign material, remove clorox; Again with the distilled water floating fern spore crossed of irrigation and disinfection repeatedly; Adding distil water is processed the floating fern spore suspension, and at microscopically counting and dilution floating fern spore suspension, obtaining concentration is the floating fern spore liquid of 140～160/ml;
(3) inoculation: it is the culture dish of 6cm that the medium that will contain knop ' the s nutrient solution of 1% agar places diameter, with aseptic manipulation, the floating fern spore liquid is inoculated in the said culture dish;
(4) cultivate in the climatic cabinate: place SPRX-600B intelligence climatic cabinate to cultivate in postvaccinal culture dish; Intensity of illumination is 6000LX; Cultivation temperature is 24～26 ℃, and humidity is more than 80%, and illumination every day is 11～14h; Floating fern spore development in culture dish becomes to have 2～3 trophophylls, the floating fern seedling of high 1.4～1.6cm;
(5) floating fern sprigging is handled: the floating fern seedling is shifted out from climatic cabinate and is transplanted in the wet earth, keep 25～27 ℃ of room temperatures, make water logging not have floating fern seedling top 0.5～0.8cm, locate 2～3 days in the cool place, improve survival rate;
(6) floating fern growth of seedlings: the floating fern seedling immigration at place, cool place is covered with in the artificial clear water reserviors of the wild aquatic environment of simulation of improving the soil; Keep illumination every day 11～14 hours, 28～32 ℃ of room temperatures, water temperature 23～26; Treat that the floating fern growth of seedling is after 19～21 days; Rising room temperature to 33～37, rising water temperature to 26 ℃～30 ℃ both obtained the floating fern sporophyte after 70～80 days;
Wherein, the water pH value in the said artificial clear water reserviors is 7.0～7.5, and water body is a microfluidic, and flow velocity is 250～310ml/min;
Said improving the soil is the mixture of loam, dried mushroom slag and yellow ground, and wherein the mass ratio of each component is a loam: the dried mushroom slag: yellow ground=6: 1: 1.
2. the mating system of pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the floating fern growth of seedlings process of said step (6), the height that remains part in the floating fern seedling immersion water is 1.4～1.6cm.
3. the mating system of pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: improve the soil: loam, dried mushroom slag and yellow ground according to 6: 1: 1 mixed of mass ratio, and were placed water about 15～20 days, make the dried mushroom slag fully rotten with the preparation of following method; Obtain mixed soil; Use chicken manure again, the pH value of mixed soil is transferred to 6.80～6.85, both must improve the soil.
4. the mating system of pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the degree of depth of said artificial clear water reserviors is 23～27cm; Its two ends are respectively equipped with a water inlet and a delivery port; The level height of said water inlet and said delivery port is identical, and with distance at the bottom of the pond be 14～15cm.
5. the mating system of pteridophyte floating fern in imminent danger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water volume flow rate in the said artificial clear water reserviors is 300ml/min.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105724246A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-07-06 | 张秀国 | Method for rapid propagation of floating fern seedling |
| CN109006211A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-18 | 江汉大学 | A kind of ex-situ conservation cultivation method of Yunnan-Guizhou quillwort |
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| CN103348846B (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨师范大学 | Reproduction method of isoetes yunguiensis |
| CN105724246A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-07-06 | 张秀国 | Method for rapid propagation of floating fern seedling |
| CN109006211A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-18 | 江汉大学 | A kind of ex-situ conservation cultivation method of Yunnan-Guizhou quillwort |
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