CN1613288A

CN1613288A - Culture of wild barcken

Info

Publication number: CN1613288A
Application number: CN 200310109960
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林江
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-11-03
Filing date: 2003-11-03
Publication date: 2005-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2023-11-03
Also published as: CN100333631C

Abstract

A cultivating method for naturalizing the wild fiddlehead is disclosed, which takes 3-5 years and features that the chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals are not applied, resulting in 'green food'.

Description

The cultivation method of habituation of wild mountain fern dish

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of domesticating cultivation method of hill dish, a kind of specifically cultivation method of habituation of wild mountain fern dish.

The background background:

Along with the continuous development of society and improving constantly of scientific level, people's living standard is also improved day by day.Current, environmental pollution is on the rise, people more and more clearly realize that, the vegetables of edible pesticide grown chemical fertilizer and the meat that is rich in multiple pollution composition, egg, dairy products has constituted direct threat to human health, the raising of social civilization degree makes human thinking that deep change is taking place, edible nontoxic, free of contamination " pollution-free food " become people's common recognition, back to nature, edible nontoxic, free of contamination hill dish, mountain fern dish particularly, become the common fashion of pursuing of people, and with regard to hill dish itself, most kind delicious flavours, special mountain fern dish contains abundant nutrition, the hill dish that has is still treated the Chinese herbal medicine of multiple disease, so the past always for hill dish that people paid attention to unexpectedly personal value training increase, its price of hill dish of producing in the winter time is higher, become kind the most expensive in the vegetables, past is that nowadays hill dish that the poor are used for allaying one's hunger is the mountain delicacy in the senior feast always, and not only Chinese eat, developed country also wants to buy the hill dish to China every year, and the hill dish has become an important kind of China's foreign exchange earning.Supply falls short of demand in Japan for the mountain fern dish of China, because wild resource different one-tenth degree destructions in recent years, its output does not satisfy the needs of town and country people's diet and foreign exchange earning at all.

Edible wild herbs man is planted in China's small part area in recent years, obtained certain effect, but exist a lot of deficiencies technically, be in particular in: output is extremely low, the cost height, poor quality, because technical difference finally causes mashed root, seedling death phenomenon, so do not grow up on a large scale so far, and use domestication hill dish (mountain fern dish) to replace original cultivation method that breakthrough development has been arranged, the establishing in large scale of hill dish (mountain fern dish) will greatly have been alleviated the requirement of people's edible and export shortfall, no matter domestication mountain fern dish is in big field or green house, still before the room behind the house, below the fruit tree, only however the place of long-term water just can grow, particularly planting benefit is better below conceding the land to forestry.

Domestication mountain fern colza method for planting has solved following problem substantially,

1., solved present land for growing field crops Higher output is not accompanied by a higher income present situation.

2., solved the few phenomenon of input high repayment.

3., solved concede the land to forestry and fruit tree under waste the soil phenomenon.

4., solved the low phenomenon of north vegetables in improper season income.

5., solved mountain fern dish foreign exchange earning new way.

Summary of the invention: the objective of the invention is to provide the growth of a kind of suitable land (land for growing field crops) and green house, can satisfy the commerial growing of hill dish, the cultivation method of the habituation of wild mountain fern dish of high-yield and high-efficiency, green non-pollution.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and habituation of wild mountain fern dish is meant the method for interplanting in big field or green house, uses the seedling from spore of wild mountain fern dish specifically, and management and results are all carried out in land for growing field crops and green house.

This method is by grow seedlings (selecting seedling), and choosing ground, site preparation and fertilization, field planting, five steps of gathering are finished.

1., select the wild mountain fern dish of high-quality root for use 1, grow seedlings:, plant respectively in land for growing field crops or green house through the 3-5 growth, select and grow fine, colory seedling is bred.2., select for use and soak after 15-20 minute in the good mountain fern dish spore and 3-5% gibberellin (920) aqueous solution, broadcast in the trophosome of thin black earth is housed having soaked spore finely, broadcast all about 1 centimetre thin black earth of back loam cake, water the permeable mulch film that is covered with again, be placed under the 25-28 ℃ of constant temperature and grow seedlings, during to the 60-70 days left and right sides, seedling begins to be unearthed, when seedling length to 1 centimetre, begin the branch seedling, divide seedling to be preferably in the green house and carry out, can improve survival rate effectively, want frequent weeding seedling stage, it is sufficient that moisture content is wanted, and makes the seedling normal growth, and field planting in land for growing field crops or green house (field planting is best behind the 3-5) begins to uproot behind the 2-3.

2, choosing ground: because that the mountain fern dish requires soil through 3-5 domestication back is not strict, preceding stubble is with corn, and the jowar stubble is for well, select as far as possible physical features smooth, prevent wind from passing through face south, good, the moistening fertile blackland of draining.

3, site preparation and fertilization: preferably the autumn turns over or spring top slurry is opened the ridge, executes 7000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manures for every mu, is subject matter insured matter, preferably not to fertilize, having beaten and having held together to rake suppression preparation field planting.

4, field planting: (1), field production: the spring not early summer on the ridge, open wide 10-20 centimetre, dark about 20-25 centimetre ditch is put the kind root of taming 3-5 in ditch, water the permeable soil (land for growing field crops is preferably every the ridge plantation) that covered, the neat seedling of the sharp seedling of suppression of raking is strong; (2), greenhouse, greenhouse cultivation: the wide furrow of making a call to of each meter, every furrow are planted two ridges, 50 centimetres of central gangways, the kind method for planting is identical with the field planting method, plants between the best and cold-resistant dwarfing cherry tree of green house cultivation, improve the availability of green house, increase income, domestication mountain fern dish is between 20-25 ℃ in the temperature that green house is fit to, and surpassing 30 ℃ will ventilate, keep just passable about 10 ℃ night, properly all can produce throughout the year if heat.

5, gather: when young shoot grows into about 30-40 centimetre, terminal bud is curved slightly and hold and will in time gather when tight, gathered once in every 7-12 days, the soil table covers the high-quality farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed about 1 centimetre and sieve, and water permeable, can strengthen following batch quality and output like this, general field planting after 2 years per mu yield can reach about 1500 kilograms, green house output is higher.

The present invention is owing to adopted above-mentioned cultivation method plantation to have the following advantages:

1, high yield: adopt 3-5 domestication mountain fern colza method for planting plantation fiddlehead to improve more than 20-50 times than wild pteridophyte output.

2, high-quality:, adopt the high-quality farmyard manure, not to fertilize with this kind method for planting; Fiddlehead gets damage by disease and insect all one's life hardly, so without agricultural chemicals, this fiddlehead product is high-quality " pollution-free food " for these reasons.

3, efficiently: with the plantation of this kind method for planting, invest once, lifelong benefit, general per mu yield value can reach about 4000-6000 unit, is about 8-10 times of kind of land for growing field crops income.

4, saving of labor, laborsaving because the domestication fiddlehead must not damage by disease and insect, need not laxative, and the domestication fiddlehead less is afraid of famine, does not take a lot of work, requires great effort so weeding does not also resemble the planting vegetable complexity.

Plantation domestication fiddlehead relatively see the following form with the maize planting benefit (pressing 667 square metres of calculating) under identical condition

Varieties of plant	Output	Cost	Benefit	Increment
Varieties of plant	Output	Cost	Benefit	Increment	Corn	550 kilograms	440 yuan of 550 * 0.8=
Domestication mountain fern dish	1500 kilograms	Than kind of the high 500-600 of a corn unit	6000 yuan of 1500 * 4=	5560 yuan	Corn	550 kilograms	440 yuan of 550 * 0.8=

Annotate: domestication mountain fern dish once drops into, decades income, the greenhouse, the booth output value is higher.

Embodiment:

Embodiment: with 667 square metres of areas is example: (every mu with taming 60 kilograms of fiddlehead kind roots)

1, seed selection: selecting for use the 3-5 domestication to plant and cultivating to improve output increases benefit.

2, choosing ground: select physical features smooth, draining is good, and moistening fertile blackland, preceding stubble be with corn, the jowar stubble, and especially with soybean, wheat is for well.

3, site preparation and fertilization: carry out generally that the autumn turns over or the spring turns over (Shi Gengwei is good) every mu and executes 8 tons of farmers''s quality fertilizers, use before ploughing, having executed the degree of depth of ploughing behind the fertilizer is 20 centimetres, and the suppression soil moisture conservation of in time raking after ploughing is to guarantee higher yield.

4, field planting: per two ridges are opened a ditch, and about 20 centimetres of ditch depths about wide 10-20 centimetre, are put the kind root of taming 5 years in ditch, water permeable, covered soil, plantation with plant a ridge at interval a ridge for well, rake then, suppress in order to seedling together, the seedling shape.

5, field management: often remove weeds in field, guarantee seedling ground humidity, can cultivate flourishing healthy and strong root system like this, enter winter, clean all withered leaf full scale clearances, cover one deck corn stalk or dried leaf above then, such seedling that grew in 1 year not only early but also strong in good order.

6, temperature greenhouse gardening management: field planting method is the same with the land for growing field crops method, mainly plants a ridge with per 1.5 meters and downgrades cherry tree for well, can improve the availability in soil like this.Be not afraid of the low light level by doing the domestication fiddlehead, so the growth of cherry tree can not influence the fiddlehead growth.So just can reach a ground two receipts, benefit is more than 2 times of single variety.Because the domestication fiddlehead gets damage by disease and insect all one's life hardly, so need not go and buy Chinese medicine.Saving of labor, laborsaving drops into once lifelong benefit.

Claims

1, a kind of cultivation method of habituation of wild mountain fern dish is characterized in that: this method is by growing seedlings, selecting ground, site preparation and fertilization, field planting, five steps of gathering to finish;

1., select the wild mountain fern dish of high-quality root for use (1), grow seedlings:, plant respectively in land for growing field crops or green house through the 3-5 growth, select and grow fine: colory seedling is bred; 2., select for use in the good mountain fern dish spore and 3-5% gibberellin (920) aqueous solution and to soak after 15-20 minute, broadcast in the trophosome of thin black earth is housed having soaked spore finely, broadcast all about 1 centimetre thin black earth of back loam cake, water the permeable mulch film that is covered with again, be placed under the 25-28 ℃ of constant temperature and grow seedlings, during to the 60-70 days left and right sides, seedling begins to be unearthed, when seedling length to 1 centimetre, begin the branch seedling, divide seedling in green house, to carry out, want frequent weeding seedling stage, it is sufficient that moisture content is wanted, and field planting in land for growing field crops or green house begins to uproot behind the 2-3.

(2), choosing ground: preceding stubble is with corn, and the jowar stubble is for well, select physical features smooth, prevent wind from passing through face south, good, the moistening fertile blackland of draining.

(3), site preparation and fertilization: the autumn turns over or spring top slurry is opened the ridge, executes 7000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manures for every mu, not to fertilize, has played the suppression of holding together to rake and has prepared field planting.

(4), field planting: 1), field production: the spring not early summer on the ridge, open wide 10-20 centimetre, dark about 20-25 centimetre ditch is put the kind root of taming 3-5 in ditch, water the permeable soil that covered, the neat seedling of the sharp seedling of suppression of raking is strong; 2), green house cultivation: the wide furrow of making a call to of each meter, every furrow are planted two ridges, 50 centimetres of central gangways, it is identical with the field planting method to plant method for planting, the temperature that domestication mountain fern dish is fit in green house is between 20-25 ℃, and surpassing 30 ℃ will ventilate, and keeps night about 10 ℃.

(5), gather: when young shoot grows into about 30-40 centimetre, terminal bud is curved slightly and hold and will in time gather when tight, gathers once in every 7-12 days, and the soil table covers the high-quality farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed about 1 centimetre and sieve, and waters permeable.