CN102613070A - Method for creating new high protein soybean variety by combining hybridization of wild soybean and cultivated soybean and irradiation mutagenesis - Google Patents
Method for creating new high protein soybean variety by combining hybridization of wild soybean and cultivated soybean and irradiation mutagenesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN102613070A CN102613070A CN2012100912592A CN201210091259A CN102613070A CN 102613070 A CN102613070 A CN 102613070A CN 2012100912592 A CN2012100912592 A CN 2012100912592A CN 201210091259 A CN201210091259 A CN 201210091259A CN 102613070 A CN102613070 A CN 102613070A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for creating a new high protein soybean variety by combining hybridization of wild soybean and cultivated soybean and irradiation mutagenesis. The method comprises the following steps of: on the basis of obtaining a hybrid F1 by taking Farm Black 35 as a female parent and a wild soybean variety of wild ZYD355 as a male parent, back-crossing once to obtain BC1F1; performing irradiation mutagenesis on the back-crossed F1 seed BC1F1 by using an irradiation mutagenesis technology, planting, performing non-destructive detection on protein content of a selfed F1 seed BC1F2 by using a near-infrared spectrum analyzer, and screening high-quality colony for selfing breeding so as to obtain the high-quality high protein soybean. By combining the irradiation technology and the conventional soybean variety breeding technology, an aim of breeding the high-quality high protein soybean is fulfilled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the crop breeding technical field, in particular a kind of method of utilizing wild soybean to combine radioinduction initiative high-protein soybean new germ plasm with the cultivated soybean hybridization.
Background technology
Soybean is a self-pollinated plant, and it is low to have the natural crossing rate, keeps kind of a property easily; Counterglow is responsive; Poor to environmental suitability, interzone is introduced a fine variety and is difficult for successfully waiting characteristics, and the main path of soybean breeder and general step are the combinations that preparation has objective trait genetic variation at present; Choose that the father and mother parent is hybridized, backcrossed, selfing, therefrom separate defect individual and derive to be family; Through for many years, the family trial of multiple spot, identify objective traits such as its output; Select excellent family, the district tries, authorizes, promotes.The main method of soybean family breed breeding is crossbreeding and back cross breeding.Cultivating the high protein content soybean is the important goal of soybean breeder, and the soybean conventional breeding is still the improved important means of soybean quality proterties at present.Wild soybean is owing to have excellent high protein proterties, and utilizing the hybridization of wild soybean and the cultivated soybean to carry out the high-protein soybean breeding also is that the scientific research personnel studies one of focus, but utilizes wild soybean to adopt the method for conventional hybridization breeding to have following shortcoming:
Population improvement and recurrent selection often annually all will be prepared a large amount of hybrid combination when carrying out the soybean crossbreeding, and the algebraically of backcrossing during recurrent selection many (general 5-7 for).Therefore, the early generation in hybridization if can determine these minority fine combination; Enlarge the colony of these fine combination; And concentrate these minority fine combination are selected, not only can break away from because hybrid combination is various, cause the huge heavy burden of workload; And fine combination colony is enlarged, select to such an extent that the probability of excellent material increases greatly.
Utilizing the wild soybean resource mainly is interspecific cross offspring's improvement, and overgrowing, twining, lodge is major obstacle, and the main path that overcomes is to backcross as recurrent parent with the cultivated soybean.In 4 generations of need backcrossing, just can overcome bad proterties such as overgrowing, lodge, split pod, but backcross often, and then protein content can descend.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the deficiency that is directed against prior art provides a kind of method of utilizing wild soybean and the cultivated soybean hybridization to combine radioinduction initiative high-protein soybean new germ plasm.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of method of utilizing wild soybean to combine radioinduction initiative high-protein soybean new germ plasm with the cultivated soybean hybridization; With black farming 35 is that the wild ZYD355 of female parent, wild soybean germplasm is a male parent; Obtain only once to backcross on the hybridization basis in 1 generation and obtain BC1F1; Utilize the radioinduction technology that the 1 generation seed BC1F1 that backcrosses is carried out planting behind the radioinduction then; Utilize near-infrared spectrometers that selfing 1 generation seed BC1F2 is carried out the enabling non-destructive determination determining the protein quantity, filter out good colony and carry out selfing and breed, cultivate the high protein high quality soybean.
Described method, said radioinduction method is: with cobalt 60 gamma rayss irradiations, used dosage is 1.5 ten thousand roentgens to first backcross generation seed BC1F1, dose rate be 264 roentgens/minute.
The present invention is hybridized on the basis in 1 generation and is only once backcrossed obtaining wild soybean and the cultivated soybean; Utilize then the radioinduction technology to backcross 1 generation seed carry out planting behind the radioinduction; Utilize near-infrared spectrometers that selfing 1 generation seed is carried out the not damaged determining the protein quantity; Filter out good colony and carry out that selfing is bred and carry out the protein content tracking and measuring, thereby realize utilizing radiotechnology and soybean varieties seed selection routine techniques to combine, reach the purpose of cultivation high protein high quality soybean.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is technology path figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
1, material
The wild ZYD355 of the excellent wild soybean germplasm of high protein of the protein content 49.3% that filters out is a male parent with early stage; The black farming 35 of, disease-resistant variety better with hereditary coordinate force be female parent, the employing sexual hybridization, backcross, method improvement such as radioinduction innovates seed selection high protein new lines.Black farming 35 is that filial generation strain that academy of agricultural sciences, Heilongjiang Province soybean institute came into leaves from black farming 16 * ten victorys in 1978 is breathed out the 76-6296 and formed through the selection of artificial culture system.March nineteen ninety, crop varietal approval committee was passed through through the Heilongjiang Province, was adapted at the plantation of two, three accumulated temperature band black earth flat areas, Heilongjiang Province.District's test result showed in 1989, under general well-drained condition, and 175 kilograms of per mu yields, fertilizer and water condition is good, and per mu yield can reach more than 250 kilograms.Show through the 739 portions of wild soybeans in Heilongjiang Province having been carried out system's observation, evaluation, analysis; Wild soybean has the excellent proterties of the value utilized most in breeding be to spend more many pods, multi-branched, high protein; Wherein from the wild soybean germplasm ZYD355 protein content of Jixian County, Heilongjiang Province up to 49.34%; Have many pods, multi-branched, excellent proterties such as high protein.
Table 1 multi-product 8807 parent's principal characters
2. method
2.1 Soybean Interspecific Crosses
We take mid-April that wild soybean is urged kind of a germination in the laboratory, and at 3 the end of month, the seed that will show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is sowed in the seedbed; Cover one deck thin soil, to a leaf wholeheartedly time, be transplanted to experimental field when seedling length mid-April; Seeding row spacing 10cm * 40cm executes a small amount of ash in the cave, use the bamboo built at the beginning of 5 months.Guarantee late June and the cultivated soybean flower synchronization,, select the flower that the defloration lobe is not opened, keel do not split as yet to adopt powder because wild soybean flower type is less.Wrap up whole castration flower with fresh blade again after the pollination, and buckle well isolation, so both played the insulation blocking effect with petiole.
(1) decides flower bud: from selected maternal plant, confirm suitable bud castration.Each plant selects 2-4 inflorescence, each inflorescence 1-2 bud of selecting and remain, and that had opened all extracts with the tender bud of children, and the bud that gives over to castration does not stretch out calyx as yet fully with inflorescence, but the color that can find out corolla is promptly exposed 1-2mm in the sepal gap and is advisable.
(2) castrate: castrate when being preferably in hybridization that morning 7 and carried out in the past.
1. remove the calyx lobe: clamp bud with left hand thumb and forefinger, the right hand is held tweezers and earlier sepal the first half is extractd, and petal is extractd one by one again, or is tiltedly pressed from both sides corolla top with tweezers, goes up gently and dials, and whole corolla is pulled out together with stamen, and column cap is exposed.
2. do not remove the calyx lobe: if do not remove the calyx lobe, then vexil and ala are separated, keel are exposed, use the tweezers point again, keel are cut open, the male and female stamen is exposed with pointing to push down along carinal protruding part with tweezers.
(3) pollination: on plant, select the flower that the defloration lobe is not opened, keel do not split as yet to adopt powder with male parent kind typical case proterties.The sepal of gathering flower is extractd, and the strip off petal exposes flower pesticide; If the anther dehiscence loose powder then can be opened and be wrapped in leaf on the eunuchs, flower pesticide is smeared pollination lightly on column cap; Wrap up whole castration flower with fresh blade again after the pollination; And buckle well isolation with petiole, and so both played the insulation blocking effect, can keep certain humidity again.
(4) remove superfluous bud: after the pollination, the inflorescence base portion is grown slower bud remove, otherwise hybridization is difficult for successfully.
(5) list: after pollination finishes, on the anthocaulus of hybridization flower, hang up the plastics board, write hybrid combination code name or title, pollination date and operator's name exactly, and on working copy, perform record.
(6) management: after 1 week of pollinating, remove hybridization and take the blade of parcel, as hybridize success, then ovary has begun to expand, and the bud that hybridization spends the side newly to grow is plucked in inspection.Hybridize into the pod rate for raising, should strengthen water management, like arid, the hybridization garden will in time be irrigated, and keeps soil moisture sufficient, and field microclimate is moistening.
After the maturation, by combination results hybridization in time beanpod, dry threshing after, the hybrid seed of same combination is packed in the seed packet together with the plastics board, properly preserve, BC1F2～BC1F5 adopts and preserves with quadrat method.
2.2 radioinduction method
With cobalt 60 gamma rayss irradiations, used dosage is 1.5 ten thousand roentgens to first backcross generation seed BC1F1, dose rate be 264 roentgens/minute.Preserve behind the dry seed.
2.3 attributional analysis method
Utilizing the near infrared detection method to measure the advanced lines strain is protein content, and Preliminary screening goes out the high protein material, and (NY/T3-82, NY/T4-82) standard law is further accurately measured protein content, carries out the quality primary dcreening operation, decides what to use then in utilization again.The self-generation seed sample is gathered spectrum in 570～1098nm wave-length coverage, sampling interval 2.0nm, light path 18, scanning 10 times, and it is parallel to make sample, the equal spectral value of making even is used for near-infrared spectrum analysis.Utilize the calibration sample collection, more different spectrum ranges and preprocessing procedures are selected suitable spectrum range and more excellent preprocessing procedures, so that set up accurate calibration model to the influence of model calibration correlation coefficient.
2.4 self progeny's determination of yield, phenotypic screen
In that the self progeny after 1 generation of backcrossing such as BC1F2 are carried out combining output and phenotypic screen superior progeny continuation self propagated when protein content identifies up to BC1F5, finally screen the good soybean varieties of objective trait.The fine individual plant of selecting is behind the near infrared ray primary dcreening operation; When the strain system of protein content more than 45% carried out the output evaluation, symptom of a trend strain was carried out the protein content determination of standard law again, thereby innovation selects protein content more than 45%; Economical character is good; Statistics offspring not homophyletic is the output correlation coefficient, confirms superior progeny according to significance analysis, filters out high protein new germ plasm or new lines.
Table 2 offspring strain is the economical character statistical analysis
| Strain system | Protein (%) | Fat (%) | Egg fat total amount (%) | 100-grain weight (g) |
| 8807 | 48.25 | 17.87 | 66.12 | 19.6 |
| 8809 | 46.2 | 16.9 | 63.1 | 17.8 |
| 7659 | 45.8 | 15.9 | 61.7 | 16.5 |
| 8745 | 43.9 | 16.8 | 60.7 | 18.2 |
| 8998 | 44.6 | 15.5 | 60.1 | 17.9 |
Table 3 multi-product 8807 grain proteins and fat content
| Measuring unit | Protein (%) | Fat (%) | Egg fat total amount (%) |
| The academy of agricultural sciences, Heilongjiang Province | 48.10 | 17.88 | 65.98 |
| Article money institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences | 46.74 | 17.10 | 63.84 |
| The academy of agricultural sciences, Heilongjiang Province | 49.18 | 18.40 | 67.58 |
| Article money institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences | 48.97 | 18.09 | 67.06 |
| On average | 48.25 | 17.87 | 66.12 |
The present invention is hybridized on the basis in 1 generation and is only once backcrossed obtaining wild soybean and the cultivated soybean; Utilize then the radioinduction technology to backcross 1 generation seed carry out planting behind the radioinduction; Utilize near-infrared spectrometers that selfing 1 generation seed is carried out the enabling non-destructive determination determining the protein quantity, filter out good colony and carry out selfing and breed and reach the purpose of cultivating the high protein high quality soybean.Compared following advantage with traditional conventional breeding method:
(1) practices thrift cost, soybean shortening breeding cycle
Conventional hybridization and the method for constantly backcrossing for overcoming and unfavorable factors such as the wild soybean filial generation overgrows, need 5-7 for could stablizing at least, and each all need hybridize the wasting manpower and material resources from generation to generation.
(2) directed screening purpose proterties, efficient is high
Conventional method is constantly backcrossed; Protein content can descend gradually with raising from generation to generation; The method that the present invention adopts radioinduction and determining the protein quantity to carry out simultaneously, the uncertainty that can avoid per generation hybridization to produce, the more excellent germplasm of variation screening that utilizes mutagenesis to produce.Obtained excellent high protein new germ plasm multi-product 8807; The most outstanding excellent proterties of this germplasm is that protein content is up to 48.3mg/g; 100-grain weight 19g; Broken through wild soybean filial generation protein height and the general present situation less than normal of seed, and then made wild soybean high protein proterties become species the advantage to become possibility, also quickened the application of wild soybean resource in the soybean quality breeding.
Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion according to above-mentioned explanation, for example:
1. because the wild soybean resource distribution is extensive, utilize the present invention program can carry out the improvement of other objective traits.As: excellent wild soybean resources such as homoisoflavone, resisting phytophthora disease, resistance glyphosate.
2. radioinduction method.The method of radioinduction has alternative this method of method such as radiation source irradiation such as gamma ray projector, x-ray source or neutron source at present.
And all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is utilized wild soybean to combine radioinduction to formulate the method for high-protein soybean new germ plasm with the cultivated soybean hybridization; It is characterized in that; With black farming 35 is that the wild ZYD355 of female parent, wild soybean germplasm is a male parent; Obtaining only once to backcross on the hybridization basis in 1 generation obtains BC1F1, utilizes the radioinduction technology that the 1 generation seed BC1F1 that backcrosses is carried out planting behind the radioinduction then, utilizes near-infrared spectrometers that selfing 1 generation seed BC1F2 is carried out the enabling non-destructive determination determining the protein quantity; Filter out good colony and carry out selfing and breed, cultivate the high protein high quality soybean.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said radioinduction method is: with cobalt 60 gamma rayss irradiations, used dosage is 1.5 ten thousand roentgens to first backcross generation seed BC1F1, dose rate be 264 roentgens/minute.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102845298A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for culturing large-grain soybean variety for summer sowing vegetables |
| CN102845299A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for breeding vegetable soybean variety capable of resisting soybean mosaic virus disease |
| CN108834886A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-20 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of hybridizing method of south Fresh edible soybean |
-
2012
- 2012-03-31 CN CN2012100912592A patent/CN102613070A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102845298A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for culturing large-grain soybean variety for summer sowing vegetables |
| CN102845299A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for breeding vegetable soybean variety capable of resisting soybean mosaic virus disease |
| CN108834886A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-20 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of hybridizing method of south Fresh edible soybean |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |