CN102590996A - Wide-band wide-field off-axis three-reflector variable focal length optical system - Google Patents
Wide-band wide-field off-axis three-reflector variable focal length optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590996A CN102590996A CN2012100801725A CN201210080172A CN102590996A CN 102590996 A CN102590996 A CN 102590996A CN 2012100801725 A CN2012100801725 A CN 2012100801725A CN 201210080172 A CN201210080172 A CN 201210080172A CN 102590996 A CN102590996 A CN 102590996A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a band-wide wide-field total-reflection variable focal length optical system in the technical field of aerospace detection and identification imaging optics. The band-wide wide-field total-reflection variable focal length optical system consists of a main reflector, a secondary reflector, a third reflector and a detector image surface. The optical system adopts a reverse telephoto structure; non-obscuration imaging at an angle of a field of view of 8 degrees to 20 degrees can be realized under the condition of a short focal length; non-obscuration imaging at the angle of the field of view of 13 degrees to 25 degrees can be implemented under the condition of a long focal length; and a high MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) can be obtained. The optical system adopts a total-reflection system structural form; for the first main reflector 1, a convex lens with a negative focal power is used as a front fixed assembly; the second secondary reflector is a zooming assembly so that the aim of zooming is fulfilled; the third reflector is a compensation assembly and is used for compensating the movement of the image surface, so that the wide-field variable focal length optical system with the stable image surface is obtained. The system adopts the reverse telephoto structure, has the characteristics of wide field, wide band and non obscuration imaging, has high imaging quality and a simple structure, is particularly suitable for being used as a wide-band optical system of a high-resolution light camera on airborne equipment and aerospace equipment, and is applied to the fields of space reconnaissance, space observation and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of wide spectrum in airborne detection, the recognition imaging optical technical field, large visual field high resolution total reflection variable focal length optical system.
Background technology
With photoelectric array detector as the imaging receiver the total reflection variable focal length optical system have the characteristics of wide spectrum, high-resolution imaging; In aerospace Space surveillance, spatial observation; Can obtain to be positioned at the high definition photo of infinite distance target; Can be widely used in fields such as modern industry or aerial remote sensing, therefore enjoy the favor of departments such as industry and military affairs.
The total reflection variable focal length optical system that generally adopts at present all adopts the primary mirror with positive light coke as preceding fixation group.Coaxial total reflection variable focal length optical system, the visual field is very little, has bigger blocking, and (MTF) has very big influence to transport function, is difficult to obtain than higher MTF.And have the positive light coke primary mirror in axle total reflection varifocal optical system; Though block less but often to exist image space not good, layout is unreasonable, and perhaps structure increases and sharply increases with field of view angle; Thereby can increase system weight, problem such as the visual field is restricted.
In the prior art; With the present invention the most approaching be patent (CN101697031A); As shown in Figure 1: by focal power is positive first aspheric surface principal reflection mirror 6 and the 3rd non-spherical reflector 9, and aspheric second secondary mirror 7 of low order formed with detector element 10.
This optical system 1) adopting focal power is positive preceding fixation group, blocks greatlyyer, and the visual field is less, is 1 °～3 °; 2) image planes are positioned at after the plane mirror, and image planes are had bigger blocking, and can not satisfy the requirement of Space Optical System to the large visual field high resolution imaging.
In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming; Ad hoc meter is a kind of to have big field angle (short focal length is 8 °～20 °; Long-focus is 13 °～25 °), nothing is blocked, and minute surface face type is prone to processing and detects; System architecture is simple, and can obtain the big visual field of the wide spectrum three mirror total reflection variable focal length optical systems than higher MTF.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve is: under the condition that obtains big visual field, make the total reflection variable focal length optical system, satisfy higher MTF, and the image planes of system keep stable always in the zoom process.The mirror surface type of system is prone to processing, when eyeglass uses special material, can normally detect.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem is: optical system adopts first principal reflection mirror with negative power and second secondary mirror form with positive light coke instead takes the photograph structure far away; Utilize coaxial from the aperture far from the visual field from the axle construction form, enlarge the visual field, improve picture element; The face type of mirror mirror all adopts the low order aspheric surface; The optical axis zoom of three catoptrons overlaps, and is the optical axis of system, and the optical axis of aperture diaphragm is along the axially following skew 12mm of y; The enlargement ratio of three catoptrons satisfies the constant zoom relation of conjugate distance, thereby guarantees that system's image planes are stable.
Detailed content of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2, is to be made up of 1, the second secondary mirror of first principal reflection mirror, 2, the thrihedral reflectors 3 and detector image planes 4, and aperture diaphragm 5 overlaps with principal reflection mirror 1.
This optical system is arranged by x, y, z right hand space coordinates in order, and the z direction of principal axis is decided to be optical axis direction, and the y axle is in diagram 3 planes, and the x axle is perpendicular to the yz plane, and the yz coordinate plane is the meridian ellipse of optical system.First principal reflection mirror 1; The optical axis of second secondary mirror, 2, the thrihedral reflectors 3 and detector image planes 4 and systematic optical axis coincidence are arranged in order on the direction of propagation of light; Aperture diaphragm 5 overlaps with principal reflection mirror 1, and the diaphragm center is along y axle positive dirction skew optical axis 12mm.
First principal reflection mirror 1 is that a focal power is negative low order non-spherical reflector, and second secondary mirror 2 is that a focal power is positive low order non-spherical reflector, and thrihedral reflector 3 is that a focal power is negative low order non-spherical reflector.
The reflecting surface of first principal reflection mirror 1 and second secondary mirror 2 is arranged relatively, and the reflecting surface of second secondary mirror 2 and thrihedral reflector 3 is arranged relatively, and the reflecting surface of thrihedral reflector 3 and detector image planes 4 are arranged relatively.The center of three catoptrons is on the yz plane (the x coordinate is zero) all, and each minute surface is determined by minute surface clear aperature and visual field offset angle in the position of y direction.Aperture diaphragm 5 and first principal reflection mirror 1 overlap, and the diaphragm center is along y axle positive dirction skew optical axis 12mm.
Principle of work explanation: have bigger visual field in order to make the total reflection varifocal optical system; The present invention has adopted the counter structure of taking the photograph type total-reflection type far away system; The focal power of first principal reflection mirror 1 is for negative, and the focal power of second secondary mirror 2 is for just, and the focal power of thrihedral reflector 3 is for bearing.The method of adopt from the aperture, setovering in the visual field; The target of infinite distance through first principal reflection mirror 1 back reflection to the second secondary mirror 2, after second secondary mirror 2, is shone thrihedral reflector 3; Be imaged onto on the detector element 4 by thrihedral reflector 3 then, get picture to the end.First principal reflection mirror 1 is preceding fixation group, and second secondary mirror 2 is for becoming doubly group, and thrihedral reflector 3 is the compensation group.Through moving second secondary mirror 2, change the spacing of second secondary mirror 2 and first principal reflection mirror 1, realize the zoom of optical system; Zoom relation according to specific moves thrihedral reflector 3, and moving of compensation image planes position keeps image planes motionless, obtains having the big visual field total reflection three mirror varifocal optical systems of stable image planes.
Good effect: this optical system is taken the photograph type total reflection three mirror varifocal optical systems far away for counter, adopt from the aperture, the visual field biasing from the axle construction form, can realize the purpose of big visual field wide spectrum varifocal imaging.1) visual field can reach 8 °～20 ° when focal length is 50mm, when focal length is 100mm, can realize the blur-free imaging of 13 °～25 ° of visual fields; 2) mirror surface all adopts the low order aspheric surface, can use special specular material, the convenient detection and processing; 3) system adopts from the axle form; Obtain not having and block system; Good imaging quality, system architecture is simple, is particularly suitable for the optical system as the light-duty camera of the wide covering high resolution of the wide spectrum of using on airborne or the space; Be applied in fields such as Space surveillance, spatial observation, also can be applicable on the optical detection apparatus.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the optical system synoptic diagram of continuous vari-focus of the present invention system:
Among the figure, the 1-principal reflection mirror, the 2-secondary mirror, the 3-thrihedral reflector, 4-detector image planes, the 5-aperture diaphragm overlaps with principal reflection mirror;
Fig. 3 is the optical system synoptic diagram of zoom system, pancreatic system first weight structure, and the visual field is 8 °～20 °;
Fig. 4 is the optical system synoptic diagram of zoom system, pancreatic system second weight structure, and the visual field is 13 °～25 °;
Fig. 5 is the coordinate system synoptic diagram that the present invention adopts.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example in kind the present invention is further specified:
The present invention implements by structure shown in Figure 2, and its detailed content is as shown in Figure 2, and system is made up of 1, the second secondary mirror of first principal reflection mirror, 2, the thrihedral reflectors 3 and detector image planes 4, and aperture diaphragm 5 overlaps with principal reflection mirror.
The material of main, secondary mirror 1,2 and the 3rd catoptron 3 adopt silit or be applicable to the high specific stiffness in space, near zero thermal expansion, the less equivalent material of heat distortion, like ULE, ZERODO.Detector image planes 4 adopt ccd detector or other array detector.
This optical system is arranged by x, y, z right hand space coordinates in order, and the z direction of principal axis is decided to be optical axis direction, and the y axle is in diagram 3 planes, and the x axle is perpendicular to the yz plane, and the yz coordinate plane is the meridian ellipse of optical system.First principal reflection mirror 1; The optical axis of second secondary mirror, 2, the thrihedral reflectors 3 and detector image planes 4 and systematic optical axis coincidence are arranged in order on the direction of propagation of light; Aperture diaphragm 5 overlaps with principal reflection mirror 1, and the diaphragm center is along y axle positive dirction skew optical axis 12mm.
The reflecting surface of first principal reflection mirror 1 and second secondary mirror 2 is arranged relatively, and the reflecting surface of second secondary mirror 2 and thrihedral reflector 3 is arranged relatively, and the reflecting surface of thrihedral reflector 3 and detector image planes 4 are arranged relatively.The center of three catoptrons is on the yz plane (the x coordinate is zero) all, and each minute surface is determined by minute surface clear aperature and visual field offset angle in the position of y direction.Aperture diaphragm 5 and first principal reflection mirror 1 overlap, and the diaphragm center is along y axle positive dirction skew optical axis 12mm.
The visual field can reach 8 °～20 ° when focal length is 50mm, when focal length is 100mm, can realize the blur-free imaging of 13 °～25 ° of visual fields; Mirror surface all adopts the low order aspheric surface, can use special specular material, the convenient detection and processing; System adopts from the axle form; Obtain not having and block system; Good imaging quality, system architecture is simple, is particularly suitable for the optical system as the light-duty camera of the wide covering high resolution of the wide spectrum of using on airborne or the space; Be applied in fields such as Space surveillance, spatial observation, also can be applicable on the optical detection apparatus.
Claims (5)
1. a wide spectrum is looked field off-axis three catoptron variable focal length optical systems greatly; It is characterized in that: what have a big visual field wide spectrum high-resolution imaging instead takes the photograph type total reflection varifocal optical system far away; Comprise first principal reflection mirror 1; Second secondary mirror 2, the thrihedral reflector 3 and detector image planes 4, aperture diaphragm 5 overlaps with principal reflection mirror 1.Optical system adopts three antistructures, under the prerequisite that guarantees image quality, and the visual field that has increased system greatly.This optical system is arranged by x, y, z right hand space coordinates in order, and the z direction of principal axis is decided to be optical axis direction, and the y axle is in diagram 3 planes, and the x axle is perpendicular to the yz plane, and the yz coordinate plane is the meridian ellipse of optical system.First principal reflection mirror 1; The optical axis of second secondary mirror, 2, the thrihedral reflectors 3 and detector image planes 4 and systematic optical axis coincidence are arranged in order on the direction of propagation of light; Aperture diaphragm 5 overlaps with principal reflection mirror 1, and the diaphragm center is along y axle positive dirction skew optical axis 12mm.
2. a kind of wide spectrum according to claim 1 is looked field off-axis three catoptron variable focal length optical systems greatly; It is characterized in that: system adopts the anti-type optical system structure form far away of taking the photograph; First principal reflection mirror 1 is that a focal power is negative catoptron, and second secondary mirror 2 is that a focal power is positive catoptron, and thrihedral reflector 3 is that a focal power is negative catoptron; The position of aperture diaphragm 5 and first principal reflection mirror 1 overlaps, and the diaphragm center is along y axle positive dirction skew optical axis 12mm.
3. a kind of wide spectrum according to claim 1 is looked field off-axis three catoptron variable focal length optical systems greatly; It is characterized in that: the reflecting surface of first principal reflection mirror 1 and second secondary mirror 2 is arranged relatively; The reflecting surface of second secondary mirror 2 and thrihedral reflector 3 is arranged relatively, and the reflecting surface of thrihedral reflector 3 and detector image planes 4 are arranged relatively.The center of three catoptrons is on the yz plane (the x coordinate is zero) all, and each minute surface is determined by minute surface clear aperature and visual field offset angle in the position of y direction.Aperture diaphragm 5 overlaps with principal reflection mirror 1, and the diaphragm center is along y axle positive dirction skew optical axis 12mm.
4. a kind of wide spectrum according to claim 1 is looked field off-axis three catoptron variable focal length optical systems greatly; It is characterized in that: this optical system has realized that total reflection does not have and has blocked; The zoom requirement of big visual field, when focal length was short Jiao of 50mm, the visual field was 8 °～20 °; When focal length was long Jiao of 100mm, the visual field reached 13 °～25 °.
5. a kind of wide spectrum according to claim 1 is looked field off-axis three catoptron variable focal length optical systems greatly, it is characterized in that: first principal reflection mirror 1 is preceding fixation group, and second secondary mirror 2 is for becoming doubly group, and thrihedral reflector 3 is the compensation group.Through moving second secondary mirror 2, change the spacing of second secondary mirror 2 and first principal reflection mirror 1, realize the zoom of optical system; Zoom relation according to specific moves thrihedral reflector 3, and moving of compensation image planes position keeps image planes motionless, obtains having the big visual field total reflection varifocal optical system of stable image planes.
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| CN2012100801725A CN102590996A (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Wide-band wide-field off-axis three-reflector variable focal length optical system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103293697A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-11 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Large-visual-field off-axis prime focus type collimator optical system |
| CN104977705A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-10-14 | 北京理工大学 | Large-visual-field off-axis reflection zooming optical system |
| CN107677264A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-09 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of reflective star sensor |
| CN110133846A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-16 | 北京理工大学 | Zoom is surely as the design method of the steady image planes shape of distorting lens in Integral imaging system |
| CN110716321A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Off-axis two-mirror system assembling and adjusting method |
| CN112068295A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Off-axis reflection type internal focusing optical system |
| CN112710390A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-27 | 北京理工大学 | Resolution-adjustable off-axis four-counter-rotation zoom imaging spectrometer |
| CN114815201A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-29 | 北京理工大学 | Off-axis reflection type regional variable resolution imaging optical system |
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| US5170284A (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1992-12-08 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Wide field of view focal three-mirror anastigmat |
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| CN1881091A (en) * | 2005-06-18 | 2006-12-20 | 三星电子株式会社 | Off-axis projection optical system and extreme ultraviolet lithography apparatus using the same |
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| US5170284A (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1992-12-08 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Wide field of view focal three-mirror anastigmat |
| US5331470A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1994-07-19 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Fast folded wide angle large reflective unobscured system |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103293697A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-11 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Large-visual-field off-axis prime focus type collimator optical system |
| CN104977705A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-10-14 | 北京理工大学 | Large-visual-field off-axis reflection zooming optical system |
| CN107677264A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-09 | 北京控制工程研究所 | A kind of reflective star sensor |
| CN107677264B (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2020-09-18 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Reflective star sensor |
| CN110133846A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-16 | 北京理工大学 | Zoom is surely as the design method of the steady image planes shape of distorting lens in Integral imaging system |
| CN110716321A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Off-axis two-mirror system assembling and adjusting method |
| CN110716321B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-09-10 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Off-axis two-mirror system assembling and adjusting method |
| CN112068295A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Off-axis reflection type internal focusing optical system |
| CN112710390A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-27 | 北京理工大学 | Resolution-adjustable off-axis four-counter-rotation zoom imaging spectrometer |
| CN114815201A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-29 | 北京理工大学 | Off-axis reflection type regional variable resolution imaging optical system |
| CN114815201B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-05-12 | 北京理工大学 | Off-axis reflection type regional variable resolution imaging optical system |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |