CN102589487A - Portable earth surface roughness measuring instrument - Google Patents
Portable earth surface roughness measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN102589487A CN102589487A CN2012100115557A CN201210011555A CN102589487A CN 102589487 A CN102589487 A CN 102589487A CN 2012100115557 A CN2012100115557 A CN 2012100115557A CN 201210011555 A CN201210011555 A CN 201210011555A CN 102589487 A CN102589487 A CN 102589487A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable earth surface roughness measuring instrument, comprising a horizontal rotation driving device and a radial moving arm which is connected with the output terminal of the horizontal rotation driving device and can horizontally rotate by taking the output terminal as the center as well as a controller, wherein the radial moving arm is provided with a sliding block which can move along length direction of the radial moving arm; the sliding block is fixedly connected with a distance measuring device and is used for measuring a distance between the sliding block and an upper cushion surface in vertical direction and a distance between the sliding block and a lower cushion surface in the vertical direction; and the controller is used for controlling rotation output of the horizontal rotation driving device, moving of the sliding block on the radial moving arm and starting of the distance measuring device, receiving a measuring result of the distance measuring device, calculating an earth surface roughness result according to a program preset in the distance measuring device and displaying, storing and sending data. The portable earth surface roughness measuring instrument disclosed by the invention has a simple mechanical structure, low cost and high measurement accuracy, is light, handy and portable and can be applied to measurement on the earth surface roughness of the lower cushion surface in agriculture, soil science, weather and climate predication, geology, microwave remote sensing and other fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remote sensing ground survey instrument field, particularly relate to a kind of portable roughness of ground surface automatic measurer.
Background technology
How much roughness in the face of land can be described with face of land root-mean-square height s and auto-correlation length l; These two parameters limit roughness of ground surface from the yardstick of vertical and level respectively; Obtaining more representational root-mean-square height and persistence length, is one of determinative of face of land back scattering calculating correctness.
How much roughness in the face of land have important use in applications such as agricultural, pedology, weather and climatic prediction, geology.Aspect agricultural and pedology, roughness to infiltrate, flood and soil erosion process be all influential; In climate and weather forecast field, soil is stored and transpiring moisture also depends on the roughness of ground surface situation; Aspect geology, can judge the geology element information of wind erosion sandstone according to the surfaceness situation.To different applications, roughness of ground surface can be divided into geometry roughness and aerodynamic roughness.What used usually in the remote sensing field is how much roughness, and aerodynamic roughness mainly is meant the meaning in the meteorology, is used in soil erosion aspect.
In microwave remote sensing soil moisture field, face of land parametrization is the basis of the practical soil moisture inverse model of development, and wherein topmost limiting factor is obtaining of soil roughness, and is difficult to the simple modification method of exploitation.Research shows, soil surface roughness is equivalent to the influence of radar backscattering coefficient or greater than the influence of soil moisture to it usually.Therefore; In the development course of microwave remote sensing inverting face of land parameter study, roughness of ground surface all is the emphasis of research all the time, has only after the problem solution with roughness of ground surface; Can set up correct face of land electromagnetic scattering model, carry out Soil Moisture Inversion work effectively.
At present, the remote sensing field is used based on the root-mean-square height of single scale and persistence length always and is described the vertical and horizontal surfaceness, and these two parameters are not fixed, and depends on the length of measuring section and the resolution of measuring calibration.As for the very big level and smooth soil surface of persistence length; Application has only the measurement length profile of a few meter level measuring ranges to estimate that its size is suspectable; Because too complicated, also do not develop at present to measure the surface finish measurement technology that yardstick is derived to and used yardstick.
Measure surface roughness mainly contains methods such as mark post method, digital camera measurement and laser scanning at present.Use the measurement of mark post method and have advantages such as equipment is simple, easy operating, cost; Shortcoming is that the original height data are obtained by mark post upper end and rule comparison; Its precision is lower, is about 1cm, and this method belongs to contact measurement; Not only efficient is low, even might change soil morphological characteristics.The Wang Gang of Institute of Remote Sensing Application, Academia Sinica improves this method, on a plank, finishes scale, inserts direct measured soil height in the soil.For uniform sampling, normally in the soil of different terrain, insert scaleplate, take photos artificial then interpretation record.The point that will read on every photo is about 100 (long 1 meter of plate is read a point for 1 centimetre), if all adopt artificial interpretation, workload is big, and easy error.In order to reduce workload, raise the efficiency, this system adopts interactive means, semi-automatically from photo, extracts the soil roughness data by computing machine.Its automatic recognition principle is different based on soil and scaleplate gray scale, distinguishes, and the measured soil edge is to the pixels tall of datum line then, and the passing ratio chi is transformed into the true altitude of soil again.This system compares with artificial interpretation, have fast and convenient advantage, and error is in 0.5 centimetre.Digital camera method and laser scanning method all have quite high measuring accuracy, and all belong to non-contact measurement method, but conventional digital camera method only can be obtained the 2D image information.The laser scanning and ranging technology is applied to the soil surface morphometry, external in recent years existing report.Design such as the Cai Xiang of China Agricultural University, Sun Yurui based on the soil surface roughness measurement mechanism of laser-bounce mainly by laser range sensor, direct current motor, relative position sensor and slide block and compositions such as data acquisition/controller and host computer on X/Y axis rail and the corresponding guide rail.Wherein the Y axis rail is fixed on the X axle slide block, and X axle direct current motor driving sliding block drives the Y axis rail and on the X axis rail, moves; Laser range sensor is fixed on the Y axle slide block, and Y axle direct current motor driving sliding block drives sensor and on the Y axis rail, moves.The track that laser range sensor is set according to host computer with two direct current motors in the measuring process is advanced, and the raw measurement data that obtains is sent to host computer together with relative position information through serial ports.
The measurement requirement of roughness of ground surface reduces the destruction to the seedbed table fast, accurately, as far as possible, and in addition, the roughness concentration experiment generally launches in the open air, have inconvenient traffic, this just require surveying instrument to have portable, reliable, precision is high, adaptable characteristics.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The technical matters that the present invention will solve provides a kind of portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument, can be portable, reliable, precision is high, adaptability is extensively shown roughness ground-to-ground and measured.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument, it comprises:
Horizontally rotate driver, be connected also and can it do the arm that moves radially that horizontally rotates for the center with the said output end of driver that horizontally rotates;
The said arm that moves radially is provided with the slide block that can move along its length direction;
Be fixedly connected with distance measuring equipment on the said slide block, be used to measure the distance between the underlying surface on itself and its vertical;
Said portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises controller; Said controller is used for: control the said rotation output of driver, the said slide block of horizontally rotating in the said measurement result that moves radially the startup of the mobile and said distance measuring equipment on the arm and receive said distance measuring equipment; And calculate the roughness of ground surface result, the demonstration of data, storage and transmission according to pre-set programs in it.
Preferred as technique scheme, said distance measuring equipment is a laser range sensor.
Preferred as technique scheme, said slide block moves radially between the arm to ball-screw linearity module cooperates with said, and said slide block is by the radial drive motor-driven, and said radial drive motor is electrically connected with said controller.
Preferred as technique scheme; Be provided with balancing counterweight mechanism with the said said opposite side that horizontally rotates driver that moves radially arm; It is used for the said slide block of balance along the said whole center of gravity of measuring instrument when moving radially arm and moving, and makes said center of gravity remain on the said driver place that horizontally rotates.
Preferred as technique scheme; Said balancing counterweight mechanism comprise with said horizontally rotate that driver is connected and said move radially arm on same straight line, counterweight support bar in the opposite direction; Being equipped with on the said counterweight support bar can be along its balancing weight that moves, and said balancing weight is connected to said slide block through the counterweight backguy.
Preferred as technique scheme, said counterweight backguy center section is walked around and is positioned at the pulley that said counterweight support bar is provided with respect to the said other end that horizontally rotates drive side; Said slide block affects said counterweight backguy when moving, drive the said balancing weight edge direction opposite with said slide block and move; Said balancing weight equals said slide block in the said moment that moves radially arm in the moment of said counterweight support bar.
Preferred as technique scheme; Said portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises supporting mechanism; Said supporting mechanism comprises cross bar and is positioned at the bracing frame that said cross bar two ends are fixedly connected that said cross bar is fixedly connected with the said driver that horizontally rotates, not with its rotation.
Preferred as technique scheme, support frame as described above is a tripod, the height of said tripod is adjustable, is used to regulate said distance measuring equipment to the distance between the underlying surface.
Preferred as technique scheme, said controller comprises microprocessor, man-machine interface, motor driver, communication interface, power supply and storer.
(3) beneficial effect
A kind of portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument that technique scheme provided, it comprises: horizontally rotate driver, be connected also and can it do the arm that moves radially that horizontally rotates for the center with the said output end of driver that horizontally rotates; The said arm that moves radially is provided with the slide block that can move along its length direction; Be fixedly connected with distance measuring equipment on the said slide block, be used to measure the distance between the underlying surface on itself and its vertical; Said portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises controller; Said controller is used for: control the said rotation output of driver, the said slide block of horizontally rotating in the said measurement result that moves radially the startup of the mobile and said distance measuring equipment on the arm and receive said distance measuring equipment; And calculate the roughness of ground surface result, the demonstration of data, storage and transmission according to pre-set programs in it.This instrument physical construction simply, lightly portable, cost is low, measuring accuracy is high, can be used for the measurement of applications such as agricultural, pedology, weather and climatic prediction, geology, microwave remote sensing to the underlying surface roughness of ground surface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of synoptic diagram of measurement point track of the portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the invention portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument move radially arm and counter weight construction principle schematic thereof;
Wherein, 1: horizontally rotate driver; 2: move radially arm; 3: slide block; 4: distance measuring equipment; 5: the radial drive motor; 6: balancing counterweight mechanism; 7: underlying surface; 8: the counterweight support bar; 9: balancing weight; 10: the counterweight backguy; 11: pulley; 12: controller; 13: supporting mechanism; 14: cross bar; 15: bracing frame.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, specific embodiments of the invention describes in further detail.Following examples are used to explain the present invention, but are not used for limiting scope of the present invention.
To shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument, comprising in conjunction with Fig. 1: horizontally rotate driver 1, concrete horizontally rotate driver 1 can be by bearing, bearing seat, horizontally rotate motor and form; Be connected with the output terminal that horizontally rotates driver 1 and can its for the center do horizontally rotate move radially arm 2; Move radially arm 2 and be provided with the slide block 3 that can move along its length direction; Be fixedly connected with distance measuring equipment 4 on the slide block 3, be used to measure the distance between the underlying surface 7 on itself and its vertical; Portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises controller 12; Controller 12 is used for: the rotation output of controlling level rotating driver 1, slide block 3 are moving radially moving and the startup of distance measuring equipment 4 and the measurement result of reception distance measuring equipment 4 on the arm 2; And calculate the roughness of ground surface result, the demonstration of data, storage and transmission according to pre-set programs in it.
For adapting to present embodiment to high-precision requirement, distance measuring equipment 4 is laser range sensor preferably, based on the high precision characteristic of laser range sensor.Simultaneously, traditional distance measuring equipment such as ultrasonic ranging sensor, infrared distance measuring sensor also applicable in the present embodiment as distance measuring equipment 4.
The concrete course of work of present embodiment is: during measurement; Laser range sensor radially outwards moves moving radially on the arm 2 slowly; Move radially arm 2 simultaneously and under the driving that horizontally rotates driver 1, rotate again, then laser range sensor is gradually to open round orbiting motion.During concrete the measurement, at first controller 12 control laser range sensors move to assigned address diametrically, and then controlling level rotating driver 1; Driving moves radially arm 2 and rotates; Like this, laser range sensor is measured around a circle on underlying surface 7, after measurement is accomplished; Controller 12 control laser range sensors move to next assigned address diametrically, and then rotate.Wherein the distance of each radial motion can be set through controller 12, changes the density of measuring (concrete measurement point track is referring to Fig. 2).Can quick and precisely measure in the circular flat of appointment the height of specified point on the underlying surface 4.Controller is 1 couple of result who collects calculate, and accurately obtains the roughness of ground surface result of this appointed area.This instrument physical construction simply, lightly portable, cost is low, measuring accuracy is high, can be used for the measurement of applications such as agricultural, pedology, weather and climatic prediction, geology, microwave remote sensing to the underlying surface roughness of ground surface.
When portable roughness automatic measurer moved, the track of measurement point was as shown in Figure 2, is the concentric circles of some row.
Slide block 3 is that the linear module of ball-screw cooperates with moving radially between the arm 2, and slide block 3 is driven by radial drive motor 5, and radial drive motor 5 is electrically connected with controller 12.
For guarantee portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument when running steadily; Present embodiment preferably is provided with balancing counterweight mechanism 6 with the opposite side that horizontally rotates driver 1 that moves radially arm 2; It is used for balance slide block 3 whole center of gravity of measuring instrument when radially transfer arm 2 moves, and center of gravity is remained on horizontally rotate driver 1 place.
Portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises supporting mechanism 13 in the preferred present embodiment, and supporting mechanism 13 comprises cross bar 14 and be positioned at the bracing frame 15 that cross bar 14 two ends are fixedly connected that cross bar 14 is fixedly connected with horizontally rotating driver 1, not with its rotation.Bracing frame 15 is a tripod; The height of tripod is adjustable; Make and to be fixed on cross bar 14 adjustable height overhead on the tripod; Make that finally laser range sensor is adjustable apart from floor level, realize the height of laser range sensor being regulated, improved the adaptability of this portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument greatly according to the actual surface situation.
Can find out that by above embodiment the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument, comprising: horizontally rotate driver 1, be connected with the output terminal that horizontally rotates driver 1 and can its for the center do horizontally rotate move radially arm 2; Move radially arm 2 and be provided with the slide block 3 that can move along its length direction; Be fixedly connected with distance measuring equipment 4 on the slide block 3, be used to measure the distance between the underlying surface 7 on itself and its vertical; Portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises controller 12; Controller 12 is used for: the rotation output of controlling level rotating driver 1, slide block 3 are moving radially moving and the startup of distance measuring equipment 4 and the measurement result of reception distance measuring equipment 4 on the arm 2; And calculate the roughness of ground surface result, the demonstration of data, storage and transmission according to pre-set programs in it.This instrument physical construction simply, lightly portable, cost is low, measuring accuracy is high, can be used for the measurement of applications such as agricultural, pedology, weather and climatic prediction, geology, microwave remote sensing to underlying surface 7 roughness of ground surface.
It below only is preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from know-why of the present invention; Can also make some improvement and replacement, these improvement and replacement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument is characterized in that, comprising:
Horizontally rotate driver (1), be connected with the said output terminal that horizontally rotates driver (1) and can its for the center do horizontally rotate move radially arm (2);
The said arm (2) that moves radially is provided with the slide block (3) that can move along its length direction;
Be fixedly connected with distance measuring equipment (4) on the said slide block (3), be used to measure the distance between the underlying surface (7) on itself and its vertical;
Said portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises controller (12); Said controller (12) is used for: control the said rotation output that horizontally rotates driver (1), said slide block (3) and move radially moving and the startup of said distance measuring equipment (4) and receive the measurement result of said distance measuring equipment (4) on the arm (2) said, and calculate the roughness of ground surface result according to pre-set programs in it.
2. portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said distance measuring equipment (4) is a laser range sensor.
3. portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said slide block (3) cooperates for the linear module of ball-screw with said moving radially between the arm (2); Said slide block (3) is driven by radial drive motor (5), and said radial drive motor (5) is electrically connected with said controller (12).
4. portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that; Move radially the said opposite side that horizontally rotates driver (1) that arm (2) is connected side and be provided with balancing counterweight mechanism (6) with said; It is used for the said slide block of balance (3) along the said whole center of gravity of measuring instrument when moving radially arm (2) and moving, and makes said center of gravity remain on the said driver (1) that horizontally rotates and locates.
5. portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument as claimed in claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said balancing counterweight mechanism (6) comprise with said horizontally rotate that driver (1) is connected and said move radially arm (2) on same straight line, counterweight support bar (8) in the opposite direction; Being equipped with on the said counterweight support bar (8) can be along its balancing weight that moves (9), and said balancing weight (9) is connected to said slide block (3) through counterweight backguy (10).
6. portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said counterweight backguy (10) center section is walked around and is positioned at the pulley (11) that said counterweight support bar (8) is provided with respect to the said other end that horizontally rotates driver (1) end; Said slide block (3) affects said counterweight backguy (10) when moving, and drives said balancing weight (9) edge and moves with the opposite direction of said slide block (3); Said balancing weight (9) equals said slide block (3) in the said moment that moves radially arm (2) in the moment of said counterweight support bar (8).
7. portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument as claimed in claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument also comprises supporting mechanism (13); Said supporting mechanism (13) comprises cross bar (14) and is positioned at the bracing frame (15) that said cross bar (14) two ends are fixedly connected that said cross bar (14) is fixedly connected with the said driver (1) that horizontally rotates, not with its rotation.
8. portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that support frame as described above (15) is a tripod, and the height of said tripod is adjustable, is used to regulate said distance measuring equipment (4) to the distance between the underlying surface (17).
9. like each described portable roughness of ground surface measuring instrument in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that said controller (12) comprises microprocessor, man-machine interface, motor driver, communication interface, power supply and storer.
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| CN2012100115557A CN102589487A (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Portable earth surface roughness measuring instrument |
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| CN102788566A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2012-11-21 | 电子科技大学 | Measuring plate and measuring method of soil surface roughness |
| CN105302980A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-02-03 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Urban aerodynamic roughness inversion method based on SAR data |
| CN105424196A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-23 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Portable hyperspectral non-destructive determination device for surface emissivity and optimized determination method thereof |
| CN105571534A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-05-11 | 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 | Level testing tool for power transmission line steel tube foundation |
| CN105651212A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-08 | 长安大学 | Soil surface roughness measuring device and method |
| CN106017368A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-12 | 三峡大学 | Rock sample surface roughness quantization device and application method thereof |
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| WO2017158006A3 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2018-06-28 | Cnh Industrial Italia S.P.A. | Method and system for measuring the roughness of a ground surface |
| CN108716902A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-30 | 镇江市建科工程质量检测中心有限公司 | A kind of flatness inspection devices for concrete sample |
| WO2019040552A1 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-02-28 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | System and method for quantifying soil roughness |
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| CN102788566A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2012-11-21 | 电子科技大学 | Measuring plate and measuring method of soil surface roughness |
| CN105302980A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-02-03 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Urban aerodynamic roughness inversion method based on SAR data |
| CN105302980B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-07-03 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | A kind of city aerodynamic roughness inversion method based on SAR data |
| CN105424196A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-23 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Portable hyperspectral non-destructive determination device for surface emissivity and optimized determination method thereof |
| CN105571534A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-05-11 | 云南电网有限责任公司昆明供电局 | Level testing tool for power transmission line steel tube foundation |
| CN109068575A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2018-12-21 | 凯斯纽荷兰(中国)管理有限公司 | For measuring the method and system of the roughness of floor surface |
| US11197408B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2021-12-14 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | Ultrasonic sensors for field roughness measurement |
| WO2017158006A3 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2018-06-28 | Cnh Industrial Italia S.P.A. | Method and system for measuring the roughness of a ground surface |
| CN109068575B (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2021-12-07 | 凯斯纽荷兰(中国)管理有限公司 | Method and system for measuring roughness of a ground surface |
| CN105651212A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-08 | 长安大学 | Soil surface roughness measuring device and method |
| CN106123800A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-11-16 | 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 | Slab outline detection system |
| CN106017368A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-10-12 | 三峡大学 | Rock sample surface roughness quantization device and application method thereof |
| CN106017368B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-06-29 | 三峡大学 | A kind of rock sample surface roughness quantization device and its application process |
| WO2019040552A1 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-02-28 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | System and method for quantifying soil roughness |
| AU2018321497B2 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2022-09-08 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | System and method for quantifying soil roughness |
| US10986765B2 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2021-04-27 | Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. | System and method for quantifying soil roughness |
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| CN109974616A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-05 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | A kind of anode slot titanium-based seat Special automatic detection device |
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| CN110231456A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-13 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Measuring device |
| CN110455228A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-15 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of surface finish measurement handset apparatus based on laser displacement sensor |
| CN111174704B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-04-19 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Method for measuring height of tin ball by gray image |
| CN111174704A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-05-19 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Method for measuring height of tin ball by gray image |
| CN114777690A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-22 | 南昌工程学院 | Automatic surface roughness measuring device and method |
| CN114777690B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-08-15 | 南昌工程学院 | Automatic surface roughness measuring device and method |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |