CN202814364U - A system for measuring soil surface roughness - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a system for measuring soil surface roughness. The system comprises a support, a horizon reference panel, a structured light projecting and image acquiring component, and a central processing device. Soil sample is covered with the horizon reference panel. The structured light projecting and image acquiring component disposed on the support is used for acquiring coordinate parameter information of target sampling points on the soil sample and coordinate parameter information of points which are disposed on the horizon reference panel and which correspond to the target sampling points and transmitting the coordinate parameter information to the central processing device. According to the coordinate parameter information of the target sampling points on the soil sample and coordinate parameter information of the points which are disposed on the horizon reference panel and which correspond to the target sampling points, the central processing device is used for correcting the coordinate parameter of the target sampling points on the soil sample, and acquires surface roughness of the measured soil according to the corrected coordinate parameter of the target sampling points on the soil sample. By performing three-dimensional measurement on the measured object by using the structured light, positions of discrete points on the measured object surface in a reference coordinate system is acquired. As a result, soil surface roughness is further calculated simply, rapidly, and accurately.

Description

A kind of system of measuring soil surface roughness

Technical field

The utility model relates to the Land Surface Parameters fields of measurement, particularly a kind of system of measuring soil surface roughness.

Background technology

Soil surface roughness is the important parameter that characterizes the Soil Hydrological characteristic and affect soil property.The factors such as it and soil moisture infiltration rate, footpath, earth's surface, surface pond and the soil erosion, porosity of soil have correlativity.

The method of measuring at present soil surface roughness mainly contains scaleplate method, sonde method, image shadowing method, stereophotogrammetric method and laser scanning method.

The measurement of scaleplate method is to insert a label that indicates distance scale in soil, manually reads the soil height of difference, by calculating, obtains soil surface roughness, the method low precision, inefficiency.Sonde method is measured, and also has poor, the ineffective problem of measuring accuracy.

The shade that the image shadowing method is based on the soil image carries out the soil roughness analysis, belongs to non-cpntact measurement, but the digital camera method only can be obtained the 2-D image information, the accuracy that impact is measured.

Stereophotogrammetric method needs to carry out more loaded down with trivial details demarcating with accurately control point survey in measuring process,

Although laser scanning method has quite high measuring accuracy; But because relatively more accurate and expensive, and equipment component is relatively heavier, is not easy to open-air carrying.

The soil surface roughness measurement mechanism that how to provide a kind of high precision to be easy to again field operation is a problem demanding prompt solution.

The utility model content

For addressing the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of system of measuring soil surface roughness, under lowered in field environment and the condition, by adopting the structural light three-dimensional measurement component to obtain each discrete point of sample prescription soil surface in the position of reference frame, then by the horizontal reference panel position of each discrete point of soil surface is proofreaied and correct, and according to the data after proofreading and correct, obtain measured soil surface roughness.

The utility model embodiment provides a kind of system of measuring soil surface roughness, it is characterized in that, comprising: support; The horizontal reference panel is used for covering described sample prescription soil; Structured light projection-image acquisition component, be positioned on the described support, be used for gathering on target sampled point on the described sample prescription soil and the described horizontal reference panel coordinate parameters information with described target sampled point respective point, and with on the target sampled point on the described sample prescription soil and the described horizontal reference panel with the coordinate parameters communication of described target sampled point respective point to central processing unit; Central processing unit, be electrically connected with structured light projection-image acquisition component, be used for according on the target sampled point on the described sample prescription soil and the described horizontal reference panel with the coordinate parameters information of described target sampled point respective point, coordinate parameters to the target sampled point on the sample prescription soil is proofreaied and correct, and according to the coordinate parameters of the target sampled point on the sample prescription soil after proofreading and correct, obtain measured soil surface roughness.

By structured light testee is carried out three-dimensional measurement, obtain the three dimensional local information of each discrete point of testee, and by collecting the structure light image after the modulation, to this image carry out structure light coding, the decoding calculate testee discretization of half-space surface each point in the position of reference frame, and then obtain measured soil surface roughness, can realize simply, calculate fast and accurately the roughness of soil surface.

Wherein, structured light projection-image acquisition component comprises structured light projecting unit and the image acquisition sensor that is electrically connected successively.

By structured light testee is carried out three-dimensional measurement, obtain the three dimensional local information of each discrete point of testee, and by collecting the structure light image after the modulation, to this image carry out structure light coding, the decoding calculate testee discretization of half-space surface each point in the position of reference frame, and then obtain measured soil surface roughness, can realize simply, calculate fast and accurately the roughness of soil surface.

Wherein, also comprise: the compass compass that is used for adjusting described structured light projecting unit institute throw light direction.

Adjust described structured light projecting unit institute throw light direction by the compass compass, thereby make the data of acquisition be convenient to calculate, improved efficient and accuracy rate.

Wherein, also comprise: the level meter that is used for adjusting described structured light projecting unit institute throw light angle.

Adjust described structured light projecting unit institute throw light angle by level meter, thereby make the data of acquisition be convenient to calculate, improved efficient and accuracy rate.

Wherein, also comprise: memory storage, be connected with described central processing unit, be used on target sampled point on the described sample prescription soil that storage receives and the described horizontal reference panel coordinate parameters information with described target sampled point respective point.

Be convenient to store a large amount of view data, improve the computing power of system.

Description of drawings

The structural representation of a kind of soil surface roughness measuring system that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model embodiment.

Embodiment

The utility model embodiment provides a kind of soil surface roughness measuring system, and below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is described in detail to the utility model.Referring to Fig. 1, comprise: structured light projection-image acquisition component 1, level meter 2, be positioned at structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 towards the place, the back side on earth's surface, be used for adjusting the structured light projection exit facet of structured light projection-image acquisition component and the angle of image acquisition sensor cover, with the structured light of structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 projection exit facet and image acquisition sensor cover towards soil surface, and parallel with surface level, compass compass 3, can be located on structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 towards the place, the back side on earth's surface with level meter 2 one, or be positioned at arbitrary position of support 4, be used for adjusting the direction of structured light projection-image acquisition component institute throw light.Structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 is positioned on the support 4, and support 4 can be tripod, is used for mount fixing structure light projection-image acquisition component, compass compass, level meter and adjustable horizontal reference panel etc.

This system also is included as the power supply 5 of structured light projection-image acquisition component power supply, and structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 is connected with power supply 5 by power lead 6, and power supply 5 can be 12V (volt) power supply.

Structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 comprises structured light projecting unit, image acquisition sensor and the information transmission interface that is electrically connected successively, the transmission interface of structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 is connected with central processing unit by data line, perhaps be connected with memory storage 8 by data line, memory storage 8 is electrically connected with central processing unit 9.

This system also comprises horizontal reference panel 10, and it is independent adjustable, is used for determining the datum water level of sample prescription soil.In this example, can throw by structured light-image acquisition component 1 is by to the sampled point of sample prescription soil and the coordinate parameters that is positioned at each corresponding with these sampled points on the horizontal reference panel 10 on sample prescription soil point, determines the level reference of the sample prescription soil that will measure.The level reference that passes through to determine is proofreaied and correct the coordinate parameters of the sampled point of the sample prescription soil that gathers.The coordinate parameters of the sampled point by the sample prescription soil after proofreading and correct can obtain the soil surface roughness of the sample prescription soil that will measure.

In this example, structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 projects structured light on the sample prescription soil that will measure by the structured light projecting unit, gather structured light by the image acquisition sensor and project the image that reflects on the sample prescription soil that to measure, projective structure light coverage rate is normally greater than the sample prescription face, and therefore energy all standing sample prescription soil is surperficial; The structured light that the image acquisition sensor reflects with the form collection of multirow and multiple row usually, therefore structured light projection-image acquisition component can collect the coordinate parameters of a plurality of dispersive target points on the sample prescription soil simultaneously, and this coordinate parameters is to adopt structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 predefined reference frame.The angle and direction of the structured light that can throw by level meter 2 and/or 3 pairs of structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 of compass compass is adjusted.

In this example, collect the coordinate parameters information of a plurality of impact points on the sample prescription soil by structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 after, horizontal reference panel 10 is covered measured sample prescription soil, collect the coordinate parameters information of each point on the horizontal reference panel 10 corresponding with the coordinate parameters information of a plurality of impact points on the sample prescription soil by structured light projection-image acquisition component 1.

Structured light projection-image acquisition component 1 is with the coordinate parameters information of each point on the coordinate parameters that collects a plurality of impact points on the sample prescription soil that gathers and the horizontal reference panel 10 corresponding with the coordinate parameters information of a plurality of impact points on the sample prescription soil, be transferred in the memory storage 8 by information transmission interface, central processing unit 9 obtains above-mentioned coordinate parameters information from memory storage 8, coordinate parameters to a plurality of impact points on the sample prescription soil is proofreaied and correct, and the coordinate parameters of a plurality of impact points is with respect to the coordinate parameters information of each point on the horizontal reference panel 10 on the sample prescription soil that has obtained to measure.

With respect to the coordinate parameters information of each point on the horizontal reference panel 10, the soil surface elevation of the sample prescription soil that acquisition will be measured specifically is calculated as follows central processing unit 9 according to a plurality of impact points on the sample prescription soil that calculates:

At first calculate the relative level elevation of surperficial each point, formula is as follows:

H _ij＝S _ij-D _ij (1)

H wherein _IjBe the relative altitude that the capable j of i is listed as native surface point, S _IjFor native surface is the height of the capable j row of i impact point, D _IjHeight for the capable j row of horizontal panel i point.

Then calculate the horizontal elevation of the relative minimum point of each point

h _ij＝H _ij-h _min (2)

H wherein _IjBe the elevation that the capable j of i is listed as the relative minimum point of native surface point, h _MinBe minimum point elevation in the soil surface.

The roughness of general soil can be represented by root-mean-square height and auto-correlation length, can calculate by the relative level elevation of surperficial each point or the horizontal elevation of the relative minimum point of each point.

Central processing unit 9 with respect to the coordinate parameters information of each point on the horizontal reference panel 10, obtains the soil surface roughness of the sample prescription soil that will measure according to a plurality of impact points on the sample prescription soil that calculates.

The soil surface height is as follows from mean square root high computational:

$r=\sqrt{\frac{1}{\mathrm{mn}-1}\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{(h_{\mathrm{ij}}-\stackrel{\‾}{h})}^2}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein:

$\stackrel{\‾}{h}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{mn}}\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_{\mathrm{ij}}---\left(4\right)$

M, n are line number and the columns that measures,

Be surperficial average height.

For the elevation of certain capable 1 j of surperficial i, the tolerance of the similarity of the elevation that the elevation that j is ordered and j+l are ordered is autocorrelation function.Its normalized autocorrelation functions is as follows

$l(i,j)=\underset{j=1}{\overset{N+1-l}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(h_j\·h_{j+l})/\underset{j=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_j^2---\left(5\right)$

L (i, j) is related coefficient, and when related coefficient equaled 1/l, l was auto-correlation length.Can extrapolate auto-correlation length according to formula.

Also can adopt this device also can comprise display device, good interactive interface can be provided.

The above only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; for example; the module of difference in functionality can be realized by an integrated chip etc.; all within spirit of the present utility model and principle; any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a system of measuring soil surface roughness is characterized in that, comprising:

Support;

The horizontal reference panel is used for cover quadrat soil;

Structured light projection-image acquisition component is positioned on the described support, is used for gathering on target sampled point on the described sample prescription soil and the described horizontal reference panel coordinate parameters information with described target sampled point respective point, and is transferred to central processing unit;

Central processing unit, be electrically connected with structured light projection-image acquisition component, be used for according on the target sampled point on the described sample prescription soil and the described horizontal reference panel with the coordinate parameters information of described target sampled point respective point, coordinate parameters to the target sampled point on the sample prescription soil is proofreaied and correct, and according to the coordinate parameters of the target sampled point on the sample prescription soil after proofreading and correct, obtain measured soil surface roughness.

2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, structured light projection-image acquisition component comprises structured light projecting unit and the image acquisition sensor that is electrically connected successively.

3. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises: the compass compass is positioned at the top of described structured light projection-image acquisition component.

4. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises: level meter is positioned at the top of described structured light projection-image acquisition component.

5. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:

Memory storage is connected with described central processing unit, is used on target sampled point on the described sample prescription soil that storage receives and the described horizontal reference panel coordinate parameters information with described target sampled point respective point.

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