CN102588548A - Mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear automatic transmission - Google Patents
Mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear automatic transmission Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear automatic transmission, which comprises a transmission box, a drive shaft, a gear-down drive mechanism and a mechanical intelligent adaptive variable-speed assembly, wherein the drive shaft is used for outputting power and arranged in the transmission box to be in running fit with the transmission box, and the mechanical intelligent adaptive variable-speed assembly is arranged on the drive shaft and comprises an outer torus axial taper sleeve, an inner torus axial taper sleeve and a variable-speed elastic component. The transmission has all the advantages of an existing cam adaptive automatic transmission, and adopts a spiral cam pair drive structure to further reduce the radial dimension of the mechanism so that the size of the transmission is reduced, and the service life of the transmission is greatly prolonged. The spiral structure is stable in drive and even in stress and has incomparable stability and smoothness, so that operating efficiency is further improved. Besides, the mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear automatic transmission has better energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects and is capable of effectively controlling vehicle emission and more applicable to pure electric vehicles and tricycles, and power performance, economy and driving safety and comfortableness of vehicles can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle transmission, particularly a kind of mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device.
Background technique
In the existing technology; Tricycle or automobile all are directly to control closure or Current Control speed through manual or accelerator pedal basically; The operation of driver is depended in the operation of handle or accelerator pedal fully; Usually can cause operation and garage's situation not to match, the stall phenomenon appears in causes motor or motor fluctuation of service.
Motor Vehicle by rider under the situation of not knowing running resistance; The speed change gear that only rule of thumb controls; Have following problem unavoidably: 1. when startup, upward slope and heavy load, because running resistance increases, force motor or engine speed to descend in the work of poor efficiency district.2. owing to do not have mechanical transmission adjustment moment of torsion and speed, can only promote the use of, can not satisfy under mountain area, hills and the heavy load conditions and use, dwindle using scope in the plains region; 3. driving wheel place installing space is little, has installed to be difficult to hold automatic transmission and other new technology behind motor or the motor again; 4. do not possess adaptive function, can not detect, revise and get rid of driver's error in operation automatically; 5. change when unexpected in the speed of a motor vehicle, must cause motor or engine power and running resistance to be difficult to coupling.6. continuing, distance is short, grade ability is poor, and accommodation is little.
Particularly the problems referred to above cause the power consumption of pure electro-tricycle or electric vehicle bigger, and charging back operating range is not ideal enough.
In order to overcome the above problems; The application inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device; Utilize the running resistance driving cam, reach automaitc shfit and, have effect preferably according to the purpose of running resistance Adaptive matching speed of a motor vehicle output torque; Though aforesaid cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device has above-mentioned advantage, stability and high efficiency improve a lot than existing technology, and the part component structural is comparatively complicated; The speed changer volume is bigger; Simultaneously, owing to adopted a plurality of cam structures, stability is still not ideal enough; Though on working life, increase,, still have room for improvement working life according to structural analysis than existing technology.
Therefore, need a kind of above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device to be improved, not only can self adaption do not cut off with the change in resistance of going carry out automatically under the situation of driving force shifted; Solve the little problem that can not satisfy road use under the complex conditions of motor torque-rotation speed change, stationarity is good, further increases work efficiency; Has better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects; And reduce volume, and further improve working life, be applicable to that more roadsters such as electric three-wheel or electric vehicle use.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device, not only can self adaption do not cut off and carry out shiftedly under the situation of driving force automatically, solve that motor torque-rotation speed change is little can not to satisfy the problem that road uses under the complex conditions with the change in resistance of going; Stationarity is good; Further increase work efficiency, have better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, and reduce volume; And further improve working life, be applicable to that more roadsters such as electric three-wheel or electric vehicle use.
Mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device of the present invention; Comprise mission case and transmission shaft; Said transmission shaft outputs power and is arranged in the mission case and is rotatably assorted with it, also comprises slow shelves driving mechanism and is arranged on the mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly on the transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
Power is by the axial inner conical drogue input of cirque body, and circle is the axial conical surface in the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body, and the axial external conical sleeve cylindrical of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the mode that the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within the axial external conical sleeve excircle of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body is coated at transmission shaft and interior circle is provided with the internal spiral cam, and transmission shaft is provided with the external spiral cam that matches with the internal spiral cam and forms the spiral cam pair;
The speed change elastic element applies the pretightening force of the inner conical surface applying transmission that makes its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; When said transmission shaft power was exported, the spiral prominence wheel set applied the axial thrust load opposite with the elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body;
Said slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is exported between sense of rotation and the outer ring at the power of transmission shaft and is surmounted; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body cooperates with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device through the intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft, is passed to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body through the slow shelves of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant power by the inner ring of free wheel device between the axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body.
Further, said free wheel device is the spring-piece type free wheel device, comprises roller and retainer, is formed for the engaging groove that meshes or separate with roller between the outer ring of free wheel device and the inner ring; Said retainer comprises support plate, supporting post and reed; Said supporting post is corresponding one by one with roller; Said support plate is arranged at supporting post and between support plate and supporting post outer surface, forms slot in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said reed is provided with the embedding part that embeds slot, and reed extends slot and along the engagement direction of engaging groove roller applied pretightening force, and said slot is provided with reed owing to roller applied the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable that pretightening force produces;
Further, said embedding part is provided with pressure-bearing portion, and said support plate is provided with pressure-bearing portion applied and makes embedding part embed the pressure of slot and limit embedding part from pressing portion that slot is deviate from;
Further, said pressure-bearing portion is formed in one in embedding part and outward extending elastic piece structure, and pressure-bearing portion forms the pressure-bearing section to the bending of pressing portion, and pressing portion forms superimposed in pressure-bearing section outer surface and pressing section that the pressure-bearing section is exerted pressure to the bending of pressure-bearing portion;
Further; Said intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft, is arranged at first slow grade of gear and second slow grade of gear that slow shelves jack shaft cooperates with its transmission; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body be provided with external toothing and with first slow grade of meshed transmission gear, the outer ring engagement driving of second slow grade of gear and free wheel device;
Further; Said speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring that is coated at transmission shaft; The inner ring of said speed change butterfly spring and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; Speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft through being slidingly matched speed change packing ring withstands axial external conical sleeve one axial end portion of cirque body, and another axial end portion of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body cooperates through the end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring of free wheel device;
Further, said speed change butterfly spring is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned at the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body right side; The expansion direction of the internal spiral cam of the axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body and the external spiral cam of transmission shaft is opposite with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right; The axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body is provided with end cam respectively and intermeshes through end cam that to form slow shelves cam-engaged secondary; The end cam line of contact expansion direction of the inner ring of free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body is identical with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right;
Further; The gear frame input of power through cooperating with the axial inner conical drogue transmission of cirque body; Said gear frame left end is supported in mission case through first annular bearing with rolling contact; Right-hand member is fixedly connected on the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body at circumferencial direction, and the axial inner conical drogue cylindrical of cirque body is supported in mission case through second annular bearing with rolling contact, in the cavity of said speed change butterfly spring between gear frame and transmission shaft cylindrical;
Further, the shaft part outer round surface that is rotatably assorted of the inner ring of said transmission shaft and free wheel device is provided with oil groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device of the present invention; Whole advantages with existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device; If can detect driving torque-rotating speed and running resistance-GES according to running resistance; Make motor or engine output and traveling state of vehicle be in the optimum Match state all the time; Realize the Balance Control of vehicle traction moment and comprehensive running resistance, self adaption is carried out shifted with the change in resistance of going automatically under the situation of not cutting off driving force; Can satisfy under mountain area, hills and the heavy load conditions and use, it is mild that motor or engine load are changed, and motor vehicle operate steadily, and improve Security;
Simultaneously, the present invention adopts the drive mechanism of spiral prominence wheel set, thereby further the radial dimension of reducing mechanism reduces volume, and working life, tool improved a lot; And the helix structure stable drive, stressed evenly have unrivaled stability and smoothness, further increases work efficiency; Directly output power through differential mechanism; Reduce Transmitted chains; Have better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, bigger control vehicular discharge is applicable to that lighter pure electro-tricycle and pure electric automobile use; Prolong running time and operating range, improve power character, Economy, drive safety and the travelling comfort of vehicle greatly.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is an axial section structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the axial external conical sleeve structure schematic representation of cirque body;
Fig. 3 is the inner ring structural representation of free wheel device;
Fig. 4 is the free wheel device structural representation;
Fig. 5 is that supporting post, support plate and reed cooperate schematic representation;
Fig. 6 is the reed structure schematic representation;
Fig. 7 is the axial broken section structural representation of free wheel device.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is an axial section structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the axial external conical sleeve structure schematic representation of cirque body, and Fig. 3 is the inner ring structural representation of free wheel device, and Fig. 4 is the free wheel device structural representation; Fig. 5 is that supporting post, support plate and reed cooperate schematic representation; Fig. 6 is the reed structure schematic representation; Fig. 7 is the axial broken section structural representation of free wheel device; As shown in the figure: the mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device of present embodiment, comprise mission case 3 and transmission shaft, said transmission shaft 1 outputs power and is arranged in the mission case and is rotatably assorted with it; As shown in the figure, transmission shaft 1 two ends are rotatably assorted through annular bearing with rolling contact 5 and annular bearing with rolling contact 13 respectively and are supported in mission case; Also comprise slow shelves driving mechanism and be arranged on the mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly on the transmission shaft 1;
Mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body 14, the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
Power can adopt any power plant of existing technology by the input of the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body, and such as motor or motor etc., it is multiple that the power input mode has, such as coaxial input vertically or through gear pair transmission input etc.; Circle is the axial conical surface in the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body; Axial external conical sleeve 14 cylindricals of cirque body are the axial conical surface; The mode that the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within axial external conical sleeve 14 excircles of cirque body, cooperates transmission through the tapered sleeve structure, and inner conical surface and male cone (strobilus masculinus) one of at least need have certain roughness; Belong to those skilled in the art and can know, repeat no more at this according to this record; The axial external conical sleeve 14 of said cirque body is coated at transmission shaft 1 and interior circle is provided with internal spiral cam 14a, and transmission shaft 1 is provided with the external spiral cam 1a that matches with internal spiral cam 14a and forms the spiral prominence wheel set; The spiral prominence wheel set is the worm structure that cooperatively interacts; When the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body rotates; Through the spiral prominence wheel set transmission shaft 1 is produced axially and two component of circumferencial direction; Wherein circumferencial direction component drives transmission shaft 1 and rotates also outputting power, and axial thrust load is offset by the mounting structure of transmission shaft 1, and its reaction force acts is in the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body and put on the speed change elastic element;
The speed change elastic element applies the pretightening force of the inner conical surface applying transmission that makes its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body to the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; When said transmission shaft 1 power was exported, the spiral prominence wheel set applied the axial thrust load opposite with the elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; That is to say; The rotation direction of the spiral cam of spiral prominence wheel set is relevant with the power of transmission shaft output sense of rotation, and those skilled in the art are according to above-mentioned record, under the prerequisite of learning transmission shaft power outbound course; Can learn the rotation direction of spiral cam, repeat no more at this;
Said slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring 31 of said free wheel device is exported between sense of rotation and the outer ring 15 at the power of transmission shaft 1 and is surmounted; The axial inner conical drogue 17 of said cirque body cooperates with outer ring 15 transmissions of free wheel device through the intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring 31 of said free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft 1; Be passed to the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body through the slow shelves of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant power by the inner ring 31 of free wheel device between the axial external conical sleeve 14 of the inner ring 31 of said free wheel device and cirque body; Should slow shelves cam-engaged pair can be intermeshing end cam, also can be spiral cam or the like; The intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other reducing transmission structures, and this intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism can guarantee that rotating speed that the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is passed to the outer ring 15 of free wheel device is lower than the rotating speed of the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body.
In the present embodiment, said free wheel device is the spring-piece type free wheel device, comprises roller 30 and retainer, is formed for the engaging groove that meshes or separate with roller between the outer ring 15 of free wheel device and the inner ring 31; Said retainer comprises support plate 27, supporting post 28 and reed 29; Said supporting post 28 is corresponding one by one with roller 30; Said support plate 27 is arranged at supporting post 28 and between support plate 27 and supporting post 28 outer surfaces, forms slot 26 in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said reed 29 is provided with the embedding part 29a that embeds slot 26; Reed 29 extends slot 26 and along the engagement direction of engaging groove roller 30 is applied pretightening force, and said slot 26 is provided with reed 29 owing to roller 30 applied the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable that pretightening force produces; The free wheel device of this structure is avoided on outer ring 15, directly processing position limit socket, simplifies course of working, increases work efficiency; Cut down finished cost, guarantee processing and assembly precision, and be different from the structure of concentrating immovable point in the existing technology; Do not adopt the fixed structure of spot welding, the consequence that metallographic structure changes can not take place, eliminated since the engagement of free wheel device with to separate the stress that the elasticity of spring leaf distortion causes concentrated; And make reed 29 have freedom of movement preferably; Thereby can improve the consequently service life of whole free wheel device of reed 29, reed can reach the resiliently deformable that has pretightening force more than 5,000,000 times, reduces greatly and uses and maintenance cost; Associated components of the present invention damages the back and changes easily, and outer ring 15 does not need integral body to scrap, and reduces maintenance and user cost; Owing to adopt the retainer structure beyond the outer ring 15; The axial length that can theory unlimited prolongs free wheel device and roller 30, the increase length of action that is to say; Can increase the axial length of free wheel device according to the load-bearing needs; Thereby increase the bearing capacity of free wheel device, and reduce to prolong the working life of free wheel device than the free wheel device radial dimension under the high bearing capacity; Simultaneously; Because reed is for distribute vertically; Thereby can carry out multiple spot to roller as required and apply pretightening force, guarantee than major axis spacing balance to roller under the prerequisite of size, make it not depart from parallel with inner ring axis; Thereby guarantee the stable operation of free wheel device, avoid mechanical failure;
As shown in the figure; Said support plate 27 is along circumferentially being wrapped in supporting post 28 and setting and hold pretightening force tightly; The cross section of said supporting post 28 is circumferentially non-circular in relative rotation for limiting support plate 27, forms slot 26 between a side of support plate 27 and supporting post 28 1 side surfaces; The cross section of supporting post 28 adopts polymorphic structure, and support plate 27 can limit it along circumferentially rotating after being wrapped in supporting post 28, and is simple in structure; Enforcement, easy accessibility utilize non-circular structure to limit the circumferential movement of support plate 27, form comparatively stable slot 26 structures; For the installation of reed 29 provides condition; Do not need other mechanical fixed structure, avoid guaranteeing its working life because structures such as spot welding form the mechanical force to reed; As shown in the figure, the polymorphic structure of supporting post 28 cross sections for constituting by circular arc and straight line, and support plate 27 is wrapped in the polymorphic structure periphery, makes it not have condition in relative rotation.
In the present embodiment, said embedding part 29a is provided with the 29b of pressure-bearing portion, and said support plate 27 is provided with the 29a of pressure-bearing portion applied and makes embedding part 29a embed the pressure of slot 26 and limit embedding part 29a from the 27a of pressing portion that slot is deviate from; Guarantee when avoiding embedding part 29a to deviate from that reed 29 has degrees of freedom swing preferably, prolongs its working life.
In the present embodiment; The said pressure-bearing 29b of portion is formed in one in embedding part 29a and outward extending elastic piece structure; The 29b of pressure-bearing portion forms pressure-bearing section 29c to the 27a of pressing portion bending, and the 27a of pressing portion forms superimposed in pressure-bearing section 29c outer surface and pressing section 27b that pressure-bearing section 29c is exerted pressure to the 29b of pressure-bearing portion bending; This pressure makes embedding part be embedded in slot 26, forms to stablize embedded structure; As shown in the figure, the rounding off structure is adopted in bending, avoids stress to concentrate; Directly slip into through external force during installation and the pressure-bearing section is superimposed in the pressing section, utilize pressure-bearing section self elasticity to form insertion force, simple in structure; Easy for installation, can't produce bigger distortion and stress and concentrate.
As shown in the figure; Said retainer also comprises pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24; Said pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 15 axial two ends, 24 apportion outer rings and with outer ring 15 in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said supporting post 4 two ends correspondence respectively are supported in pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24, supporting post 28 at self circumferencial direction and pushing out ring I 32 or/and pushing out ring II 24 secure fit; After the assembling, pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24 can pass through screw, riveted fixing in the outer ring 15, also can be fixed in outer ring 15 to its axial limiting through other parts; As shown in the figure, supporting post 28 is parallel to roller 30; Engaging groove engagement direction is the direction that engaging groove shoals gradually, the direction that the engagement space of engaging groove and inner ring 31 cylindricals formation just narrows down gradually; The elasticity of reed 29 enough avoids roller oppositely to mesh when free wheel device surmounts; As shown in the figure; Said supporting post 28 axial ends form flat axle and penetrate the structure of the flat hole of pushing out ring I 32 with formation circumferencial direction secure fit through flat axle correspondence; Simple in structure, realize easily, and owing to form the shaft shoulder between flat axle and supporting post 28 bodies; Thereby better positioning effect is arranged, be beneficial to assembling and keep running state preferably; The supporting post 28 axial the other ends pass the circular hole on the pushing out ring II 24, and the end that supporting post passes the circular hole on the pushing out ring II forms conical head, and the conehead structure has adaptability preferably, is beneficial to penetrate assembling, increases work efficiency.
Said pushing out ring I 32 all processes sliding bearing structure with pushing out ring II 24; As shown in the figure; 15 axial two ends, said outer ring form deep gouge (deep gouge 15a as shown in the figure and deep gouge 15b) respectively; The radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b) at 15 axial two ends, said outer ring is arranged at circle in the corresponding deep gouge cell wall respectively; Said pushing out ring I 32 and the corresponding respectively deep gouge that embeds of pushing out ring II 24; Pushing out ring I 32 is respectively equipped with pushing out ring II 24 and is used for the corresponding radial protrusion (radial protrusion 32a and radial protrusion 24a) that embeds radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b); The radial protrusion (radial protrusion 32a and radial protrusion 24a) of pushing out ring I 32 and pushing out ring II 24 and corresponding radial groove (radial groove 15a and radial groove 15b) over against, push vertically and get final product; It is stable with assembling between outer ring 15 and inner ring 31, to form the compact structure that supports and be beneficial to the maintenance retainer, can not disturb because of external force to come off; Simultaneously, be beneficial to stable operation between outer ring and the inner ring.
In the present embodiment; Said intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft 18, is arranged at first slow grade of gear 20 and second slow grade of gear 19 that slow shelves jack shaft 18 cooperates with its transmission; As shown in the figure, slow shelves jack shaft 18 is rotatably assorted in mission case 3 through annular bearing with rolling contact 22 and annular bearing with rolling contact 16; The axial inner conical drogue 17 of said cirque body be provided with external toothing 10 and with first slow grade of gear, 20 engagement driving, outer ring 15 engagement driving of second slow grade of gear 19 and free wheel device; Simple and compact for structure, realize slow grade transmission of power.
In the present embodiment; Said speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring 8 that is coated at transmission shaft 1; The inner ring 31 of said speed change butterfly spring 8 and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; Speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft 1 through being slidingly matched speed change packing ring 21 withstands axial external conical sleeve 14 1 axial end portions of cirque body, and axial external conical sleeve 14 another axial end portions of cirque body cooperate through the end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring 31 of free wheel device; Simple in structure, arrangement space is little, utilizes the transfer route reasonable Arrangement parts of power, makes the present invention more be applicable to the use of less space.
In the present embodiment, said speed change butterfly spring 8 is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned at the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body 14 right sides; The expansion direction of the external spiral cam 1a of the internal spiral cam 14a of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of said cirque body and transmission shaft 1 is opposite with transmission shaft 1 power output sense of rotation from left to right; As shown in the figure, be provided with plane rolling bearing 9 between axial external conical sleeve 14 left ends of speed change packing ring 21 and cirque body, to reduce friction; The inner ring 31 of said free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body are provided with end cam respectively and intermesh through end cam that to form slow shelves cam-engaged secondary; The end cam line of contact expansion direction of the inner ring 31 of free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body is identical with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right; As shown in the figure, the end cam 31a of the inner ring 31 of free wheel device cooperates between the end cam 14b of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, end cam 14b and end cam 31a that to form end cam secondary, is used for transmission; As shown in the figure, inner ring 31 right-hand members of free wheel device are provided with plane bearing 11 through plane bearing 12 axial limitings between axial inner conical drogue 17 right-hand members of left end and cirque body, realize more stable axial limiting.
In the present embodiment, gear frame 25 inputs of power through cooperating with axial inner conical drogue 17 transmissions of cirque body, as shown in the figure, gear frame 25 is provided with input external gear 2; Said gear frame 25 left ends are supported in mission case 3 through first annular bearing with rolling contact 7; Right-hand member is fixedly connected on the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body at circumferencial direction; Axial inner conical drogue 17 cylindricals of cirque body are supported in mission case 3 through second annular bearing with rolling contact 23, in the cavity of said speed change butterfly spring 8 between gear frame 25 and transmission shaft 1 cylindrical; Simple and compact for structure, integrity is strong, reduces the radial dimension of speed changer greatly; The shaft part outer round surface that the inner ring 31 of said transmission shaft 1 and free wheel device is rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove 6, and high lubricating effect is rotated smooth and easyly, is beneficial to and reduces to rub energy saving.
Above embodiment is an optimum structure of the present invention, is not the qualification to protection domain of the present invention; Such as, some technical characteristicss of the transmission fit system of each parts and annexation or the like all can be made corresponding change, and do not influence the realization of this goal of the invention.
The fast shelves power transmission line of present embodiment:
External spiral cam 1a → transmission shaft 1 → differential mechanism 27 of the internal spiral cam 14a → transmission shaft 1 of the axial external conical sleeve of the axial external conical sleeve 14 → cirque body of the axial inner conical drogue 17 → cirque body of power input → cirque body;
This moment, free wheel device surmounted, and the resistance transfer route: the axial external conical sleeve 14 of internal spiral cam 14a → cirque body of the axial external conical sleeve of external spiral cam 1a → cirque body of transmission shaft 1 → transmission shaft 1 → compression speed change butterfly spring 8; The external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft through transmission shaft 1 applies axial force and compresses speed change butterfly spring 8 the internal spiral cam 14a and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; When running resistance is increased to one regularly; This axial force speed change butterfly spring 8; The axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body is separated with the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body, and power is through following route transmission, promptly slow shelves power transmission line:
External spiral cam 1a → transmission shaft 1 → differential mechanism 27 of the internal spiral cam 14a → transmission shaft 1 of outer ring 15 → free wheel device inner ring 31 of 17 → the first slow grades of gears of the axial inner conical drogue of power input → cirque body 20 → 18 → the second slow grades of gear 19 → free wheel devicees of slow shelves jack shaft → axial external conical sleeve of the slow shelves axial external conical sleeve 14 → cirque body of cam-engaged pair → cirque body.
Slow shelves power transmission line also passes through following route simultaneously: the axial external conical sleeve 14 of slow shelves cam-engaged pair → cirque body → compression speed change butterfly spring 8; Prevent to occur in the slow grade transmission process compression speed change butterfly spring 8 toward compound compression, thereby prevent axial external conical sleeve 14 applyings of axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and cirque body.
There is above-mentioned transfer route to find out; The present invention is when operation, and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the inner conical surface of the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body fits tightly under 8 effects of speed change butterfly spring, forms an automatic transmission that keeps certain pressure; And can adjust the required pressure of clutches engaged through the axial thickness that increases speed change packing ring 21; Reach the transmission purpose, at this moment, power input drives the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body 17, the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body; Transmission shaft 1 is clockwise rotated, thereby differential mechanism 27 is rotated counterclockwise; Slow shelves free wheel device was in and surmounted state this moment.
Resistance is greater than driving force during motor vehicle starting, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to rotate counterclockwise several angle, under the effect of the external spiral cam 1a of transmission shaft 1, and the axial external conical sleeve 14 compression speed change butterfly springs 8 of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body separates with the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body; Synchronously; The engagement of slow shelves free wheel device; The drive motor rotor drives that the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body 17, first slow grade of gear 20, slow shelves jack shaft 18, second slow grade of gear 19, the outer ring 15 of free wheel device, inner ring 31, slow shelves cam-engaged are secondary, the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body 14, transmission shaft 1, makes differential mechanism 27 with slow shelves speed transmission; Therefore, realize the bottom gear starting automatically, shortened the starting time, reduced starting force.Meanwhile, speed change butterfly spring 8 absorbs movement resistor moment energy, holds potential energy fully for recovering fast shelves gear transferring power.
After starting successfully; Running resistance reduces; When component is reduced to less than the pressure that speed change butterfly spring 8 produced; Discharge promotion rapidly down because of the compression of passive movement resistance produces speed change butterfly spring 8 pressure, accomplish the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of the axial external conical sleeve 14 of cirque body and the inner conical surface of the axial inner conical drogue 17 of cirque body and recover the state that fits tightly, a slow grade free wheel device is in and surmounts state.
In the running process,, under the situation that need not cut off driving force, realize shift, make whole locomotive operation steady along with the variation automaitc shfit principle of resistance to motion is the same, safe and low consumption, and also transfer route is oversimplified the raising transmission efficiency.
Explanation is at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technological scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement technological scheme of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit and the scope of technological scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device; Comprise mission case and transmission shaft; Said transmission shaft outputs power and is arranged in the mission case and is rotatably assorted with it, it is characterized in that: also comprise slow shelves driving mechanism and be arranged on the mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly on the transmission shaft;
Mechanical intelligence adaptive rate assembly comprises the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body and speed change elastic element;
Power is by the axial inner conical drogue input of cirque body, and circle is the axial conical surface in the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body, and the axial external conical sleeve cylindrical of cirque body is the axial conical surface, and the mode that the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body is worked in coordination with the conical surface is enclosed within the axial external conical sleeve excircle of cirque body; The axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body is coated at transmission shaft and interior circle is provided with the internal spiral cam, and transmission shaft is provided with the external spiral cam that matches with the internal spiral cam and forms the spiral cam pair;
The speed change elastic element applies the pretightening force of the inner conical surface applying transmission that makes its male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; When said transmission shaft power was exported, the spiral prominence wheel set applied the axial thrust load opposite with the elastic element pretightening force to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body;
Said slow shelves driving mechanism comprises free wheel device and intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is exported between sense of rotation and the outer ring at the power of transmission shaft and is surmounted; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body cooperates with the outer ring transmission of free wheel device through the intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism; The inner ring of said free wheel device is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft, is passed to the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body through the slow shelves of slow shelves cam-engaged adjutant power by the inner ring of free wheel device between the axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body.
2. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said free wheel device is the spring-piece type free wheel device; Comprise roller and retainer, be formed for the engaging groove that meshes or separate with roller between the outer ring of free wheel device and the inner ring; Said retainer comprises support plate, supporting post and reed; Said supporting post is corresponding one by one with roller; Said support plate is arranged at supporting post and between support plate and supporting post outer surface, forms slot in the circumferencial direction secure fit; Said reed is provided with the embedding part that embeds slot, and reed extends slot and along the engagement direction of engaging groove roller applied pretightening force, and said slot is provided with reed owing to roller applied the distortion allowance of resiliently deformable that pretightening force produces.
3. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said embedding part is provided with pressure-bearing portion, and said support plate is provided with pressure-bearing portion applied and makes embedding part embed the pressure of slot and limit embedding part from pressing portion that slot is deviate from.
4. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: said pressure-bearing portion is formed in one in embedding part and outward extending elastic piece structure; Pressure-bearing portion forms the pressure-bearing section to pressing portion bending, and pressing portion forms superimposed in pressure-bearing section outer surface and pressing section that the pressure-bearing section is exerted pressure to the bending of pressure-bearing portion.
5. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said intermediate reduction gear driving mechanism comprises slow shelves jack shaft, is arranged at first slow grade of gear and second slow grade of gear that slow shelves jack shaft cooperates with its transmission; The axial inner conical drogue of said cirque body be provided with external toothing and with first slow grade of meshed transmission gear, the outer ring engagement driving of second slow grade of gear and free wheel device.
6. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said speed change elastic element is the speed change butterfly spring that is coated at transmission shaft; The inner ring of said speed change butterfly spring and free wheel device is respectively in the axial both sides of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body; Speed change butterfly spring is coated at transmission shaft through being slidingly matched speed change packing ring withstands axial external conical sleeve one axial end portion of cirque body, and another axial end portion of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body cooperates through the end cam auxiliary driving with the inner ring of free wheel device.
7. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: said speed change butterfly spring is arranged on the left side of the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body, and free wheel device is positioned at the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body right side; The expansion direction of the internal spiral cam of the axial external conical sleeve of said cirque body and the external spiral cam of transmission shaft is opposite with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right; The axial external conical sleeve of the inner ring of said free wheel device and cirque body is provided with end cam respectively and intermeshes through end cam that to form slow shelves cam-engaged secondary; The end cam line of contact expansion direction of the inner ring of free wheel device and the axial external conical sleeve of cirque body is identical with transmission shaft power output sense of rotation from left to right.
8. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: the gear frame input of power through cooperating with the axial inner conical drogue transmission of cirque body; Said gear frame left end is supported in mission case through first annular bearing with rolling contact; Right-hand member is fixedly connected on the axial inner conical drogue of cirque body at circumferencial direction; The axial inner conical drogue cylindrical of cirque body is supported in mission case through second annular bearing with rolling contact, in the cavity of said speed change butterfly spring between gear frame and transmission shaft cylindrical.
9. mechanical intelligence self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the shaft part outer round surface that the inner ring of said transmission shaft and free wheel device is rotatably assorted is provided with oil groove.
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| CN201210019013.4A CN102588548B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device |
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| CN201210019013.4A CN102588548B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Mechanical intelligent self adaption two-shift automatic variable speed device |
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| CN102588548B CN102588548B (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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| CN103615511A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2014-03-05 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | Multi-cam self-adaptive multi-gear automatic transmission main shaft |
| CN105864425A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-17 | 立马车业集团有限公司 | Force transmission structure |
| CN107725693A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-23 | 张家港川梭车业有限公司 | One kind two keeps off variable speed drive |
| CN110985563A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-10 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch device with one-way transmission function |
| CN111075851A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-28 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch |
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| CN101792006A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2010-08-04 | 西南大学 | Hub type manual-automatic integrated intelligent self-adaptive transmission sensing electrically-driven automatic transmission |
| CN102287459A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2011-12-21 | 西南大学 | Heavy-duty overrunning clutch |
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| CN103615511A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2014-03-05 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | Multi-cam self-adaptive multi-gear automatic transmission main shaft |
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| CN110985563A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-10 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch device with one-way transmission function |
| CN111075851A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-28 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch |
| CN111075892A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-28 | 西南大学 | Intelligent self-adaptive automatic transmission |
| CN110985563B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-12-03 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch device with one-way transmission function |
| CN111075851B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-12-03 | 西南大学 | Self-adaptive multi-plate sequencing large-torque friction clutch |
| CN111075892B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-10-11 | 西南大学 | Intelligent self-adaptive automatic transmission |
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