CN102579606B - Anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation and a preparation method thereof. The anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation mainly comprises the following components: giant knotweed, notoginseng, rhubarb and halofuginone. The anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation has the characteristics that the anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation not only can quickly inhibit and kill coccidia oocysts, but also effectively stops bleeding, quickly repairs the intestinal impaired mucosa, effectively prevents the coccidiosis from recurring, and does not affect the feed-meat ratio of poultry; meanwhile, the solution form is adopted, and the anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation can be evenly dispersed in water, so that the anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation is convenient to take, waste is reduced, the dose is ensured, the bioavailability is improved, and a drinker is not blocked.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to veterinary drug field, particularly the agent of a kind of new medicine anticoccidial solution and compound method thereof.
Background technology
Chicken coccidiosis is the parasitic disease that the serious harm aviculture caused by Eimeria (Eimeria) is produced.The Eimeria parasitized in chicken intestinal has 7 kinds, is Eimeria tenella (E.tenella), heap-type Eimeria (E.acervulina), Eimeria Necatrix (E.necatrix), Eimeria maxima (E.maxima), Eimeria mitis (E.mitis), E.brunetti (E.brinetti) and precocious Eimeria (E.praecox) respectively.Various coccidiosis is different at the entozoic position of chicken digestive tract, Eimeria tenella parasitizes caecum, heap-type Eimeria parasitizes duodenum, and Eimeria maxima and Eimeria Necatrix parasitize small intestinal, and E.brunetti parasitizes small intestinal hypomere and rectum.
Chicken coccidiosis Distribution Area is extensive, and the place of nearly all poultry, has chicken coccidiosis to occur.According to the literature, the sickness rate of whole world chicken coccidiosis is up to 50% ~ 70%.The economic loss that the whole world causes because of chicken coccidiosis is every year more than 2,000,000,000 dollars.In China because environmental benefits is in the existence of coccidian oocyst and propagation, more serious to the harm of poultry husbandry.Coccidiostat is in the market main mainly with chemical medicine, exist when usually there is treatment coccidiosis DeGrain, medication cycle long, effectively can not treat and have blood in stool, treat and terminate the recurrence of rear coccidiosis or treatments period has a strong impact on the shortcomings such as feedstuff-meat ratio.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution preparation and preparation method thereof, effectively prevent and treat chicken coccidiosis.
One aspect of the present invention relates to the prescription providing the agent of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution, comprises the mixed extract of the three taste prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs such as Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, halofuginone hydrobromide, antiseptic, surfactant and antioxidant.
Described principal agent halofuginone hydrobromide consumption is 1.0 ~ 5.0% (W/V).
Described principal agent Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati (decoction pieces) consumption is 10 ~ 50% (W/V).
Described principal agent Radix Notoginseng (decoction pieces) consumption is 10 ~ 50% (W/V).
Described principal agent Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei (decoction pieces) consumption is 10 ~ 50% (W/V).
Antioxidant in described pharmaceutic adjuvant includes but not limited to one or the combination of anhydrous sodium sulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium pyrosulfite, sodium sulfite, and consumption is 0.1 ~ 2.5% (W/V).
Antiseptic in described pharmaceutic adjuvant include but not limited to phenol, 1021, potassium sorbate, one in sodium benzoate
Or combination, consumption is 0.1 ~ 2.5% (W/V).
Surfactant in described pharmaceutic adjuvant is Tween 80.
The present invention relates to the preparation method providing the agent of a kind of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution on the other hand, and it comprises the following steps:
1, take Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei three kinds of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs, mixing, decocts with water three times, and first time adds 4 times of soak by water 3 hours, and second time adds 3 times of soak by water 2 hours.Third time adds 2 times of soak by water 1 hour, filter, the filtrate merging of extracting three times stirs, be concentrated into sucrose solution pulpous state, when being cooled to 80 DEG C, add 95% ethanol of 3 times amount while stirring, place cooling 24 hours, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol is extremely without ethanol taste, 10% lead acetate is added till no longer producing precipitation in filtrate, firmly stir, coldly put filtration in 24 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid solution is added to pH value 2-3 with deleading in filtrate, stir, placement is spent the night, filter, in filtrate, add sodium hydroxide regulate pH to 5-7, add tween 80, inject water to 70% of total amount again, stir, filter, obtain A liquid.
2, after adding halofuginone hydrobromide, antioxidant and antiseptic successively in A liquid, stir and heating for dissolving, be settled to 100% (V/V) by purified water.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The various problems often occurred when the present invention is directed to treatment coccidiosis, by consulting amount of literature data and continuous Test Summary, manufacture experimently the agent of anticoccidial By Chinese Medicines, its effective ingredient extracts from Chinese medicine, the present composition and pure Chinese medicine intestinal mucosa reparative factor conbined usage, brand-new Chinese prescription, while not only suppressing rapidly to kill coccidiosis ovum, can effectively stop blooding, the impaired mucosa of quick reparation intestinal, play the object of rapid cure diseases, effectively prevent coccidiosis from recurring, have no side effect, do not affect feedstuff-meat ratio, adopt the dosage form of oral solution simultaneously, can be dispersed in water and can have to facilitating, cut the waste, guarantee dosage, improve bioavailability, do not block up the advantages such as water fountain.
Halofuginone hydrobromide (Halofuginone), for birds anticoccidiosis medicine, is off-white powder, and odorless is tasteless, good stability, and long-term drug effect of preserving does not subtract.Halofuginone hydrobromide is the derivant of the orixine (Febrifugine) extracted from China Chinese medicine Radix Dichroae, and molecular formula is C
16h
17brClN
3o
3hBr, the structural formula of halofuginone hydrobromide is as figure, and research finds, halofuginone hydrobromide has obvious inhibitory action to coccidiosis zygoblast, 1st generation schizont and 2nd generation schizont, make early lesion not continue development, make intestinal keep normal absorption function, thus good guarantee effect is played to animal weightening finish.Halofuginone hydrobromide is inhibited to multiple coccidiosis, and especially tender to chicken, murder by poisoning eimeria tenella, huge eimeria tenella, E.acervulina, Bu Shi eimeria tenella sensitivity, even namely the feed-concentration of 1 ~ 2mgkg has good effect.Halofuginone hydrobromide major advantage is that toxic and side effects is little, without cross resistance, (1989) investigate the U.S. and use speed pellet over 3 years to the effect of eimeria tenella, they use halofuginone hydrobromide, monensin, Salinomycin and nicarbazine are tested, result halofuginone hydrobromide and nicarbazine are improving pathological changes index, reduce case fatality rate, improve the aspects such as broiler growth and be all better than polyethers medicine, halofuginone hydrobromide is a kind of high-efficiency broad-spectrum insect medicine, 3mg/kg halofuginone hydrobromide can kill 6 kinds of main eimeria tenellas of broiler, i.e. Eimeria Tenella, poison eimeria tenella, huge eimeria tenella, E.acervulina, displacement eimeria tenella and Podbielniak eimeria tenella.Edgar etc. (1979) 3mg/kg halofuginone hydrobromide is tested Cobb chicken in 3 ~ 4.5 week age, observe the indexs such as weightening finish after infecting, sickness rate, case fatality rate, feces index, pathological changes index and the worm's ovum number after infecting during 4d or 5d, result shows, halofuginone hydrobromide to 6 kinds of eimeria tenellas all effectively (P≤0.01), and without rebound phenomenon after drug withdrawal, illustrate that this insecticidal action of halofuginone hydrobromide is irreversible.Folz etc. (1988) halofuginone hydrobromide (3mg/kg), not can mould (120mg/kg), lasalocid (125mg/kg), horse Du mould (5mg/kg) and Salinomycin (66mg/kg) broiler is tested, fruit to show in 5 kinds of medicines that halofuginone hydrobromide is to Eimeria Tenella, E. maxima, poison eimeria tenella, Podbielniak eimeria tenella and eimeria-type reactor have the most significant effect.Mirrison etc. (1979) point out, 3mg/kg halofuginone hydrobromide, can improve anticoccidial index significantly, seemingly the most effective anticoccidial product.The mechanism of action of halofuginone hydrobromide is that first generation schizont and second filial generation schizont can play killing effect to 3 stages in coccidiosis growth phase and zygoblast.McQuistion etc. (1981) have studied the effect peak value of halofuginone hydrobromide, and 3mg/kg halofuginone hydrobromide was brought into use from 0 day, 1d drug withdrawal after infecting, and insecticidal effect is fine; After infecting, 3d starts medication, and halofuginone hydrobromide is also fully effective; 4 ~ 7d medication after infecting, then part effectively.This shows, halofuginone hydrobromide is comparatively large to the sphere of action of coccidiosis biocycle, thus has the anticoccidial effect of absolute advantages.This 3 stages effect effect of halofuginone hydrobromide, makes intestinal escape injury and reaches the optimum efficiency drained without egg capsule.
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei: there is local hemostasis, the effect of anti-inflammatory analgetic;
Radix Notoginseng: this product nature and flavor are sweet, micro-hardship, temperature.Effect, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, hemostasis and pain-relieving, obvious for gastrointestinal tract mucous haemostatic effect,
Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati: have antibacterial, calm, protect the liver, function of gallbladder promoting and protection cardiac muscle, regulate gastrointestinal function, there is obvious haemostatic effect and paroxysmal pain effect, simultaneously can promote the effects such as epithelial growth.
With the addition of the extracting solution of the three taste prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs such as Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Notoginseng, Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati in this coccidiostat, with halofuginone hydrobromide conbined usage, effectively while treatment coccidiosis, repair the impaired mucosa of intestinal fast, prevention is had blood in stool, can also prevent and treat the generation of bacterial disease.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
The prescription of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution agent:
Amounts of components
Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati (decoction pieces) 100g
Radix Notoginseng (decoction pieces) 100g
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei (decoction pieces) 100g
Halofuginone hydrobromide 10.0g
Anhydrous sodium sulfite 1.0g
Sodium benzoate 1.0g
Tween 80 10ml
95% appropriate amount of ethanol
Purified water adds to 1000ml
The compound method of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution agent:
(1) take the mixture of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei three kinds of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs, first time adds 1200ml soak by water and filters for 3 hours.Second time adds 900ml and decocts filtration in 2 hours.Third time, total dose added 600ml soak by water 1 hour, filter and stir the filtrate merging that three times are extracted, be concentrated into sucrose solution pulpous state, when being cooled to 80 DEG C, add 95% ethanol of 3 times amount while stirring, place cooling 24 hours, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol is extremely without ethanol taste, 10% lead acetate is added till no longer producing precipitation in filtrate, firmly stir, coldly put filtration in 24 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid solution is added to pH value 2-3 with deleading in filtrate, stir, placement is spent the night, filter, in filtrate, add sodium hydroxide regulate PH to 5-7, add 1ml tween 80, inject water to 70ml again to stir, filter, obtain A liquid.
(2) in A liquid, add halofuginone hydrobromide, anhydrous sodium sulfite, sodium benzoate successively, stir and heating for dissolving.1000ml is dissolved to by purified water.
Embodiment 2:
The prescription of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution agent:
Amounts of components
Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati (decoction pieces) 300g
Radix Notoginseng (decoction pieces) 300g
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei (decoction pieces) 300g
Halofuginone hydrobromide 30.0g
Anhydrous sodium sulfite 15.0g
Sodium benzoate 15.0g
Tween 80 10ml
95% appropriate amount of ethanol
Purified water adds to 1000ml
The compound method of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution agent:
(1) take the mixture of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei three kinds of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs, first time, total dose added the filtration in 3 hours of 3600ml soak by water.Second time adds 2700ml and decocts filtration in 2 hours.Third time adds 1800ml and decocts 1 hour, filter and stir the filtrate merging that three times are extracted, be concentrated into sucrose solution pulpous state, when being cooled to 80 DEG C, add 95% ethanol of 3 times amount while stirring, place cooling 24 hours, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol is extremely without ethanol taste, 10% lead acetate is added till no longer producing precipitation in filtrate, firmly stir, coldly put filtration in 24 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid solution is added to pH value 2-3 with deleading in filtrate, stir, placement is spent the night, filter, in filtrate, add sodium hydroxide regulate PH to 5-7, add 1ml tween 80, inject water to 70ml again to stir, filter, obtain A liquid.
(2) in A liquid, add halofuginone hydrobromide, anhydrous sodium sulfite, sodium benzoate successively, stir and heating for dissolving.1000ml is dissolved to by purified water.
Embodiment 3:
The prescription of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution agent:
Amounts of components
Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati (decoction pieces) 500g
Radix Notoginseng (decoction pieces) 500g
Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei (decoction pieces) 500g
Halofuginone hydrobromide 50.0g
Anhydrous sodium sulfite 25.0g
Sodium benzoate 25.0g
Tween 80 10ml
95% appropriate amount of ethanol
Purified water adds to 1000ml
The compound method of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type anticoccidial solution agent:
(1) take the mixture of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei three kinds of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs, first time, total dose added the filtration in 3 hours of 4 times of soak by water.The total dose of second time adds 3 times of soak by water and filters for 2 hours.Third time, total dose added 2 times of soak by water 1 hour, filter and stir the filtrate merging that three times are extracted, be concentrated into sucrose solution pulpous state, when being cooled to 80 DEG C, add 95% ethanol of 3 times amount while stirring, place cooling 24 hours, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol is extremely without ethanol taste, 10% lead acetate is added till no longer producing precipitation in filtrate, firmly stir, coldly put filtration in 24 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid solution is added to pH value 2-3 with deleading in filtrate, stir, placement is spent the night, filter, in filtrate, add sodium hydroxide regulate PH to 5-7, add 1ml tween 80, inject water to 70ml again to stir, filter, obtain A liquid.
(2) in A liquid, add halofuginone hydrobromide, anhydrous sodium sulfite, sodium benzoate successively, stir and heating for dissolving.100% (V/V) is dissolved to by purified water
Embodiment 4
For confirming the drug effect of Traditional-Chinese-medicine-type coccidiostat, carry out Curative effect test.
One, materials and methods
1, for reagent thing
6% deccox pre-mixing agent, the horse degree mycin ammonium salt solution agent of 0.5% diclazuril+2.5%; 25% sulfadiazine+5% trimethoprim suspension, the embodiment of the present invention 3 medicine.
2, for examination chicken
Application AA broiler chicken baby chick 1200, raises to for subsequent use during 14 age in days, not containing any coccidiostat in feedstuff, drinks clean tap water under non-ball worm environment.
3, for examination coccidian oocyst
Tender, the heap-type that parasitology teaching and research room of College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University preserves, murder by poisoning and the strain of Eimeria maxima mixing worm, bred through chicken body on-test before, rejuvenation.
4, test grouping and process
Above-mentioned 1200 14 ages in days are divided into 6 groups at random for examination chicken, often organize 200 for 1st ~ 6 groups.Except the 1st group, all the other respectively organize every chicken peroral infection mixing Sporulated coccidian oocyst 150000.Duration of test, observes the incidence of chicken every day, record hemafecia and death toll etc.After artificial challenge the 7th day, collect the feces often organizing chicken and carry out a gram feces egg capsule counting; 8th day, each component another name weighed and all slaughters, the weightening finish of record test chicken and caecum lesion situation.
Application method and grouping details are as following table:
Test grouping and medication
5, curative effect determinate standard infects rear Continuous Observation 7 days, records list of items.
(1) Gain weight is weighed by group respectively when 14 ages in days, 21 age in days, calculates each group of average weight gain and body weight increase rate.
Body weight increase rate: (medication group or the average weight gain ÷ infecting not administration group do not infect the average weight gain of not administration group) × 100
(2) observation of symptoms and hemafecia are scored and are comprised spirit, hair color, appetite and feces etc.After infecting the 5th day, observe the feces of discharging in each group of chicken 24 hours, carry out hemafecia by Morehouse and Baron (1977) 5 grades of marking systems and score.
(3) dead chicken number respectively organized in death condition record, cuts open inspection and determine the cause of the death, calculates mortality rate and survival rate.
(4) inspection pathological changes and caecum egg capsule counting is cutd open
In latter 7th day of infection, often group slaughtered 5, cutd open inspection and observed caecum lesion, score, and be converted into pathological changes value by lesion score × 10 by Johnson and Reid (1970) 5 points of systems.And calculate egg sac number contained by often pair of caecum, then be converted into egg capsule value according to table 2.
The conversion of egg sac number and egg capsule value
(5) anticoccidial index=(body weight increase rate+survival rate) × 100-(pathological changes value+egg capsule value)
Anticoccidial index > is efficient anticoccidial drug; Anticoccidial index 160 ~ 180 is middle effect anticoccidial drug; Anticoccidial index 120 ~ 160 is poor efficiency anticoccidial drug; Anticoccidial index < is invalid anticoccidial drug.
Two, results and analysis: it is as shown in the table for each group result of the test.
| Experiment grouping | Chicken number | The relative weight gain | Survival rate | Pathological changes value | Egg sac number | Egg capsule ratio | ACI |
| 1 | 200 | 100％ | 100％ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| 2 | 200 | 82％ | 73％ | 30 | 7.6 | 40 | 85 |
| 3 | 200 | 90％ | 92％ | 0 | 0.12 | 1 | 181 |
| 4 | 200 | 89％ | 93％ | 10 | 0.15 | 1 | 171 |
| 5 | 200 | 86％ | 90％ | 10 | 0.23 | 1 | 165 |
| 6 | 200 | 102％ | 100％ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 202 |
Interpretation of result:
1, after artificial challenge the 5th day, the 2nd group (positive controls) and the 5th group (25% sulfadiazine+5% trimethoprim suspension) chicken group spirit is depressed, hair disorderly, discharge brownish red hemafecia successively, be designated as+4 ,+3 points respectively; Respectively organize the chicken mental status well for 3rd group and the 4th group, diet wish is without significant change, and hemafecia is discharged.The 6th group of chicken mental status is good, and diet wish is without significant change, and hemafecia is discharged, and this application Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention, compared with the anticoccidial of other routines, can suppress coccidiosis in body fast, effectively prevent hemafecia from occurring.
2, in weightening finish, except positive controls, all the other respectively do not organize chicken the relative weight gain not etc., wherein the 3rd, 4 and 5 group of body weight increase rate be respectively 90.0%, 89.0%g and 86%, the body weight increase rate of the 6th group is 102% have good gaining effect.
When 3, cuing open inspection, except negative control, the 6th group of caecum is without any pathological changes, and discharge without egg capsule, the 3rd, 4,5 group of positive controls chicken presents slight caecum lesion and bleeding, average lesion, still has a small amount of coccidian oocyst in cecal content; This illustrates that the 3rd, 4,5 group of coccidiostat can not the discharge of effective infection control chicken coccidial oocyst, effectively can not treat the hemafecia phenomenon that coccidium infection causes.The medicine of the 6th group is not only while suppressing worm's ovum fast; effectively can also prevent hemafecia; protect intestinal mucosa, avoid intestinal mucosa impaired; in the price of deed; 6th group the price of deed will far away higher than other groups; even a little higher than negative control group, illustrates, Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention does not affect feedstuff-meat ratio when treating chicken coccidiosis.
4, except positive controls, 3rd group of anticoccidial index is higher than 180, belong to efficient coccidiostat, embody good coccidiostat activity, the anticoccidial index of the 4th, 5 group is between 160 ~ 180, middle effect anticoccidial drug, wherein best is the 6th group, and its anticoccidial index can up to 202, and Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention can be reached by drinking water administration and even be better than same anticoccidial levels, effectively can kill coccidian oocyst, reach efficient anticoccidial effect.
Claims (1)
1. an Anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicine preparation, is characterized in that the prescription of described Chinese medicine preparation is:
Compound method is:
(1) Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati is taken, Radix Notoginseng, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei three kinds of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs, mixing, first time, total dose added the filtration in 3 hours of 4 times of soak by water, the total dose of second time adds 3 times of soak by water and filters for 2 hours, third time, total dose added 2 times of soak by water 1 hour, filter, the filtrate merging of extracting three times stirs, be concentrated into syrupy shape, when being cooled to 80 DEG C, add 95% ethanol of 3 times amount while stirring, place cooling 24 hours, filter, filtrate recycling ethanol is extremely without ethanol taste, 10% lead acetate is added till no longer producing precipitation in filtrate, firmly stir, coldly put filtration in 24 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid solution is added to pH value 2-3 with deleading in filtrate, stir, placement is spent the night, filter, in filtrate, add sodium hydroxide regulate PH to 5-7, add 1ml tween 80, inject water to 70ml again to stir, filter, obtain A liquid,
(2) in A liquid, add halofuginone hydrobromide, anhydrous sodium sulfite, sodium benzoate successively, stir and heating for dissolving, be settled to 1000ml by purified water.
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