CN102573954A - 医用生物安全自动一次性注射器 - Google Patents

医用生物安全自动一次性注射器 Download PDF

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CN102573954A
CN102573954A CN2010800465437A CN201080046543A CN102573954A CN 102573954 A CN102573954 A CN 102573954A CN 2010800465437 A CN2010800465437 A CN 2010800465437A CN 201080046543 A CN201080046543 A CN 201080046543A CN 102573954 A CN102573954 A CN 102573954A
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CN102573954B (zh
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路易斯·恩里克·普韦达·埃斯特巴
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3234Fully automatic needle retraction, i.e. in which triggering of the needle does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3202Devices for protection of the needle before use, e.g. caps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3213Caps placed axially onto the needle, e.g. equipped with finger protection guards
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/508Means for preventing re-use by disrupting the piston seal, e.g. by puncturing

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种安全注射器,其包括具有一对翼(11)和尖端(12)的空心的圆筒(1),并容纳有:注射机构(3)、活塞(2)以及具有针头(31)、弹簧(32)和隔膜(33)的注射机构(3)。所述活塞(2)在其下部具有锯齿冠(21),其中存在有仅通过所述针头(31)的内部点冲破的腔室密封件(22),所述活塞(2)的端部具有下部盘(24)和将所述活塞(2)稳定在所述圆筒(1)内的上部盘(25)。在所述圆筒(1)周围有防止意外注射的保护漏斗(13)。所述活塞包括保证空腔的气密性的盖(26)。

Description

医用生物安全自动一次性注射器
医用生物安全自动一次性注射器。
发明目的
本发明除了包含与现有技术当前状态相反的新型机构的激活系统之外,还包含安全注射器,该安全注射器可以使临时使用者、医护人员、病人及全部环境获得安全的注射系统,在将针头引入罩内时能防止传染。
背景技术
目前,保健中心内使用的注射器或针头被认为是不安全的,因为它们不具有防止暴露的医护及卫生人员的被血液传染病传染的任何保护系统,这样可能发生不想要的注射。因此,主要在医院和诊所频繁发生由于尖锐物体对医护人员造成的事故,在带来诸如乙肝和丙肝或者HIV等严重传染病时上述情况十分令人担心。
另外,考虑到被传染上传染性疾病的可能性,在对病人进行治疗时遭受注射的高风险会对医护人员产生个人压力。意外注射了被病毒感染的流体除了机构的高经济和法律上的负担外,还可能导致病假、病人的暂时性残疾、甚至精神恍惚直至确定是否已经被感染。
因此,有必要在全部这些保健中心中以及为普通公众创建并实现生物安全材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的包含高安全注射器,其包括圆筒,所述圆筒用作注射剂的存储器并且易于操作员使用;活塞,其安装在所述圆筒的内部且在所述圆筒内滑动,向外部拖拉注射剂,并保证完全的密封性;由针头、弹簧、隔膜以及另外的保护漏斗构成的机构。
因此,所述圆筒为其内部活塞的置换提供了基础,它的主要功能是用作注射剂的存储器并且帮助进行使用。所述圆筒包括装有针头机构、弹簧和隔膜的尖端。所述圆筒的尖端是鲁尔结构中心(Luer hub),在该尖端处可以结合任何常规针头,从而使该设计能够用作传统一次性注射器。所述圆筒上部附近具有一对翼,这对翼构成操作者的支座并且使操作者能够将所述圆筒稳定在手中。
所述活塞在所述圆筒内部滑动从而将注射剂向外部拖拉并保证完全的密封性。关键点之一是它的锋利冠,该锋利冠可以弄破隔膜从而随意地激活所述机构。一旦所述针头机构被激活,它便被装在接收腔内。腔室密封件利用薄膜使活塞的下部闭合,该薄膜不会让注射剂进入接收腔并且每次激活所述机构时仅用针头的内部尖端来使其破裂。安全下部盘直接与注射剂接触,拖拉注射剂,一旦注射剂到达路径的末端,上述下部盘便嵌入在圆筒的底部,由此避免再次拔出活塞,这是又一个安全措施。安全上部盘将活塞稳定在圆筒内部并且当活塞被推至圆筒底部时,安全上部盘与下部盘共同将活塞锁定在延伸管处。顶盖保证了空腔的气密性。
如上所述的机构包括与标准皮下注射器相同但没有彩色塑料桶的针头。在所述针头上加有塑料隔膜。所述针头还具有弹簧,其作用是会被压缩并且承受着具有隔膜的针头的负载,一旦所述机构被激活该弹簧便释放它的能量。所述隔膜是由塑料制成的,该塑料用于能被随意激活的半自动机构的场合,或者是由药用明胶或水溶性塑料制成的,该药用明胶或水溶性塑料用于全自动机构。
本发明的注射器具有保护漏斗,其设置在所述圆筒的下部并且包围着所述尖端,从而保护医护人员免遭意外注射。所述保护漏斗包括罩,该罩通过使针头保持在保护器中作为免遭意外注射的保护部分,该罩内部适当设计成适于任何鲁尔结构中心。所述保护漏斗还具有保护器,它通过鲁尔通用系统将针头主体最终压力锁定。
附图说明
为了完成说明并且出于帮助更好地理解本发明的特征的目的,根据本发明实际实施方案的优选实施例,将示出具有描述性的特性且不受限制的一组附图作为所述说明的完整部分,如下面所示:
图1示出了本发明的注射器组件的截面图;
图2示出了本发明的注射器的活塞(2)的图;
图3示出了注射机构(3)及其部件隔膜(33)、针头(31)和弹簧(32)的布置的图;
图4示出了本发明的注射器的圆筒(1)的图;
图5示出了活塞(2)的下部的细节图,其中能够观察到腔室密封件(22)的布置;
图6示出了本发明的注射器组件的下部的细节图。
本发明的优选实施方案
本发明包含安全注射器,其包括圆筒(1)、在所述圆筒(1)内部滑动的活塞(2)以及注射机构(3)和保护漏斗(13)。
所述空心的圆筒(1)用作注射剂的存储器并且在其上部具有一对翼(11)。在这些翼(11)上有延伸管(14),该延伸管(14)是活塞(2)被固定的区域,使得所述活塞(2)完全穿入圆筒(1)中。圆筒(1)在下部具有安装了注射机构(3)的尖端(12),并且所述圆筒(1)的尖端被设计成适于任何标准鲁尔型针头。所述圆筒(1)的特性在于它在底部处具有包围注射机构(3)的防止意外注射的保护漏斗(13),它包括设计成适于任何市售注射器的罩和保护器,其中所述针头的主体被最终压力锁定。
保护漏斗(13)能够由塑料、水溶性塑料、乳胶、橡胶中的一种材料制造而成,或者由多种材料混合制成。
活塞(2)在圆筒(1)内部滑动从而将注射剂向外部拖拉并保证密封性。活塞(2)在其下部具有锯齿冠(21),这样当向隔膜(33)施压时该锯齿冠(21)会冲破隔膜(33)并激活机构,还存在仅通过针头(31)的内部点冲破的腔室密封件(22),每次激活机构时腔室密封件(22)都能防止注射剂进入接收腔(23)。在活塞(2)的各端部中有保护盘(24、25),其中下部盘(24)拖拉注射剂并嵌入在圆筒(1)的底部,而上部盘(25)将活塞(2)稳定在圆筒(1)内。另外,活塞(2)具有保证空腔的气密性的盖(26)。
注射机构(3)包括标准针头(31)、弹簧(32)和隔膜(33)。隔膜(33)能由塑料制成的,以用于能被随意激活的半自动机构,并且隔膜能由药用明胶或水溶性塑料制成,以用于一旦注射剂被使用时能被非故意激活的自动机构,所述自动机构能完成激活时间的程序。

Claims (7)

1.一种医用生物安全自动一次性注射器,其包括:
空心的圆筒(1),其用作注射剂的存储器,并且具有:在设有延伸管(14)的上部上的一对翼(11),在所述延伸管中固定有活塞(2),所述活塞完全穿入所述圆筒(1)中;和安装了注射机构(3)的尖端(12),,并且所述圆筒(1)的所述尖端被设计成适于任何标准针头;
活塞(2),其在所述圆筒(1)内部滑动从而向外部拖拉所述注射剂并保证密封性;
注射机构(3),其具有标准针头(31)、弹簧(32)和隔膜(33)
其特征在于,所述活塞(2)在其下部具有锯齿冠(21),以当向所述隔膜(33)施压时所述锯齿冠冲破所述隔膜并激活所述机构,并且存在仅通过所述针头(31)的内部点冲破的腔室密封件(22),假若所述机构被激活则所述腔室密封件能够防止所述注射剂进入接收腔(23),所述活塞(2)的端部有拖拉所述注射剂并嵌入在所述圆筒(1)底部的下部盘(24),以及将所述活塞(2)稳定在所述圆筒(1)内并被固定在所述延伸管上的上部盘(25)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的医用生物安全自动一次性注射器,其特征在于,在所述圆筒(1)的尖端周围有防止意外注射的保护漏斗(13),所述保护漏斗包括设计成适于任何市售注射器的罩、和保护器,其中所述针头主体被最终压力锁定。
3.根据权利要求2所述的医用生物安全自动一次性注射器,其特征在于,所述保护漏斗(13)能够由塑料、水溶性塑料、乳胶、橡胶中的一种材料制造而成,或者由多种材料混合制成。
4.根据前述权利要求所述的医用生物安全自动一次性注射器,其特征在于,所述活塞(2)具有保证空腔的气密性的盖(26)。
5.根据前述权利要求所述的医用生物安全自动一次性注射器,其特征在于,所述隔膜(33)是由塑料制成的,以用于能被随意激活的半自动机构。
6.根据权利要求1-4所述的医用生物安全自动一次性注射器,其特征在于,所述隔膜(33)是由药用明胶制成的,以用于一旦使用所述注射剂时能被非故意激活的自动机构。
7.根据权利要求1-4所述的医用生物安全自动一次性注射器,其特征在于,所述安全性隔膜(33)是由水溶性塑料制成的,以用于一旦使用所述注射剂时能被非故意激活的自动机构。
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AU2010283650A1 (en) 2012-04-05
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BR112012003220B8 (pt) 2021-06-22

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