CN102566597A - Photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control method and control system thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control method and control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control method. The method comprises the following steps that: a photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system is constructed; multiple sets of radiation intensity values in rainy and snowy weather and light intensity fluctuation values in cloudy weather are selected as well as mean values of the radiation intensity values and the light intensity fluctuation values are calculated; the weather situation is divided into three kinds: sunny weather, cloudy weather, and snowy and rainy weather; a visible tracking method and a photovoltaic tracking method are used to respectively determine theoretical positions of the sun and tracking angles; the two tracking angels are distributed to carry out weighting to obtain weighting coefficients as well as a weighting tracking angle is calculated; an environment monitoring module is used to collect information of environmental temperatures, wind power and wind directions and classification is carried out; a correction angle is selected and is added to the weighting tracking angle, so that a drive angle is obtained; and a photovoltaic cell is driven to make rotation. Besides, the invention also relates to a photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system comprising a weather monitoring module, a fuzzy integration evaluation tracking monitoring sun orientation module, an environment monitoring module, an intelligent adaptive tracking control module, and a motor drive control module. According to the invention, advantages of precise monitoring, less power consumption, high power generation efficiency and long service life of a driving mechanism are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method and control system.
Background technology
Solar energy power generating be in the world today in the renewable energy source domain cleaning, reality, one of generation mode of the prospect of large-scale developing and utilizing is arranged most.The generated energy of photovoltaic cell square formation is relevant with the incident angle of sunshine in the photovoltaic generation, and generated energy is maximum when incident angle is 0 °.The photovoltaic generating automatic tracking control technology be exactly through to photovoltaic cell square formation plane towards control, regulate incident angle, to promote the efficient of electricity generation system, reduce the photovoltaic generation cost.At present, the tracking and monitoring mode that adopts of photovoltaic generating automatic tracking control technology mainly contains to look and day follows the tracks of and two kinds of photoelectric trackings.Describedly look day to follow the tracks of be exactly according to the position of the sun moving law calculating sun on daytime on high; And drive the photovoltaic cell square formation and follow the tracks of according to the result; This tracking mode is a kind of tracking mode of open loop; Be easy to generate error when calculating sun angle, and can not in time adjust after producing error, tracking accuracy is poor; Described photoelectric tracking is carried out real-time follow-up by the photoelectric monitor circuit to the sun exactly; This tracking mode is a kind of tracking mode of closed loop, can constantly revise the tracking orientation, but this tracking is often because the perhaps situation of error tracking appears not following the tracks of in weather problems; Particularly under cloudy weather; The photovoltaic cell square formation is advanced to follow the tracks of cloud layer edge bright spot, and the motor to-and-fro movement has caused the additional wear of energy dissipation and parts.All having certain limitation owing to look day to follow the tracks of with photoelectric tracking, so have the people to propose to look daily motion and photoelectric tracking combines, is main with photoelectric tracking, and it is auxilliary looking daily motion.Common way is to choose an electric signal threshold value as the standard of judging; During weather conditions such as, cloudy day cloudy when running into, light intensity is little, and the electric signal that produces on the photosensitive tube can be lower than preset threshold; System chooses automatically looks a day tracking mode, uses photoelectric tracking after weather takes a turn for the better.Yet the very difficult threshold value of confirming a science can't accurately be followed the tracks of.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention will solve provides a kind of photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method and control system of having taken all factors into consideration weather, environment, economy, with guarantee monitoring accurately, power consumption less, high, the driving mechanism long service life of generating efficiency.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method, its special character is that concrete steps are following:
1) makes up photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system; Described photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system is by the weather monitoring module; The fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module that is connected with the weather monitoring module; With fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module JA(junction ambient) monitoring modular; With the intelligent adaptive tracking Control module that weather monitoring module, environment monitoring module are connected respectively, the motor-driven control module that is connected with intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is formed;
2) choose the many group radiation intensity value u of local spring, summer, autumn and winter under rain, snow weather respectively
SleetAnd the light-intensity variation value λ under the cloudy weather
Cloudy, and calculate its mean value
With
, mean value is imported in the weather monitoring module as benchmark;
3) by the real-time radiation intensity u of weather monitoring module collection, light-intensity variation value λ; And compare with radiation intensity mean value
, light-intensity variation mean value
respectively; Shown in following table, weather conditions are divided into three kinds in fine, cloudy, sleet:
u >;
 | λ <;
 | Fine |
u >;
 | λ ≥
 | Cloudy |
u ≤
 | ? | Sleet |
4) according to the method for looking day tracking and photoelectric tracking by fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module and confirm the theoretical position of the sun respectively, and according to the definite tracking of theoretical position and the photovoltaic cell square formation position angle of the sun;
5) extract radiation intensity and the weather conditions that the weather monitoring module records by fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module; And calculate the magnitude of the meteorological index of sun power by radiation intensity; Magnitude and weather conditions according to the sun power index; Distribute respectively according to looking and day follow the tracks of the tracking angle that calculates with the photoelectric tracking method, and calculate weighting and follow the trail of angle φ with weighting coefficient;
6) gather environment temperature, wind-force, wind direction information by environment monitoring module; And environment temperature is divided into high temperature, two kinds of situation of normal temperature according to whether influencing photovoltaic cell square formation generating efficiency, with wind-force according to whether causing high wind, the two kinds of situation of weak wind of being divided into of damaging to the supporting construction of photovoltaic cell square formation;
7) by the information of relevant weather, environment temperature, wind-force in intelligent adaptive tracking Control module extraction weather monitoring module, the environment monitoring module, obtain correction angle φ ', correction angle φ ' is followed the trail of angle φ addition with weighting, obtain driving angle θ;
8) the motor-driven control module drives the photovoltaic cell square formation according to driving angle θ rotation.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method is after obtaining weighting and following the trail of the angle, according to formula: the energy P that consumes in the energy P-tracing process of net energy Δ P=photovoltaic cell square formation conversion
1, calculate net energy, relatively the energy P of the photovoltaic cell square formation of net energy Δ P and current location conversion
0Size, as the energy P of the photovoltaic cell square formation of net energy Δ P and current location conversion
0Ratio is followed the tracks of during greater than threshold value, otherwise does not follow the tracks of.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method is gathered uniformly not radiation intensity u under the same date different time sleety weather each season 5 ~ 15 times
Sleet, the light-intensity variation value λ under the cloudy weather
Cloudy, gather 5 ~ 10 collection points, interval 2min ~ 10min between per two collection points at every turn.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method, the magnitude of the meteorological index of described sun power is according to the meteorology method solar energy to be divided into seven grades, be respectively very by force, by force, strong partially, medium, weak, weak, very a little less than.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method, described high temperature is the temperature more than 35 ℃.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method, described high wind refer to every photovoltaic cell is produced the wind of the above thrust of 2000N.
The photovoltaic power generation intelligent adaptive tracking control method for a weighting coefficient of the weighted distribution in the table below:? <tables num="0002"> <table > <tgroup cols = "4"> <colspec colname="c001" colwidth="31%" /> <colspec colname="c002" colwidth="13%" /> <colspec colname = "c003" colwidth = "27%" /> <colspec colname="c004" colwidth="27%" /> <tbody > <row > <entry morerows="1"> solar weather index middleweight </entry> <entry morerows="1"> weather conditions </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> as the day tracking weighting factor </entry> <entry morerows="1"> optical tracking weighting factor </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> strong </entry> <entry morerows="1"> clear </entry> <entry morerows = "1" > 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.9 ~ 0.7 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows = " 1 "> Strong </entry> <entry morerows="1"> clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> 0.9 ~ 0.7 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> stronger </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> Clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.2 ~ 0.4 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.8 ~ 0.6 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> stronger </entry> <entry morerows="1"> cloudy </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.6 ~ 0.8 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.4 ~ 0.2 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> Medium </entry> <entry morerows="1"> clear </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> 0.4 ~ 0.6 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.6 ~ 0.4 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows =" 1 "> Medium </entry> <entry morerows="1"> cloudy </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> weaker </entry> <entry morerows="1"> clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.4 ~ 0.6 </entry> <entry morerows = "1 "> 0.6 ~ 0.4 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> weaker </entry> <entry morerows =" 1 "> Clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 1 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> weak </entry> <entry morerows="1"> cloudy </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> 1 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows = " 1 "> Weak </entry> <entry morerows="1"> snow </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 1 </entry> <entry morerows =" 1 "> 0 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> weak </entry> <entry morerows =" 1 "> snow </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 1 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0 </entry> < / row> </tbody> </tgroup> </table> </tables>
Above-mentioned photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method, the computing formula that the angle is followed the trail of in described weighting is φ=(A
1φ
1+ A
2φ
2), wherein, φ
1For calculating tracking angle, φ according to looking day method of tracking
2Follow the trail of angle, A for calculating according to the method for photoelectric tracking
1Be the φ that distributes to
1Weighting coefficient, A
2Be the φ that distributes to
2Weighting coefficient.
Above-mentioned photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method, the system of selection of described correction angle φ ' such as following table:
| The meteorological index magnitude of sun power | Environment temperature | Wind conditions | Correction angle φ ' |
| More than more weak | Normal temperature | Weak wind | 0° |
| More than more weak | Normal temperature | High wind | When wind-force is not impacted the photovoltaic cell square formation, the minimum angles that the photovoltaic cell square formation turns over |
| More than more weak | High temperature | Weak wind | 0.01°～0.5° |
| More than more weak | High temperature | High wind | When wind-force is not impacted the photovoltaic cell square formation, the minimum angles that the photovoltaic cell square formation turns over |
| Below weak | Normal temperature | Weak wind | 0° |
| Below weak | Normal temperature | High wind | Photovoltaic cell goes to the angle-weighting of wind direction parallel position and follows the trail of angle φ |
| Below weak | High temperature | Weak wind | 0.01°～0.5° |
| Below weak | High temperature | High wind | Photovoltaic cell goes to the angle-weighting of wind direction parallel position and follows the trail of angle φ |
A kind of photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system; Comprise the motor-driven control module; Its special character is: it also is provided with the weather monitoring module, and this weather monitoring module is by the radiation intensity sensor, the light-intensity variation sensor; With the analog to digital converter that radiation intensity sensor, light-intensity variation sensor are connected respectively, the weather that is used to compare and measure value and mean value and judge weather in view of the above that is connected with analog to digital converter detects processing unit and constitutes; Described weather monitoring module is connected with fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module; This fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module is by looking a day tracking means; Photoelectronic tracking device calculates the fuzzy comprehensive evoluation detection algorithm processing unit that weighting follows the trail of the angle with being used to of looking a day tracking means, photoelectronic tracking device be connected respectively and forms; Described fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module is connected with intelligent adaptive tracking Control module, and this intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is one and is used for according to light intensity, temperature, wind-force the intelligent adaptive tracking Control processing unit that angle φ revises being followed the trail of in weighting; Described intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is connected with environment monitoring module; This environment monitoring module is by temperature sensor; Wind sensor; Wind transducer, with the analog to digital converter that temperature sensor, wind sensor, wind transducer are connected respectively, the environmental monitoring processing unit composition that is used to distinguish temperature height, wind-force size that is connected with analog to digital converter; Described intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is connected respectively with motor drive module with the weather monitoring module.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: chosen the many groups radiation intensity value u under local many group rain, the snow weather
SleetAnd the light-intensity variation value λ under the cloudy weather
Cloudy, and calculate its mean value as benchmark, and benchmark is chosen rationally, and the result of calculation reliability is high; Detect the solar azimuth module owing to adopted fuzzy overall evaluation to follow the tracks of; Replaced existing accurate threshold value with the fuzzy overall evaluation track algorithm; Be equipped with weighting coefficient with looking the tracking angle that draws of day tracking with photoelectric tracking according to the weather condition branch, and calculate weighting tracking angle, the weighting of confirming thus tracking angle more accurately, rationally; Avoided under cloudy weather adopting photoelectric tracking cloud layer edge bright spot, motor to-and-fro movement and the energy dissipation and the parts additional wear that cause; The angle is followed the trail of in weighting revise with reference to environment temperature, wind-force, wind direction; Reduced the influence of high temperature to photovoltaic cell square formation generating efficiency; Avoided the infringement of high wind, improved generating efficiency, prolonged the serviceable life of photovoltaic cell square formation photovoltaic cell square formation supporting construction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: weather monitoring module 1, radiation intensity sensor 101, light-intensity variation sensor 102, analog to digital converter 103; Weather detects processing unit 104, and fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module 2 is looked day tracking means 201, photoelectronic tracking device 202; Fuzzy comprehensive evoluation detection algorithm processing unit 203, environment monitoring module 3, temperature sensor 301, wind sensor 302; Wind transducer 303, analog to digital converter 304, environmental monitoring processing unit 305; Intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4, intelligent adaptive tracking Control processing unit 401, motor-driven control module 5.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; This photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system comprises motor-driven control module 5, weather monitoring module 1; Described weather monitoring module 1 is by radiation intensity sensor 101; Light-intensity variation sensor 102, with the analog to digital converter 103 that radiation intensity sensor 101, light-intensity variation sensor 102 are connected respectively, the weather that is used to compare and measure value and mean value and judge weather in view of the above that is connected with analog to digital converter 103 detects processing unit 104 and constitutes; On weather monitoring module 1, be connected with fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module 2; Described fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module 2 is by looking day tracking means 201; Photoelectronic tracking device 202 calculates the fuzzy comprehensive evoluation detection algorithm processing unit 203 that weighting follows the trail of the angle with being used to of looking day tracking means 201, photoelectronic tracking device 202 be connected respectively and forms; On fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module 2, be connected with intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4, described intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4 is one and is used for according to light intensity, temperature, wind-force the intelligent adaptive tracking Control processing unit 401 that angle φ revises being followed the trail of in weighting; On intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4, be connected with environment monitoring module 3; Described environment monitoring module 3 is by temperature sensor 301; Wind sensor 302; Wind transducer 303, with the analog to digital converter 304 that temperature sensor 301, wind sensor 302, wind transducer 303 are connected respectively, environmental monitoring processing unit 305 compositions that are used to distinguish temperature height, wind-force size that are connected with analog to digital converter 304; Described intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4 is connected respectively with motor drive module with weather monitoring module 1.
As shown in Figure 2, the concrete steps of this photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method are following:
1) makes up photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system; Described photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system is by weather monitoring module 1; The fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module 2 that is connected with weather monitoring module 1; With fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module 2 JA(junction ambient) monitoring modulars 3; With the intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4 that weather monitoring module 1, environment monitoring module 3 are connected respectively, the motor-driven control module 5 that is connected with intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4 is formed.
2) choose the many groups radiation intensity value u under same date different time rain, the snow weather not of local spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively
SleetAnd the light-intensity variation value λ under the cloudy weather
Cloudy, described light-intensity variation value is the time dependent speed of light intensity, and calculates its mean value
With
, 5 ~ 10 collection points of 5 ~ 15 each collections of uniform collection in each season, interval 2min ~ 10min imports mean value in the weather monitoring module 1 as benchmark between per two collection points.In the present embodiment adopting 10 times, each 8 collection points, between per two collection points at interval 5min be example, obtain under the Lateral Pressure Test in Jinzhou Area rainy weather in summer
Be 7W/m
2, under the cloudy weather
Be 5 W/m
2H, reality is not limited by present embodiment.
3) gather real-time radiation intensity u, light-intensity variation value λ by weather monitoring module 1; And compare with radiation intensity mean value
, light-intensity variation mean value
respectively; Shown in following table, weather conditions are divided into three kinds in fine, cloudy, sleet:
u >;
 | λ <;
 | Fine |
u >;
 | λ ≥
 | Cloudy |
u ≤
 | ? | Sleet |
In the present embodiment, with real-time radiation intensity u=21W/m
2, light-intensity variation value λ=6 W/m
2H is an example, and through relatively knowing, weather conditions in real time are cloudy.
4) follow the tracks of the theoretical position of confirming the sun with the method for photoelectric tracking respectively by fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module 2 day according to looking; And confirm the tracking angle according to the theoretical position of the sun and photovoltaic cell square formation position, described tracking angle equates with the incident angle of current location sunshine.In the present embodiment, to look day definite tracking angle φ of tracking
1=2.4 °, the definite tracking angle φ of photoelectric tracking
2=2.8 ° is example, and reality is not limited by present embodiment.
5) by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to monitor solar azimuth tracking module 2 extraction weather monitoring module 1 measured radiation intensity and weather conditions, the radiation intensity calculated by the magnitude of the solar weather index, the magnitude of the solar weather index is based on the meteorological Learning Methods solar energy is divided into seven levels, namely very strong, strong, strong side, moderate, weak, weak, very weak; according to the magnitude of the solar index and weather conditions, in accordance with the following table are assigned as the day tracking with optical tracking method to calculate the weighted coefficient tracking angle:?
| solar weather index middleweight | weather conditions | depending Day Tracking weighting factor | optical tracking weighting factor |
| strong | clear | 0.1 ~ 0.3 | 0.9 ~ 0.7 |
| strong | Clear | 0.1 ~ 0.3 | 0.9 ~ 0.7 |
| stronger | Clear | 0.2 ~ 0.4 | 0.8 ~ 0.6 |
| stronger | cloudy | 0.6 ~ 0.8 | 0.4 ~ 0.2 |
| Medium | clear | 0.4 ~ 0.6 | 0.6 ~ 0.4 |
| Medium | cloudy | 0.1 ~ 0.3 | 0.1 ~ 0.3 |
| weaker | Clear | 0.4 ~ 0.6 | 0.6 ~ 0.4 |
| weaker | cloudy | 1 | 0 |
| Weak | cloudy | 1 | 0 |
| weak | snow | 1 | 0 |
| weak | snow | 1 | 0 |
And according to formula φ=(A
1φ
1+ A
2φ
2) calculating weighting tracking angle φ, wherein A
1Be the φ that distributes to
1Weighting coefficient, A
2Be the φ that distributes to
2Weighting coefficient.In the present embodiment, for being partially by force example, weather conditions are cloudy, so A with the meteorological index magnitude of sun power
1=0.7, A
2=0.3, calculate weighting according to formula and follow the trail of angle φ=2.52 °.
6) after obtaining weighting tracking angle, the energy P that consumes in the energy P-tracing process according to the conversion of formula net energy Δ P=photovoltaic cell square formation
1, calculate net energy, calculate the energy P of the photovoltaic cell square formation conversion of net energy Δ P and current location
0Ratio, when ratio is followed the tracks of during greater than threshold value, otherwise do not follow the tracks of, described threshold value is 1～1.2, threshold value equals 1 in the present embodiment.In the present embodiment; Energy with every photovoltaic cell conversion is the energy of every photovoltaic cell mean consumption 2.1W in 230W, the tracing process; The energy of current photovoltaic cell conversion is 227..7W; So net energy is greater than the energy of the photovoltaic cell square formation conversion of current location, motor-driven control module 5 drives the photovoltaic cell square formation and follows the trail of.
7) gather environment temperatures, wind-force, wind direction information by environment monitoring module 3, and environment temperature is divided into high temperature, two kinds of situation of normal temperature according to whether influencing photovoltaic cell square formation generating efficiency, described high temperature is the temperature more than 35 ℃; With wind-force according to whether causing high wind, the two kinds of situation of weak wind of being divided into of damaging to the supporting construction of photovoltaic cell square formation; Described high wind refers to every photovoltaic cell is produced the wind of the above thrust of 2000N; In the present embodiment; With 24 ℃, moderate gale be the angle of example, wind direction and photovoltaic battery panel to be 31 ° be example, reality is not limited by present embodiment.
8) extract the information of relevant weather, environment temperature, wind-force in weather monitoring module 1, the environment monitoring module 3 by intelligent adaptive tracking Control module 4, obtain correction angle φ ', the system of selection of described correction angle φ ' such as following table:
| The meteorological index magnitude of sun power | Temperature conditions | Wind conditions | Correction angle φ ' |
| More than more weak | Normal temperature | Weak wind | 0° |
| More than more weak | Normal temperature | High wind | When wind-force is not impacted the photovoltaic cell square formation, the minimum angles that the photovoltaic cell square formation turns over |
| More than more weak | High temperature | Weak wind | 0.01°～0.5° |
| More than more weak | High temperature | High wind | When wind-force is not impacted the photovoltaic cell square formation, the minimum angles that the photovoltaic cell square formation turns over |
| Below weak | Normal temperature | Weak wind | 0° |
| Below weak | Normal temperature | High wind | Photovoltaic cell goes to the angle-weighting of wind direction parallel position and follows the trail of angle φ |
| Below weak | High temperature | Weak wind | 0.01°～0.5° |
| Below weak | High temperature | High wind | (photovoltaic cell goes to the angle-weighting of wind direction parallel position and follows the trail of angle φ) |
Correction angle φ ' is followed the trail of angle φ addition with weighting, obtain driving angle θ.In the present embodiment, because 6 grades of wind-force, the pressure that wind produces is 120N/ ㎡, and the area of every solar panel is an example with 25 ㎡, and the thrust that then receives is 1545N, less than 2000N, so correction angle φ '=0 ° drives angle θ=2.52 °.
9) the motor-driven control module drive the photovoltaic cell square formation according to drive the identical angular turn of angle θ.
Claims (10)
1. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method is characterized in that:
1) makes up photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system; Described photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system is by the weather monitoring module; The fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module that is connected with the weather monitoring module; With fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module JA(junction ambient) monitoring modular; With the intelligent adaptive tracking Control module that weather monitoring module, environment monitoring module are connected respectively, the motor-driven control module that is connected with intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is formed;
2) choose the many group radiation intensity value u of local spring, summer, autumn and winter under rain, snow weather respectively
SleetAnd the light-intensity variation value λ under the cloudy weather
Cloudy, and calculate its mean value
With
, mean value is imported in the weather monitoring module as benchmark;
3) by the real-time radiation intensity u of weather monitoring module collection, light-intensity variation value λ; And compare with radiation intensity mean value
, light-intensity variation mean value
respectively; Shown in following table, weather conditions are divided into three kinds in fine, cloudy, sleet:
4) according to the method for looking day tracking and photoelectric tracking by fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module and confirm the theoretical position of the sun respectively, and according to the definite tracking of theoretical position and the photovoltaic cell square formation position angle of the sun;
5) extract radiation intensity and the weather conditions that the weather monitoring module records by fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module; And calculate the magnitude of the meteorological index of sun power by radiation intensity; Magnitude and weather conditions according to the sun power index; Distribute respectively according to looking and day follow the tracks of the tracking angle that calculates with the photoelectric tracking method, and calculate weighting and follow the trail of angle φ with weighting coefficient;
6) gather environment temperature, wind-force, wind direction information by environment monitoring module; And environment temperature is divided into high temperature, two kinds of situation of normal temperature according to whether influencing photovoltaic cell square formation generating efficiency, with wind-force according to whether causing high wind, the two kinds of situation of weak wind of being divided into of damaging to the supporting construction of photovoltaic cell square formation;
7) by the information of relevant weather, environment temperature, wind-force in intelligent adaptive tracking Control module extraction weather monitoring module, the environment monitoring module, obtain correction angle φ ', correction angle φ ' is followed the trail of angle φ addition with weighting, obtain driving angle θ;
8) the motor-driven control module drives the photovoltaic cell square formation according to driving angle θ rotation.
2. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after obtaining weighting tracking angle, and the energy P that consumes in the energy P-tracing process according to the conversion of formula net energy Δ P=photovoltaic cell square formation
1, calculate net energy, calculate the energy P of the photovoltaic cell square formation conversion of net energy Δ P and current location
0Ratio, when this ratio is followed the tracks of during greater than threshold value, otherwise do not follow the tracks of.
3. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described threshold value is 1～1.2.
4. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gather uniformly not radiation intensity u under the same date different time sleety weather each season 5 ~ 15 times
Sleet, the light-intensity variation value λ under the cloudy weather
Cloudy, gather 5 ~ 10 collection points, interval 2min ~ 10min between per two collection points at every turn.
5. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the magnitude of the meteorological index of described sun power is according to the meteorology method solar energy to be divided into seven grades, be respectively very by force, by force, strong partially, medium, weak, weak, very a little less than.
6. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described high temperature is the temperature more than 35 ℃, and described high wind refers to every photovoltaic cell is produced the wind of the above thrust of 2000N.
7. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the distribution condition of described weight coefficient sees the following form:
<tables num="0002"> <table > <tgroup cols="4"> <colspec colname = "c001" colwidth = "25 % " /> <colspec colname="c002" colwidth="25%" /> <colspec colname="c003" colwidth="25%" /> <colspec colname =" c004 "colwidth =" 25% " /> <tbody > <row > <entry morerows="1"> solar weather index middleweight </entry> <entry morerows="1"> weather conditions </entry> <entry morerows="1"> weighting coefficients depending on date tracking </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> optical tracking weighting factor </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> strong </entry> <entry morerows =" 1 "> Clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.9 ~ 0.7 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> strong </entry> <entry morerows="1"> clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.9 ~ 0.7 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> stronger </entry> <entry morerows="1"> clear </entry> <entry morerows =" 1 "> 0.2 ~ 0.4 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.8 ~ 0.6 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows = "1"> stronger </entry> <entry morerows="1"> cloudy </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.6 ~ 0.8 </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> 0.4 ~ 0.2 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> Medium </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> Clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.4 ~ 0.6 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.6 ~ 0.4 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> Medium </entry> <entry morerows="1"> cloudy </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.1 ~ 0.3 </entry> </row> < row > <entry morerows="1"> weaker </entry> <entry morerows="1"> clear </entry> <entry morerows =" 1 "> 0.4 ~ 0.6 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0.6 ~ 0.4 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows = "1"> weak </entry> <entry morerows="1"> cloudy </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 1 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> weak </entry> <entry morerows = "1"> Clear </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 1 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> weak </entry> <entry morerows="1"> snow </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 1 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0 </entry> </row> <row > <entry morerows="1"> weak </entry> <entry morerows="1"> snow </entry> <entry morerows = "1" > 1 </entry> <entry morerows="1"> 0 </entry> </row> </tbody> </tgroup> </table> </tables>
。
8. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the computing formula that the angle is followed the trail of in described weighting is φ=(A
1φ
1+ A
2φ
2), wherein, φ
1For calculating tracking angle, φ according to looking day method of tracking
2Follow the trail of angle, A for calculating according to the method for photoelectric tracking
1Be the φ that distributes to
1Weighting coefficient, A
2Be the φ that distributes to
2Weighting coefficient.
9. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking and controlling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the system of selection of described correction angle φ ' such as following table:
。
10. photovoltaic generation intelligent adaptive tracking control system; Comprise the motor-driven control module; It is characterized in that: it also is provided with the weather monitoring module, and this weather monitoring module is by the radiation intensity sensor, the light-intensity variation sensor; With the analog to digital converter that radiation intensity sensor, light-intensity variation sensor are connected respectively, the weather that is used to compare and measure value and mean value and judge weather in view of the above that is connected with analog to digital converter detects processing unit and constitutes; Described weather monitoring module is connected with fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module; This fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module is by looking a day tracking means; Photoelectronic tracking device calculates the fuzzy comprehensive evoluation detection algorithm processing unit that weighting follows the trail of the angle with being used to of looking a day tracking means, photoelectronic tracking device be connected respectively and forms; Described fuzzy comprehensive evoluation tracking and monitoring solar azimuth module is connected with intelligent adaptive tracking Control module, and this intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is one and is used for according to light intensity, temperature, wind-force the intelligent adaptive tracking Control processing unit that angle φ revises being followed the trail of in weighting; Described intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is connected with environment monitoring module; This environment monitoring module is by temperature sensor; Wind sensor; Wind transducer, with the analog to digital converter that temperature sensor, wind sensor, wind transducer are connected respectively, the environmental monitoring processing unit composition that is used to distinguish temperature height, wind-force size that is connected with analog to digital converter; Described intelligent adaptive tracking Control module is connected respectively with motor drive module with the weather monitoring module.
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