CN115224799B - Intelligent photovoltaic control system - Google Patents
Intelligent photovoltaic control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115224799B CN115224799B CN202210859658.2A CN202210859658A CN115224799B CN 115224799 B CN115224799 B CN 115224799B CN 202210859658 A CN202210859658 A CN 202210859658A CN 115224799 B CN115224799 B CN 115224799B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
- H02J13/00026—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly discloses an intelligent photovoltaic control system which comprises a computing terminal, a data transmission terminal and execution terminals, wherein each computing terminal is in communication connection with each data transmission terminal, each data transmission terminal is also in communication connection with a plurality of execution terminals, and each execution terminal is connected with each photovoltaic power generation plate; the computing terminal comprises an SoC system-level chip, a Beidou positioning unit, an environment monitoring unit, an illumination monitoring unit and a first 4G network transmission unit, the data transmission terminal comprises a first ZigBee communication unit and a second 4G network transmission unit, and the execution terminal comprises a second ZigBee communication unit, a motor control unit and a gesture detection unit. The intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention can enable the photovoltaic power generation panel to be in the optimal position along with the change of the position of the sun, realizes accurate tracking of the photovoltaic power generation panel to the sun, and is beneficial to improving the power generation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to an intelligent photovoltaic control system.
Background
With the continuous improvement of photovoltaic power generation technology, a photovoltaic tracking system is one of key equipment of a photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic tracking system can enable the photovoltaic power generation panel to track the movement of the sun in real time, so that sunlight is enabled to directly irradiate the photovoltaic power generation panel, and the generating capacity and the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system are improved.
At present, the photovoltaic tracking system has the problems that the network management is not possible and the remote control is not possible, so that a manager cannot grasp information such as the state of the photovoltaic power generation equipment, the generating capacity of the photovoltaic system, the number of faults and the like in real time and cannot remotely control the photovoltaic tracking system to adjust the working state; the self-adaptive control function based on the environment is not provided, for example, the photovoltaic power generation panel automatically and emergently takes away danger in severe weather, the photovoltaic power generation panel is self-cleaning in moderate rainfall and small wind power, and the photovoltaic power generation panel automatically cleans snow when snow is accumulated. Therefore, there is a need for a photovoltaic tracking system in which terminal devices can be networked and remote controlled with an adaptive control function based on the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent photovoltaic control system, which realizes more accurate tracking of a photovoltaic power generation panel to the sun and effectively improves the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation system.
As a first aspect of the present invention, an intelligent photovoltaic control system is provided, including a computing terminal, a data transmission terminal and an execution terminal, where each computing terminal is in communication connection with each data transmission terminal, each data transmission terminal is also in communication connection with a plurality of execution terminals, and each execution terminal is connected with each photovoltaic power generation panel; the computing terminal comprises an SoC system-in-chip, a Beidou positioning unit, an environment monitoring unit, an illumination monitoring unit and a first 4G network transmission unit, the data transmission terminal comprises a first ZigBee communication unit and a second 4G network transmission unit, and the executing terminal comprises a second ZigBee communication unit, a motor control unit and a gesture detection unit;
the Beidou positioning unit is used for acquiring the position information of the photovoltaic power generation plate;
the environment monitoring unit is used for collecting weather information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located;
the illumination monitoring unit is used for collecting illumination intensity information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located;
the SoC system-on-chip is used for generating a photovoltaic control instruction according to the position information of the photovoltaic power generation plate, the weather information of the environment and the illumination intensity information of the environment; the photovoltaic control instruction is sent to the data transmission terminal through the first 4G network transmission unit;
the data transmission terminal is used for receiving the photovoltaic control instruction through the second 4G network transmission unit and sending the photovoltaic control instruction to the execution terminal through the first ZigBee communication unit;
the execution terminal is used for receiving the photovoltaic control instruction through the second ZigBee communication unit;
the gesture detection unit is used for detecting current angle information of the photovoltaic power generation panel;
the motor control unit is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the photovoltaic control instruction and the current angle information of the photovoltaic power generation plate so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate;
the position information of the photovoltaic power generation panel comprises longitude, latitude and altitude information;
the weather information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located comprises temperature, humidity, rainfall, snow amount, wind speed and wind direction information;
the computing terminal, the data transmission terminal and the execution terminal comprise rechargeable lithium batteries, and the rechargeable lithium batteries are used for supplying power to the computing terminal, the data transmission terminal and the execution terminal.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the computing terminal is specifically used for acquiring season, time and position information from the background after the intelligent photovoltaic control system is started, and judging whether the current time is in a power generation operation interval of the photovoltaic power generation panel; if the intelligent photovoltaic control system is not in the power generation operation interval, the intelligent photovoltaic control system is automatically powered off; if the current illumination intensity of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation plate is located reaches the photovoltaic power generation illumination intensity requirement threshold value, and if the current weather of the environment meets the photovoltaic power generation weather requirement, continuing to judge whether the current illumination intensity of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation plate is located reaches the photovoltaic power generation illumination intensity requirement threshold value; if the power generation operation requirement is not met, the photovoltaic control instruction is not output, and power generation operation requirement judgment is carried out once again at intervals until the current time is not in the power generation operation interval, and the intelligent photovoltaic control system is automatically powered off; if the power generation operation requirement is met, sending the photovoltaic control instruction comprising the preset angle and the rotation angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the photovoltaic control instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for judging whether the current angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate is consistent with a preset angle; if the angles are inconsistent, the motor control unit controls the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate until the current angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate is the same as the preset angle, correction is completed, then the photovoltaic power generation plate enters a power generation working state, and the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation plate is controlled according to the rotation angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time; if the rotation angles are consistent, the photovoltaic power generation plate directly enters the power generation working state, and the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation plate is controlled according to the rotation angles of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time;
the photovoltaic power generation plate preset angle and the unit time rotation angle are calculated by the calculation terminal through an astronomical space-time algorithm.
Further, the system also comprises a management cloud platform which is in communication connection with the data transmission terminal.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the computing terminal is used for sending a self-cleaning instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located meets the self-cleaning requirement of the photovoltaic power generation panel;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the self-cleaning instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the self-cleaning instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate to a self-cleaning position, and the self-cleaning function of the photovoltaic power generation plate is realized by means of rain wash;
meanwhile, the execution terminal feeds back the self-cleaning state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the self-cleaning state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the computing terminal is used for sending a snow cleaning instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located meets the snow cleaning requirement of the photovoltaic power generation panel;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the snow cleaning instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the snow cleaning instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to overturn for a plurality of times and cleaning snow on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate;
meanwhile, the executing terminal feeds back the snow cleaning state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the snow cleaning state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the computing terminal is used for sending an emergency risk avoiding instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located does not meet the safety production requirement;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the emergency risk avoiding instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the emergency risk avoiding instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate to an optimal stopping position, so that the emergency risk avoiding of the photovoltaic power generation plate is realized;
meanwhile, the execution terminal feeds back the emergency risk avoiding state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the emergency risk avoiding state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the management cloud platform is used for issuing a remote control instruction to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the remote control instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for executing the remote control instruction.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the management cloud platform is used for acquiring the generated energy of the front-row photovoltaic power generation plate and the generated energy of the rear-row photovoltaic power generation plate, and sending a reverse control instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the generated energy of the rear-row photovoltaic power generation plate is lower than the generated energy of the front-row photovoltaic power generation plate;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the backward tracking instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for executing the backward tracking instruction to control the photovoltaic power generation panel to reversely rotate so as to eliminate shadow shielding;
and simultaneously, the execution terminal feeds back the back tracking state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal uploads the back tracking state to the management cloud platform.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the execution terminal is used for judging the state of the photovoltaic control instruction;
when the photovoltaic control instruction is abnormal, the execution terminal enters a fault protection mode, controls the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate to a fault protection position, and reports an abnormal state;
and when the photovoltaic control instruction is normal, the executing terminal executes the photovoltaic control instruction.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the execution terminal does not receive the photovoltaic control instruction, entering a fault protection mode, controlling the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate to a fault protection position, and reporting an abnormal state.
The intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) Through the built-in 4G communication module and ZigBee communication module, the real-time communication between the terminal equipment and the management cloud platform is realized, the state of the photovoltaic tracking system is monitored in real time, and a manager can remotely manage and control through a client;
(2) By adopting an astronomical space-time algorithm and a closed-loop control mode of an attitude sensor, the photovoltaic power generation panel is positioned at an optimal position along with the change of the position of the sun under the control of the system, so that the accurate tracking of the photovoltaic power generation panel to the sun is realized, and the improvement of the power generation efficiency is facilitated;
(3) By adopting the environment monitoring unit and the illumination monitoring unit, local environment information including temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and illuminance information is collected in real time, and SoC (System on Chip) system-level chips are adopted to execute edge calculation, the problems that the photovoltaic power generation plate automatically and emergently takes away danger when the weather is bad, the photovoltaic power generation plate is self-cleaning when the rainfall is moderate and the wind power is small, and the photovoltaic power generation plate automatically cleans snow when the snow is accumulated are solved;
(4) By adopting a mode of functional decomposition, three sets of terminals are designed: the system comprises a computing terminal, a data transmission terminal and an execution terminal, wherein the computing terminal realizes the functions of positioning, environment monitoring, illumination monitoring and edge computing; the executing terminal realizes the gesture monitoring and motor control functions; the data transmission function is realized by the data transmission terminal; each set of photovoltaic power generation panel is provided with an execution terminal, the data transmission terminals are deployed in proportion (for example, the data transmission terminals are arranged in a mode that the execution terminals are 1:50), and 1 large-scale photovoltaic power station only needs to deploy 1 calculation terminal, so that the number of equipment modules is reduced, and the cost of a photovoltaic tracking system is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the invention.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a computing terminal according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a data transmission terminal according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an execution terminal according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a normal operation flow chart of the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is a self-cleaning flow chart of the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 7 is a snow cleaning flow chart of the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 8 is an emergency risk avoidance flow chart of the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 9 is a remote control flow chart of the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 10 is a backward tracking flow chart of the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 11 is a flow chart of abnormal command fault protection for the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Fig. 12 is a signal interruption fault protection flow chart of the intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following detailed description refers to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of the intelligent photovoltaic control system according to the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the explanation of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise indicated. For example, the connection may be a fixed connection, or may be a connection through a special interface, or may be an indirect connection via an intermediary. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, an intelligent photovoltaic control system is provided, where the intelligent photovoltaic control system includes a computing terminal, a data transmission terminal, and an execution terminal, each computing terminal is communicatively connected to each data transmission terminal, each data transmission terminal is also communicatively connected to a plurality of execution terminals, and each execution terminal is connected to each photovoltaic power generation panel; the computing terminal comprises an SoC system-in-chip, a Beidou positioning unit, an environment monitoring unit, an illumination monitoring unit and a first 4G network transmission unit, the data transmission terminal comprises a first ZigBee communication unit and a second 4G network transmission unit, and the executing terminal comprises a second ZigBee communication unit, a motor control unit and a gesture detection unit;
the Beidou positioning unit is used for acquiring the position information of the photovoltaic power generation plate;
the environment monitoring unit is used for collecting weather information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located;
the illumination monitoring unit is used for collecting illumination intensity information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located;
the SoC system-on-chip is used for generating a photovoltaic control instruction according to the position information of the photovoltaic power generation plate, the weather information of the environment and the illumination intensity information of the environment; the photovoltaic control instruction is sent to the data transmission terminal through the first 4G network transmission unit;
the data transmission terminal is used for receiving the photovoltaic control instruction through the second 4G network transmission unit and sending the photovoltaic control instruction to the execution terminal through the first ZigBee communication unit;
the execution terminal is used for receiving the photovoltaic control instruction through the second ZigBee communication unit;
the gesture detection unit is used for detecting current angle information of the photovoltaic power generation panel;
the motor control unit is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the photovoltaic control instruction and the current angle information of the photovoltaic power generation plate so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate;
the position information of the photovoltaic power generation panel comprises longitude, latitude and altitude information;
the weather information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located comprises temperature, humidity, rainfall, snow amount, wind speed and wind direction information;
the computing terminal, the data transmission terminal and the execution terminal comprise rechargeable lithium batteries, and the rechargeable lithium batteries are used for supplying power to the computing terminal, the data transmission terminal and the execution terminal.
Specifically, the SoC system-on-chip is responsible for operation control of all devices in the local area network, collecting position and date information, calculating optimal incidence angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel and required rotation angle per minute, and environment-based adaptive control, such as emergency risk avoidance, self-cleaning and snow cleaning.
In particular, rechargeable lithium batteries are used to ensure passive control under severe conditions while setting a periodic charging schedule, keeping the power constantly adequate.
Specifically, the intelligent photovoltaic control system supports remote inspection, and abnormal conditions such as rotation faults of the photovoltaic power generation panel (continuous abnormality of a monitoring value of the gesture detection unit and a preset angle) and abnormal power generation (comparison of power generation data of the photovoltaic power generation panel at similar positions), and equipment faults are judged if abnormal power generation capacity exists.
Specifically, the intelligent photovoltaic control system counts the generated energy, the power generation efficiency and the fault number of the photovoltaic power generation panel deployment in real time.
Specifically, the first 4G network transmission unit is responsible for supporting wireless communication between the computing terminal and the data transmission terminal, and sending a control instruction of the computing terminal to the data transmission terminal.
Specifically, the second 4G network transmission unit is responsible for supporting wireless communication between the data transmission terminal and the computing terminal as well as between the data transmission terminal and the management cloud platform, receiving control instructions issued by the computing terminal and the management cloud platform, and reporting the state information of the photovoltaic power generation panel to the management cloud platform.
Specifically, the first ZigBee communication unit is responsible for networking communication of equipment in a local area network, executing a control instruction issued by a computing terminal, executing a remote manual control instruction issued by a management cloud platform, and collecting photovoltaic power generation panel state information in the local area network.
Specifically, the second ZigBee communication unit is responsible for networking communication of devices in the local area network, comparing and correcting angles of the photovoltaic power generation panels, executing control instructions issued by the data transmission terminal, and reporting status information of the photovoltaic power generation panels to the data transmission terminal.
Specifically, the motor control unit is responsible for controlling the motor to rotate a designed angle according to a set direction.
The intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention is organized and deployed according to an end-network-cloud integrated Internet of things system. The terminal equipment comprises a computing terminal, a data transmission terminal and an execution terminal; the network layer supports various Internet of things access modes and various network protocols, such as 4G, zigBee and the like. The management cloud platform supports various deployment modes, including public cloud, private cloud, hybrid cloud and local deployment.
For a large photovoltaic power generation system deployed by adopting a centralized architecture, only one computing terminal is required to be deployed for one large photovoltaic power station, each set of photovoltaic power generation panel is provided with one executing terminal, the data transmission terminals are deployed in proportion (the data transmission terminals are: the executing terminals=1:50), the data transmission terminals and the executing terminals are communicated through ZigBee networking, the data transmission terminals and the computing terminals are communicated through 4G wireless, and the data transmission terminals and the management cloud platform are communicated through 4G wireless.
For the photovoltaic power generation system deployed by adopting the distributed architecture, only one computing terminal is required to be deployed in the whole village or county of the deployment area, each set of photovoltaic power generation panel is provided with one execution terminal, the data transmission terminals are deployed in proportion (the data transmission terminals are: the execution terminals=1:50), the data transmission terminals and the execution terminals are communicated through ZigBee networking, the data transmission terminals and the computing terminals are communicated through 4G wireless, and the data transmission terminals and the management cloud platform are communicated through 4G wireless.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, further comprising:
the computing terminal is specifically used for acquiring season, time and position information from the background after the intelligent photovoltaic control system is started, and judging whether the current time is in a power generation operation interval of the photovoltaic power generation panel; if the intelligent photovoltaic control system is not in the power generation operation interval, the intelligent photovoltaic control system is automatically powered off; if the current illumination intensity of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation plate is located reaches the photovoltaic power generation illumination intensity requirement threshold value, and if the current weather of the environment meets the photovoltaic power generation weather requirement, continuing to judge whether the current illumination intensity of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation plate is located reaches the photovoltaic power generation illumination intensity requirement threshold value; if the power generation operation requirement is not met, the photovoltaic control instruction is not output, and power generation operation requirement judgment (such as every X rotation periods) is carried out at intervals until the current time is not in the power generation operation interval (such as 9:00-16:00), and the intelligent photovoltaic control system is automatically powered off; if the power generation operation requirement is met, sending the photovoltaic control instruction comprising the preset angle and the rotation angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the photovoltaic control instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for judging whether the current angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate is consistent with a preset angle; if the angles are inconsistent, the motor control unit controls the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate until the current angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate is the same as the preset angle, correction is completed, then the photovoltaic power generation plate enters a power generation working state, and the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation plate is controlled according to the rotation angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time; if the rotation angles are consistent, the photovoltaic power generation plate directly enters the power generation working state, and the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation plate is controlled according to the rotation angles of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time (such as 1 degree of rotation every X minutes);
meanwhile, the computing terminal judges the information of the working environment and the illumination intensity once every X rotation periods, performs edge computing, and outputs a control instruction when the working environment or the illumination intensity does not meet the power generation operation requirement, so that the executing terminal stops controlling the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation plate, and the abrasion and the energy consumption of the motor are reduced; and executing compensation measures by the terminal until the working environment and the illumination intensity meet the photovoltaic power generation requirement, controlling the photovoltaic power generation plate to continuously rotate to a preset angle at the current time to finish correction, entering a power generation working state, and controlling the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate for 1 degree every X minutes according to a rotation control instruction.
The photovoltaic power generation plate preset angle and the unit time rotation angle are calculated by the calculation terminal through an astronomical space-time algorithm.
Preferably, the system further comprises a management cloud platform in communication connection with the data transmission terminal.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, further comprising:
the computing terminal is used for detecting that when the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located meets the self-cleaning requirement of the photovoltaic power generation panel (such as moderate rainfall and small wind power), sending a self-cleaning instruction to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the self-cleaning instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the self-cleaning instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate to a self-cleaning position (such as the flat single-shaft power generation plate rotates to a horizontal position), and the self-cleaning function of the photovoltaic power generation plate is realized by means of rain wash;
meanwhile, the execution terminal feeds back the self-cleaning state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the self-cleaning state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, further comprising:
the computing terminal is used for detecting that when the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located meets the snow cleaning requirement of the photovoltaic power generation panel (such as snow accumulation in snowy weather), sending a snow cleaning instruction to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the snow cleaning instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the snow cleaning instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to overturn for a plurality of times and cleaning snow on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate;
meanwhile, the executing terminal feeds back the snow cleaning state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the snow cleaning state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, further comprising:
the computing terminal is used for sending an emergency risk avoiding instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the current weather (continuous overcast, storm and the like) of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located does not meet the safety production requirement;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the emergency risk avoiding instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the emergency risk avoiding instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate to an optimal stopping position (if the weather of strong wind keeps a horizontal state, the stress surface is minimum, and the wind resistance is minimum), so that the emergency risk avoiding of the photovoltaic power generation panel is realized;
meanwhile, the execution terminal feeds back the emergency risk avoiding state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the emergency risk avoiding state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, further comprising:
a worker operates remote control through a client, and a management cloud platform issues a remote control instruction to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the remote control instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for executing the remote control instruction.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, further comprising:
the management cloud platform is used for acquiring the generated energy of the front-row photovoltaic power generation plate and the generated energy of the rear-row photovoltaic power generation plate, and sending a reverse control instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the generated energy of the rear-row photovoltaic power generation plate is lower than the generated energy of the front-row photovoltaic power generation plate;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the backward tracking instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for executing the backward tracking instruction to control the photovoltaic power generation panel to reversely rotate so as to eliminate shadow shielding;
and simultaneously, the execution terminal feeds back the back tracking state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal uploads the back tracking state to the management cloud platform.
In the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the system is not controlled due to the error of the control system or the severe environment, the system can still ensure that the photovoltaic power generation panel is automatically reset to the fault protection position, and the loss caused by the disorder of the control system is avoided.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 11, further comprising:
the execution terminal is used for judging the state of the photovoltaic control instruction;
when the photovoltaic control instruction is abnormal, the execution terminal enters a fault protection mode, controls the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate to a fault protection position, and reports an abnormal state;
it should be noted that, the error of the control system itself causes the execution terminal to receive the abnormal instruction;
and when the photovoltaic control instruction is normal, the executing terminal executes the photovoltaic control instruction.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 12, further comprising:
and when the execution terminal does not receive the photovoltaic control instruction, the execution terminal enters a fault protection mode, controls the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate to a fault protection position and reports an abnormal state. Meanwhile, the system changes the heartbeat connection detection frequency of the reinforcing equipment from 10 minutes/time to 1 minute/time in severe weather.
The intelligent photovoltaic control system provided by the invention integrates environmental monitoring (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and wind direction), illumination monitoring, gesture detection and Beidou positioning based on a multidimensional fusion sensing technology. The astronomical space-time algorithm and the gesture sensor are adopted to realize closed-loop control and combined with back tracking, so that the photovoltaic power generation panel is positioned at the optimal position along with the change time of the position of the sun under the control of the system, the photovoltaic power generation panel can track the sun more accurately, and the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation system is effectively improved. The system has the functions of multidimensional sensing, edge calculation, automatic tracking, self-cleaning, snow cleaning, emergency risk avoidance, backward tracking, cloud calculation, system monitoring, remote control, report management, alarm management, inspection management, process management, spare part management and the like.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and modifications can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The intelligent photovoltaic control system is characterized by comprising a computing terminal, a data transmission terminal and an execution terminal, wherein each computing terminal is in communication connection with each data transmission terminal, each data transmission terminal is also in communication connection with a plurality of execution terminals, and each execution terminal is connected with each photovoltaic power generation panel; the computing terminal comprises an SoC system-in-chip, a Beidou positioning unit, an environment monitoring unit, an illumination monitoring unit and a first 4G network transmission unit, the data transmission terminal comprises a first ZigBee communication unit and a second 4G network transmission unit, and the executing terminal comprises a second ZigBee communication unit, a motor control unit and a gesture detection unit;
the Beidou positioning unit is used for acquiring the position information of the photovoltaic power generation plate;
the environment monitoring unit is used for collecting weather information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located;
the illumination monitoring unit is used for collecting illumination intensity information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located;
the SoC system-on-chip is used for generating a photovoltaic control instruction according to the position information of the photovoltaic power generation plate, the weather information of the environment and the illumination intensity information of the environment; the photovoltaic control instruction is sent to the data transmission terminal through the first 4G network transmission unit;
the data transmission terminal is used for receiving the photovoltaic control instruction through the second 4G network transmission unit and sending the photovoltaic control instruction to the execution terminal through the first ZigBee communication unit;
the execution terminal is used for receiving the photovoltaic control instruction through the second ZigBee communication unit;
the gesture detection unit is used for detecting current angle information of the photovoltaic power generation panel;
the motor control unit is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the photovoltaic control instruction and the current angle information of the photovoltaic power generation plate so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate;
the position information of the photovoltaic power generation panel comprises longitude, latitude and altitude information;
the weather information of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located comprises temperature, humidity, rainfall, snow amount, wind speed and wind direction information;
the computing terminal, the data transmission terminal and the execution terminal comprise rechargeable lithium batteries, and the rechargeable lithium batteries are used for supplying power to the computing terminal, the data transmission terminal and the execution terminal;
wherein, still include:
the computing terminal is specifically used for acquiring season, time and position information from the background after the intelligent photovoltaic control system is started, and judging whether the current time is in a power generation operation interval of the photovoltaic power generation panel; if the intelligent photovoltaic control system is not in the power generation operation interval, the intelligent photovoltaic control system is automatically powered off; if the current illumination intensity of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation plate is located reaches the photovoltaic power generation illumination intensity requirement threshold value, and if the current weather of the environment meets the photovoltaic power generation weather requirement, continuing to judge whether the current illumination intensity of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation plate is located reaches the photovoltaic power generation illumination intensity requirement threshold value; if the power generation operation requirement is not met, the photovoltaic control instruction is not output, and power generation operation requirement judgment is carried out once again at intervals until the current time is not in the power generation operation interval, and the intelligent photovoltaic control system is automatically powered off; if the power generation operation requirement is met, sending the photovoltaic control instruction comprising the preset angle and the rotation angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the photovoltaic control instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for judging whether the current angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate is consistent with a preset angle; if the angles are inconsistent, the motor control unit controls the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate until the current angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate is the same as the preset angle, correction is completed, then the photovoltaic power generation plate enters a power generation working state, and the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation plate is controlled according to the rotation angle of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time; if the rotation angles are consistent, the photovoltaic power generation plate directly enters the power generation working state, and the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation plate is controlled according to the rotation angles of the photovoltaic power generation plate in unit time;
the photovoltaic power generation plate preset angle and the unit time rotation angle are calculated by the calculation terminal through an astronomical space-time algorithm.
2. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 1, further comprising a management cloud platform communicatively coupled to the data transfer terminal.
3. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 2, further comprising:
the computing terminal is used for sending a self-cleaning instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located meets the self-cleaning requirement of the photovoltaic power generation panel;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the self-cleaning instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the self-cleaning instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate to a self-cleaning position, and the self-cleaning function of the photovoltaic power generation plate is realized by means of rain wash;
meanwhile, the execution terminal feeds back the self-cleaning state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the self-cleaning state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
4. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 2, further comprising:
the computing terminal is used for sending a snow cleaning instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located meets the snow cleaning requirement of the photovoltaic power generation panel;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the snow cleaning instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the snow cleaning instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to overturn for a plurality of times and cleaning snow on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate;
meanwhile, the executing terminal feeds back the snow cleaning state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the snow cleaning state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
5. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 2, further comprising:
the computing terminal is used for sending an emergency risk avoiding instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the current weather of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation panel is located does not meet the safety production requirement;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the emergency risk avoiding instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for controlling the motor to rotate according to the emergency risk avoiding instruction so as to drive the photovoltaic power generation plate to rotate to an optimal stopping position, so that the emergency risk avoiding of the photovoltaic power generation plate is realized;
meanwhile, the execution terminal feeds back the emergency risk avoiding state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal feeds back the emergency risk avoiding state to the computing terminal and the management cloud platform respectively.
6. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 2, further comprising:
the management cloud platform is used for issuing a remote control instruction to the data transmission terminal;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the remote control instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for executing the remote control instruction.
7. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 2, further comprising:
the management cloud platform is used for acquiring the generated energy of the front-row photovoltaic power generation plate and the generated energy of the rear-row photovoltaic power generation plate, and sending a backward tracking instruction to the data transmission terminal when detecting that the generated energy of the rear-row photovoltaic power generation plate is lower than the generated energy of the front-row photovoltaic power generation plate;
the data transmission terminal is used for forwarding the backward tracking instruction to the execution terminal;
the execution terminal is used for executing the backward tracking instruction to control the photovoltaic power generation panel to reversely rotate so as to eliminate shadow shielding;
and simultaneously, the execution terminal feeds back the back tracking state to the data transmission terminal, and the data transmission terminal uploads the back tracking state to the management cloud platform.
8. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 2, further comprising:
the execution terminal is used for judging the state of the photovoltaic control instruction;
when the photovoltaic control instruction is abnormal, the execution terminal enters a fault protection mode, controls the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate to a fault protection position, and reports an abnormal state;
and when the photovoltaic control instruction is normal, the executing terminal executes the photovoltaic control instruction.
9. The intelligent photovoltaic control system of claim 2, further comprising:
and when the execution terminal does not receive the photovoltaic control instruction, entering a fault protection mode, controlling the photovoltaic power generation panel to rotate to a fault protection position, and reporting an abnormal state.
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