CN102564349A - 一种用于光学三维轮廓测量的正弦光栅的设计 - Google Patents

一种用于光学三维轮廓测量的正弦光栅的设计 Download PDF

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CN102564349A
CN102564349A CN2012100159998A CN201210015999A CN102564349A CN 102564349 A CN102564349 A CN 102564349A CN 2012100159998 A CN2012100159998 A CN 2012100159998A CN 201210015999 A CN201210015999 A CN 201210015999A CN 102564349 A CN102564349 A CN 102564349A
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周波
乔付
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Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

在光学三维轮廓测量方法中需要向物体表面投射正弦光栅。本发明公开了一种使用高频三角波作为载波对正弦波进行频率调制的方法来设计正弦光栅。它包括把时间维的频率调制应用到空间维的频率调制方法,使用高频三角波作为载波对正弦波进行调制,要求三角波的频率高于正弦波的频率,经过调制后形成不等间距的空间二进制条纹,按照不等间距的二进制条纹刻制光栅,该光栅经镜头向被测物体表面投影可以得到高质量的正弦图样,解决了光学三维轮廓测量中正弦光栅的设计问题,保证了光学三维轮廓测量的精度。

Description

一种用于光学三维轮廓测量的正弦光栅的设计
技术领域
本发明涉及光学三维轮廓测量领域,特指正弦条纹投影光栅。
技术背景
在CAD/CAM、逆向工程、快速原型及虚拟现实等领域中,非接触光学三维形状测量技术得到广泛应用,其研究方法主要有莫尔轮廓术、位相测量轮廓术、傅里叶变换轮廓术和空间位相检测等,上述的轮廓测量方法都需要向物体表面投射正弦图样,因而,正弦光栅的设计是保证三维轮廓测量精度的必要条件。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种使用空间维频率调制的方法,即使用时间维的高频三角波作为载波来调制正弦波,具体调制方法为:用正弦波与三角波进行比较,如果正弦波幅值大于三角波幅值,相应调制后的幅值为1,否则幅值为0,则使用生成的不等间距空间二进制条纹刻制光栅,该光栅经镜头向被测物体表面可以投射明暗对比度较高的正弦图样。
附图说明
图1三角波与正弦波
图2空间调制后的二进制波
图3正弦光栅
图4正弦光栅频谱
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
如图1所示,一个周期的正弦波,它的周期T=2π,f0=1/T,三角波的频率fc=Nf0,N为任意奇数,可取N=13。
如图2所示,使用空间维的频率调制方法调制后的结果。具体频率调制方法为:如果正弦波的幅值大于三角波的幅值,相应调制后的幅值为1,否则,幅值为0。
如图3所示是按照图2结果,刻制出的不等间距二进制光栅,该光栅的频谱分析如下:
F n ( x ) = a 0 + Σ k = 1 ∞ a k cos ( kwx ) - - - ( 1 )
其中, a 0 = 1 2 π ∫ 0 2 π f ( x ) dx = 1
a k = 2 π ∫ 0 π f ( x ) cos ( kx ) dx
= 2 π ( ∫ d 0 d 1 f ( x ) cos ( kx ) dx + ∫ d 2 d 3 f ( x ) cos ( kx ) dx + . . . + ∫ d 2 m d 2 m + 1 f ( x ) cos ( kx ) dx )
= 2 πw ( ( sin ( kx ) | d 0 d 1 ) + ( sin ( kx ) | d 2 d 3 ) + . . . + ( sin ( kx ) | d 2 m d 2 m + 1 ) )
= 2 πw { [ sin ( kd 0 ) - sin ( kd 1 ) ] + [ sin ( kd 2 ) - sin ( kd 3 ) ] + . . . + [ sin ( kd 2 m ) - sin ( kd 2 m + 1 ) ] }
= 2 πw Σ m = 0 N ( ( - 1 ) m sin ( kd m ) )
因此, F n ( x ) = a 0 + Σ k = 1 ∞ a k cos ( kwx ) = 1 + 2 πw Σ k = 1 ∞ [ Σ m = 0 N ( ( - 1 ) m sin ( kd m ) ) cos ( kwx ) ] , d2m+1-d2m为空间二进制条纹的宽度,N=13时,Fn(x)的系数可求出:
ai={0.499908,-0.000057,0.000066,-0.000037,-0.000003,-0.000009,-0.00020,
0.000021,0.008906,0.000044,-0.158982,0.000072,0.300597,0.000049,
-0.158932,0.000053,0.008792,0.000026,0.000935,0.000003}
如图4所示为Fn(x)的图像,即该光栅的频谱图像。从图4上可以看出,偶次频率处的值等于零,在3、5、7、9次频率处的值趋近于零,在11f0、13f0、15f0处才出现第二个峰值,由于使用高频的三角波作为载波调制正弦波可以使得谐波得到抑制,并且使得第二个峰值出现的高频处,镜头投射该光栅到被测物体表面的正弦图样就具有很高的明暗对比度。

Claims (3)

1.一种使用频率调制方法来设计正弦光栅的方法,即通过把时间维的频率调制应用到空间维的频率调制方法,使用时间维的高频三角波作为载波来调制正弦波,前提是三角波的频率要高于被调制的正弦波,具体调制方法为:用正弦波与三角波进行比较,如果正弦波幅值大于三角波幅值,相应调制后的幅值为1,否则,幅值为0,则可以生成不等间距的空间二进制条纹,利用该空间条纹刻制的光栅再经镜头向被测物体表面投射,可以得到高质量的正弦图样。
2.用权利1提出的空间维的频率调制方法进行光栅设计。
3.将权利2设计的光栅应用于三维轮廓测量工程技术中。
CN2012100159998A 2012-01-19 2012-01-19 一种用于光学三维轮廓测量的正弦光栅的设计 Pending CN102564349A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102589477A (zh) * 2012-02-14 2012-07-18 乔付 光学三维轮廓测量中正弦光栅的设计
CN102818540A (zh) * 2012-08-28 2012-12-12 西北工业大学 采用脉冲宽度调制技术的正弦条纹光栅的生成办法
CN102914276A (zh) * 2012-08-03 2013-02-06 南京理工大学 三维光学测量中基于三灰阶空间脉冲宽度调制的正弦光栅构造方法
CN109781000A (zh) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-21 西安交通大学 一种基于非等宽动态条纹空间编码的大尺寸空间动态测量系统及方法

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CN1693866A (zh) * 2005-05-18 2005-11-09 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 光学传递函数的测量方法及其装置
CN101067548A (zh) * 2007-06-08 2007-11-07 东南大学 基于直线相位的光栅自校正方法
US20080049328A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 Haixin Zhou Tunable diffraction grating having electro-optic material and method for operating same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1693866A (zh) * 2005-05-18 2005-11-09 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 光学传递函数的测量方法及其装置
US20080049328A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 Haixin Zhou Tunable diffraction grating having electro-optic material and method for operating same
CN101067548A (zh) * 2007-06-08 2007-11-07 东南大学 基于直线相位的光栅自校正方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102589477A (zh) * 2012-02-14 2012-07-18 乔付 光学三维轮廓测量中正弦光栅的设计
CN102914276A (zh) * 2012-08-03 2013-02-06 南京理工大学 三维光学测量中基于三灰阶空间脉冲宽度调制的正弦光栅构造方法
CN102914276B (zh) * 2012-08-03 2015-04-22 南京理工大学 三维光学测量中基于三灰阶空间脉冲宽度调制的正弦光栅构造方法
CN102818540A (zh) * 2012-08-28 2012-12-12 西北工业大学 采用脉冲宽度调制技术的正弦条纹光栅的生成办法
CN109781000A (zh) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-21 西安交通大学 一种基于非等宽动态条纹空间编码的大尺寸空间动态测量系统及方法

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