CN102562069A - Fluid filling and replacement mining technology for coal bed on highly confined water body - Google Patents
Fluid filling and replacement mining technology for coal bed on highly confined water body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filling and replacement mining technology for a coal bed on a highly confined water body. The mining technology achieves high consolidated filling body concentration and good flowing property through the processes such as filling grouting station site selection, design of an underground feed borehole and a slurry conveying pipeline and working face roadway layout; the automatic control of a whole ground system, from material adding, mixing to conveying, is achieved; the mining technology has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, real-time monitoring, uneasiness in pipe blocking, appropriate strength and the like; the operability is strong; one roadway serving one mining area is achieved; the drivage ratio is lowered; the resource recovery rate is increased; the coal bed threatened by water is exploited safely; the problems of land occupation of coal gangue, environmental pollution, surface subsidence and the like are solved; the coal resource recovery rate is increased; and the economic, social and ecological benefits are significant.
Description
One, affiliated technical field
Type of the present invention relates to a kind of pit mining technology, a kind of specifically production technique of preventing and treating water damage.
Two, background technology
With the extension of pit mining level and the prolongation of the length of service, receive water to threaten coal amount ratio to increase year by year, receive the water threaten degree serious further.With coalfield, Feicheng is example, and coalfield, Feicheng is that hydrogeological conditions is extremely complicated, is well-known big flood mining area, the whole nation, from the nineteen sixty-five exploitation down since the group coal, has taken place surplus the base plate gushing water 300 time, and the water yield is greater than 1000m
38 times of/h, maximum gushing water amount is 32970m
3/ h floods well 4 times, and waterflooding is flat once floods the exploiting field once, and the water yield is greater than 30m
3/ h has 125 times, has caused enormous economic loss.By the year ends 2010, receive water to threaten the coal amount to account for 70.2% of mining area recoverable reserves.Although, explored some ways having done a large amount of work aspect the water damage improvement, obtained some experiences, but still existed many difficult problems, can't fundamentally solve water damage and threaten, have the danger of flooding well constantly, analyze reason have following some:
(1) complicated hydrogeological conditions: the one, structure development, especially buried structure are grown, and fracture structure makes the coal seam contact with the basal water counterpart, and threaten degree is big.The 2nd, basal water (Xu Jia village limestone, Ordovician system limestone) watery is strong, and spacing is little, and hydraulic connection is close, and the nourishment source is sufficient, and difficulty of governance is big.Three exploitation absolute altitudes are dark, hydraulic pressure big, the ore deposit crushes the bad degree of depth big (surveyed Cao Zhuan ore deposit 8812, the 9604 work plane base plate maximal destruction degree of depth by University Of Science and Technology Of Shandong and reach 36.5m, 14.2m respectively in 2003), and the gushing water probability is big.The 4th, the limestone spacing is little apart from the Xu Jia village under the working seam, about general 18m, and the direct gushing water of exploitation under the effect of hydraulic pressure and ore deposit pressure, grey spacing difficult to understand is little, meets latent crack or tomography and can cause Ordovician karst water directly outstanding, threatens mine safety production.
(2) hydrogeological conditions is unclear, and along with the deepening of pit mining level, degree of prospecting is low, and hydrological data is few, construct unclear, the watery utmost point heterogeneity in aquifer, the connectivity in crack is poor, to make difficulty big in the control water conservancy project.
(3) the anti-measure of harnessing the river can't adapt to complicated hydrogeological conditions fully; Although taked the expansion drainability, set up the waterproof isolation facility, floor grouting has been reinforced, stop barrier pillar, localized mass section curtain dams and measure such as draining depressurization; But still can not guarantee not water outlet, mine still receives water damage and threatens.But the existing anti-measure of harnessing the river can not adapt to the complicated hydrogeological conditions in deep fully, receives the restriction of high hydraulic pressure in deep and aquifer cranny development rule, and existing grouting equipment can not satisfy the requirement of slip casting, and setting-out does not advance in the hole, can't the slip casting transformation; Dredge and to fall and be difficult to find rich water crack crack; The ore deposit, deep is pressed and is manifested acutely, and plate destructing depth is big, is prone to cause gushing water; Grey top karst law of development difficult to understand and watery are unclear, also do not find the effective anti-method of harnessing the river of administering ash difficult to understand at present.Therefore it is extremely urgent to explore the new anti-technology of harnessing the river.Carry out filling mining and can reduce the ore deposit and press and manifest and, water damage is administered play a key effect the collapse dept of base plate.
The research of the base plate gushing water problem that for many years working seam on the artesian water is caused, Chinese scholars has been carried out some useful exploration and trials.Abroad filling method use wider, from the thirties in 20th century so far, states such as Canada, Australia, the former Soviet Union, Germany, South Africa priority is applied to filling method during metal mine exploits, main purpose prevents ground settlement, has obtained remarkable result.But utilizing the filling mining solution to prevent and treat water problems does not also find on relevant document at present.
Present domestic filling mining is a kind of to be to be charges with solids such as spoil, flyash.The ore deposit, Xingtai is to carry out filling with semi-saturation spoil and flyash, and purpose is to reclaim the surface plant coal column, reduces the influence to above ground structure, and this technology is relatively poor to control ground settlement effect.The 2nd, be charges with the high concentration paste body filling.At present success is used has peaceful colliery, Jining, new ore deposit group Sun Cun colliery, Wang Zhuan colliery, Zibo City.Peaceful colliery, Jining paste body filling system formally came into operation in May, 2006; Adopt the slip preparation and the conveying technology of Germany; Invest more than 6,000 ten thousand yuan; Add the special glue ramming material and water is mixed with the paste slip with Si He river sand, fly ash in electric power plant, lotion concentration is controlled at 75%～80%, is pumped to the underground filling exploiting field; New ore deposit group Sun Cun colliery is like lotion gravity flow filling technique; This project put into operation in March, 2006; Accident hole system calibrating experimental stage, down-hole are discarded the tunnel pilot-plant test stage, move towards the longwell paste-like backfill commerical test stage, are faced upward the developmental research that oblique longwell paste-like backfill is exploited 4 stages through the face of land, have obtained success at last.This technology is casting resin with cement, flyash, gangue and early strength admixture, process according to a certain ratio 72%～75% high concentration like original text somaplasm body, realized that the gravity flow of 3 times of stowing gradients is carried, effectively controlled surface subsidence.It is main high-water expansion investigation of materials with flyash that the Zibo City has carried out in the Wang Zhuan colliery in recent years; Filler is mainly flyash, water and swelling agent, slurry concentration 60%, expansion rate 8～10%; Realized long distance gravity flow conveying and initiatively connect the top problem, filling effect is better.
Above-mentioned technology all is used for railways and water-bodies; Purpose is to solve the ground settlement problem, but truly utilize filling mining to solve on the high artesian body coal seam safe working technology and press in this filling state lower shoe collapse dept, ore deposit manifest rule, face of land rock moves the rule scheduling theory and still belongs to the first at home.
The fluid-filled replacement exploitation technical research in coal seam on the high artesian body is carried out in mining area, Feicheng; Be not only the model that filling mining research combines with scientific practice; Its filling mining theoretical research result will make up the comprehensive technology approach of karst water control on the seam mining high artesian body of deep; For base plate karst water control in northern China coalfield provides valuable experience for reference and reference, abundant and development China mine water control theory and technology.
Three, summary of the invention
Adopt following technical scheme for solving above technical problem the present invention
1, coal seam filling replacement exploitation technology adopts following steps on a kind of high artesian body:
A: the confirming of filling and injecting slurry station addressing;
B: filler and filling process are confirmed; Filler: glue is expected admittedly, spoil powder, flyash, and three's proportionate relationship is: 1.8:6:6; Filling slurries mass percent concentration: 60%, proportion: 1.56; Filling process is: filling preparation → water-filling pigging → mortar pushes away water → spoil slurry and pushes away mortar → mortar and push away spoil slurry → water and push away mortar → water-filling pigging → high-pressure blast blowpipe, and filling system is divided into ground and down-hole two parts; Ground system by system material system, aggregate-storing system, power supply water system, automatically control and metering system, monitoring communication system, emergency disposal system totally six parts form; Downhole system is total to two parts by pipeline induction system and work plane shelves slurry system and forms
C: down-hole feeding boring and grout pipe line design;
D: roadway workface is arranged
E: the coal winning technology coal winning technology adopts: termination machine nest and work plane are pressed and are bombarded last row's pillar → making of drag conveyor → Zhi Jiben pillar → prop drawing (4 cuttves of mining, prop drawing 3 rows) → press retaining slurry curtain → return of coalingging → move of eye, powder charge → explosion → start nest, coal cutting → burst pressure big gun → loose machine and keep off and starch wall → filling → obturation and solidify.
In the technique scheme in the filling system ground system mainly form by following:
(1) system material system: form by a crushing engine, a screening machine, a vertical elevator, 7 spoil broken material belt conveyors, a forklift;
(2) aggregate-storing system: 2 of flyash silos; One of the solid batch can of glue; One in spoil powder jar; One in spoil powder storing canopy;
(3) power supply water system;
(4) control and metering system automatically: comprise main control device, collection control equipment, pneumatic control equipment, mixer, conveying worm, measure control equipment;
(5) monitoring communication system: comprise TV monitor system, camera, GCS Ground Communication System, filling pipeline communication equipment;
(6) emergency disposal system: Emergent water tank, flush water pump and pressure fan are established in the surface grout injection station.
Adopt the present technique scheme to mainly contain following technique effect: (1) can effectively be controlled country rock and move; Reduce strata behaviors intensity; Reduce and the transfer bearing pressure, suppress base plate and heave, hinder the perforation of base plate and base plate Fu Shui rock stratum; Reduce plate destructing depth, the purpose that realizes safe working on the artesian water, changes coal with cash.
(2) formed consolidated fill bulk concentration is high, and good flowing properties is like the lotion state, is transported to the goaf through pipeline self, efficiently solves hidden danger such as goaf spontaneous fire, old empty water, base plate water, pernicious gas, has limited the rock stratum again and has moved.
(3) entirely plane system has all been realized automation control from interpolation, stirring, the conveying of material, possesses monitoring simple to operate, real-time, is difficult for plugging, characteristics such as intensity is suitable, and is workable.
(4) realize exploiting field of service, a tunnel, reduced drivage ratio, improved resource recovery.
(5) this technology maybe for seriously receiving water to threaten the safe working in coal seam to provide; Both safe extraction receive water to threaten the coal seam; Solved problems such as gangue occupation of land, environment pollution, surface subsidence again, improved coal recovery rate, economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits are remarkable.
Four, the specific embodiment
This embodiment adopts inclination shortwall advancing coal-mining method, and the high-grade conventional mining mode is mined.DW-150 type coal-winning machine falls, coalings, SGB-150C type scratch board conveyor fortune coal, hydraulic prop band cap coupled columns supporting roof; See four times one the mode of propping up back; Spoil slurry filling method management top board, full-seam mining, advance of working cycle 1.0m; Take the mode of continuous exploitation, interval filling, each advance of the face 4.0m filling once.
Coal winning technology is selected: termination machine nest and work plane are pressed and are bombarded last row's pillar → making of drag conveyor → Zhi Jiben pillar → prop drawing (4 cuttves of mining, prop drawing 3 rows) → press retaining slurry curtain → return of coalingging → move of eye, powder charge → explosion → start nest, coal cutting → burst pressure big gun → loose machine and keep off and starch wall → filling → obturation and solidify.
The minimum and maximum distance of face roof under control
Work plane adopts 3-4 row control top mode, sees that the maximum distance of face roof under control is 4.4m four times one, and the minimum distance of face roof under control is 3.4m; The coal-winning machine penetration of a cutting tool tiltedly stubble place distance of face roof under control can expand 5.4m to.
Filling process
The work plane filling
Work plane adopts the control top mode of seeing four times, and work plane whenever pushes to adopt 4m, makes once retaining slurry curtain, carries out the filling of a spoil slurry.
For reliability, usability and the economy that guarantees goaf filling, make barricade and carry out filling with hydraulic prop, retaining slurry cord, construction steel template.
The filling process flow process
Filling preparation → water-filling pigging → mortar pushes away water → spoil slurry and pushes away mortar → mortar and push away spoil slurry → water and push away mortar → water-filling pigging → high-pressure blast blowpipe.
Retaining slurry wall is made
The making of retaining slurry wall is divided into 2 parts, and a part belongs to work plane to be stayed along sky and establish transportation and stay the lane to lean on goaf a gang of retaining slurry wall, and another part belongs to work plane circulation retaining slurry wall.
1. the manufacturing materials of retaining slurry wall: the DZ2.0-2.5 hydraulic prop that face timbering is used, retaining slurry cord (100m * 3m), belt, construction steel template, iron wire etc.Before making retaining slurry wall, must be ready to make the various materials of retaining slurry wall.
2. establish the transportation lane and lean on goaf two to help, establish the making that goaf a gang of retaining slurry wall is leaned in the air intake lane along empty staying: leaning on a gang of base plate in goaf to clean the floating cash of clean float coal, be folded to goaf 0.2-0.5m to the cord lower end, be tiled on the base plate along empty staying; Be pressed on the cord with spoil, push down cord 0.2 m with plate-girder then, a hydraulic prop on plate-girder; Post is apart from 0.5m; The other end of mentioning cord is pushed down the upper end of cord with plate-girder, hydraulic prop is risen withstand plate-girder; At the inboard main retaining slurry of the construction steel template conduct body of wall that uses of hydraulic prop, drain into last row's pillar of top board and work plane successively again.The construction steel template is fixed on the hydraulic prop with iron wire, and support force of single-column reaches and the equal requirement of work plane, and it is anti-down that pillar is all fastened rope.
3. the making of work plane circulation retaining slurry wall: during work plane Zhi Qisi row pillar, set up divider wall with belt and retaining slurry cord at goaf side the 2nd row's pillar reciprocal.Retaining slurry cord lower end is folded to old empty side 0.5m, all press with spoil tight, returned the 4th row's pillar after, pull-up retaining slurry cord, the upper end is used column cap to push down retaining and is starched cord, cord will expose column cap 200mm, 2 layers of belt of external application are fastened from bottom to top in the end and one are arranged on the pillar.Belt will leave base plate 300mm, blocks cord with big basketry at the bottom of the belt.In the end install close standing props between row's coupled columns after having kept off belt, block belt.Pressing between retaining slurry curtain and the retaining slurry curtain batch sews on closes tight the connection.
4. stay along sky and establish the transportation lane, stay along sky and establish air intake lane and work plane retaining slurry wall and want strictness to set quality, the ore deposit chief engineer organizes the special messenger to check and accept, and can carry out filling after qualified.
(1) 1, filling system
Filler: glue is expected admittedly, spoil powder, flyash, and three's proportionate relationship is: 1.8:6:6.Filling slurries mass percent concentration: 60%; Proportion: 1.56.
Filling intensity:
Filling method: the filling slurries flow automatically to the underground work face goaf through feedhole and filling pipeline.Fill up ground face mouth absolute altitude :+114.4m, absolute altitude at the bottom of the hole :-240m, hole depth: 354.4m, the work plane absolute altitude :-360～-397.7m; Filling pipeline length: 1850m; The filling discrepancy in elevation: 512m, stowing gradient: δ=3.6.
Filling system: whole system is divided ground and down-hole two parts.System has realized automatic control from interpolation, stirring, the conveying of material, has monitoring simple to operate, real-time, is difficult for plugging, characteristics such as intensity is suitable.Ground system by system material system, aggregate-storing system, power supply water system, automatically control and metering system, monitoring communication system, emergency disposal system totally six parts form; Downhole system is total to two parts by pipeline induction system and work plane shelves slurry system and forms.
Ground system:
(1) system material system: form by a crushing engine, a screening machine, a vertical elevator, 7 spoil broken material belt conveyors, a forklift.Fragmentation, screening, hoisting power are 100～150t/h, and spoil finished product granularity≤5mm, system synthesis stowage capacity are 100～120 t/h.
(2) aggregate-storing system: 2 of flyash silos, volume 100 m
3/ individual; One of the solid batch can of glue, volume 100 m
3One in spoil powder jar, volume 150m
3One in spoil powder storing canopy can store 3000m
34 belt conveyors and a material loading forklift.
(3) power supply water system: establish a house substation, the transformer of two 800KVA and corollary equipment, primary voltage 6KV; Output voltage 380V and 220V, equipment total load 665KW, wherein crushing system 440KW; Pulping system 225KW, control and illuminator 25KW in addition.The filling water source is the down-hole sewer, and water supply capacity is 200m
3/ h comprises reservoir (500m
3), 5 water pumps (wherein 2 subsequent use), pipeline 5 times, measure control equipment 1 cover etc.
(4) control and metering system automatically: comprise main control device 1 cover, collection control equipment 1 cover, the control point is 28 automatically, pneumatic control equipment one cover, 2 in mixer, 4 of conveying worms, measure control equipment 4 covers etc.Possess characteristics such as simple to operate, accurate measurement.
(5) monitoring communication system: establish TV monitor system 1 cover, 16 of cameras, 2 ones of ground landline telephones, 4 ones of Personal Handyphone Systems, 6 ones of Walkie talkies, underground filling pipeline are installed fixing 5 phones along the line, have realized the visualized management in the unimpeded and crucial place of communication.
(6) emergency disposal system: 1 of Emergent water tank is established at the surface grout injection station, and in a single day each 1 of flush water pump and pressure fan have a power failure or cut off the water in the slip casting process, in time handle.
Downhole system:
(1) pipeline induction system: send the slurry pipeline to form by upright hole, two ground and down-hole.Full bore down into the vertical hole diameter Φ146 × 13mm ceramic composite anti-Mo pipe 350m, 6m one, welding connection; underground slurry pipeline transportation Φ108 × 6mm, length 1850m, tube head pressure by a dedicated slot machines repression, high pressure card column butt, every one hundred meters set up a blind tee key parts install pressure gauges, priming of the entire state of the real-time monitoring and emergency treatment.
(2) work plane shelves slurry system: form by 3 parts; The one, be the making of work plane shelves slurry curtain: shelves slurry cloth is the drainage woven bag; Specification is length * wide=100 * 3m, accomplish during making real with the fixing back of the body of pillar pawl, down with fixedly compacting of disintegrating slag, middlely lean on caving row's close standing props and fix on it with a shelves laitance coating band supplemental support, back; The 2nd, work plane slips a making of gob side entry retaining side shelves slurry wall, and a shelves slurry wall adopts a shelves slurry cloth, shelves slurry steel form and close standing props to make, and accomplishes to bind, compacting down, and the outside of wall sets the post of hesitating to advance and fixes, and prevents the outflow of filling slurries.
Roadway arrangement
For preventing the slurries outflow, reduce the pressure of gob side entry retaining side shelves cash wall, the tunnel is all arranged by the coal seam tendency, is faced upward during back production and adopt.For ease of stoping-and-filling, with being that 81006 work planes that move towards to arrange are divided into I, II, III, four inclination shortwalls of IV and carry out the back production filling from inside to outside successively originally, 81006 I section work plane sand ofves, 81006 II, III section to hand-pulled noodles just in back production.The 81006I face only arranges that is cut an eye, a return airway, and the transportation lane is not at driving, but with adopting with pick, gob side entry retaining is as following return airway; 81006 II, III section are to the hand-pulled noodles intermediate transportation lane of only constructing, two sections air intake lanes, and III section headentry carries out gob side entry retaining, the tunnel clear span 2.7m that is constructed, clear height 2m, section 5.4m
2Draft type is that " Z " font is ventilated, and the work plane driving reduces by a tunnel.
Claims (2)
1. coal seam filling replacement exploitation technology is characterized in that adopting following steps on the high artesian body:
A: the confirming of filling and injecting slurry station addressing;
B: filler and filling process are confirmed; Filler: glue is expected admittedly, spoil powder, flyash, and three's proportionate relationship is: 1.8:6:6; Filling slurries mass percent concentration: 60%, proportion: 1.56; Filling process is: filling preparation → water-filling pigging → mortar pushes away water → spoil slurry and pushes away mortar → mortar and push away spoil slurry → water and push away mortar → water-filling pigging → high-pressure blast blowpipe, and filling system is divided into ground and down-hole two parts; Ground system by system material system, aggregate-storing system, power supply water system, automatically control and metering system, monitoring communication system, emergency disposal system totally six parts form; Downhole system is total to two parts by pipeline induction system and work plane shelves slurry system and forms;
C: down-hole feeding boring and grout pipe line design;
D: roadway workface is arranged;
E: the coal winning technology coal winning technology adopts: termination machine nest and work plane are pressed and are bombarded last row's pillar → making of drag conveyor → Zhi Jiben pillar → prop drawing (4 cuttves of mining, prop drawing 3 rows) → press retaining slurry curtain → return of coalingging → move of eye, powder charge → explosion → start nest, coal cutting → burst pressure big gun → loose machine and keep off and starch wall → filling → obturation and solidify.
2. coal seam filling replacement exploitation technology on the high artesian body according to claim 1 is characterized in that ground system mainly is made up of following in the filling system:
(1) system material system: form by a crushing engine, a screening machine, a vertical elevator, 7 spoil broken material belt conveyors, a forklift;
(2) aggregate-storing system: 2 of flyash silos; One of the solid batch can of glue; One in spoil powder jar; One in spoil powder storing canopy;
(3) power supply water system;
(4) control and metering system automatically: comprise main control device, collection control equipment, pneumatic control equipment, mixer, conveying worm, measure control equipment;
(5) monitoring communication system: comprise TV monitor system, camera, GCS Ground Communication System, filling pipeline communication equipment;
(6) emergency disposal system: Emergent water tank, flush water pump and pressure fan are established in the surface grout injection station.
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| CN102937035A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-20 | 四川省煤炭产业集团有限责任公司 | Method for rock mining and filling in mine goaf |
| CN104775818A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-15 | 太原理工大学 | Method for performing ascending re-mining on hollow coal bed by column with one completely-filled side |
| CN104832174A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-08-12 | 太原理工大学 | Method of beside-pillar double-side total-filling ascending re-mining overhead coal seam |
| CN110924984A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 北京中科中电电力工程管理有限公司 | Tunnel grouting equipment and process |
| CN112360462A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-02-12 | 唐山立锦通科技有限公司 | Mining process for filling and grouting short-wall fully-mechanized mining gangue |
| CN115539122A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2022-12-30 | 山西正大恒通科技有限公司 | Coal gangue underground filling system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102937035A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-20 | 四川省煤炭产业集团有限责任公司 | Method for rock mining and filling in mine goaf |
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| CN104775818A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-07-15 | 太原理工大学 | Method for performing ascending re-mining on hollow coal bed by column with one completely-filled side |
| CN104832174A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-08-12 | 太原理工大学 | Method of beside-pillar double-side total-filling ascending re-mining overhead coal seam |
| CN104775818B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2017-01-18 | 太原理工大学 | Method for performing ascending re-mining on hollow coal bed by column with one completely-filled side |
| CN110924984A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 北京中科中电电力工程管理有限公司 | Tunnel grouting equipment and process |
| CN112360462A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-02-12 | 唐山立锦通科技有限公司 | Mining process for filling and grouting short-wall fully-mechanized mining gangue |
| CN115539122A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2022-12-30 | 山西正大恒通科技有限公司 | Coal gangue underground filling system and method |
| CN115539122B (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-02-28 | 山西正大恒通科技有限公司 | Coal gangue underground filling system and method |
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|---|---|
| CN102562069B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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