CN102559773B - A kind of many raw materials mix the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property - Google Patents
A kind of many raw materials mix the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to organic solid waste process field, disclose the method that a kind of many raw materials nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves anaerobic gas generation property.The method is by debirs (straw, house refuse, feces etc.) achieve the nearly synchronous fermentation of plurality of raw materials by various methods, as carried out pretreatment, material (such as the straw etc.) fermentation period making fermentation period length shortens, the average fermentation cycle closer to mixed material, make digestible material (such as changing food waste, feces etc.) fermentation period proper extension, pretreated material combined inoculation anaerobic digestion methane production, the material aerogenesis cycle making the material of anaerobic digestion cycle length short with the cycle reaches the most synchronize, thus realize the nearly synchronous fermentation of material.The method technique is simple, workable, has processed two kinds and above multiple organic solid waste the most simultaneously, and the cumulative gas production of unit VS (volatile solid) material averagely can improve 15%～60%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic solid waste process field, specifically relate to a kind of many raw materials and mix nearly synchronous fermentation
Synergism improves the method for anaerobic gas generation property
Background technology
China is the country that organic solid castoff yield is maximum in the world, produce the most every year more than 700,000,000 ton straw, 30
The feces of livestock and poultry of many hundred million tons, and the fruit and vegerable refuse that there are about more than 100,000,000 ton every year is dropped, and the daily output of only Pekinese's changing food waste
Amount has just reached 1700t.Single with straw as fermentation raw material, straw carbon-nitrogen ratio is high, content of cellulose is high, nutrient deficiency,
The normal requirement sending out anaerobic fermentation can not be met, start time row, digestion period length, degradation rate during raw material anaerobic fermentation low；Excrement
Just material quantity is distributed relative distribution less, it is impossible to fully meet large-scale biogas production.Single with mud, kitchen, fruit and vegerable for sending out
Ferment raw material, containing multiple degradable composition in these raw materials, fermenting speed is fast, and in system, the nutrient such as carbon nitrogen is unbalanced, holds
Being easily caused acidifying, cause VFA accumulation in anaerobic System, pH reduces, and suppresses methanogen physiologically active, thus causes aerogenesis
Performance reduces, even anaerobic digestion failure.How nonsynchronous for fermentation period raw material hybrid anaerobic fermentation, overcome single
Drawback during ferment, makes mixing anaerobic digestion fully improve the nutrient needed for microbe survival, and the aerogenesis making various raw material is excellent
Gesture synchronizes or closely synchronizes, and various raw materials make up mutually respective shortcoming, produces and has complementary advantages so that it is advantage maximizes, and jointly carries
High biogas output is imperative.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of many raw materials nearly synchronous fermentation synergism to improve anaerobic gas generation property
Method, the nearly synchronous fermentation of raw material that the present invention proposes can promote that synergism produces, and the method can solve single raw material and detest
The problem that oxygen digestion exists, thus provide data foundation for engineering practice and raising gas production.
The present invention includes two aspects, is on the one hand how to make mixing raw material reach to synchronize or nearly synchronous fermentation, and how two be
Mixing raw material is made to produce synergism during nearly synchronous fermentation.
1. produce and synchronize or the method for nearly synchronous fermentation
1) the fermenting raw materials cycle time of fermentation period length is made
By the organic solid waste (straw etc.) of fermentation period length through physics (physics broken, high temperature), chemistry (low-kappa number
(dilute sulfuric acid etc.), oxygenation pretreatment (potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)2) and carbamide (CO
(NH2)3) etc.)) or Biological Pretreatment (compost, white rot fungi etc.) and fermentation period are short and material (the house refuse easily fermented
(kitchen, fruit and vegerable etc.), feces etc.) hybrid anaerobic fermentation, the material degraded of earlier fermentation biogas the most easily fermentation produces, in
The biogas in later stage is that both act on generation jointly, and average daily output tolerance can maintain a level continuously so that it is with anaerobism
Fermentation period short material aerogenesis cycle reaches closely to synchronize, thus realizes the nearly synchronous fermentation of material.
2) acidificatoin time of the short easy acidifying material of fermentation period is controlled by the method for TPAD so that it is acidifying class
Type is that type (as the acetic acid type ferments) material that easily the fermentative acidification time is short by fruit and vegerable, kitchen etc. being of value to anaerobic fermentation smashes
After be introduced into acidifying phase reactor, after 3～10 days, the composition such as the protein of macromole, fat has changed into can be by
The ethanol that methane backeria directly utilizes and the VFA based on acetic acid, now add methane by the discharging of acidifying phase contrary
Answer the anaerobic digestion carried out in device, good effect can be produced.
3) material that fermentation period is moderate carries out pretreatment
For the material that fermentation period is moderate, the trace element needed for its fermentation can be added, thus realize and fermentation week
Phase length or the digestion of fermentation period short mixing anaerobic realize the digestion of nearly synchronous anaerobic.
2. mixing raw material produces synergistic method during nearly synchronous fermentation
So-called synergism refers to that the mixed indices of raw material meets the optimal parameter of anaerobic digestion condition as far as possible, makes
The gas deliverability of every kind of raw material in mixed material reaches to maximize as far as possible, or the degraded of one or more of which raw material can promote
Enter the gas generation property of another kind of or several raw material.
1) material that easily acidifying material is high with basicity mixes
A) material anaerobic digestion under high-load condition after pretreatment such as straw, usually can lead due to easy acidifying
Cause to ferment unsuccessfully.And add the high material hybrid anaerobic fermentation of the basicity such as cattle manure and can well avoid the generation of acidifying, make anaerobism
Digestion is normally carried out.
B) by material hybrid anaerobic fermentation high for the material basicity this with municipal sludge of the easily acidifying such as fruit and vegerable, kitchen, city
During political affairs are polluted, element enriches, and can well regulate nutrient required in anaerobic digestion.When fruit and vegerable, kitchen are with 9: 2 (TS
Than) mixing, and when added sludge quantity is 15000mg/L, gas generation property is optimum, does not now occur VFA in reaction system
(VFA) accumulates, and reaction starts fast, and aerogenesis is stable.
2) rich nitrogen raw material digests with carbon-rich materials mixing anaerobic
By pretreated carbon-rich materials (corn stalk, wheat straw and Caulis et Folium Oryzae etc.) and rich nitrogen raw material (human excrement, chicken manure, pig manure and
Cattle manure etc.) mixing anaerobic digestion can well regulate in digestion required nutrient, gives full play to the collaborative of various material
Effect is so that aerogenesis time, speed equilibrium, and hybrid anaerobic fermentation makes the nutritive element balance needed for microbe survival, both
Synergism is the key factor that its gas production improves, and mixing anaerobic digestion substantially reduces the response time, the basicity of Digestive system
It is in the optimum range of anaerobic digestion.
The invention provides a kind of many raw materials and mix the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property, its feature
It is:
Organic solid waste being carried out physics crush, kitchen and fruit vegetable powder are broken into fluid state scoriform, powder of straw be broken into 1～
After proceeding through NaOH solution pretreatment that mass concentration is 2% after 5cm 3 days, after straw pretreatment, press dry TS with feces
Mass ratio be 0.4: 1～6: 1 ratio be sufficiently mixed, dry refer to fresh feed deduct moisture after material, following ratio is such as
It is dry TS mass ratio without explanation；
Mixed material is put in anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, adds seed sludge, and seed sludge used is to run surely
Fixed sewage treatment plant or the digested sludge of methane station, its pH value is 7.0～8.2, and TS is 3%～13%, ammonia nitrogen value be 100～
800mg/L, is sufficiently stirred for making material homogeneous, and the addition of seed sludge is 10000～20000mg/L, quality in terms of TS, volume
For reactor working volume；The constant volume that adds water makes the concentration of material in reactor be 20g～80gTS L-1, close anaerobic digestion anti-
Answering device, reactor gas outlet is connected by the device of appendix with metering biogas, and reaction temperature controls at 35 ± 2 DEG C, and anaerobism disappears
Stirring is provided during change, biogas in 12 hours, can be produced.
Or fruit and vegerable, kitchen and seed sludge hybrid anaerobic fermentation, fruit and vegerable and seed sludge are outwelled supernatant through centrifugal
It is sufficiently mixed in anaerobic digestion reaction vessel with the ratio of 14: 5～11: 1 with kitchen after liquid and carries out anaerobic fermentation, added sludge quantity
Being 10000～20000mg/L, in the constant volume reactor that adds water, the concentration of material is for making 20gTS L-1～60gTS L-1, close
Anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, reactor gas outlet is connected by the device of appendix with metering biogas, and reaction temperature controls 35 ± 2
DEG C, anaerobic digestion process provides stirring, biogas in 12 hours, can be produced.
Further, will through the pretreated corn stalk of NaOH and chicken manure with 1: 1～2: 1 ratio hybrid anaerobic fermentation,
The pretreated wheat straw of NaOH mixes with 1: 1～6: 1 with cattle manure；Pretreated wheat straw and human excrement are with 2.75～0.4: 1 ratio
Mixing.
Further, it is characterised in that: kitchen, fruit and vegerable are with 9: 2 than mixing, and described ratio is dry TS mass ratio.
Further, it is characterised in that: the addition of seed sludge is 15000mg/L, and quality is in terms of TS.
Further, the pretreated corn stalk of NaOH and chicken manure with 1: 2 ratio hybrid anaerobic fermentation, pretreated wheat
Straw mix with 0.4: 1 ratio with human excrement.
(1) measure gas production and gas ingredients every day, work as CH4When content reaches more than 50%, it is believed that enter methanation
Stage and reactor successfully start up.Through anaerobic digestion in 50～60 days, gas production was decreased obviously, and the same day, volume gas production was less than
Reactor volume 5%～10% time, it is believed that anaerobic digestion gas production terminates.
(2) method by using step (1) will be through 2% (mass concentration) pretreated corn stalk of NaOH and chicken manure
With the ratio hybrid anaerobic fermentation of 1: 1～2: 1, the C:N in reaction system reaches between 18～24, it is recommended that when ratio is 1: 2 be
Digestic property and the stability of system are optimum, and its basicity value is at 3360～8400mg L-1；The pretreated wheat straw of NaOH
Mixing with 1: 1～6: 1 with cattle manure, the ammonia nitrogen value of anaerobic system is 210mg L-1～336mg L-1, within beneficial margin,
Basicity value is 2230mg L-1～5320mg L-1, have good system buffer ability；Pretreated wheat straw and human excrement with
2.75～0.4: 1 ratio mixing, it is recommended that when ratio is 0.4: 1, its gas generation property reaches optimum.Single straw and single feces are detested
The hydraulic detention time (HRT) of aerobe fermentation is respectively 50 days and 20 days, and the hydraulic detention time of mixing anaerobic digestion can contract
It is as short as 15～30 days.The basicity of Digestive system can reach 3300mg L-1～7800mg L-1, system has the strongest stability.
(3) by municipal sludge hybrid anaerobic fermentation high to the material (fruit and vegerable, kitchen) being easily acidified and basicity, use and step
(1) identical experimental technique, fruit and vegerable and municipal sludge through centrifugal outwell supernatant after with kitchen with 14: 5～11: 1 ratio
Being sufficiently mixed and carry out anaerobic fermentation, fruit and vegerable and municipal sludge greatly reduce through centrifugal volume, it is recommended that ratio and sludge quantity be:
Kitchen, fruit and vegerable are with 9: 2 (TS ratio) mixing, and added sludge quantity is 15000mg/L, and now gas generation property is optimum, now reaction system
In do not occur that VFA (VFA) accumulates, reaction starts fast, and aerogenesis is stable.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
1. technique is simple, workable
2. debirs (straw, house refuse, feces etc.) are carried out pretreatment by the method, make the material of fermentation period length
(such as straw etc.) fermentation period shortens so that it is close to the average fermentation cycle of mixed material, make digestible material (such as kitchen
Rubbish, feces etc.) fermentation period proper extension, pretreated material combined inoculation anaerobic digestion methane production so that anaerobism
The material of digestion period length material aerogenesis cycle short with the cycle reaches the most synchronize, thus realizes the nearly synchronous fermentation of material.No
But process two kinds and above organic solid waste simultaneously, and improve biomass in the digestion of various material mixing anaerobic
Biological transformation ratio.The gas generation property of pretreatment corn stalk and the digestion of chicken manure different proportion mixing anaerobic is significantly better than single raw material
Gas generation property, wherein pretreatment corn stalk and chicken manure dry ratio be 1: 2 cumulative gas production the highest place an order than same load
The cumulative gas production same period of one corn stalk exceeds 162.21%, 86.75%, 28.86% respectively；Pretreatment wheat straw is different with cattle manure
During the digestion of ratio mixing anaerobic, the cumulative gas production of its mixed material anaerobic digestion reaches maximum, wherein 6: 1 when
65gTS·L-1Under unit VS gas production can reach 335.36mL gVS-1, for the maximum in all proportions and load；
When pretreatment wheat straw and the digestion of human excrement different proportion mixing anaerobic, when the cumulative gas production that mixed proportion is 0.4: 1 reaches mixing
Peak in ratio, C/N ratio now is to be the optimum of anaerobic digestion at 25: 1, and its unit VS gas production can reach 240-
330mL·gVS-1；When changing food waste, fruit and vegerable rubbish and mud different proportion mixing anaerobic digest dry ratio be 9: 2 tired
Long-pending gas production is the highest, and its unit TS methane production can reach 540mL gTS-1～600mL gTS-1。
3. mixing anaerobic digestion after debirs pretreatment is substantially improved the nutrient needed for microbe survival, many
The synergism planting material is the key factor that its gas production improves, its synergistic tribute during different material hybrid anaerobic fermentation
Offer rate and averagely can reach 13.21%～45%.Mixing anaerobic digestion substantially reduces the response time, and its hydraulic detention time can
To foreshorten to 15～30 days.And the chemical reagent such as carbamide need not be added to regulate the C:N of reaction mass, reduce investment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 (a) is the daily gas spirogram in embodiment 1
Fig. 1 (b) is the cumulative gas production figure in embodiment 1
Fig. 2 (a) is the daily gas spirogram in embodiment 2
Fig. 2 (b) is the unit TS aerogenesis spirogram in embodiment 2
Fig. 3 is the unit VS aerogenesis spirogram in embodiment 3
Fig. 4 is the unit TS methane total output figure of embodiment 4
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further elaborated
Embodiment 1
Pretreatment corn stalk and chicken manure different proportion mixing anaerobic digestion gas generation property
1) corn straw is crushed to 1～5cm through stalk crasher, with 2% (mass concentration) NaOH solution (interpolation of NaOH
Amount for corn straw dry weight 2%) mixing carry out pretreatment, the process time is 3 days；
2) by pulverize described in step 1 and pretreatment corn straw with go the chicken manure after the removal of impurity by dry biomass ratio
(dry refer to fresh feed deduct moisture after material) 1: 0,1: 1,1: 2,2: 1,0: 1 ratio (wherein 1: 0 and 0: 1 respectively
For for pure corn stalk and pure chicken manure) it is sufficiently mixed；
3) being put into by the compounding substances of step 2 gained in the conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel of 2L, adding seed sludge (should
Mud takes from depressed place, south, suburb, Shunyi, Beijing methane station), it is sufficiently mixed, the addition of seed sludge is 10000～20000mg/L
(in terms of TS, volume is reactor working volume to quality), the constant volume that adds water is to 1.5L；
4) in step 3 post-reactor, the concentration of material is respectively 50gTS L-1、65gTS·L-1、80gTS·L-1,
The most totally 3 loads, 5 kinds of ratios of each load.Closing conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel with rubber plug sealing, reactor gas outlet leads to
Crossing appendix to be connected with the device of draining note gas, reaction temperature controls in (35 ± 2) DEG C by air bath, in anaerobic digestion process
There is provided sufficiently stirring by temperature control shaking table, biogas in 12 hours, can be produced.
Through anaerobic digestion in 50～60 days, gas production was decreased obviously, and the same day, volume gas production was less than the 5% of reactor volume
～when 10%, it is believed that anaerobic digestion gas production terminates.
Wherein the seed sludge used by anaerobic digestion is the digested sludge of stable methane station, its pH value be 7.2～
8.2, TS is 5%～13%, and ammonia nitrogen value is 200～600mg/L, and its character can be varied from the difference of season and raw material, but
It is that the mud as anaerobic digestion all can reach identical aerogenesis effect.
Measuring the biogas output in gas bomb every day, each mixed proportion is at 50gTS L-1Daily output tolerance such as Fig. 1 (a) institute
Show, can significantly find out from figure, mixed material reaction the phase before in after all have biogas to produce, do not occur not aerogenesis with
The period of gas production degradation, and the pure corn straw of aerogenesis period ratio is short about 10 days.The accumulation aerogenesis of each mixed proportion
Amount is as shown in Fig. 1 (b), it can be seen that pretreatment corn stalk and chicken manure dry ratio be 1: 2 cumulative gas production the highest, wherein
50gTS·L-1Under per dry matter gas production can reach 610mL gVS-1, for the maximum in all proportions and load,
And the T of the mixing raw material that mixed proportion is 1: 290It is respectively 22 days, 26 days, 31 days, single corn stalk T than under same load90
Be advanced by 20 days respectively, 12 days, 7 days, exceed respectively than the cumulative gas production same period of corn stalk single under same load
162.21%, 86.75%, 28.86%, it can be seen that 50gTS L-1T90The shortest, under same load, mixed proportion is 1: 2
T90The shortest and cumulative gas production is the maximum in this load.Again with 50gTS L-1As a example by analyze corn stalk and chicken manure and mix
Close the synergism (see table) of both materials in anaerobic digestion and illustrate that, when corn stalk is identical with chicken manure content, mixing anaerobic disappears
The gas generation property changed is more preferable, and this is mainly due to the synergism of two kinds of materials, and its synergistic contribution rate can reach
14.38%～19.21%.Chicken manure mixes the nutrient that can well regulate in digestion system with corn stalk, improves system
Buffer capacity.
Table 1 corn stalk and synergism (the 50gTS L of chicken manure mixing anaerobic digestion-1)
Embodiment 2
Pretreatment wheat straw and cattle manure different proportion mixing anaerobic digestion gas generation property
1) the size-reduced machine of wheat straw is crushed to after 1～5cm that (addition of NaOH is straw with 2% (mass concentration) NaOH solution
The 2% of stalk dry weight) mixing carry out pretreatment, the process time is 3 days；
2) by the wheat straw of pulverizing pretreatment described in step 1, by dry biomass ratio, (dry refers to fresh feed with cattle manure
Deduct the material after moisture) ratio of 1: 0,1: 6,1: 1,6: 1,0: 1 (wherein 1: 0 and 0: 1 being respectively pure wheat straw and pure cattle manure)
It is sufficiently mixed；
3) being put into by the compounding substances of step 2 gained in the conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel of 2L, adding seed sludge (should
Mud takes from depressed place, south, suburb, Shunyi, Beijing methane station), it is sufficiently mixed, the addition of seed sludge is 10000～20000mg/L
(quality is in terms of TS), volume is reactor working volume), the constant volume that adds water is to 1.5L；
4) in step 3 post-reactor, the concentration of material is respectively 50gTS L-1、65gTS·L-1、80gTS·L-1,
The most totally 3 loads, 5 kinds of ratios of each load.Closing conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel with rubber plug sealing, reactor gas outlet leads to
Crossing appendix to be connected with the device of draining note gas, reaction temperature controls in (35 ± 2) DEG C by air bath, in anaerobic digestion process
There is provided sufficiently stirring by temperature control shaking table, biogas in 12 hours, can be produced.
Through anaerobic digestion in 50～60 days, gas production was decreased obviously, the same day volume gas production less than reaction volume 5%～
When 10%, it is believed that anaerobic digestion gas production terminates.
Same as Example 1, seed sludge has good versatility.
Measuring the biogas output in gas bomb every day, daily gas spirogram and unit TS aerogenesis spirogram are shown in Fig. 2 (a), (b).Knot
Fruit shows that the cumulative gas production so that pretreatment wheat straw and cattle manure dry ratio are 6: 1 is the highest, wherein 65gTS L-1Under unit
VS gas production can reach 335.36mL gVS-1, for the maximum in all proportions and load.And gas production improves mainly
Due to the synergism of two kinds of materials, its synergistic contribution rate can reach 13.21%～45.38%, wheat straw and cattle manure
Mixing can well regulate the nutrient in digestion system, and the ammonia nitrogen value of reactor is 210mg L-1～336mg L-1,
Within beneficial margin, basicity value is 2230mg L-1～5320mg L-1, have good system buffer ability.
Embodiment 3
Human excrement and pretreatment wheat straw different proportion mixing anaerobic digestion gas generation property
1) the size-reduced machine of wheat straw is crushed to after 3～5cm that (addition of NaOH is straw with 2% (mass concentration) NaOH solution
The 2% of stalk dry weight) mixing carry out pretreatment, the process time is 3 days；
2) (volatility is done pulverizing described in human excrement and step 1 pretreated wheat straw to be pressed volatility dry biomass ratio
Material refer to fresh feed deduct moisture and ash after material) 1: 0,2.75: 1,1.13: 1,0.4: 1,0: 1 ratio (wherein 1:
0 and 0: 1 is respectively pure human excrement and pure wheat straw) it is sufficiently mixed, the ratio of the C/N after mixing is for the optimal proportion needed for anaerobic digestion；
3) being put into by the compounding substances of step 2 gained in the conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel of 2L, adding seed sludge (should
Mud takes from little Hong Men sewage treatment plant of Beijing), it is sufficiently mixed, the addition of seed sludge is 10000～20000mg/L
(in terms of TS, volume is reactor working volume to quality), the constant volume that adds water is to 1.5L；
4) in step 3 post-reactor, the concentration of material is respectively 50gTS L-1～80gTS L-1, the most totally 3
Load, 5 kinds of ratios of each load.Closing conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel with rubber plug sealing, appendix is passed through in reactor gas outlet
Being connected with the device of draining note gas, reaction temperature controls in (35 ± 2) DEG C by water-bath, timing every day (5 in anaerobic digestion process
～8 times) shake bottle, biogas can be produced in 12 hours.
Through anaerobic digestion in 20～30 days, gas production was decreased obviously, and the same day, volume gas production was less than 150mL (i.e. reactor
The 10% of volume) time, it is believed that anaerobic digestion gas production terminates.
Seed sludge used by anaerobic digestion is the mud after sewage treatment plant's anaerobic digestion, this sludge pH be 7.0～
8.2, TS is 3%～10%, and ammonia nitrogen value is 100～800mg/L, and its character was varied from season, but is not to experimental result
Influential, identical aerogenesis effect can be reached.
Measuring the biogas output in gas bomb every day, result shows to mix with human excrement and pretreatment wheat straw volatility dry
Anaerobic digestion, when the cumulative gas production that mixed proportion is 0.4: 1 reaches the peak in mixed proportion, and C/N ratio now is 25:
The optimum that 1 is anaerobic digestion, its unit VS gas production can reach 240mL gVS-1～330mL gVS-1.And gas production
Improving mainly due to the synergism of two kinds of materials, its synergistic contribution rate can reach 20%～30%, wheat straw with
Human excrement mixing can well regulate the nutrient in digestion system, and basicity value is 5000mg L-1～7000mg L-1, have
Extraordinary system buffer ability.
Embodiment 4
Changing food waste, fruit and vegerable rubbish digest gas generation property with mud different proportion mixing anaerobic
1) with 1: 0,14: 5,9: 2,11: 1,0 after changing food waste, the most size-reduced machine of fruit and vegerable rubbish are ground into bits state:
The ratio (1: 0 and 0: 1 is respectively pure kitchen and pure fruit and vegerable) of 1 (TS ratio) is sufficiently mixed；
2) being put into by the compounding substances of step 2 gained in the conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel of 2L, adding seed sludge (should
Mud takes from little Hong Men sewage treatment plant of Beijing), the constant volume that adds water after being sufficiently mixed is to 1.5L.The most added sludge quantity is
10000～20000mg/L (in terms of TS, volume is reactor working volume to quality)；
3) in step 3 post-reactor, the concentration of material is respectively 20gTS L-1～60gTS L-1, now have 3
5 kinds of ratios of individual load.Closing conical flask anaerobic digestion reaction vessel with rubber plug sealing, reactor gas outlet is remembered with draining by appendix
The device of gas is connected, and reaction temperature controls in (35 ± 2) DEG C by water-bath, and in anaerobic digestion process, timing every day (5～8 times) shakes
Dynamic bottle, can produce biogas in 12 hours.
Through anaerobic digestion in 50-70 days, gas production was decreased obviously, and the same day, volume gas production was less than 150mL (i.e. reactor body
Long-pending 10%) time, it is believed that anaerobic digestion gas production terminates.
Wherein changing food waste and fruit and vegerable rubbish are taken from Beijing University of Chemical Technology dining room, sample homogeneous, and along with season
Change the change of its physicochemical properties more stable, can promote the use of.
Inoculation mud used by anaerobic digestion is same as Example 3, can be general.
Measuring the biogas output in gas bomb every day, result shows that changing food waste, fruit and vegerable rubbish disappear with mud mixing anaerobic
Working as the cumulative gas production that dry ratio is 9: 2 during change the highest, its unit TS methane production can reach 540mL gTS-1~
600mL·gTS-1, and when mixing raw material ratio one timing, along with the raising of load, unit TS methane total output gradually under
Fall.Load is 20gTS L-1Each group unit TS methane total output be above other load, wherein 9: 2-20gTS L-1List
Position TS methane total output is up to 600mL g-1, it is 40gTS L than load-1With 60gTS L-1Unit TS methane total output
Exceed 5.2% and 9.3% respectively, and gas production improves mainly due to working in coordination with that changing food waste, fruit and vegerable rubbish mix with mud
Effect, its synergistic contribution rate can reach 15%～45%, and wheat straw mixes with human excrement can well regulate digestion body
Nutrient in system, basicity value is 5000mg L-1～7000mg L-1, have extraordinary system buffer ability.Work as ratio
Time below 9: 2, the ammonia nitrogen value of reaction system can maintain 1250mg L-1Hereinafter, anaerobic digestion will not be produced suppression
Impact.
Claims (5)
1. raw material more than a kind mixes the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property, it is characterised in that:
(1) synchronization or the method for nearly synchronous fermentation are produced
1. the fermenting raw materials cycle time of fermentation period length is made
By the organic solid waste of fermentation period length short through physics, chemistry or Biological Pretreatment and fermentation period and easily ferment
Material hybrid anaerobic fermentation, the material degraded of earlier fermentation biogas the most easily fermentation produces, and the biogas of middle and late stage is for both
Common effect produces, and average daily output tolerance maintains a level continuously so that it is the material aerogenesis short with the anaerobic fermentation cycle
Cycle reaches closely to synchronize, thus realizes the nearly synchronous fermentation of material；
2. the acidificatoin time of the short easy acidifying material of fermentation period is controlled by the method for TPAD so that it is acidification type is
It is of value to the type of anaerobic fermentation；
It is introduced into acidifying phase reactor after being smashed by the material short easy fermentative acidification time including fruit and vegerable and kitchen, passes through
After 3～10 days, the protein of macromole, fat have changed into the ethanol directly utilized by methane backeria and waving based on acetic acid
The property sent out organic acid, now adds the discharging of acidifying phase in methane phase reactor and carries out anaerobic digestion；
3. the material that fermentation period is moderate carries out pretreatment
For the material that fermentation period is moderate, add the trace element needed for its fermentation, thus realize with fermentation period length or
The digestion of fermentation period short mixing anaerobic realizes the digestion of nearly synchronous anaerobic；
2) mixing raw material produces synergistic method during nearly synchronous fermentation
So-called synergism refers to that the mixed indices of raw material meets the optimal parameter of anaerobic digestion condition as far as possible, makes mixing
The gas deliverability of every kind of raw material in material reaches to maximize as far as possible, or the degraded of one or more of which raw material can promote separately
The gas generation property of one or more raw materials；
The material that the most easily acidifying material is high with basicity mixes
A. the organic solid waste of fermentation period length anaerobic digestion under high-load condition after pretreatment, usually can be due to
Easily it is acidified and causes fermenting unsuccessfully；And add the high material hybrid anaerobic fermentation of basicity and can well avoid the generation of acidifying, make
Anaerobic digestion is normally carried out；
B. material mixing anaerobic high for the material basicity this with municipal sludge of the easily acidifying including fruit and vegerable and kitchen is sent out
Ferment, during municipal administration is polluted, element enriches, well required in regulation anaerobic digestion nutrient；
2. rich nitrogen raw material digests with carbon-rich materials mixing anaerobic
The nutrient required with rich nitrogen raw material mixing anaerobic digestion well regulation digestion by pretreated carbon-rich materials,
Giving full play to the synergism of various material so that aerogenesis time, speed equilibrium, hybrid anaerobic fermentation makes microbe survival institute
The nutritive element balance needed, both synergism are the key factors that its gas production improves, and mixing anaerobic digestion is greatly shortened
In the response time, the basicity of Digestive system is in the optimum range of anaerobic digestion；
Concrete operation method is as follows:
Organic solid waste being carried out physics crush, kitchen and fruit vegetable powder are broken into fluid state scoriform, after powder of straw is broken into 1～5cm
After proceeding through NaOH solution pretreatment that mass concentration is 2% 3 days, after straw pretreatment, press dry TS mass ratio with feces
Ratio for 0.4:1～6:1 is sufficiently mixed, dry refer to fresh feed deduct moisture after material, following ratio is as without explanation
It is dry TS mass ratio；
Mixed material is put in anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, adds seed sludge, and seed sludge used is stable
Sewage treatment plant or the digested sludge of methane station, its pH value is 7.0～8.2, and TS is 3%～13%, ammonia nitrogen value be 100～
800mg/L, is sufficiently stirred for making material homogeneous, and the addition of seed sludge is 10000～20000mg/L, quality in terms of TS, volume
For reactor working volume；The constant volume that adds water makes the concentration of material in reactor be 20gTS L-1～80gTS L-1, close anaerobism
Digestion reactor, reactor gas outlet is connected by the device of appendix with metering biogas, and reaction temperature controls at 35 ± 2 DEG C,
Anaerobic digestion process provides stirring, in 12 hours, produces biogas；
Or by fruit and vegerable, kitchen and seed sludge hybrid anaerobic fermentation, fruit and vegerable and seed sludge after being centrifuged and outwelling supernatant
Being sufficiently mixed in anaerobic digestion reaction vessel with the ratio of 14:5～11:1 with kitchen and carry out anaerobic fermentation, added sludge quantity is
10000～20000mg/L, in the constant volume reactor that adds water, the concentration of material is for making 20gTS L-1～60gTS L-1, close anaerobism
Digestion reactor, reactor gas outlet is connected by the device of appendix with metering biogas, and reaction temperature controls at 35 ± 2 DEG C,
Anaerobic digestion process provides stirring, in 12 hours, produces biogas.
Many raw materials the most according to claim 1 mix the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property, and it is special
Levy and be: by through the pretreated corn stalk of NaOH and chicken manure with the ratio hybrid anaerobic fermentation of 1:1～2:1, NaOH locates in advance
Wheat straw after reason mixes with 1:1～6:1 with cattle manure；Or pretreated wheat straw mixes with 2.75～0.4:1 ratios with human excrement.
Many raw materials the most according to claim 1 mix the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property, and it is special
Levy and be: kitchen, fruit and vegerable are with 9:2 than mixing, and described ratio is dry TS mass ratio.
Many raw materials the most according to claim 1 mix the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property, and it is special
Levy and be: the addition of seed sludge is 15000mg/L, and quality is in terms of TS.
Many raw materials the most according to claim 1 mix the method that nearly synchronous fermentation synergism improves gas generation property, and it is special
Levy and be: the pretreated corn stalk of NaOH and chicken manure with the ratio hybrid anaerobic fermentation of 1:2, or pretreated wheat straw with
Human excrement mixes with 0.4:1 ratio.
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| CN102757980B (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-04-09 | 深圳市海吉星环保有限责任公司 | Method for producing methane through combination of perishable organic wastes and straws |
| CN102964044A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-03-13 | 北京化工大学 | Method for improving performance of methane produced by anaerobic reaction on manure |
| CN103088070B (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2015-05-13 | 北京化工大学 | Method for producing biogas by combined solid state fermentation of crop straws and excrements of livestocks |
| CN103555571B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学技术大学苏州研究院 | High-speed economical municipal organic solid waste treatment system and operation method thereof |
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| CN104789604A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-22 | 姜皓天 | Method for producing marsh gas by using cotton stalks and kitchen waste |
| CN105755052A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Town multi-element organic waste for preparing biogas and method for preparing biogas from same |
| CN105838742A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-10 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | Device and method for mixed treatment of kitchen waste and straws |
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| CN109371066A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-22 | 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 | A kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods |
| CN113025662A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-25 | 董利先 | Method for extracting biological clean energy |
| CN113801898B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2024-01-23 | 上海交通大学 | Method for producing hydrogen and methane by adopting multi-material mixing two-stage anaerobic fermentation |
| CN114181976A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Method for producing biogas through pretreatment and high-concentration anaerobic digestion of multi-component mixed raw materials |
| CN114196654A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-18 | 黑龙江省农业科学院农村能源与环保研究所 | Complex enzyme preparation, preparation method thereof and method for producing biogas |
| CN114752633B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2024-02-06 | 中国农业大学 | Method for proportioning organic substrate in combined anaerobic fermentation and combined anaerobic fermentation method |
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