CN109371066A - A kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods - Google Patents
A kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
A kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, it belongs to anaerobic fermentation field.The present invention is to solve energy shortage technical problem.The present invention collects stalk, the stalk after collection is crushed to 1~2cm, smashed stalk is successively filled in the container for the storage of stalk Huang, 80~90d of Huang storage, collect animal wastes, kitchen garbage, it is uniformly mixed according to yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, the kitchen garbage that certain volatile solid mass ratio prepares step 1, fermentation raw material is obtained to be added in fermentor, the concentration for adding water adjustment fermentation liquid is 8~10%, then a certain amount of biogas slurry is added, anaerobic fermentation is carried out after mixing, and fermentation temperature is 50~60 DEG C, 25~30d of anaerobic fermentation.The present invention generates biogas using biomass anaerobic fermentations such as agricultural crop straw, excrement of animals and kitchen garbages, not only realizes the resource utilization of organic waste, mitigates environmental pollution, for solving the problems, such as that energy shortage is also of great significance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to anaerobic fermentation fields；Anaerobic fermentation method is cooperateed with more particularly to a kind of more raw materials.
Background technique
The energy is material base for the survival of mankind, is the basic support of national economy, economy and society it is sustainable
Development more be unable to do without the coordinated development of energy and environment.In recent years, modernization and process of industrialization are gradually accelerated, and increase people
Class is to the demand of fossil energy (coal, petroleum, natural gas etc.), and increasingly serious environmental pollution and environmental degradation problem are also therewith
?.Therefore, Devoting Major Efforts To Developing is particularly important using the renewable and clean energy resource including biomass energy, this is also to work as
The new issue that prehuman faces.
Biomass energy is the new energy that the current emphasis of an important composition type and China of renewable energy is encouraged
One of, it is the energy of most safety and stability in many new energy.Biomass energy source is wide, at low cost, is Chinese countryside life institute
With the main source of the energy.China is biomass resource big country, possesses biomass energy abundant, mainly includes crops straw
Stalk, fuel wood, feces of livestock and poultry, kitchen garbage, house refuse, industrial organic waste residues and waste water etc..According to statistics, developable biomass
Resource is about 700,000,000 t standard coals, and wherein agricultural crop straw accounts for about 50% or so.China can produce more than 700,000,000 tons of crops straw every year
Stalk, but the straw resource utilization rate in China is lower, only 33% or so, except part stalk for the raw material of industry, animal feeding-stuff, make
Fertile returning to the field and gasification energy supply are outer, remaining is dropped or burns mostly, not only wastes biomass resource, can also cause fire, dirt
Contaminate context.Meanwhile China is that maximum livestock and poultry cultivation is national in the world, has a large amount of feces of livestock and poultry to generate every year, 2016
The feces of livestock and poultry of generation will cause serious environmental problem if not dealing carefully with up to 25.45 hundred million t, equivalent 0.54 hundred million t standard coals,
Such as the generation of stench and percolate.At the same time, as the quickening of the rapid growth, urbanization process of China's economy and the people are raw
The flat generally raising of running water, the yield of domestic waste are also quickling increase.House refuse is generated daily there are many city
Amount is in 4000t or more, and wherein kitchen garbage accounts for about 50%, kitchen garbage refer to everyday home, school, unit, canteen with
And food waste, food and drink residue, food processing waste material and the animal and plant fat that can not be eaten again of hotel catering industry and each
Class oil water mixture is a part of domestic waste.
The reasonable resourceization for modernizing biomass energy utilizes, and can not only improve the level of security of China's energy, also favorably
Greenhouse effects and ecological environmental protection problem caused by use of the alleviation due to fossil energy.Wherein, biological flue gas, that is, natural pond
Gas is the pith for forming biomass energy, and compared with the liquid bio energy, it has, and separation costs are low, are easy fermentation life
The features such as producing and isolating and purifying is easier to realize industrial application, it is considered to be ideal clean energy resource.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is to which aquaculture, planting industry and Typical Urban waste are combined, detested using the collaboration of more raw materials
Aerobe fermentation technique produces biological flue gas, provides a kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, include the following steps:
Step 1 collects stalk, the stalk after collection is crushed to 1~2cm, and smashed stalk, which is successively filled in, to be used for
In the container of stalk Huang storage, Huang 80~90d of storage, for use；
Step 2, collection animal wastes, kitchen garbage, for use；
Step 3, yellow the storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage for preparing step 1 according to certain volatile solid mass ratio
It is uniformly mixed, obtains fermentation raw material, for use；
Step 4, the fermentation raw material for obtaining step 3 are added in fermentor, add the concentration of water adjustment fermentation liquid be 8~
10%, a certain amount of biogas slurry is then added, carries out anaerobic fermentation after mixing, fermentation temperature is 50~60 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation
25~30d.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and yellow storage moisture content is 60~70% in step 1.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, animal wastes described in step 2 include cow dung,
The mixing of one or more of pig manure, chicken manure.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, animal wastes described in step 2 be cow dung and
The mixture of pig manure.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and Huang described in step 3 stores stalk, animal excreta
Just, the volatile solid mass ratio of kitchen garbage is 1~10:1~10:1~10.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and Huang described in step 3 stores stalk, animal excreta
Just, the volatile solid mass ratio of kitchen garbage is 1:1:1.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and Huang described in step 3 stores stalk, animal excreta
Just, the volatile solid mass ratio of kitchen garbage is 1:2:1.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and Huang described in step 3 stores stalk, animal excreta
Just, the volatile solid mass ratio of kitchen garbage is 2:1:2.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and the concentration of the fermentation liquid in step 4 is 8%, natural pond
The concentration of liquid is 5.5~6.5%, and the volume ratio of fermentation liquid and biogas slurry is 100:30~35.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C in step 4, anaerobic fermentation
Time be 30d.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and rich N raw material is mainly fowl and animal excrement and kitchen rubbish
Rubbish, C/N are generally less than 25.Contain multiple-microorganism in excrement of animals, wherein just comprising micro- life required for methane phase process
Object, such as bacillus, Escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria, CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIUM, methanogen etc..The structure of excrement of animals is comparatively dense, fermentation
When the gas that generates cannot be timely released, gas buildup causes medium transmitting to be obstructed, and is unfavorable for the progress of fermentation, and it is individually
Fermentation may generate ammonia inhibiting effect.And high organic content, protein, cellulose, starch, fat etc. contain in kitchen garbage
Amount is abundant and is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and various microelements.Required nutrient raw material can be provided for biogas fermentation.Fowl and animal excrement
Degradation and production gas fast speed, fermentation period with kitchen garbage is short.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and rich C raw material is mainly lignocellulose raw material, packet
Agricultural crop straw and energy crop etc. are included, agricultural crop straw is mainly by macromolecular complex such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
What matter complexity was staggeredly constituted, C content is higher, and C/N is generally 30 or more, but digestibility is low when single fermentation, decomposes speed
There is floating encrustation phenomena on feed liquid surface layer compared with slow, anaerobic digestion time is long, and easily in degree, influences the deep degradation of microorganism, produces
Tolerance is lower, it is long to produce the gas period.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, and agricultural crop straw phosphorus content is high, when stalk is independent
It is also easy to produce the volatile fatty acid (VFA) of higher concentration when fermentation, causes pH to decline, inhibits the activity of methane backeria；Excrement of animals
In have more nitrogen substance (protein etc.), the ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4 that generates after they are decomposed+- N) decline of the pH caused by VFA
With buffer function.Therefore by the reasonable mixed fermentation of agricultural crop straw of the excrement of rich nitrogen and poor nitrogen, it is not only adjustable fermentation system
Carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), also can avoid its deficiency separately as fermentation raw material when, be conducive to optimization of fermentation conditions, thus effectively
Improve biogas output.Excrement of animals, kitchen garbage and stalk hybrid anaerobic fermentation can also generate a large amount of ecological organic fertilizer-
Biogas residue.Soil fertility can be improved in application biogas residue, to reduce application chemical fertilizer pollution caused by soil, promotes ecology
Agricultural construction.
A kind of more raw materials of the present invention cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, utilize agricultural crop straw, excrement of animals and kitchen
The biomass anaerobic fermentations such as rubbish generate biogas, not only realize the resource utilization of organic waste, mitigate environmental pollution, right
In solving the problems, such as that energy shortage is also of great significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is fermentation time-pH value curve of one method of specific embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the fermentation time-COD removal rate curve of one method of specific embodiment；
Fig. 3 is fermentation time-daily output tolerance curve of one method of specific embodiment；
Fig. 4 is fermentation time-methane-content plot of one method of specific embodiment；
Fig. 5 is fermentation time-pH value curve of two method of specific embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the fermentation time-COD removal rate curve of two method of specific embodiment；
Fig. 7 is fermentation time-daily output tolerance curve of two method of specific embodiment；
Fig. 8 is fermentation time-methane-content plot of two method of specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1:
A kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, include the following steps:
Step 1 collects stalk, the stalk after collection is crushed to 1~2cm, and smashed stalk, which is successively filled in, to be used for
In the container of stalk Huang storage, Huang 80~90d of storage, for use；
Step 2, collection animal wastes, kitchen garbage, for use；
Step 3, yellow the storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage for preparing step 1 according to certain volatile solid mass ratio
It is uniformly mixed, obtains fermentation raw material, for use；
Step 4, the fermentation raw material for obtaining step 3 are added in fermentor, add the concentration of water adjustment fermentation liquid be 8~
10%, a certain amount of biogas slurry is then added, carries out anaerobic fermentation after mixing, fermentation temperature is 50~60 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation
25~30d.
A kind of more raw materials described in present embodiment cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, in step 1 yellow storage moisture content be 60~
70%.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods described in present embodiment, animal wastes described in step 2 are ox
The mixture of excrement and chicken manure.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, Huang described in step 3 described in present embodiment store stalk, animal
Excrement, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1:1:1.
A kind of more raw materials described in present embodiment cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, and the concentration of the fermentation liquid in step 4 is
8%, the concentration of biogas slurry is 5.95%, and the volume ratio of fermentation liquid and biogas slurry is 100:30.
A kind of more raw materials described in present embodiment cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, and fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C in step 4, anaerobism
The time of fermentation is 30d.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, carry out fermentation time-pH value curve determination described in present embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, fermentation time-COD removal rate curve determination as shown in Fig. 2, fermentation time-daily output tolerance curve as shown in figure 3,
Fermentation time-methane-content plot test is as shown in figure 4, wherein the chicken manure of A group addition 0wt%, B group add 30wt%'s in figure
Chicken manure, the chicken manure of C group addition 50wt%, the chicken manure of D group addition 70wt%, E group add the chicken manure of 100wt%.It can from figure
Find out, the pH value of fermentation liquid is stablized within 6~8 in fermentation process, with the increase of chicken manure content additive amount, COD removal rate
Increase, daily output tolerance increases also relative to single cow dung, and methane content increases also relative to single cow dung.
Specific embodiment 2:
A kind of more raw material collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, include the following steps:
Step 1 collects stalk, the stalk after collection is crushed to 1~2cm, and smashed stalk, which is successively filled in, to be used for
In the container of stalk Huang storage, Huang 80~90d of storage, for use；
Step 2, collection animal wastes, kitchen garbage, for use；
Step 3, yellow the storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage for preparing step 1 according to certain volatile solid mass ratio
It is uniformly mixed, obtains fermentation raw material, for use；
Step 4, the fermentation raw material for obtaining step 3 are added in fermentor, add the concentration of water adjustment fermentation liquid be 8~
10%, a certain amount of biogas slurry is then added, carries out anaerobic fermentation after mixing, fermentation temperature is 50~60 DEG C, anaerobic fermentation
25~30d.
A kind of more raw materials described in present embodiment cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, in step 1 yellow storage moisture content be 60~
70%.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods described in present embodiment, animal wastes described in step 2 are ox
The mixture of excrement and pig manure.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, Huang described in step 3 described in present embodiment store stalk, animal
Excrement, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1:1:1.
A kind of more raw materials described in present embodiment cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, and the concentration of the fermentation liquid in step 4 is
8%, the concentration of biogas slurry is 5.95%, and the volume ratio of fermentation liquid and biogas slurry is 100:30.
A kind of more raw materials described in present embodiment cooperate with anaerobic fermentation methods, and fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C in step 4, anaerobism
The time of fermentation is 30d.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, fermentating liquid volume 650ml described in present embodiment.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods, carry out fermentation time-pH value curve determination described in present embodiment
As shown in figure 5, fermentation time-COD removal rate curve determination as shown in fig. 6, fermentation time-daily output tolerance curve as shown in fig. 7,
Fermentation time-methane-content plot test is as shown in figure 8, wherein the pig manure of A group addition 0wt%, B group add 30wt%'s in figure
Pig manure, the pig manure of C group addition 50wt%, the pig manure of D group addition 70wt%, E group add the pig manure of 100wt%.It can from figure
Find out, the pH value of fermentation liquid is stablized within 6~8 in fermentation process, with the increase of pig manure content additive amount, COD removal rate
Increase, daily output tolerance increases also relative to single cow dung, and methane content increases also relative to single cow dung.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods described in present embodiment, agricultural crop straw phosphorus content is high, works as stalk
It is individually also easy to produce the volatile fatty acid (VFA) of higher concentration when fermentation, causes pH to decline, inhibits the activity of methane backeria；Livestock
There is more nitrogen substance (protein etc.) in excrement, the ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4 that they are generated after decomposing+- N) pH caused by VFA
Decline has buffer function.Therefore by the reasonable mixed fermentation of agricultural crop straw of the excrement of rich nitrogen and poor nitrogen, it is not only adjustable fermentation
The carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of system, also can avoid its deficiency separately as fermentation raw material when, is conducive to optimization of fermentation conditions, thus
Effectively improve biogas output.Excrement of animals, kitchen garbage and stalk hybrid anaerobic fermentation can also generate a large amount of ecological organic
Fertilizer-biogas residue.Soil fertility can be improved in application biogas residue, to reduce application chemical fertilizer pollution caused by soil.
Specific embodiment 3:
Present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment two, and the additive amount of pig manure is 70wt%, described in step 3
Huang storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1:2:1.
Specific embodiment 4:
Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment two to three: the additive amount of pig manure is 70wt%, step 3
Described in yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1:1:2.
Specific embodiment 5:
Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment two to four: the additive amount of pig manure is 70wt%, step 3
Described in yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1:2:2.
Specific embodiment 6:
Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment two to five: the additive amount of pig manure is 70wt%, step 3
Described in yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 2:1:1.
Specific embodiment 7:
Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment two to six: the additive amount of pig manure is 70wt%, step 3
Described in yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 2:2:1.
Specific embodiment 8:
Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment two to seven: the additive amount of pig manure is 70wt%, step 3
Described in yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 2:1:2.
A kind of more raw materials collaboration anaerobic fermentation methods described in specific embodiment two to specific embodiment eight, for
The fermentating liquid volume of 650ml, ferment total gas production and daily output tolerance comparison are as shown in table 1 after fermentation 30 days:
1 gas production contrast table of table
, it can be seen that working as the volatile solid of the storage of Huang described in step 3 stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage from table 1
When mass ratio is 2:1:2, anaerobic fermentation on the 30th can be realized highest total gas production 8585ml, produce tolerance 286mL daily.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of more raw materials cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1 collects stalk, the stalk after collection is crushed to 1~2cm, and smashed stalk is successively filled in for stalk
In the container of Huang storage, Huang 80~90d of storage, for use；
Step 2, collection animal wastes, kitchen garbage, for use；
Step 3 is mixed according to yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, the kitchen garbage that certain volatile solid mass ratio prepares step 1
Uniformly, fermentation raw material is obtained, for use；
Step 4, the fermentation raw material for obtaining step 3 are added in fermentor, and adding the concentration of water adjustment fermentation liquid is 8~10%, so
After a certain amount of biogas slurry is added, carry out anaerobic fermentation after mixing, fermentation temperature is 50~60 DEG C, 25~30d of anaerobic fermentation.
2. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 1 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: yellow storage contains in step 1
Water rate is 60~70%.
3. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 1 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: described in step 2
Animal wastes include the mixing of one or more of cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure.
4. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 1 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: described in step 2
Animal wastes are the mixture of cow dung and pig manure.
5. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 1 or 3 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: described in step 3
Yellow storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1~10:1~10:1~10.
6. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 4 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: described in step 3
Huang storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1:1:1.
7. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 4 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: described in step 3
Huang storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 1:2:1.
8. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 4 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: described in step 3
Huang storage stalk, animal wastes, kitchen garbage volatile solid mass ratio be 2:1:2.
9. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 1 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: the fermentation in step 4
The concentration of liquid is 8%, and the concentration of biogas slurry is 5.5~6.5%, and the volume ratio of fermentation liquid and biogas slurry is 100:30~35.
10. a kind of more raw materials according to claim 1 cooperate with anaerobic fermentation method, it is characterised in that: temperature of fermenting in step 4
Degree is 55 DEG C, and the time of anaerobic fermentation is 30d.
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| CN112501215A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-16 | 深圳茂元环保科技有限公司 | Biogas preparation method for kitchen waste treatment |
| CN113604511A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 东北农业大学 | Method for harmless and recycling treatment of rural organic garbage |
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