CN102555211A - 振动熔敷方法 - Google Patents

振动熔敷方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102555211A
CN102555211A CN2011104618512A CN201110461851A CN102555211A CN 102555211 A CN102555211 A CN 102555211A CN 2011104618512 A CN2011104618512 A CN 2011104618512A CN 201110461851 A CN201110461851 A CN 201110461851A CN 102555211 A CN102555211 A CN 102555211A
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Prior art keywords
vibration
deposit
pressure welding
molten
welding
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金本周二
西堀隆太郎
永田贵章
增田久
田中正人
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/343—Making tension-free or wrinkle-free joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0609—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding characterised by the movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/0618—Linear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/91443—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time following a temperature-time profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/91951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to time, e.g. temperature-time diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种振动熔敷方法。在振动熔敷中，在熔敷树脂制的一对被熔敷物时，抑制熔敷后的产品发生变形，防止外观质量下降。使一对树脂制的被熔敷物(1、2)的熔敷面彼此面对，施加加压力而使一对被熔敷物(1、2)压焊，同时施加振动使其产生摩擦热，由此使熔敷面的融接部熔融，在达到预定的压入量的时刻停止振动使熔融部冷却，从而对熔融部进行熔敷，在该振动熔敷方法中，当振动工序结束时，立即将压焊力降低到预定压力而进行冷却固化。

Description

振动熔敷方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在将例如车辆用的安全气囊罩振动熔敷于仪表盘时、对抑制在脆弱部等发生变形有效的技术。
背景技术
目前，在对收纳用于保护车辆的乘客用的安全气囊的树脂制收纳箱和安全气囊罩主体进行接合的情况下，有时在使两者的接合面抵接并施加压力的状态下施加相对振动，进行利用摩擦热使抵接部分熔融而熔敷的振动熔敷。作为这种振动熔敷的技术，已知有如下技术：为了在例如被熔敷物的一侧的形状弯曲的情况下也能够可靠地熔敷，使在振动熔敷中使用的一侧的被熔敷物的熔敷用肋的末端的抵接区域形成为与另一侧的接合部的延伸面形状对应的面的技术。(例如，参照专利文献1。)
另外，为了提高振动熔敷时的熔敷强度，也已知有如下技术等：在以第一压焊压力加压的状态下，施加振动，在施加振动之后，立即使压焊压力连续地降低，在预定时间(0.5～5秒)内到达第二压焊压力(第一压焊压力的4/5～1/5)，在该状态下，继续进行压焊，使振动的施加持续预定时间而进行熔敷的技术(例如，参照专利文献2。)，及用于抑制在振动熔敷中抵接面熔融之前产生的磨耗粉的技术(例如，参照专利文献3。)等。
专利文献1：日本特开2008-114747号公报
专利文献2：日本特许第3211712号公报
专利文献3：日本特开2010-149424号公报
然而，现有技术的情况是在停止振动之后，在仍旧保持加压力的状态下进行冷却而使熔融部固化，因此，虽然可以充分地得到熔融部的熔敷强度，但是作为例如被熔敷物，当为在预定部位形成有罩开裂用的薄壁的撕裂线的安全气囊罩等的情况下，存在应力集中在这种撕裂线等脆弱部分而发生变形的问题。而且，当在仍旧残留着这种变形的状态下进行固化时，变形痕迹成为凹凸而在外观上显现出来，存在外表变差之类的不良情况。
另外，如上述专利文献2，即使用在振动工序的中途使压焊力降低为第二压焊压力的技术，在被熔敷物具有脆弱部的情况下，也不能消除脆弱部的变形。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于，在振动熔敷中，在熔敷一对被熔敷物的情况下，抑制在熔敷后的产品上发生变形的问题，并防止外观质量下降，尤其是，即使作为被熔敷物具有薄壁的脆弱部，也不会发生变形。
为了实现上述目的，本发明为一种振动熔敷方法，其包括：使应熔敷的一对被熔敷物的熔敷面彼此面对的工序；施加压焊力而对所述一对被熔敷物进行压焊，同时，通过振动使两者之间产生相对运动，由此使熔敷面的融接部熔融的振动工序；和停止振动以使熔融部冷却从而熔敷熔融部的冷却工序，该振动熔敷方法中，在所述冷却工序中，使所述压焊力降低到预定压力。
这样，通过振动利用摩擦热使熔敷面的熔敷部熔融，例如虽然在加压侧的被熔敷物的压入量达到预定量的时刻结束振动工序、并过渡到冷却工序，但是由于在振动工序中保持着当初的压焊力，所以能够有效地提高摩擦热。另外，在冷却工序中，通过将压焊力降低到预定压力，能够使变形不易发生。
此时，作为降低压焊力的程度，例如，如果振动工序中的压焊力为0.44MPa左右，则0.05～0.35Mpa左右是合适的。
此时，压焊力的降低更优选在振动工序结束之后立即进行。
这里，所谓“振动工序结束之后立即降低压焊力”，是指在熔融部的温度到达熔点之前，压焊力开始降低到振动时的压焊力以下即可，直至到达熔点为止，无需降低到所要求的压焊力。
这是因为，当在无摩擦热的状态下长时间保持压焊力时，压缩方向的变形就会变大，结果熔融部凝固时的最终的变形就会变大。
另外，这样的冷却工序中的压焊力的降低，尤其在被熔敷物的至少任一方具有薄壁的脆弱部时、对防止变形有效。
发明效果
在振动熔敷方法中，通过在振动工序结束后的冷却工序中使压焊力降低，能够抑制变形的产生所导致的外观质量的降低。
此时，通过在振动工序结束时立即降低压焊力，能够更有效地抑制变形的产生，另外，作为被熔敷物在至少任一方形成有薄壁的脆弱部时，是有效果的。
附图说明
图1是用于说明一般的振动熔敷方法的说明图；
图2是用于说明本发明的振动熔敷方法的说明图；
图3是测定冷却时的脆弱部的变形量的实验数据的说明图；
图4是表示冷却时的压焊力和熔敷强度的关系的说明图。
标号说明
1、2...被熔敷物、
具体实施方式
本发明的振动熔敷方法被设计为，例如在利用振动熔敷组装用于保护车辆的乘客的安全气囊相关零件时，能够抑制熔敷后的产品发生变形，能够防止外观质量下降，尤其是被设计为即使在具有撕裂线等薄壁的脆弱部的情况下，也不会因应力集中在脆弱部而发生变形。
基于图1对振动熔敷的一般的要领的概要进行说明，如(a)所示，使一对被熔敷物1、2的熔敷面彼此面对，用振动熔敷机的上夹具(jig)3、下夹具4夹入进行合模、夹紧。
此时，例如在上夹具3上连接有能够保持上侧的被熔敷物1并施加振动的振动源(未图示)，在下夹具4上连接有能够将保持的下侧的被熔敷物2上推并在两方的被熔敷物1、2之间施加压焊力的加压源(未图示)。
另外，在被施加振动的上侧的被熔敷物1的熔敷面上，设有多个熔敷用肋(rib)1r作为突起。
在用振动熔敷机的上夹具3和下夹具4夹紧被熔敷物1、2时，如图1(b)所示，用下夹具4施加加压力，并用上夹具3使上侧的被熔敷物1振动。这样，在上侧的被熔敷物1的熔敷用肋1r的抵接部和被熔敷物2的抵接部之间产生摩擦热，熔敷用肋1r熔融，下侧的被熔敷物2就被向上方压入。而且，当该压入量达到预定的值时，如(c)所示，上夹具3进行的振动停止，而熔融部的冷却开始。
在该(c)阶段的冷却时，以往通常是仍旧保持(b)的振动工序中的加压力，但在本发明中，其主旨在于当振动停止时，降低到预定压力。
接着，基于图2对本发明的振动熔敷方法进行说明。
在本发明的振动熔敷方法中，如图2所示，用上夹具3和下夹具4夹入一对树脂制的被熔敷物1、2并合模，施加压力进行夹紧。
需要说明的是，被熔敷物的一方为具有撕裂线的安全气囊罩的情况下的压焊力为0.44MPa左右。
而且，当被施加上预定的加压力时，在仍旧保持该压力的状态下经由上夹具3使上侧的被熔敷物1振动。这样，滑动面的温度上升，熔敷用肋1r开始熔融。
需要说明的是，作为上侧的被熔敷物1为具有撕裂线的安全气囊罩时的树脂材料，使用熔点为130度左右的聚丙烯(PP)等。
而且，通过熔敷用肋1r熔融，上夹具3和下夹具4接近，在到达预定的压入量的时刻，上夹具3进行的振动施加就停止，振动工序结束。
在振动工序结束时，现有技术的情况下如图2的虚线所示，保持加压而进行冷却，但本发明的情况下是立即降低加压力而进行冷却。可以确认，当使此时的压焊力在作为被熔敷物的一方为具有撕裂线的安全气囊罩的情况下为0.05～0.35MPa时，可得到必要的接合强度，并能够抑制成形后的变形。
即，图2表示在安全气囊相关零件的振动熔敷中，测定对具有撕裂线的被熔敷物进行熔敷时的撕裂线上的变形的实验数据的一部分，图3为表示熔敷强度的实验数据的图，由此可知：作为冷却时的压焊力，保持与振动工序时的压力相同的0.44MPa的压力进行冷却固化时，成形后的变形变大，越使冷却时的压焊力降低变形就越变小。
并且可知：如果将此时的压焊力设为0.35MPa以下，则为能够纠正撕裂线上的变形在外观上显现出来的不良现象的、压力的上限。
另外，关于降低加压力的时机，也可确认到：当振动工序结束立即使加压力降低时，与隔开若干时间使其降低的情况相比，可减小成形后的变形。
另一方面，关于成形后的熔敷部的熔敷强度，如图4所示，可知：随着冷却时的压焊力降低，熔敷强度也降低，但直到0.05MPa都满足熔敷强度要求，当降低到0.05MPa以下时，在熔敷强度上就会产生差异，根据情况，有时也会不满足熔敷强度要求。
从以上的内容可以确认：通在振动工序结束后将加压力降低至预定范围，能够消除易集中在脆弱部的变形而得到良好的外观质量，另外，也可以得到必要的熔敷强度。
另外，本发明并非限定于以上的实施方式。具有和本发明的权利要求书中记载的事项实质上相同的结构、起到相同的作用效果的内容都属于本发明的技术范围。
例如被熔敷物的种类等只是示例。
工业上的可利用性
由于在树脂等的振动熔敷中，既确保必要的熔敷强度又可抑制变形的产生，因此，尤其是可期待在车辆的安全气囊相关零件等的熔敷中广泛普及。

Claims (3)

1.一种振动熔敷方法，该振动熔敷方法包括：使应熔敷的一对被熔敷物的熔敷面彼此面对的工序；施加压焊力而对所述一对被熔敷物进行压焊，同时，通过振动使两者之间产生相对运动，由此使熔敷面的融接部熔融的振动工序；和停止振动以使熔融部冷却从而熔敷熔融部的冷却工序，所述振动熔敷方法的特征在于，在所述冷却工序中，使所述压焊力降低到预定压力。
2.如权利要求1所述的振动熔敷方法，其特征在于，所述压焊力的降低在所述振动工序结束之后立即进行。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的振动熔敷方法，其特征在于，所述被熔敷物的至少任一方具有由薄壁形成的脆弱部。
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