CN102539381A - Refractive index chromatography device based on micro-off-axis microscopic interference projection - Google Patents
Refractive index chromatography device based on micro-off-axis microscopic interference projection Download PDFInfo
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- CN102539381A CN102539381A CN2010106042527A CN201010604252A CN102539381A CN 102539381 A CN102539381 A CN 102539381A CN 2010106042527 A CN2010106042527 A CN 2010106042527A CN 201010604252 A CN201010604252 A CN 201010604252A CN 102539381 A CN102539381 A CN 102539381A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refractive index chromatography device based on micro-off-axis microscopic interference projection; the refractive index chromatography device integrates technologies such as micro-off-axis interference, polarization phase shift, Hibert phase extraction, image high-speed collection and the like; the refractive index chromatography device is characterized in that two interference patterns are simultaneously obtained through the combination of the micro-off-axis interference technology and the polarization phase shift technology, then the obtaining speed of interference projection data can be increased by more than 3 times by extracting phase projection data carrying the space distribution information of reflective indexes of cell samples, on the basis, the multidirectional projection data of the space distribution of the refractive indexes of the cell samples is obtained through the two-dimensional scanning of an electronic control translation platform, and then the three-dimensional reconfiguration of the space distribution of the reflective indexes is realized; and the refractive index chromatography device has the prominent advantages of simpleness, fast speed, simple and convenient operation, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical microphotograph interfering layer analysis apparatus, particularly a kind of micro-interference chromatographic apparatus that can be applicable to the quantitative measurment of biological cell inner refractive index space distribution.
Background technology
Refractive index and space distribution thereof are the important parameters of characterising biological tissue optical characteristics, and the space distribution of understanding refractive index in the biological sample in depth has great significance for the foundation of biological organism optical model and the research of relative photo transmission theory.Existing big quantity research has been reported influence and the application in development medical diagnosis on disease technology thereof of the local anomaly of the interior refractive index of tissue to optical transmission process in the biological tissue.For example, have the difference of refractive index between the normal and malignant breast tissue, this does not have the wound diagnostic techniques for development optics very important value is arranged.On the cell yardstick; Refractive index can be to describe the independent parameter of biological sample optical characteristics; It is the basis of all kinds of optical phenomenas on the research and analysis cell yardstick; It is the bases of development disease optics diagnosis and treatment technology equally, and therefore on the cell yardstick, refractive index and the space distribution thereof of measuring biological sample do not have the wound diagnostic techniques for the optical transmission process in the optical characteristics of deeply being familiar with tissue sample, the biological tissue and development biological tissue significant values is all arranged.U.S. Patent No. on January 15th, 2009 (application number PCT/US2008/008447) has proposed to relate to device based on time phase shift Mach Ceng Degan; Obtain the multi-direction refractive index projection of living cells through being rotated into shooting angle; As and if the three-dimensional chromatography that carries out the distribution of biological cell refractive index spatial has obtained the distributed in three dimensions of red blood cell inner refractive index with regard to.This method adopts coaxial interference technique; Obtain the interference data for projection through the time phase shift technology, therefore charged control split-second precision phase changer must be arranged in light path, this makes, and light path is comparatively complicated, poor reliability; Also must gather the interference data for projection that the above interferogram of three width of cloth could obtain a direction simultaneously; Make the acquisition process of interfering data for projection become comparatively complicated, particularly real-time is very poor, and this measurement for active somatic cell is very disadvantageous.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of optical microphotograph index layer analysis apparatus simple, that real-time is good that installs; It relates to Mach Ceng Degan, littlely combine from technology such as axle a micro-interference, polarization phase-shifting, high-speed image sampling, Hilbert phase extraction; Effectively overcome the real-time problem that the time phase shift brings; Make system have advantages such as simple in structure, good stability and good reproducibility simultaneously.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of based on little index layer analysis apparatus from the projection of axle micro-interference, comprise polarization He-Ne laser instrument, beam-expanding collimation mirror, the first depolarization Amici prism, the second depolarization Amici prism, the promptly preceding microcobjective of confocal microscopy objective lens and back microcobjective, first five times regualting frame, second five times regualting frame, automatically controlled D translation platform, quarter wave plate, first total reflective mirror, second total reflective mirror, polarization splitting prism, the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device; Place the beam-expanding collimation mirror after the linear polarization He-Ne laser instrument and carry out beam-expanding collimation, place a depolarization Amici prism thereafter and carry out polarization beam splitting; Microcobjective and back microcobjective before placing after first output face of depolarization Amici prism; Preceding microcobjective is placed with cell sample to be measured with the common along of back microcobjective; Cell sample to be measured is placed on the automatically controlled D translation platform; Preceding microcobjective is placed on first five times regualting frame, and back microcobjective is placed on second five times regualting frame, places the depolarization Amici prism after the back microcobjective; Place first total reflective mirror after second output face of depolarization Amici prism light path is turn 90 degrees, place quarter wave plate after first total reflective mirror and carry out the polarization state variation, place second total reflective mirror after the quarter wave plate light path is turn 90 degrees again; Place the second depolarization Amici prism after second total reflective mirror mutually orthogonal incident light is closed bundle; Place polarization splitting prism after the second depolarization Amici prism; Place the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device after first output face of polarization splitting prism; Place the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device after second output face; The first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device obtain the interferogram of phase shift for
simultaneously respectively, in order to the multi-direction interference data for projection of extract real-time.
The present invention compared with prior art; Its remarkable advantage: 1. the present invention combines little from technology such as axle interference, polarization phase-shifting, Hilbert phase extraction and image high speed acquisition; Can obtain two width of cloth interferograms of phase shift simultaneously for
; Unpack method through Hilbert phase extraction method and phase place then; Recovery carries the phase projection data of cell sample refractive index spatial distributed intelligence, can interference data for projection acquisition speed be improved more than 3 times, compares simultaneously with from the axle interference; Optimized spectral bandwidth, improved the later stage and rebuild precision.
2. replace time-phase displacement with polarization phase-shifting, simplified optical microphotograph interfering layer analysis apparatus, made that system architecture is more simple, operation is more easy, avoided the noise of time-phase displacement, reduced the cost of device.
3. replace traditional directional light projection with the cone-shaped beam projection, can significantly improve the optical microphotograph amplification multiple, effectively improved optical microphotograph interfering layer analysis apparatus spatial resolution.
4. adopt the interferogram that obtains of high-speed cmos camera, can make the acquisition time of interference image foreshorten to a millisecond magnitude, the detection of dynamic ability of biological sample.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is to the present invention is based on a little structural representation that leaves the index layer analysis apparatus of axle micro-interference projection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
In order to overcome the problem in the background technology; The present invention is the basis equally with the Mach-Zehnder interferometer; Proposed based on little refractive index chromatography technology from the projection of axle micro-interference; Through combining from axle interference and polarization phase-shifting technology little, synchronization gain two width of cloth interferograms unpack the interference data for projection that obtains a direction through phase place then; Through sample is carried out two-dimensional scan, obtain the interference data for projection of a plurality of directions, carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction that the testing sample refractive index spatial distributes again.This method can effectively improve measuring speed with interfering the data for projection acquisition speed to improve more than 3 times; Meanwhile replace time-phase displacement, simplified the complicacy of experimental provision, the simplicity of operation, also reduce the cost of device simultaneously with polarization phase-shifting.
The present invention is based on little index layer analysis apparatus from the projection of axle micro-interference; Its principle of work is: the laser beam that linear polarization He-Ne laser instrument sends is after the beam-expanding collimation of beam-expanding collimation mirror; By it being divided into the thing light and the reference light of mutual vertical transmission through the depolarization Amici prism, and the linear polarization state when keeping incident; On cell sample, second object lens in the confocal objective group will incide on the depolarization light-combining prism from the object lens collimation of cell sample outgoing first object lens in the confocal objective group then with the thing optical convergence; Reference light is through the reflection of completely reflecting mirror, and the direction of propagation changes 90 degree, then through a quarter wave plate; Polarization state becomes circularly polarized light (or elliptically polarized light); By a completely reflecting mirror its direction of propagation is changed 90 degree more afterwards, incide on the depolarization light-combining prism, a branch of with the thing light compositing; Then; By polarization splitting prism it is carried out polarization spectro, the interferogram that the P polarized light component forms is gathered by one road high-speed cmos camera, and sends into Computer Processing; The interferogram that the S polarized component forms is gathered by another road high-speed cmos camera, and sends into Computer Processing.It is little for whole optical interference circuit is in from Spindle Status; The deflection angle of regulating first level crossing makes and has a little θ angle between reference light and the thing light; Not overlap each other between
level that guarantees interference spectrum figure; But all overlap, promptly be in little from Spindle Status with zero order fringe.On this basis, unpack method, from the carrier frequency interferogram, recover the phase projection data that carry the distributed intelligence of cell sample refractive index spatial through Hilbert phase extraction method and phase place.Accurate control through electronic control translation stage; Can realize the two-dimensional scan of cell sample; Thereby obtain the multi-direction phase projection data that the cell sample refractive index spatial distributes; Quote the space distribution of three-dimensionalreconstruction algorithm pair cell sample refractive index then and carry out three-dimensionalreconstruction, obtain the distributed in three dimensions data of refractive index.
In conjunction with Fig. 1; The present invention is based on a little index layer analysis apparatus, comprise before polarization He-Ne laser instrument 1, beam-expanding collimation mirror 2, the first depolarization Amici prism 3, the second depolarization Amici prism 7, confocal microscopy objective lens are promptly microcobjective 4 and back microcobjective 6, first five times regualting frame 15, second five times regualting frame 16, automatically controlled D translation platform 5, quarter wave plate 9, first total reflective mirror 8, second total reflective mirror 10, polarization splitting prism 11, the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 12 and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 13 from axle micro-interference projection; Place beam-expanding collimation mirror 2 after the linear polarization He-Ne laser instrument 1 and carry out beam-expanding collimation, place a depolarization Amici prism 3 thereafter and carry out polarization beam splitting; Microcobjective 4 and back microcobjective 6 before placing after first output face of depolarization Amici prism 3; Preceding microcobjective 4 is placed with cell sample to be measured with the common along of back microcobjective 6; Cell sample to be measured is placed on the automatically controlled D translation platform 5; Preceding microcobjective 4 is placed on first five times regualting frame 15, and back microcobjective 6 is placed on second five times regualting frame 16, places depolarization Amici prism 7 after the back microcobjective 6; Place first total reflective mirror 8 after second output face of depolarization Amici prism 3 light path is turn 90 degrees, place quarter wave plate 9 after first total reflective mirror 8 and carry out polarization state and change, place second total reflective mirror 10 after the quarter wave plate 9 light path is turn 90 degrees again; Place 7 pairs of mutually orthogonal incident lights of the second depolarization Amici prism after second total reflective mirror 10 and close bundle; Place polarization splitting prism 11 after the second depolarization Amici prism 7; Place the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 12 after first output face of polarization splitting prism 11; Place the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 13 after second output face; The first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 12 and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 13 obtain the interferogram of phase shift for
simultaneously respectively, in order to the multi-direction interference data for projection of extract real-time.
The present invention is based on little index layer analysis apparatus from the projection of axle micro-interference; Polarization phase-shifting through quarter wave plate 9 and polarization splitting prism 11 are realized
can obtain two width of cloth interferograms of phase shift for
simultaneously in conjunction with the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 12 and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device 13.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 the present invention is done more detailed explanation; Based on little index layer analysis apparatus from the projection of axle micro-interference; It is made up of polarization He-Ne laser instrument, beam-expanding collimation mirror, depolarization Amici prism, confocal microscopy objective lens, five times regualting frame, cell sample to be measured, motorized precision translation stage, level crossing, depolarization Amici prism and high-speed image sampling device etc.; Wherein the output wavelength of linear polarization He-Ne laser instrument 1 is 632.8nm; Power 4mW; The about 7mm of spot size, stability is less than
; Beam-expanding collimation mirror 2 is by plano-concave lens (
;
) and plano-convex lens (
;
) form, expanding beam ratio is 10 times; Depolarization Amici prism 3 and 7 splitting ratio are 1:1, and can guarantee that the outgoing polarization state of light is consistent with incident light; Confocal objective is 25 * (25/1.48,160/0.17) to 4 and 6 magnification, and numerical aperture is 0.4, is positioned on the five times regualting frame so that carry out focal adjustment; To be erythrocyte can carry out three-dimensional by electronic control translation stage 5 to cell sample to be measured accurately moves step pitch 0.078 μ m; The quick shaft direction of quarter wave plate becomes miter angle with the polarization of incident light direction; Polarization splitting prism 11 can separate P and S polarized component, from orthogonal both direction outgoing; High- speed cmos camera 12 and 13 models are Mintron 1310; Pixel count is
, and per second can be gathered 500 width of cloth images.Its course of work is: the laser beam that linear polarization He-Ne laser instrument 1 sends is divided into the thing light and the reference light of mutual vertical transmission by depolarization Amici prism 3 with it behind the beam-expanding collimation of beam-expanding collimation mirror 2, and the linear polarization state when keeping incident; On cell sample, second object lens 6 in the confocal objective group will incide on the depolarization Amici prism 7 from the object lens collimation of cell sample outgoing first object lens 4 in the confocal objective group then with the thing optical convergence; Reference light is through the reflection of completely reflecting mirror 8; The direction of propagation changes 90 degree; Through a quarter wave plate 9, polarization state becomes circularly polarized light (or elliptically polarized light) then, by a completely reflecting mirror 10 its direction of propagation is changed 90 degree more afterwards; Incide on the depolarization Amici prism 7, a branch of with the thing light compositing; Then; By polarization splitting prism 11 it is carried out polarization spectro, the interferogram that the P polarized light component forms is gathered by one road high-speed cmos camera 12, and sends into computing machine 14 and handle; The interferogram that the S polarized component forms is gathered by another road high-speed cmos camera 13, and sends into computing machine 14 and handle.It is little for whole optical interference circuit is in from Spindle Status; The deflection angle of regulating first level crossing 8 makes and has a little θ angle between reference light and the thing light; Not overlap each other between
level that guarantees interference spectrum figure; But all overlap, promptly be in little from Spindle Status with zero order fringe.On this basis, unpack method, from the carrier frequency interferogram, recover the phase projection data that carry the distributed intelligence of cell sample refractive index spatial through Hilbert phase extraction method and phase place.Accurate control through electronic control translation stage; Can realize the two-dimensional scan of cell sample; Thereby obtain the multi-direction phase projection data that the cell sample refractive index spatial distributes; Quote the space distribution of three-dimensionalreconstruction algorithm pair cell sample refractive index then and carry out three-dimensionalreconstruction, obtain the distributed in three dimensions data of refractive index.
Hilbert phase extraction and unpacking method that the present invention adopted can be described as: when the intensity distributions of interference fringe does
（1）
In the formula;
and
represents the distribution of reference light and thing light respectively;
is the phase change that sample causes;
is the spatial frequency of striped, determined by the angle between reference light and the sample light.
, the phase change of reference path behind
expression adding
wave plate.
if
(2)
Then
(3)
Wherein, HT is Hilbert transform.
Interferogram is after pre-service; The field of behaviour through obtaining wrapping up after the Hilbert transform distributes, and promptly real phase value distribution is through the modular arithmetic of 2 π, therefore; Also must phase place unpack (Phase Unwrapping) computing, recover real PHASE DISTRIBUTION.The cardinal rule that phase place unpacks is along certain path the modulation phase data to be carried out " integration ".If the path is confirmed; Then certain any phase gradient is:
, wherein
is the picture point sequence number.If
is greater than a certain threshold value; For example
; Then think the phase place stripe edge, phase value has the discontinuous of
.This phase place is discontinuous can be revised; The method of revising is on phase value, to add or deduct
accordingly according to the positive and negative of
; Write down the phase place striped ordinal number N of present picture element point then; Repeat this process; When being not the phase place stripe edge instantly; Then the phase place striped ordinal number of picture element still is N; When running into phase place stripe edge point, then the phase place striped ordinal number N of picture element is corresponding adds or deducts 1.After the phase value of all picture elements all passed through rectification calculating, demodulation phase can be expressed as:
The present invention adopts the network flow method to carry out phase place and unpacks; Earlier Phase unwrapping is converted into the extreme-value problem of finding the solution minimum norm in the mathematics; Can avoid propagation of error effectively; And the phase place of launching twines back and original interferometric phase high conformity again, can solve the Phase unwrapping of biological tissue's interferogram effectively, and still keep higher phase unwrapping precision with respect to Local treatment.
Claims (2)
1. one kind based on a little index layer analysis apparatus from axle micro-interference projection, it is characterized in that: comprise before polarization He-Ne laser instrument [1], beam-expanding collimation mirror [2], the first depolarization Amici prism [3], the second depolarization Amici prism [7], confocal microscopy objective lens are promptly microcobjective [4] with after microcobjective [6], first five times regualting frame [15], second five times regualting frame [16], automatically controlled D translation platform [5], quarter wave plate [9], first total reflective mirror [8], second total reflective mirror [10], polarization splitting prism [11], the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [12] and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [13]; Linear polarization He-Ne laser instrument [1] is placed beam-expanding collimation mirror [2] afterwards and is carried out beam-expanding collimation, places a depolarization Amici prism [3] thereafter and carries out polarization beam splitting; Microcobjective [4] and back microcobjective [6] before placing after first output face of depolarization Amici prism [3]; The common along of preceding microcobjective [4] and back microcobjective [6] is placed with cell sample to be measured; Cell sample to be measured is placed on the automatically controlled D translation platform [5]; Preceding microcobjective [4] is placed on first five times regualting frame [15], and back microcobjective [6] is placed on second five times regualting frame [16], and back microcobjective [6] is placed depolarization Amici prism [7] afterwards; Place first total reflective mirror [8] after second output face of depolarization Amici prism [3] light path is turn 90 degrees, first total reflective mirror [8] is placed quarter wave plate [9] afterwards and is carried out the polarization state variation, and quarter wave plate [9] is placed second total reflective mirror [10] afterwards light path is turn 90 degrees again; Second total reflective mirror [10] is placed the second depolarization Amici prism [7] afterwards mutually orthogonal incident light is closed bundle; The second depolarization Amici prism [7] is placed polarization splitting prism [11] afterwards; Place the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [12] after first output face of polarization splitting prism [11]; Place the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [13] after second output face; The first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [12] and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [13] obtain the interferogram of phase shift for
simultaneously respectively, in order to the multi-direction interference data for projection of extract real-time.
2. according to claim 1 based on little index layer analysis apparatus from the projection of axle micro-interference; It is characterized in that:, can obtain two width of cloth interferograms of phase shift simultaneously for
in conjunction with the first high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [12] and the second high-speed cmos digital image acquisition device [13] through the polarization phase-shifting of quarter wave plate [9] and polarization splitting prism [11] realization
.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106872469A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江大学 | A kind of chromatography phase microscopic method and device based on corner-sharing interference |
| CN107482432A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Annular multi-pass laser amplification device |
| CN110411333A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-11-05 | 北方工业大学 | Novel laser polarization phase shift interference chromatography measuring device and method |
| CN110799829A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-02-14 | 特拉维夫大学拉莫特有限公司 | System and method for three-dimensional label-free optical imaging of biological cell samples in environmental chambers |
| CN111198169A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-05-26 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Microstructure optical fiber high resolution three-dimensional refractive index testing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN110799829A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-02-14 | 特拉维夫大学拉莫特有限公司 | System and method for three-dimensional label-free optical imaging of biological cell samples in environmental chambers |
| CN107482432A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-15 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Annular multi-pass laser amplification device |
| CN110411333A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-11-05 | 北方工业大学 | Novel laser polarization phase shift interference chromatography measuring device and method |
| CN111198169A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-05-26 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Microstructure optical fiber high resolution three-dimensional refractive index testing method |
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