CN102535262A - Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system - Google Patents
Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102535262A CN102535262A CN2012100775608A CN201210077560A CN102535262A CN 102535262 A CN102535262 A CN 102535262A CN 2012100775608 A CN2012100775608 A CN 2012100775608A CN 201210077560 A CN201210077560 A CN 201210077560A CN 102535262 A CN102535262 A CN 102535262A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system, which comprises a concrete ballast bed and a low-frequency vibration isolator installed in the concrete ballast bed. An elastic mechanism in the low-frequency vibration isolator consists of a positive stiffness elastic element made of metal rubber or the positive stiffness elastic element and a negative stiffness elastic element which are connected in parallel. The positive stiffness elastic element is a disc spring, a spiral spring, the metal rubber, a metal rubber-spring armour, a metal rubber-lead core composite spring or any series-parallel combination of the disc spring, the spiral spring, the metal rubber, the metal rubber-spring armour and the metal rubber-lead core composite spring. The negative stiffness elastic element is a disc spring or a diaphragm spring. The elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system can meet requirements of middle-high-grade vibration reduction and has a simple structure. The site construction process is simple and convenient, and consumed materials of the ballast bed are relatively reduced. Therefore, the elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system is low in construction cost and suitable for popularization and application in the whole line.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway ballast, especially relate to a kind of track structure of railway, specifically the elastic damping road bed system of uses such as railway, high-speed railway, city railway, subway and elevated railway.
Background technology
In recent years, China was progressively strengthening the input and the construction of high-speed railway and urban track traffic (subway, city railway, elevated railway etc.).High-speed railway has shortened passenger's travel time, and energy-conserving and environment-protective, safe and reliable.In the metropolis of traffic congestion, urban track traffic easily and efficiently more and more receives people's favor, has become the first-selection of people's trip.The thing followed is, because vibration and noise problem that track traffic brought exerts an influence to circuit surrounding enviroment and resident living, health also more and more receive domestic and international researcher's common concern.
At present, China adopts many vibration reducing measures to comprise in track traffic: track vibration-reducing fastener, elasticity gumshoe and the plate railway roadbed of floating.Wherein, track vibration-reducing fastener (like " Cologne egg ", belonging to vibration damping under the rail) and elasticity gumshoe can satisfy (belonging to pillow vibration damping down) the low-grade vibration damping requirement of 5 ~ 8dB.Yet the lateral stiffness of " Cologne egg " is lower, is inappropriate for curved section, and rubber ring possibly break away from, thereby influences traffic safety and effectiveness in vibration suppression; Advance rainwater and booty in the elasticity gumshoe easily, structural performance and life-span are had a negative impact.Simultaneously, after the rubber sleeve flank wear, its lateral stiffness also can reduce, and influences effectiveness in vibration suppression.
The plate railway roadbed (belonging to the railway roadbed vibration damping) of floating comprises rubber float plate railway roadbed, the formula of floating resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track and steel spring floating slab railway roadbed; Be to have the concrete road bed of certain mass and rigidity to be floated on rubber or the steel spring vibration isolator; The utilization plate of floating provides enough big inertia mass to offset the dynamic loading that train operation produces, thereby reaches the vibration damping purpose.Wherein, the rubber plate of floating can satisfy the middle-grade vibration damping requirement of 8 ~ 15dB, but that rubber is prone to is aging, and the life-span is short; And the lateral stiffness of rubber bearing piece is lower, needs the additional lateral supporting, complex structure; The damping of rubber own is very little, can not absorb the vibrational energy of the plate of floating, and resonates easily; The float intrinsic frequency of plate of rubber is 15 ~ 20Hz, and is unsatisfactory for soft foundation and low frequency vibration source location vibration isolating effect.The formula of floating resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track is a kind of damper rail system by Japanese railway comprehensive technology research institute exploitation; The intrinsic frequency of the formula of floating resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track is 25 ~ 30Hz; The low frequency vibration isolation poor-performing; Can satisfy the low-grade vibration damping requirement of 5 ~ 8dB, generally be used in the not too strict place of low frequency vibration requirement.The steel spring floating slab railway roadbed by German GERB (at a distance from and consolidate) company development, the track traffic damping technology of generally acknowledged function admirable at present, can satisfy the medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of 15 ~ 40dB, it is good to have a vibration isolating effect; Long service life; Lateral stability is good, need not additional stopping means; Advantages such as leveling, maintenance, replacing convenience.But; The steel spring floating slab railway roadbed part that also comes with some shortcomings: (1) for reaching the vibration isolating effect of design, concrete float plate bulk huge, heavy, involve great expense, cause engineering cost too high; Can only be used to have the vibration damping location of specific (special) requirements, can not promote completely; (2) many, the complex procedures of construction content, cycle are long; (3) damping ratio is a definite value, can not satisfy resonance region and the vibration isolation workspace demands of different to damping ratio simultaneously.
Can know that by vibration absorbing theory traditional passive vibration isolation system can only be to playing the vibration isolation effect greater than system frequency
external interference frequency doubly.The intrinsic frequency that is vibrating isolation system is low more, and the scope of the interfering frequency that can isolate is just wide more, disturbs vibration segregate just thorough more, and the noise that is caused by vibration also will reduce thereupon.Because the intrinsic frequency of system belongs to the build-in attribute of system, and is relevant with the ratio of quality with the rigidity of system.Therefore,, obtain higher vibration isolating effect, can adopt two kinds of methods in theory in order to enlarge the vibration isolation frequency band range of system: the one, the rigidity of attenuating vibrating isolation system; The 2nd, the carrying quality of increase system.Yet the rigidity of system and quality all receive certain restriction in the practice, can not reduce arbitrarily or increase.As reduce rigidity and can cause the vertical distortion of rail excessive, reduce the lateral stability of system, influence traffic safety; And quality receives structure and spatial constraints, can not be very big, and as for " Cologne egg " and elasticity gumshoe vibration-proof structure, mass of vibration is fixed, can not change; For steel spring floating slab railway roadbed vibration insulating system; Though can improve vibration isolating effect to a certain extent through the float severe of plate of simple increase concrete; But can bring a series of problems such as physical dimension is excessive, cost increases substantially, construction period lengthening, make the economy variation.
Therefore, for low-cost, working procedure is easy relatively, be suitable for the medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of 15 ~ 40dB promoted completely, existing track vibration-reducing measure all is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defective of existing track traffic damping technology, the elastic damping road bed system that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of satisfied low cost, working procedure medium-to-high grade vibration damping easy relatively, that be suitable for promoting completely to require.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: comprise concrete road bed, be installed on said low frequency vibration isolation device in concrete road bed; The positive rigidity flexible member that elastic mechanism in the said low frequency vibration isolation device is processed by metal-rubber is formed, and is perhaps composed in parallel by positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member.
When just the rigidity flexible member was with the parallelly connected combination of negative stiffness flexible member, positive rigidity flexible member was dish spring, helical spring, metal-rubber, metal-rubber-spring armouring, metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil complex spring or their any connection in series-parallel combination; The negative stiffness flexible member is dish spring or diaphragm spring.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, the elastic mechanism of said low frequency vibration isolation device adopts positive stiffness elements and the parallel connection of negative stiffness element to constitute flexible member, wherein; Dish spring or diaphragm spring as negative stiffness; Owing to after bearing load increases to certain value, can present load and reduce and be out of shape the negative stiffness characteristic that continuation increases, therefore; Load-deformation characteristic curve through the positive and negative rigidity flexible member of appropriate design; Can make the rigidity of vibration isolator in the working region be tending towards a less value, guarantee that promptly vibration isolator has in the very high support stiffness, has very low motion rigidity in the working region outside the working region.Like this, can make elastic damping road bed system under the situation that does not increase mass of vibration (the thick and heavy plate of floating), vehicle through the time have the intrinsic frequency of 4 ~ 8Hz, have very strong anti-overload ability simultaneously.This is elastic damping according to the invention road bed system and existing track vibration-reducing fastener, elasticity gumshoe and one of the important difference of plate railway roadbed of floating.
When selecting the dish spring for use,, generally be difficult to meet design requirement because the deflection of the negative stiffness characteristic of monolithic dish spring zone correspondence is very little as the negative stiffness flexible member.Therefore, can adopt the pattern of the involutory combination of several pieces dish springs to constitute the negative stiffness flexible member in the said low frequency vibration isolation device, the total deformation of involutory dish spring is the product of monolithic dish spring deflection and dish reed number, thereby guarantees the anti-vibration performance of elastic damping road bed system.
Optimized technical scheme of the present invention is: said low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the preset groove in concrete road bed both sides; Be embedded with connecting bolt on the said concrete road bed outer face, the protective cover plate of said groove external port is connected with concrete road bed through pre-buried connecting bolt.
The present invention with said slot opening in the track outside; And be fixed with protective cover plate with this slot opening shutoff through connecting bolt; This enclosuring structure makes this envelope of sealing, ON operation very easy; Therefore the low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in this groove, no matter is the installation of beginning or later maintenance work, all very convenient.In addition, because concrete road bed both sides are provided with groove, therefore said groove inside wall plays the cross spacing effect, thereby increases the lateral stability of driving.Simultaneously, allow under less mass of vibration (abandoning the thick and heavy plate of floating) and certain dynamic load effect, to adopt the lower spring of rigidity, thereby obtain 4 ~ 8Hz railway roadbed vibrating isolation system intrinsic frequency, can satisfy the medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of effectiveness in vibration suppression 15 ~ 40dB equally.
The preferred technical scheme of the present invention is following:
Among the present invention; The said positive rigidity flexible member compound mode parallelly connected with the negative stiffness flexible member is: said positive rigidity flexible member is arranged in negative stiffness flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in negative stiffness flexible member both sides, and perhaps the negative stiffness flexible member is arranged in positive rigidity flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in positive rigidity flexible member both sides.
Among the present invention; The elasticity pre-tightening mechanism is installed on the elastic mechanism of said low frequency vibration isolation device; Said elasticity pre-tightening mechanism comprises the lower shoe that is installed on below the elastic mechanism, is installed on upper plate and pretension bolt above the elastic mechanism, and said pretension bolt connects described lower shoe, elastic mechanism and upper plate.
Among the present invention, said low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the preset groove in concrete road bed both sides through height adjustment mechanism.
Said height adjustment mechanism is pad or threaded adjusting mechanism.
The present invention also comprise rail, with rail be fixed on spring secures rail to sleeper on the sleeper, sleeper and with sleeper be linked together articulated beam; Said sleeper bottom surface is connected to band chute junction plate, and the inlet of said chute is towards the groove lateral port; Said low frequency vibration isolation device also comprises bearing plate, and the leftover bits and pieces of said bearing plate is plugged in the upper plate upper end, and said bearing plate is plugged in the chute of said junction plate.
Among the present invention, be provided with the coupling arrangement that prevents said height adjustment mechanism occurred level displacement between said height adjustment mechanism and the railway roadbed groove floor, said coupling arrangement is mechanical brakeman, bolt or concaveconvex structure.
Among the present invention, said concrete road bed step pouring is filled with damping material, elastomeric material or concrete between the two section concrete railway roadbeds and formation connects.
Among the present invention, paste or the spacing pad of the resilient side direction of build-in in the contact site of said recess sidewall or said junction plate and concrete road bed recess sidewall.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1 illustrated embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the horizontal partial cutaway sketch map of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the local enlarged diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the invention 2 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the invention 3 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the invention 4 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 7 be the embodiment of the invention 5 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 8 be the embodiment of the invention 6 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Fig. 9 is the horizontal partial cutaway sketch map of the embodiment of the invention 7 illustrated embodiment;
Figure 10 be the embodiment of the invention 7 illustrated embodiment laterally cut open local enlarged diagram;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 8 illustrated embodiment.
Among the figure, 1, rail; 2, spring secures rail to sleeper; 3a, short sleeper, 3b, long articulated beam, 3c, long sleeper, 3d, short articulated beam; 4, concrete road bed; 5, the spacing pad of side direction; 6, band chute junction plate; 7, low frequency vibration isolation device, 7-1 are bearing plate, and 7-2 is a pretension bolt, and 7-3 is a seal closure; 7-4 is a upper plate, and 7-5 is the dish spring, and 7-6a is metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element, and 7-6b is the metal-rubber flexible member; 7-7 is a helical steel springs, and 7-8 is a lower shoe, and 7-9a is not for being with groove vibration isolator sleeve, and 7-9b is band groove vibration isolator sleeve; 7-10 elastomeric pad, 7-11a are damping fluid, and 7-11b is the solid damping; 8, threaded adjusting mechanism, 8-1 is for regulating bolt, and 8-2 is a locking nut, and 8-3 is a lock washer, and 8-4 is for regulating base plate; 9, dust cover; 10a is band groove mechanical brakeman, and 10b is not for being with the groove mechanical brakeman; 11, adjustment pad.
The specific embodiment
Elastic damping of the present invention road bed system comprises rail, spring secures rail to sleeper, sleeper, articulated beam, junction plate, low frequency vibration isolation device, governor motion and concrete integral channel bed; Rail, spring secures rail to sleeper, sleeper, articulated beam and junction plate flexibly are supported on the low frequency vibration isolation device, and the low frequency vibration isolation device is positioned in the groove of concrete integral channel bed through governor motion.Said low frequency vibration isolation device comprises the vibration isolator sleeve and is installed on the elastic mechanism in the vibration isolator sleeve; Said elastic mechanism is made up of positive rigidity flexible member, is perhaps composed in parallel by positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member; When said positive rigidity flexible member and the combination of negative stiffness flexible member; Positive rigidity flexible member can be arranged in negative stiffness flexible member inside or be evenly arranged in negative stiffness flexible member both sides; Also can be that the negative stiffness flexible member is arranged in positive rigidity flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in positive rigidity flexible member both sides; Wherein, positive rigidity flexible member is dish spring, helical spring, metal-rubber, metal-rubber-spring armouring, metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil complex spring or their any connection in series-parallel combination; The negative stiffness flexible member is dish spring or diaphragm spring.Can be according to designing requirement selection standard spare or self-control.
The elasticity pre-tightening mechanism is installed on the elastic mechanism of said low frequency vibration isolation device; Said elasticity pre-tightening mechanism comprises the lower shoe that is installed on below the elastic mechanism, is installed on upper plate and pretension bolt above the elastic mechanism, and said pretension bolt connects described lower shoe, elastic mechanism and upper plate.Pre-tightening mechanism is realized the flexible member in the vibration isolator is carried out pretension, and pretightning force is calculated according to instructions for use.The purpose that applies pretightning force is to make the elastic performance of dish spring in the positive negative stiffness parallel connection flexible member be near its negative stiffness zone or make independent positive rigidity flexible member be in big supporting region; The vertical deflection of rail is excessive when avoiding vehicle to pass through, and influences traffic safety.Pretension bolt comprises bolt body, metal-rubber buffering spacer and nut, and wherein, the metal-rubber buffering spacer is used for reducing impact and the noise in the generation of vehicle operating process pre-tightening mechanism.
Usually damping element or damping structure need be set in the vibrating isolation system, can return to the state before being disturbed in order to consume very soon after vibrational energy is interfered system, and suppress system resonance.Among the present invention; Need not to be provided with separately damping element through making the integrated certain damping of low frequency vibration isolation device itself, reaching, to save the space; And the purpose that makes structural configuration be able to simplify, thereby solved taking up room of separately damping element being set and being brought and made the structure complicated problems that becomes.
The concrete implementation of integrated damping has following several kinds in the low frequency vibration isolation device of the present invention:
One of which, the positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device adopts the metal rubber material preparation, and can embed lead for retractable pencil.Because the inner net structure that links each other for wire spiral wire turn of metal rubber material, under the dynamic load effect, the slippage between the wire turn, friction, extruding a large amount of vibrational energy that can dissipate, thus certain damping is provided for vibration isolator.Simultaneously, the friction between involutory dish spring contact surface can provide certain dry-friction damping, and the lead for retractable pencil that embeds in the metal-rubber also can provide the certain structure damping in deformation process.In addition, metal rubber material itself has the change damping characteristic, and the damping meeting increases with amplitude, increases with frequency to reduce.And can know by vibration absorbing theory, different to the requirement of damping at resonance region with the vibration isolation district.At resonance region,, require the vibration isolator damping to be the bigger the better in order to suppress system resonance effectively; And in the vibration isolation district, then on the contrary, in order to reach good vibration isolating effect, require the damping of vibration isolator more little good more.The change damping characteristic of metal rubber material can well satisfy system in resonance region and vibration isolation district the demands of different to damping, this is elastic damping according to the invention road bed system and existing track vibration-reducing fastener, elasticity gumshoe and one of the important difference of plate railway roadbed of floating.
Simultaneously, metal rubber material has nonlinear elasticity characteristic, adopts it as positive rigidity flexible member, is convenient to mate with the dish spring with non-linear negative stiffness characteristic, and the mechanical property of low frequency vibration isolation device is met design requirement better.
Its two, the positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device adopts steel spring, and fluid damping or solid damping are set in the vibration isolator housing, the spring bottom is immersed in the fluid damping, or local the embedding in the solid damping material (like high-damping polyurethane).
Its three, the positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device adopts steel spring and metal-rubber complex method, the metal-rubber damping conductor can be put into steel spring or metal rubber material and steel spring armouring.
Elastic damping of the present invention road bed system also comprise rail, with rail be fixed on spring secures rail to sleeper on the sleeper, sleeper and with sleeper be linked together articulated beam; Said sleeper bottom surface is connected to band chute junction plate, and the inlet of said chute is towards the groove outer face, and paste or the spacing pad of the resilient side direction of build-in at the position of side contacts in said band chute junction plate and the concrete road bed groove; Said low frequency vibration isolation device also comprises bearing plate, and the leftover bits and pieces of said bearing plate is plugged in the upper plate upper end, and said bearing plate is plugged in the chute of said junction plate.This structure design is convenient to installation and maintenance on the one hand, and on the other hand, the chute of junction plate bottom has positioning action to vibration isolator, the displacement of restriction vibration isolator.Among the present invention, the end with the band chute junction plate of concrete road bed groove structure contact site both can pasted or be mounted in to the spacing pad of side direction, and it is inboard also can be arranged on concrete road bed groove.
Consider quiet, the even distribution of dynamic loading on elastic roadbed, each short sleeper connects through bolt with one or several vertical crossbeams at least.Each vertical long sleeper passes through the bolt connection with several laterally short articulated beams.
Concrete road bed bilateral symmetry is cast with groove structure in the said elastic damping road bed system, middle cast gutter.The low frequency vibration isolation device is positioned in the railway roadbed grooves on two sides through governor motion; In order to prevent the governor motion horizontal shift; Between governor motion and groove floor coupling arrangement is set, this coupling arrangement is the very high mechanical brakeman of friction factor, also can adopt concaveconvex structure or bolt to connect.In addition, elastomeric pad is installed, to reduce harmful effect because of issuable impact brings vibration isolator between governor motion and vibration isolator in the vehicle operating process in low frequency vibration isolation device bottom.
High and vibration isolator is overhauled, changes for the ease of the adjustment rail, in the said elastic roadbed system governor motion is set, governor motion adopts adjustment pad or two kinds of patterns of threaded adjusting mechanism.Both respectively have superiority: the adjusting pad chip architecture is simple, and bearing capacity is big, reliable operation; Threaded adjusting mechanism forms by regulating bolt, adjusting base plate, locking nut and lock washer, can realize step-less adjustment.When adopting the adjustment pad, transfer the course of work of rail and maintenance, replacing vibration isolator to be: below the rail that the correcting wedge wedging that at first will have certain taper needs to regulate, low frequency vibration isolation device and adjustment pad to be disengaged slightly as governor motion.When transferring rail, regulate through the gross thickness that changes the adjustment pad; When maintenance, replacing vibration isolator, vibration isolator extraction from the chute of junction plate bottom is overhauled, changed.After transferring rail or maintenance, replacing vibration isolator, withdraw from correcting wedge.Adopt threaded adjusting mechanism to transfer the course of work of rail and maintenance, replacing low frequency vibration isolation device to be: when transferring rail; At first unclamp locking nut and pad in the threaded adjusting mechanism; Regulate through the rotation adjusting base plate, tighten locking nut and pad after reaching requirement; When maintenance, replacing vibration isolator, the correcting wedge insertion that will have certain taper earlier needs to overhaul, change the rail below at vibration isolator place, unclamps locking nut and pad in the threaded adjusting mechanism then; Base plate is regulated in turn clockwise, and itself and vibration isolator are disengaged, and then the low frequency vibration isolation device is extracted out from the chute of junction plate bottom; After vibration isolator maintenance, replacing were accomplished, base plate was regulated in turn counterclockwise, and it is contacted with vibration isolator; Tighten locking nut then, withdraw from correcting wedge.
Concrete road bed length in the said elastic damping railway roadbed is generally 5 ~ 15 meters; Usually carry out cast-in-site or prefabricated forming by concrete; Also can fill and the formation connection with damping material, elastomeric material or concrete between the adjacent railway roadbed by concrete and steel work be combined into.
For guaranteeing the smooth transition between elastic damping railway roadbed section and the adjacent railway roadbed (as adopting the solid concrete roabed of other track vibration-reducing structures such as track vibration-reducing device fastener or elasticity gumshoe); The interior low frequency vibration isolation device of concrete road bed groove that the low frequency vibration isolation device is adjacent with other railway roadbed; Its rigidity is identical, but arranging density increases gradually or reduces to end direction; Perhaps arranging density is identical, but its rigidity increases gradually or reduces to end direction.This elastic damping railway roadbed the mean rigidity on unit length adjacent with other railway roadbed should carry out the transition to the rigidity close with adjacent railway roadbed in vertical direction at least gradually, can be achieved through the low frequency vibration isolation device that equal rigidity, different arranging density or different-stiffness, equal arranging density are installed.
With existing track vibration-reducing compared with techniques, elastic damping of the present invention road bed system has the following advantages:
(1) ballast bed structure is unique; Concrete road bed lateral symmetry is cast with groove structure; Both guaranteed the lateral stability of driving; Also allow under less mass of vibration (abandoning the thick and heavy plate of floating) and certain dynamic load effect, to adopt the lower spring of rigidity, thereby obtain 4 ~ 8Hz railway roadbed vibrating isolation system intrinsic frequency, can satisfy the medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement of effectiveness in vibration suppression 15 ~ 40dB equally;
(2) compare with the plate railway roadbed of floating, abandoned the heavy plated construction of floating, greatly reduce construction costs, can promote the use of completely, and the construction content is few, operation is simple, construction period shortens greatly;
(3) compare with the formula resiliency supported ladder-type sleepers track of floating, when significantly not increasing construction costs, have higher damping efficiency;
(4) can adopt metal-rubber as positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device; Make vibration isolator have the change damping characteristic; Can not only absorb elastic roadbed top train through the time wheel track contact vibrational energy that transmits; Improve the antivibration safety of traffic safety and railway roadbed, and can satisfy resonance region and vibration isolation district demands of different simultaneously damping;
(5) the low frequency vibration isolation device has lowered the support stiffness of rail, and the wheel track dynamic force that wheel track tread irregularity is caused obtains buffering to a certain degree, has promptly reduced the vibration and the noise of track structure from the excitation aspect;
(6) bed system lateral stability in elastic damping road is good, and the railway roadbed groove structure is spacing simple, can realize standardization, the seriation of product;
(7) need not dismantle rail, need not special-purpose jacking instrument, can transfer the maintenance and the replacing of rail and vibration isolator from concrete road bed side, simple to operation.
Embodiment 1:
Shown in Figure 2, concrete road bed 4 are formed by cast-in-site, and lateral symmetry is cast with groove 41, middle cast gutter 42.Be embedded with connecting bolt on the concrete road bed 4 transverse concave groove side end faces, protective cover plate 9 is connected with concrete road bed 4 through pre-buried connecting bolt, forms an enclosure space, prevents that impurity such as dust, rainwater from getting into groove.
Shown in Figure 3, the flexible pad 7-10 in low frequency vibration isolation device 7 bottoms, vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a connects through concaveconvex structure and elastomeric pad 7-10; Place positive negative stiffness parallel connection flexible member in the vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a; Positive negative stiffness parallel connection flexible member is composed in parallel by dish spring 7-5 and metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element 7-6a; Dish spring 7-5 is enclosed within metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element 7-6a outside, and carries out pretension through pretension bolt 7-2, upper plate 7-4, lower shoe 7-8.When vehicle passed through, the dish spring 7-5 outside provided lateral stiffness with the interior side contacts of vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a; Flexibly connect through seal closure 7-3 between vibration isolator upper plate 7-4 and the vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a, seal closure 7-3 plays the dust seal effect to vibration isolator 7 inner assemblies; Bearing plate 7-1 connects through concaveconvex structure with upper plate 7-4, and the wheel track dynamic force is passed to low frequency vibration isolation device 7.
Shown in Figure 1; The spring fastening of rail 1 usefulness spring secures rail to sleeper 2; Short sleeper 3a two ends are shaped on through hole, are shaped on blind hole on the band chute junction plate 6, with screw spring secures rail to sleeper 2, short sleeper 3a, band chute junction plate 6 are linked together; The bearing plate 7-1 of low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is inserted in the chute of band chute junction plate 6, thereby rail 1, spring secures rail to sleeper 2, (weak point) sleeper 3a, band chute junction plate 6 and low frequency vibration isolation device 7 are linked up.
Shown in Figure 3, low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is placed on the mechanical brakeman 10a of concrete road bed 4 groove floor through threaded adjusting mechanism 8.Mechanical brakeman 10a has groove, and threaded adjusting mechanism 8 connects with mechanical brakeman 10a through concaveconvex structure.Threaded adjusting mechanism 8 is made up of adjusting bolt 8-1, locking nut 8-2, lock washer 8-3, adjusting base plate 8-4; Low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is placed on to be regulated on the base plate 8-4; Regulate base plate 8-4 and carry out locking positioning through locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3; Loosen locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3, can realize highly electrodeless adjusting through rotation adjusting base plate 8-4.
When replacing, maintenance low frequency vibration isolation device 7; Rail 1 below at low frequency vibration isolation device 7 places that the correcting wedge insertion that at first will have certain taper needs to change, overhaul; Unclamp locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3 in the threaded adjusting mechanism 8 then; Turn clockwise and regulate base plate 8-4, when its elastomeric pad 7-10 with low frequency vibration isolation device 7 disengages, low frequency vibration isolation device 7 extraction from band chute junction plate 6 is changed, overhauled.Behind replacing, the maintenance vibration isolator, be rotated counterclockwise and regulate base plate 8-4, it is contacted with elastomeric pad 7-10, tighten locking nut 8-2 then, withdraw from correcting wedge; The adjustment rail at first unclamps locking nut 8-2 and lock washer 8-3 in the threaded adjusting mechanism 8 when high, and 8-4 regulates through the rotation adjusting base plate, tightens locking nut 8-2 after reaching requirement.
During actual the use; The quiet dynamic loading that rail 1 is born is delivered to low frequency vibration isolation device 7 through spring secures rail to sleeper 2, short sleeper 3a, long articulated beam 3b, band chute junction plate 6, bearing plate 7-1; Constitute the vibrating isolation system that intrinsic frequency is lower by mass of vibration (car body, rail 1, spring secures rail to sleeper 2, short sleeper 3a, long articulated beam 3b, band chute junction plate 6) with low frequency vibration isolation device 7, the medium-high frequency vibration that acts on the rail 1 is isolated.
Because the elasticity and the supporting capacity of the positive negative stiffness parallel connection flexible member all directions in the low frequency vibration isolation device 7 can design arbitrarily as required; So both can design the elastic damping railway roadbed instead of rubber that the satisfies middle-grade vibration damping requirement plate railway roadbed of floating, and also can design the low-cost elastic damping railway roadbed that satisfies the requirement of high retaining vibration damping and substitute the high steel spring floating slab railway roadbed of cost.
Elastic damping railway roadbed general requirements lateral stiffness is higher than its vertical stiffness; To guarantee the lateral stability of railway roadbed; Because positive negative stiffness parallel connection flexible member can provide very low vertical stiffness in the vibration isolator operation interval; Side contacts in negative stiffness flexible member dish spring 7-5 and the vibration isolator sleeve 7-9a when while, vehicle passed through, band chute junction plate 6 can provide very big lateral stiffness again through the groove structure juxtaposition metamorphose of spacing pad 5 of the fixing elastic side of its side end and concrete integral channel bed 4.Therefore, the elastic damping railway roadbed not only can satisfy medium-to-high grade vibration damping requirement, and has good lateral stability, and is simple in structure.
The elastic damping railway roadbed has been abandoned in the plate railway roadbed of floating the heavy plated construction of floating, and only need carry out concrete road bed cast-in-site during construction and prefabricated sleeper is connected with articulated beam.Compare with the plate railway roadbed of floating, not only working procedure obtains simplifying, and construction period shortens significantly, and greatly reduces construction costs, and promote the use of suitable all fronts.In addition, just can transfer the maintenance and the replacing of rail and vibration isolator from concrete road bed side, very convenient.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 4; Present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical; Difference is: positive rigidity flexible member is composed in parallel by helical steel springs 7-7 and metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b in the low frequency vibration isolation device 7; Helical steel springs 7-7 is enclosed within the metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b outside, and both provide positive rigidity for the low frequency vibration isolation device jointly.Metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b can also provide certain damping for the low frequency vibration isolation device, makes the low frequency vibration isolation utensil that the change damping characteristic arranged, satisfy simultaneously vibration isolator in resonance region and vibration isolation district the demands of different to damping.In addition, also can helical steel springs and metal-rubber flexible member be carried out armouring, constitute an independently positive rigidity flexible member.
Positive rigidity flexible member in the present embodiment also is applicable to other embodiment.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 5, present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and difference is: adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device 7, positive rigidity flexible member is helical steel springs 7-7.Lower shoe 7-8 connects through concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b, is marked with damping fluid 7-11a in the band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 6, present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and difference is: adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device 7, positive rigidity flexible member is helical steel springs 7-7, and helical steel springs 7-7 embeds among the solid damping 7-11b.Lower shoe 7-8 connects through concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b.
Embodiment 5:
As shown in Figure 7, present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and difference is: adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device 7, positive rigidity flexible member is metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil composite elastic element 7-6a.Lower shoe 7-8 connects through concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b.
Embodiment 6:
As shown in Figure 8, present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and difference is: adopt independent positive rigidity flexible member in the low frequency vibration isolation device 7, positive rigidity flexible member is composed in parallel by metal-rubber flexible member 7-6b and helical spring 7-7.Lower shoe 7-8 connects through concaveconvex structure with band groove vibration isolator sleeve 7-9b.
Embodiment 7:
Like Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and difference is: governor motion is placed and is not with groove mechanical brakeman 10b for adjustment pad 11, governor motion bottom.Adjustment pad 11 is simple in structure, and bearing capacity is big, reliable operation.Through adjustment pad 11 being connected, prevent occurred level displacement between the adjustment pad 11 in the vehicle operating process at railway roadbed groove floor pre-embedded bolt.During for the ease of the accent rail adjustment pad 11 is increased and decreased, be processed with U-lag on the adjustment pad 11.
When replacing, maintenance low frequency vibration isolation device 7; Rail 1 below at low frequency vibration isolation device 7 places that the correcting wedge wedging that at first will have certain taper needs to change, overhaul; Low frequency vibration isolation device 7 and adjustment pad 11 are disengaged slightly; Then low frequency vibration isolation device 7 is extracted out from the chute of band chute junction plate 6 bottoms and changed, overhaul, withdraw from correcting wedge at last; When the adjustment rail is high; The correcting wedge wedging that at first will have certain taper needs rail 1 below at low frequency vibration isolation device 7 places of adjusting, and low frequency vibration isolation device 7 and adjustment pad 11 are disengaged slightly, unclamps the nut of connecting bolt on the adjustment pad 11 then; Gross thickness through changing adjustment pad 11 is regulated; After reaching requirement,, withdraw from correcting wedge at last with nut screwing clamping.
Governor motion also is applicable to other embodiment in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 8:
Shown in figure 11, present embodiment and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and difference is: adopt vertically long sleeper 3c, and connect with several laterally short articulated beam 3d.Vertical long sleeper 3c in the present embodiment and laterally short articulated beam 3d are equally applicable to other embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. elastic damping road bed system is characterized in that: comprise concrete road bed, be installed on said low frequency vibration isolation device in concrete road bed; The positive rigidity flexible member that elastic mechanism in the said low frequency vibration isolation device is processed by metal-rubber is formed, and is perhaps composed in parallel by positive rigidity flexible member and negative stiffness flexible member.
2. elastic damping according to claim 1 road bed system; It is characterized in that: said low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the preset groove in concrete road bed both sides; Be embedded with connecting bolt on the said concrete road bed outer face, the protective cover plate of said groove external port is connected with concrete road bed through pre-buried connecting bolt.
3. elastic damping according to claim 1 road bed system; It is characterized in that: the said positive rigidity flexible member compound mode parallelly connected with the negative stiffness flexible member is: said positive rigidity flexible member is arranged in negative stiffness flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in negative stiffness flexible member both sides, and perhaps the negative stiffness flexible member is arranged in positive rigidity flexible member inside or is evenly arranged in positive rigidity flexible member both sides.
4. elastic damping according to claim 1 road bed system; It is characterized in that: the elasticity pre-tightening mechanism is installed on the elastic mechanism of said low frequency vibration isolation device; Said elasticity pre-tightening mechanism comprises the lower shoe that is installed on below the elastic mechanism, is installed on upper plate and pretension bolt above the elastic mechanism, and said pretension bolt connects described lower shoe, elastic mechanism and upper plate.
5. elastic damping according to claim 1 road bed system is characterized in that: said low frequency vibration isolation device is installed in the preset groove in concrete road bed both sides through height adjustment mechanism.
6. elastic damping according to claim 5 road bed system is characterized in that said height adjusting structure is pad or threaded adjusting mechanism.
7. elastic damping according to claim 1 road bed system is characterized in that: comprise rail, with rail be fixed on spring secures rail to sleeper on the sleeper, sleeper and with sleeper be linked together articulated beam; Said sleeper bottom surface is connected with band chute junction plate, and the inlet of said chute is towards the groove lateral port; Said low frequency vibration isolation device also comprises bearing plate, and the leftover bits and pieces of said bearing plate is plugged in the upper plate upper end, and said bearing plate is plugged in the chute of said junction plate.
8. elastic damping according to claim 1 road bed system; It is characterized in that: be provided with the coupling arrangement that prevents said height adjustment mechanism occurred level displacement between said height adjustment mechanism and the railway roadbed groove floor, said coupling arrangement is mechanical brakeman, bolt or concaveconvex structure.
9. according to claim 1 or 3 described elastic damping road bed systems; It is characterized in that: said positive rigidity flexible member is during with the parallelly connected combination of negative stiffness flexible member, and positive rigidity flexible member is dish spring, helical spring, metal-rubber, metal-rubber-spring armouring, metal-rubber-lead for retractable pencil complex spring or their any connection in series-parallel combination; The negative stiffness flexible member is dish spring or diaphragm spring.
10. elastic damping according to claim 7 road bed system is characterized in that: the contact site in said recess sidewall or said junction plate and concrete road bed recess sidewall is pasted or the spacing pad of the resilient side direction of build-in.
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| CN201210077560.8A CN102535262B (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2012-03-22 | Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210077560.8A CN102535262B (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2012-03-22 | Elastic vibration-reduction ballast bed system |
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| CN102535262B CN102535262B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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| CN103526650A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-01-22 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Passive type power vibration reduction floating slab track structure |
| CN103711990A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-09 | 上海交通大学 | Metal rubber-disc spring all-metal three-way composite support for piping vibration isolation and impact resistance |
| CN105484111A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 北京捷适中坤铁道技术有限公司 | Longitudinal sleeper vibration damping rail and vibration damping component thereof |
| CN105755913A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-07-13 | 成都明日星辰科技有限公司 | Track damper |
| CN105755910A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-07-13 | 成都明日星辰科技有限公司 | Railway track with oleo dampers |
| CN105755912A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-07-13 | 成都明日星辰科技有限公司 | Railway track provided with shock absorbers |
| CN108396599A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏振华轨道交通设备有限公司 | A kind of floating plate railway roadbed damper arrangement apparatus and method |
| CN112111999A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-22 | 周义 | Railway integral ballast bed with good shock absorption |
| CN113026444A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-cold-region high-speed railway bridge transition section vibration reduction and deformation self-regulation composite track structure |
| CN113106788A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-13 | 厦门大学 | Floating track bed vibration reduction method and device based on multilayer composite damping |
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| CN112111999A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-22 | 周义 | Railway integral ballast bed with good shock absorption |
| CN113106788A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-13 | 厦门大学 | Floating track bed vibration reduction method and device based on multilayer composite damping |
| CN113026444A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-cold-region high-speed railway bridge transition section vibration reduction and deformation self-regulation composite track structure |
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