CN110939017A - Elastic prefabricated assembling plate type ballast track - Google Patents
Elastic prefabricated assembling plate type ballast track Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110939017A CN110939017A CN201911281388.6A CN201911281388A CN110939017A CN 110939017 A CN110939017 A CN 110939017A CN 201911281388 A CN201911281388 A CN 201911281388A CN 110939017 A CN110939017 A CN 110939017A
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- track
- elastic
- ballast
- plate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/001—Track with ballast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track, which comprises the following components from top to bottom: a track panel structure comprising a rail and a fastener; the prefabricated elastic assembly type track plate is formed by assembling a frame plate on the periphery, a cover plate in the middle and an elastic cushion layer; a ballast track bed structure layer; the elastic cushion layer is arranged on the ballast track bed structure layer, the frame plate is arranged on the elastic cushion layer to form a closed space, the cover plate is arranged in the closed space, and the steel rail is fixed on the frame plate through a fastener. The utility model provides a track structure has combined the advantage that has tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track and ballastless track, has good elasticity, has fine stability, can adapt to the big deformation of lower part basis, can keep track structure geometric state for a long time, can reduce maintenance work load by a wide margin, after the deformation appears in the lower part basis, can conveniently restore fast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of railway track engineering, in particular to a frame plate type ballast track.
Background
At present, in railway engineering at home and abroad, track structures mainly comprise two types of ballastless tracks and ballasted tracks. The ballast bed structure of the ballast track bears the track panel structure above the ballast track in a way of ballast accumulation of gravel, so that the stability of a track frame is ensured; the ballast bed structure of the ballastless track does not adopt broken stone ballast, but adopts an integral structure formed by pouring reinforced concrete.
The ballast track consists of steel rails, fasteners, sleepers, gravel beds and the like, and is characterized by having better elasticity, easy maintenance due to instability and other problems, lower requirements on the bearing capacity and deformation of a lower foundation and capability of adapting to larger deformation; but it is not good for ensuring the stability of the track structure; the contact area between the sleeper and the railway ballast is small, and the broken stones of the railway bed are stressed unevenly and are easy to wear and pulverize, so that the maintenance amount is large; meanwhile, the surface of the ballast track bed is uneven, which is not beneficial to maintenance, daily work inspection and passenger evacuation in emergency; the railway ballast is exposed on the surface, and particularly, the railway ballast is easy to take off and take off under the high-speed condition, so that the driving safety is influenced.
The ballastless track comprises steel rails, fasteners, sleepers, track bed boards, a base, an adjusting layer and the like, is poor in elasticity, high in requirement on deformation of a foundation below a line, incapable of adapting to large deformation of the foundation below the line, good in stability, capable of well keeping the geometric shape of the track and reducing maintenance work. Once the lower foundation is deformed greatly, the upper ballastless track structure is permanently damaged and cannot be repaired quickly.
In the construction of a high-speed railway, because of high operation speed, the foundation of the lower part of a section with poor geological conditions cannot meet the section with the requirement of laying a ballastless track, if a ballast track structure is adopted, the problems that the safety is affected by ballast flying, the maintenance workload of the track structure is large, and the like exist, and therefore a more applicable track structure is required to adapt to the railway construction of the sections.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track, which combines the advantages of a ballast track and a ballastless track, has good elasticity and stability, can adapt to large deformation of a lower foundation, can keep the geometric state of the track structure for a long time, can greatly reduce maintenance workload, and can be conveniently and quickly repaired after the lower foundation deforms.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track, which comprises the following components from top to bottom:
a track panel structure comprising a rail and a fastener;
the prefabricated elastic assembly type track plate is formed by assembling a frame plate on the periphery, a cover plate in the middle and an elastic cushion layer;
a ballast track bed structure layer;
the elastic cushion layer is arranged on the ballast track bed structure layer, the frame plate is arranged on the elastic cushion layer to form a closed space, the cover plate is arranged in the closed space, and the steel rail is fixed on the frame plate through a fastener.
Furthermore, the prefabricated elastic assembly type track slab is provided with a rail bearing platform, and the steel rail is fixed on the rail bearing platform through a fastener.
Further, the elastic cushion layer is made of a rubber material or other high polymer materials.
Further, the prefabricated elastic assembly type track slab is wrapped and limited by a ballast bed structure layer below so as to ensure the stability of the track structure.
Further, the frame plate adopts a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a non-prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a structure made of other materials; the cover plate is made of non-prestressed reinforced concrete structures or structures made of other materials.
Further, the length of the prefabricated elastic assembly type track slab is 1-5 meters.
Further, the frame plate periphery is equipped with spacing arch.
On the other hand, the application claims a construction method of the elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track, which includes the following steps:
respectively prefabricating a frame plate and a cover plate, and arranging hoisting embedded parts on the frame plate and the cover plate;
pre-laying a ballast track structure layer according to the size and the position of the design requirement on a track structure laying site;
assembling the frame plate and the elastic cushion layer into a whole in a prefabrication plant, wherein the assembling comprises the steps of adhering the elastic cushion layer on the frame plate or connecting an assembly part embedded in the frame plate with the elastic cushion layer, and accurately hoisting the whole on a ballast track bed structure layer;
fixing the steel rail on the frame plate through a fastener;
lifting, shifting, adjusting and tamping a ballast bed structure layer by a large-scale road maintenance machinery tamping car according to design requirements, and ensuring that the geometric position and the laying tolerance of a steel rail meet the design requirements;
after the steel rail is adjusted, the cover plate is hoisted into the enclosed space of the frame plate and fixed with the frame plate.
Further, comprising: the length of a prefabricated elastic assembly type track slab assembled by a frame slab, a cover plate and an elastic cushion is 1-5 m, ballast of 5-10 cm is filled between every two adjacent prefabricated elastic assembly type track slabs, and the surface of the ballast is at least 5 cm lower than the top surface of the frame slab.
In another aspect, the application claims a method for adjusting an elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track after a foundation is greatly deformed, where the method includes the following steps:
firstly, adjusting fasteners, adjusting the vertical height of a steel rail by increasing or reducing fastener height-adjusting gaskets, and adjusting the transverse offset of the steel rail by replacing fastener gauge blocks or gauge baffles;
if the adjustment range of the fastener cannot meet the requirement, the vertical and horizontal adjustment and tamping of the ballast bed structure layer can be carried out through a large-scale road maintenance mechanical tamping car after the cover plate is taken down, so that the steel rail can be quickly restored to the designed position;
the large deformation comprises arching, settlement, transverse dislocation or transverse deviation of the lower foundation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the elastic prefabricated assembled plate type ballast track has good elasticity, and the elasticity is equivalent to that of the traditional ballast track structure;
(2) the upper track frame of the elastic prefabricated plate type ballasted track adopts a ballastless track form, so that the stability is good and is equivalent to that of the traditional ballastless track;
(3) according to the invention, the elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track avoids the railway ballast from being exposed on the upper surface, solves the problem of splashing of the railway ballast in the high-speed railway, and improves the driving safety of the high-speed railway;
(4) according to the elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track, the upper part adopts a track plate form, so that the contact area between the track plate and a lower broken stone ballast is greatly increased, and the load of the upper part is uniformly distributed and transmitted to a track bed; meanwhile, an elastic cushion layer is assembled below the track slab, so that the dynamic impact effect of the upper dynamic load on the ballast bed is greatly relieved; in addition, the track slab with the integral upper part plays a better role in sealing and protecting the ballast bed layer with the lower part, and avoids the influence of sundries and the like on the service life of the ballast bed due to the invasion of the ballast bed, so that the structural form greatly reduces the abrasion and pulverization of ballast of the ballast bed, greatly reduces the maintenance workload of the ballast bed with the lower part, and greatly improves the integral service life of the track structure;
(5) the elastic prefabricated assembled plate type ballast track can adapt to large deformation of a lower foundation, if the lower foundation is deformed greatly, such as arching, settlement, transverse dislocation, transverse deviation and the like of the lower foundation, a fastener can be adopted for adjustment firstly, and if the fastener cannot be adjusted, a cover plate assembled in the middle of a track plate can be taken down and then vertical, transverse adjustment and tamping of a ballast track bed are carried out, so that the vertical height can be adjusted greatly, the vertical height-adjusting plate type ballast track also has the capability of vertical and large-amplitude rail surface height adjustment and the capability of transverse left and right adjustment, and the adjustment and repair are convenient and quick, and the elastic prefabricated assembled plate type ballast track is particularly suitable for the construction of mountain railways, high-speed railways and heavy haul railways;
(6) the cost of the elastic prefabricated assembled plate type ballast track is between that of the traditional ballast track and that of a ballastless track, is lower than that of the ballastless track, and has the advantages of both the ballast track and the ballastless track.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an elastic prefabricated slab ballast track of the embodiment of the invention in a roadbed structure on the lower basis.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the ballast track with the elastic prefabricated slab in the form of a tunnel structure on the lower foundation of the ballast track with the elastic prefabricated slab according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of an elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the drawings, the names of the parts corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows:
1. the steel rail, 2 fasteners, 3 rail bearing platforms, 4 frame plates, 5 cover plates, 6 elastic cushion layers, 7 ballast track bed structure layers, 8 roadbed structures, 9 tunnel structures and 10 tunnel inverted arch backfill layers.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a cross-sectional view of an implementation example form of an elastic prefabricated slab ballast track of the embodiment of the present application, which is a roadbed structure on a lower foundation, includes, from top to bottom: the track panel structure is characterized by comprising a prefabricated elastic assembly type track plate and a track bed.
The ballast bed adopts a ballast bed structure layer 7; the ballast bed structure layer 7 wraps the prefabricated elastic assembly type track slab and limits the track slab, so that the stability of the whole track structure is guaranteed.
The prefabricated elastic assembly type track slab is 1-5 meters long and is formed by assembling a frame plate 4 at the periphery, a cover plate 5 in the middle and an elastic cushion layer 6, wherein the elastic cushion layer 6 is arranged on a ballast bed structure layer 7, the frame plate 4 is arranged on the elastic cushion layer 6 and encloses a closed space, preferably, the closed space is a rectangular space, and the rectangular cover plate 5 is accommodated in the closed space and tightly attached to the inner side wall of the frame plate 4. In one embodiment of the present application, the elastic cushion 6 may be made of a rubber material.
The track panel structure comprises a steel rail 1 and fasteners 2, wherein the steel rail 1 is fixed on a frame plate 4 of the prefabricated elastic assembly type track plate through the fasteners 2, preferably, a rail bearing platform 3 is arranged on the frame plate 4 of the prefabricated elastic assembly type track plate, and the steel rail 1 is fixed on the rail bearing platform 3 through the fasteners 2.
Preferably, the frame plate 4 is provided with a limiting protrusion at the periphery thereof to increase the structural stability.
In another embodiment of the application, the construction method of the elastic prefabricated assembled slab ballast track includes the following steps:
respectively prefabricating a frame plate 4 and a cover plate 5, and arranging hoisting embedded parts on the frame plate 4 and the cover plate 5;
pre-laying a ballast track structure layer 7 on a track structure laying site according to the size and position of the design requirement;
assembling the frame plate 4 and the elastic cushion layer 6 into a whole in a prefabrication plant, and accurately hoisting the whole on a ballast track bed structure layer 7;
fixing a steel rail 1 on a frame plate 4 through a fastener 2;
after the steel rail 1 is adjusted, the cover plate 5 is hoisted into the enclosed space of the frame plate 4 and fixed with the frame plate.
The prefabricated elastic assembly type track slabs are arranged at intervals, and railway ballasts of 5-10 cm are filled between every two adjacent prefabricated elastic assembly type track slabs, and the surface of each railway ballast is at least 5 cm lower than the top surface of the frame slab.
In another embodiment of the present application, an important application of the elastic prefabricated assembled slab ballast track of the present invention is: after the foundation is greatly deformed, the adjustment can be conveniently and quickly carried out, so that the track can meet the use requirement again. The specific adjustment method is as follows:
firstly, adjusting a fastener 2, adjusting the vertical height of the steel rail 1 by increasing or reducing a fastener height-adjusting gasket, and adjusting the transverse offset of the steel rail 1 by changing a fastener track gauge block or a track gauge baffle.
If the adjustment range of fastener 2 can't satisfy the requirement, then can have vertical, the horizontal adjustment and the tamping of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. railway roadbed structure layer 7 to carry out through large-scale road maintaining machinery tamping car after taking off apron 5, make rail 1 resume the position of design fast.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the elastic prefabricated slab ballast track of the present application in a tunnel structure at a lower foundation. Basically the same as the figure 1, the track structure is composed of a steel rail 1, a fastener 2, a rail bearing platform 3, a frame plate 4, a cover plate 5, an elastic cushion layer 6 and a ballast track bed 7 from top to bottom, and the difference lies in that: the lower foundation 9 is a tunnel structure, and the lower foundation 10 is a backfill layer above an inverted arch of the tunnel. A plurality of pairs of fasteners 2 can be arranged above each track plate 3 according to requirements. The track plate 3 is provided with a hoisting embedded part for hoisting the track plate. And a hoisting embedded part is arranged above the cover plate 5 and used for hoisting the cover plate. The elastic cushion under the track plate is assembled with the track plate into a whole in a factory. The cover plate 5 is mounted in the frame plate 4 and fixed to each other after the adjustment of the rails.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the elastic prefabricated slab ballast track according to the invention. The frame plate 4 is only one form of column, but may be designed in other similar forms as required. The elastic prefabricated assembled track slab consisting of the frame plate 4, the cover plate 5 and the elastic cushion layer 6 is arranged along the line direction, and the length of the track slab can be configured according to the laying length so as to meet the length requirement.
The invention is well implemented in accordance with the above-described embodiments. It should be noted that, based on the above design principle, even if some insubstantial modifications or tints are made based on the disclosure of the present invention, the spirit of the adopted technical solution is the same as the present invention, and therefore, the technical solution is also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an elasticity prefabricated assembly plate type has tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track which characterized in that, top-down includes:
the track panel structure comprises a steel rail (1) and a fastener (2);
the prefabricated elastic assembly type track plate is formed by assembling a frame plate (4) at the periphery, a cover plate (5) in the middle and an elastic cushion layer (6);
a ballast track bed structure layer (7);
elastic cushion layer (6) set up on there being tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. railway roadbed structural layer (7), frame plate (4) are in enclose synthetic closed space on elastic cushion layer (6), apron (5) set up in this closed space, and rail (1) are fixed on frame plate (4) through fastener (2).
2. The elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to claim 1, wherein a rail bearing platform (3) is arranged on the prefabricated elastic assembly type track plate, and the steel rail (1) is fixed on the rail bearing platform (3) through a fastener (2).
3. The elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elastic cushion layer is made of a rubber material or other high polymer materials.
4. The elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the prefabricated elastic assembly plate type track is wrapped and limited by a ballast bed structure layer (7) below to ensure the stability of the track structure.
5. The elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frame plate (4) is of a prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a non-prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a structure made of other materials; the cover plate (5) is of a non-prestressed reinforced concrete structure or a structure made of other materials.
6. The elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the prefabricated elastic assembly plate type track is 1-5 m.
7. The elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frame plate (4) is provided with a limiting bulge at the periphery.
8. The construction method of the elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively prefabricating a frame plate (4) and a cover plate (5), and arranging hoisting embedded parts on the frame plate (4) and the cover plate (5);
pre-laying a ballast track structure layer (7) on a track structure laying site according to the size and the position of the design requirement;
assembling a frame plate (4) and an elastic cushion layer (6) into a whole in a prefabrication plant, wherein the assembling comprises the steps of adhering the elastic cushion layer (6) to the frame plate (4) or connecting an assembly part embedded in the frame plate (4) with the elastic cushion layer (6), and accurately hoisting the whole on a ballast track bed structure layer (7);
fixing the steel rail (1) on the frame plate (4) through a fastener (2);
the ballast bed structure layer (7) is lifted, shifted, adjusted and tamped by a large-scale track maintenance machinery tamping car according to design requirements, so that the geometric position and the laying tolerance of the steel rail (1) meet the design requirements;
after the steel rail (1) is adjusted, the cover plate (5) is hoisted into the enclosed space of the frame plate (4) and fixed with the frame plate.
9. The construction method of the elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the length of each prefabricated elastic assembly type track board assembled by the frame board (4), the cover board (5) and the elastic cushion layer (6) is 1-5 m, ballast of 5-10 cm is filled between every two adjacent prefabricated elastic assembly type track boards, and the surface of the ballast is at least 5 cm lower than the top surface of the frame board.
10. The method for adjusting the elastic prefabricated assembly plate type ballast track after the foundation is greatly deformed according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, adjusting a fastener (2), adjusting the vertical height of the steel rail (1) by increasing or reducing a fastener height-adjusting gasket, and adjusting the transverse offset of the steel rail (1) by replacing a fastener track gauge block or a track gauge baffle;
if the adjustment range of the fastener (2) cannot meet the requirements, the cover plate (5) can be taken down and then vertically and transversely adjusted and tamped by a ballast bed structure layer (7) through a large-scale road maintenance machinery tamping car, so that the steel rail (1) is quickly restored to the designed position;
the large deformation comprises arching, settlement, transverse dislocation or transverse deviation of the lower foundation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911281388.6A CN110939017A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Elastic prefabricated assembling plate type ballast track |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911281388.6A CN110939017A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Elastic prefabricated assembling plate type ballast track |
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| CN110939017A true CN110939017A (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911281388.6A Pending CN110939017A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Elastic prefabricated assembling plate type ballast track |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111523243A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 | Intelligent maintenance analysis system for ballast track bed |
| CN112211037A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-12 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Ballast track with adjustable rigid foundation and sleeper thereof |
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| DE10133246A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-23 | Walter Heilit Verkehrswegebau | Conversion of ballasted trackbed to solid roadbed starts by removing rails and ballast used for concrete aggregate once crushed to size for concrete plate laid on bearing layer to complete solid roadbed. |
| US20140203094A1 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-07-24 | Railway Engineering Research Institute of China Academy of Railway Sciences | Ballastless track system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111523243A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 | Intelligent maintenance analysis system for ballast track bed |
| CN111523243B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-08-25 | 中国国家铁路集团有限公司 | Intelligent maintenance analysis system for ballast bed |
| CN112211037A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-12 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Ballast track with adjustable rigid foundation and sleeper thereof |
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