CN102517054A - Device and method for continuous pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry biomass and fractional collection and purification of product - Google Patents
Device and method for continuous pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry biomass and fractional collection and purification of product Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for continuous pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry biomass and fractional collection and purification of a product. The device comprises a hoister, a hopper, a discharger, a work bin, a driving motor, a pyrolysis pipe, a spiral feeder, a spring conveyer, a combustion furnace, a charcoal box, a primary condensate collector, a secondary condensate collector, a spray purifier, a partition water remover, a filler purifier and the like. The method comprises the following process flows of: feeding the biomass into the pyrolysis pipe through the hopper, performing delivery and pyrolytic charring reaction in the pyrolysis pipe, collecting pyrolytic semi-coke by using the charcoal box, performing two-stage condensation on the pyrolytic volatile substance to obtain tar and wood vinegar, and pumping out the purified un-condensed gas product by a Roots blower, wherein a part of gas product enters the combustion furnace and is burnt to provide a heat source for the pyrolysis reaction, the generated high-temperature flue gas is used as a drying medium for the biomass raw material, and the rest gas product is collected. The device and the method can realize continuous and stable pyrolysis of the biomass; and the pyrolytic volatile substance is treated by two-stage condensation devices, so that primary separation of the wood vinegar and the tar is realized for use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural-forestry biomass field, particularly a kind of agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections refining plant and method.
Background technology
The agricultural-forestry biomass resource reserve is abundant, has renewable and the low advantage of pollutant emission.The biomass pyrolytic technology is a kind of technology type of realizing that biomass efficient utilizes, can be semicoke, combustible gas and product liquid with Wood Adhesives from Biomass.According to heating rate and reaction times, the biomass pyrolytic technology is divided into pyrolysis at a slow speed and fast pyrogenation.The heat transfer reaction of fast pyrogenation is fast, can increase " pyrolysis oil " productive rate of liquid product, but fast pyrogenation is had relatively high expectations to raw material granularity.The pyrolytic reaction conditions is gentle at a slow speed, and is easy to realize and control, and is less demanding to raw materials size; Pyrolysis product is semicoke, bio oil and pyrolysis gas, and distribution can be regulated according to reaction conditions, and pyrolysis char can be used as fuel, fertilizer or is processed as gac; Pyrolysis gas is middle calorific value gas; Can be used for civilian or generating, bio oil contains materials such as multiple acid, alcohol, phenol, can be used as industrial chemicals.Pyrolytic technique mainly contains several types such as fixed bed, moving-bed and rotary kiln at a slow speed at present.The fixed-bed pyrolysis technology belongs to intermittently (in batches) formula production; Raw material will experience intensification, charing insulation, cooling, discharging several stages production cycle of completion in reaction kettle; To carry out the gentle cooling of adding of stove during operation repeatedly; And because each position temperature is uneven in the stove, the product homogeneity is also poor.The technical characterstic of moving bed pyrolysis stove is from low to high along the certain space position distribution in the reaction in furnace temperature; Material constantly moves from the cold zone to the high-temperature zone and accomplishes pyrolysis; Its product homogeneity is high; The mode of production is a successive, and this key problem in technology mainly is the problem that moves continuously that solves material in the stove, and domestic the most frequently used solution is to rely on gravity to realize that material moves down continuously; Because biomass density is lower, in reactor drum, be prone to " bridges formation " and problem such as take place to overdo in obstruction or part.Rotary kiln pyrogenation technology and apparatus structure are complicated, and space reactor is bigger, and the pyrolysis gas residence time is longer, and is difficult to realize good sealing property.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art, a kind of reaction conditions gentleness, reaction times weak point, constant product quality are provided, can carry out quantity-produced agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections refining plant.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections purifying method that adopts above-mentioned refining plant.
The object of the invention is realized through following technical proposals:
A kind of agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections refining plant comprise hopper 2, thermal decomposition tube 9, charcoal case 17, one-level condensation and collection device 16 and B-grade condensation scoop 15; The discharge port of lift 1 places the top of hopper 2, and the below of hopper 2 is provided with dumper 3, and the below of dumper 3 is provided with hopper 4; The below of hopper 4 is provided with thermal decomposition tube 9; There are feeding screw 6 and spring handling machinery 7 in the inside of thermal decomposition tube 9; Feeding screw 6 is positioned at the below of hopper 4; One end of feeding screw 6 is connected with the drive-motor 5 that are positioned at thermal decomposition tube 9 outsides, and the other end of feeding screw 6 is connected with an end of spring handling machinery 7, and the other end of spring handling machinery 7 is a free end; Thermal decomposition tube 9 passes roasting kiln 8 and is connected with charcoal case 17; The top of charcoal case 17 is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet, and begins to be connected with one-level condensation and collection device 16, B-grade condensation scoop 15, spray eliminator 14, dividing plate water eliminator 13, filler cleaner 12 and roots blower 11 in turn through pipeline from pyrolysis gas outlet; The outlet of roots blower 11 is connected with roasting kiln 8, gas trap 10 through two-port valve; The top of roasting kiln 8 is provided with smoke outlet and is connected with moisture eliminator 18.
A kind of agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections purifying method comprise the steps:
(1) biomass material is transported in the hopper by lift, under the dumper effect, gets into hopper, carries in thermal decomposition tube through feeding screw and spring handling machinery successively then, and accomplishing pyrolysis and charing in the moving process continuously, obtains pyrolysis product;
(2) pyrolysis product gets into the charcoal case through thermal decomposition tube; Pyrolysis char in the pyrolysis product is deposited on charcoal case bottom; Pyrolysis devolatilization thing in the pyrolysis product is being discharged by the pyrolysis gas outlet above the charcoal case under the effect of roots blower; And pass through one-level condensation and collection device and B-grade condensation scoop successively, collect and obtain isolating tar and wood vinegar product; Uncooled gaseous product obtains clean pyrolysis gas through spray eliminator, dividing plate water eliminator, filler cleaner after handling again; Pyrolysis gas is extracted out by roots blower; The pyrolysis gas of a part gets in the roasting kiln and flashes back for pyrolytic reaction provides thermal source, and remaining pyrolysis gas is collected; The gas that roasting kiln is discharged gets into moisture eliminator through the smoke outlet of roasting kiln top.
Said one-level condensation and collection device is a tubular(surface)condenser, and working temperature is 105 ℃-200 ℃, is used to collect tar; Said secondary condenser is a tubular(surface)condenser, and working temperature is lower than 50 ℃, is used to collect wood vinegar.
Behind the smoke outlet entering moisture eliminator of the gas that said roasting kiln is discharged through the roasting kiln top, can be used as drying medium with the biomass material drying, dried raw material is sent into lift.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
(1) the present invention can realize that biomass are continuous, stablize pyrolysis, and the pyrolysis devolatilization thing has been realized the initial gross separation of wood vinegar and tar through the condensed in two stages apparatus processes, is convenient to utilize.
(2) pyrolysis reactor of the present invention is to be in tilted layout and helps mass transport, and material is carried by feeding screw earlier in the reactor drum, again by the spring conveyor, and accomplishes pyrolysis and charing in the moving process continuously.
(3) pyrolysis gas of the present invention flashes back and keeps pyrolysis stable reaction operation, and the high-temperature flue gas that produces in the roasting kiln is used for the drying of biomass as drying medium, and dried biomass are carried out pyrolysis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of biomass continuous pyrolysis of the present invention and product Fractional Collections refining plant;
Wherein, 1, lift; 2, hopper; 3, dumper; 4, hopper; 5, drive-motor; 6, feeding screw; 7, spring handling machinery; 8, roasting kiln; 9, thermal decomposition tube; 10, gas trap; 11, roots blower; 12, filler cleaner; 13, dividing plate water eliminator; 14, spray eliminator; 15, B-grade condensation scoop; 16, one-level condensation and collection device; 17, charcoal case; 18, moisture eliminator.
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of biomass continuous pyrolysis of the present invention and product Fractional Collections purifying method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections refining plant comprise hopper 2, thermal decomposition tube 9, charcoal case 17, one-level condensation and collection device 16 and B-grade condensation scoop 15.Lift 1 can arrange that the discharge port of lift 1 places the top of hopper 2 according to actual field ground situation, and the below of hopper 2 is provided with dumper 3, and the below of dumper 3 is provided with hopper 4.Dumper is star-like dumper, is connected with hopper with hopper through flange, can prevent the air admission pyrolysis reactor, guarantees that system sealing is good.
The below of hopper 4 is provided with thermal decomposition tube 9, and thermal decomposition tube 9 is 0～10 ° and is in tilted layout, and the feeding side of thermal decomposition tube 9 is higher than exit side.There are feeding screw 6 and spring handling machinery 7 in the inside of thermal decomposition tube 9; Feeding screw 6 is positioned at the below of hopper 4; One end of feeding screw 6 is connected with the drive-motor 5 that are positioned at thermal decomposition tube 9 outsides, and the other end of feeding screw 6 is connected with an end of spring handling machinery 7, and the other end of spring handling machinery 7 is a free end; Spring handling machinery 7 is a flexible structure, has avoided the rigid interference of transfer mechanism and thermal decomposition tube.
Agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections purifying method; Comprise the steps: that biomass material is transported in the hopper by lift; Under the dumper effect, get into the sealing hopper; Carry in thermal decomposition tube through feeding screw and spring handling machinery successively then, and, obtain pyrolysis product accomplishing pyrolysis and charing in the moving process continuously; Pyrolysis product gets into the charcoal case through thermal decomposition tube; Pyrolysis char in the pyrolysis product is deposited on charcoal case bottom, and the pyrolysis devolatilization thing in the pyrolysis product is being discharged by the pyrolysis gas outlet above the charcoal case under the effect of roots blower, and receives extend protection device and B-grade condensation scoop through the one-level condensation successively; Collection obtains isolating tar and wood vinegar product; Wherein one-level condensation and collection device is a tubular(surface)condenser, and working temperature is 105 ℃-200 ℃, is used to collect tar; Said secondary condenser is a tubular(surface)condenser, and working temperature is lower than 50 ℃, is used to collect wood vinegar.Uncooled gaseous product obtains clean pyrolysis gas through spray eliminator, dividing plate water eliminator, filler cleaner after handling again; Pyrolysis gas is extracted out by roots blower; The pyrolysis gas of a part gets in the roasting kiln and flashes back for pyrolytic reaction provides thermal source, and remaining pyrolysis gas is collected; The flue gas that roasting kiln is discharged gets into moisture eliminator through the smoke outlet of roasting kiln top, and as drying medium that biomass material is dry, and dried raw material is sent into lift, carries out pyrolysis processing according to above-mentioned technology again.Keeping the amount of the required pyrolysis gas that flashes back of pyrolysis stable reaction operation can regulate according to temperature distribution in the roasting kiln; The high-temperature flue gas that produces can be used as the drying medium of roller dryer, pneumatic drier or other relevant drying plants, is used for the drying of biomass material.
Claims (4)
1. agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections refining plant is characterized in that: comprise hopper, thermal decomposition tube, charcoal case, one-level condensation and collection device and B-grade condensation scoop; The discharge port of lift places the top of hopper, and the below of hopper is provided with dumper, and the below of dumper is provided with hopper; The below of hopper is provided with thermal decomposition tube; There are feeding screw and spring handling machinery in the inside of thermal decomposition tube; Feeding screw is positioned at the below of hopper; One end of the feeding screw drive-motor outside with being positioned at thermal decomposition tube is connected, and the other end of feeding screw is connected with an end of spring handling machinery, and the other end of spring handling machinery is a free end; Thermal decomposition tube passes roasting kiln and is connected with the charcoal case; The top of charcoal case is provided with pyrolysis gas outlet, and begins to be connected with one-level condensation and collection device, B-grade condensation scoop, spray eliminator, dividing plate water eliminator, filler cleaner and roots blower in turn through pipeline from pyrolysis gas outlet; The outlet of roots blower is connected with Fuel Furnace, gas trap through two-port valve; The top of roasting kiln is provided with smoke outlet and is connected with moisture eliminator.
2. agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis according to claim 1 and product Fractional Collections refining plant is characterized in that: said thermal decomposition tube is 0～10 ° and is in tilted layout, and the feeding side of thermal decomposition tube is higher than exit side.
3. agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis and product Fractional Collections purifying method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) biomass material is transported in the hopper by lift, under the dumper effect, gets into hopper, carries in thermal decomposition tube through feeding screw and spring handling machinery successively then, and accomplishing pyrolysis and charing in the moving process continuously, obtains pyrolysis product;
(2) pyrolysis product gets into the charcoal case through thermal decomposition tube; Pyrolysis char in the pyrolysis product is deposited on charcoal case bottom; Pyrolysis devolatilization thing in the pyrolysis product is being discharged by the pyrolysis gas outlet above the charcoal case under the effect of roots blower; And pass through one-level condensation and collection device and B-grade condensation scoop successively, collect and obtain isolating tar and wood vinegar product; Uncooled gaseous product obtains clean pyrolysis gas through spray eliminator, dividing plate water eliminator, filler cleaner after handling again; Pyrolysis gas is extracted out by roots blower; The pyrolysis gas of a part gets in the roasting kiln and flashes back for pyrolytic reaction provides thermal source, and remaining pyrolysis gas is collected; The gas that roasting kiln is discharged gets into moisture eliminator through the smoke outlet of roasting kiln top.
4. agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis according to claim 3 and product Fractional Collections purifying method is characterized in that: said one-level condensation and collection device is a tubular(surface)condenser, and working temperature is 105 ℃-200 ℃, is used to collect tar; Said secondary condenser is a tubular(surface)condenser, and working temperature is lower than 50 ℃, is used to collect wood vinegar.
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103115486A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-22 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Rotary kiln material feeding device and rotary kiln material feeding method |
| CN103992805A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 图们市龙泉农工贸有限公司 | Production equipment and production method for charcoal, tar, wood vinegar and charcoal gas |
| CN104830356A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-08-12 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Internal-external combined-heating-type biomass pyrolysis carbonization apparatus |
| CN106753485A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-05-31 | 华中农业大学 | Ablation energy prepares the device and method of charcoal, oil and combustion gas with nutrient element |
| CN107805511A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-16 | 葛永昌 | Organic solid waste continuous carbonization pyrolysis charring method for innocent treatment |
| CN107937041A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 浙江天禄环境科技有限公司 | One kind gasification reduction dust-laden high-temperature oil gas dedusting cooling, refining separator |
| CN108034443A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-15 | 广西贺州匠心科技有限责任公司 | A kind of biomass sources distillation system |
| CN106247376B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-10-23 | 安徽金骏机械制造有限公司 | Biomass fuel boiler bidirectional rotation apparatus for feeding |
| CN108758638A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-11-06 | 清华大学 | A kind of air classification regulation and control pyrolysis and combustion all-in-one oven |
| CN109161563A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of technical method that antibiotic bacterium Slag treatment utilizes |
| CN109181734A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of bamboo vinegar fractional condensaion collection method |
| CN109609158A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-04-12 | 西北民族大学 | A kind of technique of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass reaction |
| CN110184080A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of fused salt is pyrolyzed biogas residue and prepares the technique and device of phenol compound |
| CN110240919A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-17 | 洛阳佳易新能源技术有限公司 | A kind of stalk progressive solution extracts wood vinegar device and production technology |
| CN111849525A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Method for co-producing coke and levoglucosenone by pyrolyzing biomass |
| CN111905514A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-10 | 宁夏尼西活性炭有限公司 | Tail gas purification device for activated carbon small-scale carbonization furnace |
| CN115261043A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 山东建筑大学 | A processing system for saw-dust discarded object resourceization |
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103115486A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-22 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Rotary kiln material feeding device and rotary kiln material feeding method |
| CN103115486B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-06-17 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Rotary kiln material feeding device and rotary kiln material feeding method |
| CN103992805A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 图们市龙泉农工贸有限公司 | Production equipment and production method for charcoal, tar, wood vinegar and charcoal gas |
| CN104830356A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-08-12 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Internal-external combined-heating-type biomass pyrolysis carbonization apparatus |
| CN106247376B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-10-23 | 安徽金骏机械制造有限公司 | Biomass fuel boiler bidirectional rotation apparatus for feeding |
| CN106753485A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-05-31 | 华中农业大学 | Ablation energy prepares the device and method of charcoal, oil and combustion gas with nutrient element |
| CN107805511A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-16 | 葛永昌 | Organic solid waste continuous carbonization pyrolysis charring method for innocent treatment |
| CN107937041A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-20 | 浙江天禄环境科技有限公司 | One kind gasification reduction dust-laden high-temperature oil gas dedusting cooling, refining separator |
| CN108034443A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-15 | 广西贺州匠心科技有限责任公司 | A kind of biomass sources distillation system |
| CN108758638B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2020-04-17 | 清华大学 | Air-classified regulation and control pyrolysis and combustion integrated furnace |
| CN108758638A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-11-06 | 清华大学 | A kind of air classification regulation and control pyrolysis and combustion all-in-one oven |
| CN109161563A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2019-01-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of technical method that antibiotic bacterium Slag treatment utilizes |
| CN109181734A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-11 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of bamboo vinegar fractional condensaion collection method |
| CN109609158A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-04-12 | 西北民族大学 | A kind of technique of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass reaction |
| CN111905514A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-10 | 宁夏尼西活性炭有限公司 | Tail gas purification device for activated carbon small-scale carbonization furnace |
| CN110184080A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of fused salt is pyrolyzed biogas residue and prepares the technique and device of phenol compound |
| CN110184080B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2024-05-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Process and device for pyrolyzing biogas residues and preparing phenol compounds by using molten salt |
| CN110240919A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-17 | 洛阳佳易新能源技术有限公司 | A kind of stalk progressive solution extracts wood vinegar device and production technology |
| CN111849525A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Method for co-producing coke and levoglucosenone by pyrolyzing biomass |
| CN111849525B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-03-12 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Method for co-producing coke and levoglucosenone by pyrolyzing biomass |
| CN115261043A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 山东建筑大学 | A processing system for saw-dust discarded object resourceization |
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