CN102508303B - Advanced detection method for focusing chromatography induced polarization of underground engineering - Google Patents
Advanced detection method for focusing chromatography induced polarization of underground engineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an advanced detection method for focusing chromatography induced polarization of underground engineering. The advanced detection method comprises the following steps of: arranging a circle of shield electrodes A1 on a contour line of an operating surface of the underground engineering by utilizing a focusing operating manner and arranging a plurality of parallel measuring lines on parts with different heights from a base plate to a top plate firstly, wherein the measuring lines are provided with power supply electrodes and receiving electrodes, and the base plate is also provided with power supply electrodes and receiving electrodes; acquiring data layer by layer by utilizing a chromatography method; carrying out inversion on measuring line potential difference data obtained through measurement to obtain a three-dimensional resistivity image of a geologic body in the front of the operating surface; drawing a relation coordinate graph of difference data and horizontal distances of half time by using the half time obtained through measurement, calculating an envelope area St of half time difference and abscissa axis, and drawing a two-dimensional profile map of the envelope area St to realize estimation of the quantity of water in the front of the operating surface. The advanced detection method for the focusing chromatography induced polarization of the underground engineering, disclosed by the invention, has excellent advanced detection directivity, realizes three-dimensional location of an aquifer and solves problem of incapability of location in a traditional focusing electric method during single-point measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to unfavorable geology geology forward probe method in the underground engineering construction processes such as a kind of tunnel or tunnel.
Background technology
At present, China has become in the world the underground works such as tunnel and has built largestly, builds difficulty the highest country.The geologic hazard that the underground engineering construction phase takes place frequently becomes the huge challenge that underground engineering construction faces, and gushing water, prominent mud disaster are all occuping the prostatitis aspect frequency and death toll.Significant to gushing water water burst disaster source enforcement advanced prediction in underground engineering construction.For moisture architectonic forward probe, main task is divided into two: 1. need verify the features such as position, scale or even form of water-bearing structure, namely need to realize the three-dimensional imaging of water-bearing structure; 2. need predict the water yield in water-bearing structure, this is the key factor of formulating prominent water burst prophylactico-therapeutic measures the constructing tunnel phase and estimating tunnel safety.
Induced polarization method is to survey the electrical prospecting method of geological condition according to the effect of induced polarization of rock, and present induced polarization method forecasting procedure can be divided into three electrode method non-focusing type and single-point focus type.Wherein, near the side that three electrode method non-focusing type forward probe method can't shield survey line disturbs (as low-resistance water content, hardware etc.) extremely, than the useful information that is difficult to go out from the background interference extracting data development end the place ahead under complex environment, easily cause forecast precision to reduce even wrong report, this problem not can solve always, has seriously restricted the development of three electrode method non-focusing type electrical method class forecasting technique.Ruan Baiyao etc. have proposed a kind of tunnel focus DC resistivity method forward probe method, and BEAM (the Bore-Tunneling Electrical Ahead Monitoring) technology of Germany's research and development is unique a kind of focusing class induced polarization methods for the moisture situation detection in the place ahead, tunnel.
Patent CN1904644A discloses a kind of tunnel real-time continuous advanced prediction method and device of networking, step is as follows: (1) according to the site operation concrete condition, adopts outside the tunnel, the metalwork at tunnel inner wall or workplace scene arranges respectively infinite distance potential electrode B, guarded electrode A
1With central electrode A
0, and be connected with on-the-spot main frame with cable; (2) on-the-spot main frame is by guarded electrode A
1With central electrode A
0The loop that forms from infinite distance potential electrode B receives the electric signal of central electrode simultaneously with the pulse current of time domain or the different voltage same polarities of frequency field mode of operation synchronized transmissions, and treated and A/D is converted to digital signal, is input to host Central Processing Unit (CPU); (3) on-the-spot host Central Processing Unit (CPU) is calculated the apparent resistivity of detection of a target body and is looked the induced polarization rate; (4) compare according to the apparent resistivity that calculates in step (3) and the numerical range of looking the apparent resistivity of induced polarization rate and the plurality of target body that presets and looking the induced polarization rate, identify objective body object and visualization display and warning with apparent resistivity and the scope zone of looking the induced polarization rate falls into jointly.
But still there is following problem in present focusing class electrical method: 1. present existing focusing class electrical survey (-ing) method has all been used for reference the thinking of oil well logging, belong to the single-point focus type, single potential electrode namely only is set on test surface, does not adopt chromatography to survey, can't obtain the three-dimensional information of geologic body; 2. utilize the curve of each measurement result and tunnel mileage to infer the moisture situation in development end the place ahead, detection range is less, focuses at present class electrical survey (-ing) technology and not yet enters the practical stage.3. present electrical method class forecasting procedure all can not realize the estimation to the water content water yield, has become technical barrier of domestic and international Tunnel Engineering circle based on the estimation of the water yield of geophysical exploration technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of advanced detection method for focusing chromatography induced polarization of underground engineering is provided, and the method is to the three-dimensional imaging of workplace front geological condition chromatography, estimation gushing water, prominent mud disaster source water yield, and do not need continuity to survey, efficient is high.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Advanced detection method for focusing chromatography induced polarization of underground engineering: at first adopt the working method that focuses on, arrange a circle guarded electrode A on underground works workplace outline line
1, arrange many parallel surveys line at the distance base plate to the differing heights at top, establish electrodes of A on survey line
0With receiving electrode M
1, M
2, also be provided with transmitting electrode B and receiving electrode N on base plate; Then the method that adopts chromatography is image data successively, with electrodes of A
0With guarded electrode A
1Feed electric current in the same way, test respectively survey line receiving electrode M
1With the electric potential difference of base plate receiving electrode N and partly decline time and the survey line receiving electrode M under the different electric currents of change size of current test
1With the electric potential difference of base plate receiving electrode N with when partly declining; Carry out inverting with the survey line electric potential difference data that record, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; With record partly decline the time draw the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, calculate difference when partly declining and the envelope size S of abscissa axis
t, draw out envelope size S
tTwo-dimensional cross section, realize the estimation of workplace the place ahead water yield.
Described advanced detection method for focusing chromatography induced polarization of underground engineering preferably includes following steps:
(1) adopt the working method that focuses on, at first arrange a circle equally spaced (preferred 4-8) guarded electrode A on (tunnel etc.) underground works workplace outline line
1, at distance base plate 1/3H, two parallel survey line L of 2/3H height placement
1, L
2, every arrangement of measuring-line electrode number N
1=N
2=15, the distance between adjacent two electrodes is d, and wherein H is that vault is apart from the height of base plate; Electrodes of A
0With receiving electrode M
1, M
2Be placed in survey line L
1, L
2(receiving electrode M
1, M
2The position adjustable and corresponding with the electrode position arranged on survey line, be in order to guarantee M
1M
2Between electric potential difference etc. zero, guarantee focusing effect, measure simultaneously the electric potential difference between M1 and N), another transmitting electrode B utmost point is placed on the base plate of workplace rear apart from workplace 100-150m, receiving electrode N is placed on base plate;
(2) method that adopts chromatography is image data successively,
1. survey line L
1Electrodes of A
0Feed positive current I
0, transmitting electrode B feeds negative current-I
0, guarded electrode A
1Feed and electrodes of A
0Positive current in the same way keeps electrodes of A
0With potential electrode M
1, M
2Spacing A
0M
1=M
1M
2=nd, wherein d is the distance between adjacent two electrodes, n is natural number and 1≤n≤7, mobile M
1, M
2The other end from survey line one end to survey line; M
1, M
2Often satisfy A
0M
1=M
1M
2=nd moves once, electrode A
0, M
1And M
2Every measurement 1 time is regulated supply current and is made M
1M
2Between electric potential difference U
M1M2=0, and record M
1Electric potential difference U1 between N
M1NT when partly declining;
2. survey line L
2Repeat sequence L
1Measuring process 1.;
3. electrode A
0Feed positive current 2I
0, electrode B feeds negative current-I
0, repeating step 1., 2.;
(3) carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, adopt the processing such as least square inverting iteration based on Smoothing Constraint, with the survey line L that records in step (2)
1, L
2Electric potential difference data U1
M1NCarry out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; Concrete steps are as follows:
3 D resistivity inversion equation with Smoothing Constraint.
(A
TA+λC
TC)Δm＝A
TΔd (1)
m
(k+1)＝m
(k)+Δm (2)
In formula, Δ d is the difference of observation data, and A is partial derivative matrix, and Δ m is the model parameter correction of grid, and C is the smoothness matrix, and λ is Lagrangian constant, has determined the weight of Smoothing Constraint, m
(k)Be the k time model parameter vector in iteration, m
(k+1)Be the model parameter vector in inverting iteration next time.
When carrying out inversion imaging (prior art), at first setting model parameter initial value, just drilling calculating, and the observation data of the theory of computation compares judgement with the data of measuring, if variance less than setting value, output model parameter; Otherwise, calculate partial derivative matrix A, the smoothness Matrix C utilizes equation (2) can obtain model parameter increment in each inverting iteration, thereby tries to achieve the model parameter m in next iteration
(k+1), until the variance of the theoretical observation data of just drilling and measurement data is less than setting value (different according to the precision of inverting that the user requires, setting value is different, and inversion accuracy is high, and setting value is less, otherwise setting value is larger), output model parameter.Thereby inverting obtains the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realizes the three-dimensional localization of water content;
(4) adopt when partly declining data to carry out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate, with record in step (2) partly decline the time T data, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point positions data do poor, and draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, calculate difference when partly declining and the envelope size S of abscissa axis
t, and envelope size S
tWith the linear positive correlation of big or small V of the water yield, be the response of the water yield on the occasion of part, by the size on the occasion of the area estimation water yield of part, nearlyer one go on foot vertical direction take the horizontal direction of workplace as X-axis, workplace as Y-axis, draws out envelope size S
tTwo-dimensional cross section, realize the estimation of workplace the place ahead water yield.
The present invention focuses on induced polarization method, adopts the guarded electrode A that is arranged in the workplace outline line
1, make survey line L
1, L
2Upper electrodes of A
0Electric current be subject to electric field extruding and flow into to workplace the place ahead, strengthened the directive property of electric current and improved investigation depth, solved the poor problem of classic method directive property; The chromatography induced polarization method, adopt a plurality of parallel surveys line to obtain a large amount of data, many survey line data are carried out inverting, realized the three-dimensionalreconstruction of workplace front geological body electrical structure, the three-dimensional localization of realization to underground engineering gushing water, prominent mud disaster source solved the spot measurement of traditional focus class methods and a difficult problem that can't three-dimensional localization; Gushing water, prominent mud disaster source instream flow estimate, the difference when partly declining and the positive correlation of coordinate axis envelope size and the water-bearing structure water yield, thus realize estimation to underground engineering gushing water, the mud disaster of the dashing forward source water yield.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention proposes the advanced prediction method in a kind of underground works gushing water based on the focused resistivity imaging, prominent mud disaster source, by at workplace outline line arranging shielding electrode, arrange two parallel surveys line in shielding area, employing is based on the least square inversion method of Smoothing Constraint, realized the three-dimensionalreconstruction of workplace front geological body electrical structure, especially realize the instream flow estimate of water-bearing structure, had following characteristic:
1. adopt the focusing-detection pattern, had good forward probe directive property, solved the difficult problem of previous methods side serious interference;
2. the method that chromatographic focusing is surveyed has been proposed, can obtain the mass data of tunnel front geological information, and obtain the 3 D resistivity distribution in workplace the place ahead by Inversion Calculation, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content, solved and focused on the spot measurement of class electrical method, the difficult problem that can't locate in the past;
3. the difference data in the time of can obtaining induced polarization and partly decline has been drawn difference when partly declining and the two dimensional cross-section of coordinate axis envelope size, has realized the instream flow estimate of water-bearing structure, has solved the crucial difficult problem of water content water yield prediction in the underground engineering construction;
4. need not follow the excavation continuous probe of workplace, improve efficient, save the advanced prediction cost, improve operating efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is detection method process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a is the planimetric map of measurement mechanism of the present invention,
Fig. 2 b is the elevation drawing of measurement mechanism of the present invention,
Fig. 2 c is observed pattern schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is inversion method flow process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is focused resistivity 3-d inversion image of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the difference data figure of the present invention when partly declining.
Fig. 6 be the present invention when partly declining difference and the two-dimensional cross section of coordinate axis envelope size.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
In detection method of the present invention such as Fig. 1, flow process comprises: focus on working method and lay, the chromatography image data, the flow processs such as 3-d inversion location and instream flow estimate, has good forward probe directive property, realize at last the poorly three-dimensional localization of plastid and the estimation of the water yield such as water-bearing structure, solved and focused on the spot measurement of class electrical method in the past, the difficult problem that can't locate.
Embodiment 1:
Take certain tunnel as example, tunnel cross-section is arch, and the high 10m of span 12m water burst occurs near mileage YK123+672, and may there be water-bearing structure in the place ahead.In order to verify the geological condition in the place ahead, for construction provides foundation and guidance, adopt the chromatographic focusing induced polarization method to carry out forward probe.
(1) the specific works mode is as shown in Fig. 2 a, b, c.Arrange equally spaced 8 the guarded electrode A of circle on the tunnel tunnel face outline line
1, at distance tunnel floor 2m, two parallel survey line L of 6m height placement
1, L
2, every arrangement of measuring-line electrode number N
1=N
2=15; Electrodes of A
0With receiving electrode M
1, M
2Be placed in survey line L
1, L
2, another transmitting electrode B utmost point is placed on the base plate of 150m, and receiving electrode N is placed on the base plate of 120m;
The idiographic flow of image data is: survey line L
1Electrodes of A
0Feed positive current 0.1A, transmitting electrode B is negative pole, guarded electrode A
1Feed positive current 0.1A, keep electrodes of A
0With potential electrode M
1, M
2Spacing A
0M
1=M
1M
2=nd, M
1, M
2Successively from survey line L
1One end moves to the other end of survey line, and wherein d is the distance between adjacent two electrodes, and n is natural number and 1≤n≤7; Electrode A
0, M
1And M
2Every measurement 1 time is regulated supply current and is made M
1M
2Between electric potential difference U
M1M2=0, and record M
1Electric potential difference U1 between N
M1NT when partly declining; Measure survey line L according to above method
2, then adjust electrode A
0Feed positive current 0.2A, repeat above surveying work.
(2) the electric potential difference data that gather are carried out inversion imaging and explain, as shown in Figure 3, adopt the processing such as least square inverting iteration based on Smoothing Constraint, with survey line L
1, L
2The electric potential difference data carry out inverting, the inverting objective function is seen formula 3;
Φ＝(Δd-AΔm)
T(Δd-AΔm)+λ(CΔm)
T(CΔm) (3)
In formula, Φ is the inverting objective function, and Δ d is the difference of observation data, and A is partial derivative matrix, and Δ m is the model parameter correction of grid, and C is the smoothness matrix, and λ is Lagrangian constant, has determined the weight of Smoothing Constraint.
After formula (3) is carried out variation, can obtain equation (2), when carrying out inversion imaging, at first setting model parameter initial value, this initial value resistivity all is set to 1000 Ω .m, is just drilling calculating, the observation data of the theory of computation, compare judgement with the data of measuring, if variance is less than setting value (this example relative value 3%), output model parameter; Otherwise, calculating partial derivative matrix A, sensitivity matrix C utilizes equation (2) can obtain model parameter increment in each inverting iteration, thereby tries to achieve the model parameter m in next iteration
(k+1), until the variance of the theoretical observation data of just drilling and measurement data is less than setting value, the output model parameter.Thereby inverting obtains the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realizes the three-dimensional localization of water content.The data interpretation three-dimensional imaging result of this detection, as shown in Figure 4, there are many water guide cracks in YK123+672～YK123+652, this section country rock, YK123+652～YK123+642, this section country rock watery is stronger.
(3) carry out the estimation of the water-bearing structure water yield, adopt when partly declining data to carry out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate, with record partly decline the time T data, 0.1A, that two and half data when declining of 0.2A two primary currents when power supply identical point positions are done is poor, and draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, difference when as shown in Figure 5, calculating partly declines and the envelope size S of abscissa axis
t, and envelope size S
tWith the linear positive correlation of big or small V of the water yield, be the response of the water yield on the occasion of part, by estimate the size of the water yield on the occasion of the area of part; The nearly vertical direction of step take the horizontal direction of workplace as X-axis, workplace as Y-axis, drawn out envelope size S again
tTwo-dimensional cross section, realize the estimation of workplace the place ahead water yield, as shown in Figure 6, the water yield and Fig. 4 are comparatively identical.
Claims (1)
1. advanced detection method for focusing chromatography induced polarization of underground engineering, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) adopt the working method that focuses on, at first arrange an equally spaced guarded electrode A of circle on underground works workplace outline line
1, at distance base plate 1/3H, two parallel survey line L of 2/3H height placement
1, L
2, every arrangement of measuring-line electrode number is respectively N
1, N
2, and N
1=N
2, the distance between adjacent two electrodes is d, guarded electrode A
1Number be 4～8, N
1=N
2=15, wherein H is that vault is apart from the height of base plate; Survey line L
1, L
2On all establish electrodes of A
0With receiving electrode M
1, M
2, receiving electrode M
1, M
2The position adjustable and corresponding with the electrode position arranged on survey line, also be provided with transmitting electrode B and receiving electrode N on base plate;
(2) method that adopts chromatography is image data successively
1. survey line L
1Electrodes of A
0Feed positive current I
0, I
0Span 0.1A～0.5A, transmitting electrode B feeds negative current-I
0, guarded electrode A
1Feed and electrodes of A
0Positive current in the same way keeps electrodes of A
0With potential electrode M
1, M
2Spacing A
0M
1=M
1M
2=nd, wherein d is the distance between adjacent two electrodes, n is natural number and 1≤n≤7, mobile M
1, M
2The other end from survey line one end to survey line; M
1, M
2Often satisfy A
0M
1=M
1M
2=nd moves once, electrode A
0, M
1And M
2Every measurement 1 time, and the adjusting supply current makes M
1M
2Between electric potential difference U
M1M2=0, and record M
1Electric potential difference U1 between N
M1NT when partly declining;
2. survey line L
2Repeat sequence L
1Measuring process 1.;
3. electrode A
0Feed positive current 2I
0, electrode B feeds negative current-I
0, repeating step 1., 2.;
(3) carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, with the survey line L that records in step (2)
1, L
2Electric potential difference data U1
M1NCarry out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content;
Be specially with having the 3 D resistivity inversion equation of Smoothing Constraint:
(A
TA+λC
TC)Δm＝A
TΔd （1）
m
(k+1)＝m
(k)+Δm （2）
In formula, Δ d is the difference of observation data, and A is partial derivative matrix, and Δ m is the model parameter correction of grid, and C is the smoothness matrix, and λ is Lagrangian constant, has determined the weight of Smoothing Constraint, m
(k)Be the k time model parameter vector in iteration, m
(k+1)Be the model parameter vector in inverting iteration next time;
At first setting model parameter initial value, just drilling calculating, and the observation data of the theory of computation compares judgement with the data of measuring, if variance less than setting value, output model parameter; Otherwise, calculate partial derivative matrix A, the smoothness Matrix C utilizes equation (2) to obtain model parameter increment in each inverting iteration, thereby tries to achieve the model parameter m in next iteration
(k+1), until the variance of the theoretical observation data of just drilling and measurement data is less than setting value, the output model parameter obtains the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body with the model parameter inverting that obtains;
(4) adopt when partly declining data to carry out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate, with record in step (2) partly decline the time T data, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point positions data do poor, and draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, calculate difference when partly declining and the envelope size S of abscissa axis
t, and envelope size S
tWith the linear positive correlation of big or small V of the water yield, be the response of the water yield on the occasion of part, by the size on the occasion of the area estimation water yield of part, nearlyer one go on foot vertical direction take the horizontal direction of workplace as X-axis, workplace as Y-axis, draws out envelope size S
tTwo-dimensional cross section, realize the estimation of workplace the place ahead water yield.
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