CN102508036B - On-line remote monitoring method and device for pollution state of disk insulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-line remote monitoring method and an on-line remote monitoring device for the pollution state of a disk insulator. Pollution degree is quantitatively, conveniently and clearly displayed on line by a relative conductance method for the pollution state, so the mid-range forecast of the insulator pollution is realized, and the method and the method can also be applied to monitoring of pollution states of all external insulation of electric transmission and transformation equipment; the defect that solar energy is used as energy is avoided by taking distributed capacitance current and polluted leakage current of a transmission line as energy; the capacitance current and the polluted leakage current or the sum of the capacitance current and the polluted leakage current of a low potential end can be measured respectively; and whether the insulator is connected in series with a zero-resistance insulator or a line is electrified or grounded is judged according to the change of the capacitance current. An outdoor monitoring device is connected in series with the low potential end of the insulator by using a hanger, so measurement points of temperature and relative humidity are arranged in air current which is connected in series with the insulator, and the measurement points of temperature and relative humidity are protected by a sun shade, so the good correlation of the polluted leakage current with measure data of the temperature and relative humidity can be kept, and the implementation of the relative conductance method for the pollution state can be guaranteed on hardware.

Description

The filthy online remote monitoring method of state of disk insulator and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to Remote Monitoring Technology field, relate in particular to online remote monitoring method and the device of the filthy state of a kind of transmission line of electricity disk insulator, running status.

Background technology

High-tension electricity transmission system often will be passed through mountain area or field, and the power supply that on-Line Monitor Device or communication device need be used is often difficult to obtain, and generally all adopts solar cell to be equipped with accumulation of energy accumulator as the energy again.Its shortcoming is: use sun-generated electric power will consider that can not provide sun power evening; The sun power that the continuous cloudy day provides significantly reduces; The situations such as solar cell is subject to that the pollution efficiency of environment is faded.So, the installation area of solar panel, the installed capacity of accumulator, the capacity that require much larger than the average power of metering circuit and information transmission.Cause installation weight weight, volume is large, also on the steel tower of power transmission line, separately add platform monitoring device is installed, the collector ring of using with the filthy leakage current of collection on solar panels, each insulator chain by sheathed cable is connected, cable is not only long but also heavy, and be also easily disturbed aspect electric, trouble is installed, difficult in maintenance.

At present also there is a small amount of leakage current monitoring device not taking sun power as the energy, as:

1. monitoring device is to be placed on insulator hot end, by iron-core coil, directly from the high pressure current carrying conductor of hundred peaces ~ kilo-ampere level, draws energy, as the patent (patent No. CN2625909) of the applications such as Xi'an City, Shanxi Province Yin's benevolence.But because of the too close large current lead of measurement mechanism, and in noble potential, the troublesome problem such as a series of highfields, magnetic interference certainly will to be processed.

2. the filthy monitoring device as the energy of photoelectricity stroboscopic with leakage current.As disclosed " a kind of isolator leakage current photoelectric stroboscopic instrument " (patent No. CN201017018) such as plant resources in Wenling city woods Chinese ilexes; But it still needs personnel's line walking, it not telemetering device; And its reflection is filthy leakage current, due to outside the Pass filthy leakage current and the filthy order of severity have, also relevant with temperature, relative humidity.So photoelectricity stroboscopic speed can not directly reflect the filthy state of insulator, can not serve as filthy criterion.

3. the Yang Jin of Jinhua Power Industry Bureau flies to propose, utilize the leakage current of inferior insulator than the large many principles of normal leakage current, taking the leakage current of inferior insulator as drive source, when exceeding limit value within the regular hour, leakage current will move in signal by electromagnetism and mechanical effect.But they still need personnel's line walking, do not belong to telemetering device, it is inferior insulator monitoring device, is not normal insulator contamination state monitoring apparatus.It only has and could work far below normal value is later when the insulation of insulator.

Filthy leakage current size also and temperature, the relative humidity of filthy environment of living in is closely related, if judge filthy state with filthy leakage current, also need to consider temperature, relative humidity factor simultaneously.But current monitoring device, temperature, relative humidity measurement parts are generally all independently arranged on steel tower, or be attached in outdoor main frame and be arranged on steel tower, but actual temperature, the relative humidity of the convection current on the temperature of measuring on steel tower, relative humidity and insulator chain surface may not be identical, sometimes differ greatly, cause filthy leakage current and temperature, relative humidity data to lose correlativity.

Electrical outdoor device of air is subject to the impact of weather very large, and the in the situation that of direct sunlight, even the inner not heating of device, its surperficial temperature also may reach six or seven ten degrees Celsius or higher.Not only can affect the life-span of element, also can affect the accuracy of the measurement of device, especially to temperature, relative humidity sensor and those elements, parts in main frame out of doors, affect larger, if adopt fan for cooling measure will increase again energy consumption, the volume of increase to solar cell power requirement and cabinet, solar panels.

The at present online remote monitoring method of the pollution level of insulator, can divide two large classes: a class is measuring method indirectly haply.Measure the contamination being placed on insulator optical fiber nearby as utilized and indirectly measure the filth on insulator.Because optical fiber and insulator exist surface physical property and structural difference, result has difference.Another kind of is the measuring method of the filthy leakage current based on insulator, also can be divided into two classes, one class is only to judge with discharge current, it is the filthy leakage current feature in the time facing pollution flashover according to insulator, for example utilize the size of the filthy leakage current while facing pollution flashover, size, the frequency of filthy leakage current pulse when pollution flashover is faced in utilization, utilize some features of filthy leakage current waveform while facing pollution flashover etc.The shortcoming of these methods is, cannot show at ordinary times pollution level, and for example, insulator dust stratification is quite serious, but dry because of air, filthy leakage current is still little.In this contamination situation, once run into foggy weather, filthy leakage current likely increases to immediately and closes on pollution flashover or occur pollution flashover.In fact this is a kind of pollution flashover alarm instead of filthy status monitoring.It cannot guarantee the processing contamination time that provides enough, so practical application effect is restricted.Another kind of factors such as comprehensive filthy leakage current and temperature, relative humidity etc. judge, as utilize fuzzy theory to consider electric current, temperature, relative humidity factor.But fuzzy theory is good at processing two-dimensional problems conventionally, along with the increase of input dimension, fuzzy rule base and calculated amount will increase incessantly exponentially.

The measuring method of the leakage current based on insulator at present, its measured leakage current has two kinds of situations.One is only to measure filthy leakage current, and separately kind situation is to measure the synthetic quantity of filthy leakage current and insulator capacitance current.No matter measure which kind of electric current, all can not be used for judging the zero resistance insulator in insulator chain.Because except the insulator chain of an insulator has not allowed zero resistance insulator, being conducive to detection case is most two insulators.If allowed one for null value, leakage current variation is approximately one times.And the leakage current of normal insulator, conventionally zero or over one hundred microampere to several milliamperes of variations.That is be changed to rare decades of times.Normal leakage current changes in other words, may cover completely because of the caused variation of zero resistance insulator.

In the time that the relative humidity of air is very low, its leakage current is just decided by the electric capacity of insulator substantially, at this moment can judge whether to exist zero resistance insulator according to leakage current.But can only be effective at dry weather, and dry weather have, and is not everyday effective everyday, and occur that at wet weather the possibility of zero resistance insulator is larger.So can not directly judge zero resistance insulator with the variation of leakage current.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, the filthy online remote monitoring method of state of a kind of disk insulator and device are provided, it is the energy that the present invention utilizes the filthy leakage current of insulator or filthy leakage current and capacitance current, except monitoring insulator contamination degree, can also not detect zero resistance insulator, wire ground connection, wire charged etc.; So that for maintenance, the safe operation of insulator provide foundation.

The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, the online remote monitoring method of the filthy state of a kind of disk insulator,

The method judges the degree of external insulation pollution of electric transmission and transformation equipment by filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method, and detects and in insulator chain, whether have zero resistance insulator or detect the whether charged or no ground connection of power transmission line by detecting cold end insulator capacitance current.

Further, describedly judge that by filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method the degree of external insulation pollution of electric transmission and transformation equipment specifically comprises the following steps:

(1), by filthy the actual measurement of detected insulator or insulator chain leakage current or comprise the filthy leakage current of insulator capacitance current, divided by real time line voltage, be multiplied by normal voltage;

(2), by the calculated value of step (1), divided by the filthy leakage current of standard under the temperature identical, identical relative humidity, represent pollution level;

(3) each calculated value of step display (2) or this calculated value represent pollution level at the mean value of some days.

Further, describedly detect in insulator chain, whether to have zero resistance insulator or detect the whether charged or no ground connection of power transmission line and be specially by detecting cold end insulator capacitance current: the capacitance current that detects cold end insulator, in the time that capacitance current is greater than setting, judge and in insulator chain, have zero resistance insulator, or in the time that insulator capacitance current or filthy leakage current and capacitance current resultant current are zero, judge that power transmission line ground connection or power transmission line are not charged.

The online remote monitoring device of the filthy state of a kind of disk insulator for said method, it is mainly made up of indoor set and several outdoor locations that are arranged on the insulator chain of monitoring point, and indoor set is connected with outdoor location respectively by wired or wireless or its array mode; Indoor set is computing machine; Outdoor location comprises: the solid layer of sky shade member, the airway of sky shade, outdoor location cabinet, hanger, temperature relative humidity sensor, capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts and collector ring parts; Wherein, hanger is made up of the first hanger electric conductor, hanger insulator and the second hanger electric conductor.The second hanger electric conductor is connected with steel tower, and the first hanger electric conductor collects parts with capacitance current with filthy leakage current and is connected; Outdoor location cabinet is placed on hanger; The solid layer of sky shade member outside cabinet or above, temperature relative humidity sensor is placed in the below of hanger insulator, the airway of sky shade is distributed between solid layer, outdoor location cabinet and the hanger insulator of sky shade member.

Further, power supply unit current transformation and accumulator parts, insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, processor, capacitance current amplifier parts and data unit are housed in described outdoor location cabinet, wherein, power supply unit current transformation is connected with processor respectively with data unit with accumulator, insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts; Insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts, data unit, processor, be connected with accumulator with power supply unit current transformation respectively; Data unit contacts by communication and host computer, power supply unit current transformation is connected with temperature relative humidity sensor respectively with processor with accumulator parts, and power supply unit current transformation collects parts with capacitance current with filthy leakage current with accumulator parts respectively with capacitance current amplifier parts and is connected.Power supply unit can also with from solar panel or with wind-driven generator or with solar panel and wind-driven generator, composition associating power supply form.Power supply unit can be connected with other associating power supply by diode.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1, the online remote monitoring method of the filthy state of disk insulator of the present invention, running status, adopt the criterion method of a new insulator contamination degree---filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method, this method can online, quantitatively, conveniently, clearly show pollution level, can realize insulator contamination mid-range forecast, make the time of enough morning go to process contamination, avoid the pollution flashover of occurrence of large-area.Realize insulator contamination degree detecting, for repair based on condition of component provides dependence, there is very large Social benefit and economic benefit.

2, utilize the energy of transmission line of electricity capacitance current and filthy leakage current, be suitable as very much the low-tension supply of the backland device of transmission line of electricity.As long as power system transmission line exists operating voltage, this energy is forever to exist.So the installed power of power supply just equals the average power of power device substantially.Compare with solar powered, the pondage of accumulator is much smaller.So the supply unit that volume, weight and the price of device are all the energy than solar cell is superior.And this device has also effectively utilized in transmission line of electricity still unemployed dissipate energy.

3, the present invention is placed at outdoor location mechanically on the hanger with insulator chain series connection; make temperature, relative humidity measurement point be placed in the air-flow of insulator chain; and adopt sky shade protection; not only save further heavy cable; reduce the weight of device; improve accuracy of measurement; extend the life-span of device; also make filthy leakage current and temperature, relative humidity measurement data keep correlativity, for filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method provides hardware guarantee in insulator contamination degree on-line monitoring method .

4, supply unit of the present invention, sky shade, hanger, capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts etc. and can also be applied in the on-Line Monitor Device of other function of transmission line of electricity.As detected online as the filthy leakage current of insulator, insulator contamination degree detecting, insulator arc-over current detecting, the insulator contamination electric current frequency detects, insulator dielectric resistance detection, insulator Partial Discharge Detection, insulator Electric Field Distribution detects, voltage distribution of insulator detects, insulator mechanical property state-detection, near transmission line of electricity, meteorologic parameter detects, the ice coating state of transmission line of electricity detects, the vibration detection of transmission line wire, transmission line wire wave detection, the sag of transmission line wire detects, the range line of transmission line wire detects, the scissors crossing of transmission line wire is apart from detection, the temperature of transmission line wire, electric current, electric field detects, the short circuit of transmission line wire, ground connection is detected, thunder and lightning detects, insulator chain zero resistance insulator detects, iron tower of power transmission line condition monitoring, the on-line measuring device of high-tension electricity power transmission line or the power supplys of other communication device such as the detection of transmission line of electricity theftproof monitoring, support, thermal protection, capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect one of parts or part or all of.

Capacitance current and filthy leakage current can with from solar panel or wind-driven generator or solar panel and wind-driven generator, composition associating power supply form.

5, can measure respectively filthy leakage current, insulator capacitance current or their composite values.For measuring other functions outside filthy leakage current, on hardware, give security.There is ground connection as reflected that whether circuit is charged or no, whether have the functions such as zero resistance insulator.

Brief description of the drawings

The structured flowchart of the outdoor location of the online remote monitoring device of the filthy state of Fig. 1 disk insulator;

Fig. 2 is the power supply of outdoor location---the block scheme of current transformation and accumulator, energy controller;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the outdoor location of embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the workflow diagram of indoor set;

In figure, the solid layer 1 of sky shade, the airway 2 of sky shade, outdoor location cabinet 3, temperature relative humidity sensor 4, the first hanger electric conductor 5, hanger insulator 6, the second hanger electric conductor 7, tested insulator chain 8, capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts 9.

Embodiment

The present invention relates to the online remote monitoring device of the filthy state of transmission line of electricity disk insulator, running status, mainly formed by indoor set and several outdoor locations that are arranged on the insulator chain of monitoring point, indoor set is connected with outdoor location respectively by wired or wireless or its array mode, thereby manages multiple outdoor locations.Indoor set major function be receive data, analyzing and processing data, demonstration Various types of data form and about time curve, show filthy state etc.; Outdoor location is mounted in the tested insulator chain (monitoring point) of the power circuit that needs monitoring, and major function is detect original vol, data processing, transmission data and receive instruction change, execution parameter amendment etc.

Indoor set is called host computer, outdoor location is called slave computer, slave computer by the timing of any wireless mode by data upload to host computer, or in transmitting procedure, have R-T unit to forward or organize screening, the rear forwarding of grouping, centre also can be by wire transmission, as internet network etc.The save data of uploading comprises: time of reception, and Measuring Time, and measured.For example have: filthy leakage current first-harmonic effective value, the filthy leakage current small-pulse effect frequency, insulator chain cold end capacitance current, the large pulse frequency of filthy leakage current, accumulator voltage, temperature value and relative humidity, but be not limited to this, can be with requiring to add or accept or reject corresponding content.

Host computer is preserved and is calculated, analyzes relevant data, for example: the filthy leakage current of standard contaminated insulator and temperature, relative humidity are related to experimental formula (or table of comparisons); Relative electro-conductivity value upper limit Hh; The filthy leakage current value Ih that exceeds standard; Transmission line of electricity real-time voltage and corresponding moment (can call the ready-made data of transformer station, also can measure voluntarily); Insulator chain cold end capacitance current detects the setting value S of use.They all can be called at any time or be shown as form or curve.Wherein filthy leakage current, temperature, relative humidity can also show data or the curve in certain period or certain selection range.

Host computer is analyzed uploading data, in the time that Relative electro-conductivity value exceeds calibration value Hh, or there is the filthy leakage current value Ih that exceeds standard, or capacitance current is when being greater than S or capacitance current and equalling zero, display reminding or warning, to show the insulator contamination order of severity or circuit, insulator work state, remind staff to arrange in advance work for the treatment of according to contamination degree.Preserve at ordinary times Relative electro-conductivity coefficient H, can show or not show, check at any time insulator contamination degree.

indoor set

Indoor set or title host computer, i.e. data receiver, analysis and display unit, is a computing machine, Computers and Communication network-in-dialing, and by processor or the contact of title slave computer of wireless mode and outdoor location, but be not limited to this.Host computer is as data receiver, analysis and demonstration.Its specific program block diagram as shown in Figure 5.Main but be not limited to bear following work:

1, analyze, store, show reception data and filthy state Relative electro-conductivity value.

2, send necessary instruction to data unit.

3, according to the filthy leakage current of measuring and corresponding temperature, relative humidity, the insulator contamination degree of monitoring point is judged.

4,, according to the cold end insulator capacitance current of measuring, the whether charged or ground connection of the zero resistance insulator of the insulator chain to monitoring point and wire judges.

5, man-machine dialog interface.

Host computer workflow is as shown in Figure 5: host computer has the filthy earial drainage of standard contaminated insulator and temperature, relative humidity and is related to experimental formula (or table of comparisons), Relative electro-conductivity value upper limit Hh, filthy leakage current exceed standard formula, form, constant or the data such as value Ih, transmission line of electricity voltage and correspondence moment, cold end insulator chain capacitance current upper limit set value S.The slave computer parameter of outdoor location can be set by the man-machine conversation frame of computing machine: for example: slave computer measuring intervals of TIME, slave computer data transmitting period, accumulator ceiling voltage, accumulator minimum voltage or proofread and correct slave computer clock etc. at each receiving cycle, can also add command content as requested.Reception slave computer uploading data (digital quantity) for example has: filthy leakage current first-harmonic effective value and measurement moment, the filthy leakage current small-pulse effect frequency and measurement moment, the large pulse frequency of filthy leakage current and measurement moment, accumulator voltage and measurement moment, temperature value and measurement moment, rh value and measurement moment etc.Receive slave computer signal and be stored in reservoir, computing by analysis, storage, while needs, show each data about time curve or form and current impulse about time form, show that electric current (or temperature or relative humidity) within the scope of certain is about time curve etc.Judging whether filthy leakage current values has is greater than the filthy leakage current value Ih that exceeds standard, and shows the electric current value that exceeds standard if having, and then carries out lower step judgement.If directly do not enter lower step, do you judge that cold end insulator capacitance current value is greater than cold end insulator chain capacitance current upper limit set value S? if have, show zero resistance insulator, then enter next step, otherwise directly enter next step, do you judge that cold end insulator capacitance current value equals zero? or whether filthy leakage current and capacitance current resultant current equal zero, if show that ground connection or wire are not charged, then enter next step, otherwise directly enter next step, calculate each real-time filthy leakage current first-harmonic effective value and at uniform temp, identical relative humidity, the ratio H of the filthy leakage current of standard contaminated insulator under same line voltage.And calculate its mean value Hmean within the not long time.Then judge whether Hmean is greater than Relative electro-conductivity value upper limit Hh, if show H---time curve, Hmean value and filthy serious prompting, otherwise follow according to the optional demonstration of needs H----time curve, Hmean value, or do not show.

Judgment principle and the implementation method of filthy state, filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method

The judgment principle of the filthy state Relative electro-conductivity of the present invention method is, getting one decides through consultation in advance, there is (as the critical filthy state of national regulation) insulator (or insulator chain) of certain soilability, lead as standard value using its electricity, go tolerance the electricity of the insulator of electric online operation or the external insulation of power transmission and transforming equipment lead (thickness ratio that also can be understood as both equivalent pollution layers).When exceeding standard value, occur that prompting explanation insulator contamination is serious, staff can arrange work for the treatment of in advance according to contamination degree.In principle, as long as pollution layer is constant, both ratio is can not become with temperature, relative humidity.Also under any temperature, relative humidity, both ratios are all the same, and therefore, any moment measures all effective, can monitor at any time insulator contamination state, realize the omnidistance monitoring of insulator contamination state.Because contamination process is a process slowly, so, can have ample time to arrange insulator contamination work for the treatment of schedule.So just avoid pick-up unit in the past, can only in the time closing on pollution flashover, could judge filthy serious shortcoming.

The specific practice of filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method is, first, gets the outer insulator of the power transmission and transforming equipment such as insulator or insulator chain or insulation column or insulating sleeve of the pollution level of having an agreement as standard.Filthy leakage current by it under normal voltage (as rated voltage) and temperature, relative humidity relation are tabulating or return into experimental formula, it is that experimental formula or tabulating form are for subsequent use that this step work can be returned in advance by applying unit or relevant functional unit, claims that this electric current is the filthy leakage current of standard.The filthy leakage current of standard also can, divided by normal voltage, represent with its perunit value form, and at this moment it has conductance guiding principle.When application, the first step, by the filthy leakage current of detected insulator, is multiplied by normal voltage again divided by the real-time voltage of this insulator, converts as the filthy leakage current under normal voltage.Maybe by the filthy leakage current of detected insulator, divided by the real-time voltage of this insulator, represent with perunit value.Second step, by the value of the first step, divided by there being the filthy leakage current of the insulator of the same type under uniform temp, identical relative humidity or the standard of insulator chain or insulation column or insulating sleeve, its ratio H is filthy state evaluation value.If adopt the mean value Hmean of the ratio within a period of time of not growing (as one day or one week), can make data more stable, filthy state evaluation value is more objective.When this value exceedes after setting value Hh, prompt alarm.The data volume of this method storage can be considerably less, and computing is very simple, and concept is also very clear and definite, can be applied to the filthy state-detection of all kinds of insulators or insulation column or insulating sleeve.More than work and also can carry out at slave computer, Calculation results is uploaded.

Whether the whether charged or circuit of zero resistance insulator and circuit the detection principle of ground connection

This device judges whether ground connection or the no zero resistance insulator that exists of the whether charged or circuit of circuit according to insulator chain cold end insulator capacitance current.It is as follows that it detects principle.

In line insulator string, the filthy leakage current of each insulator, and filthy state, the state of weather of insulator have much relations, its numerical value has the poor of decades of times.This impact will cause much larger than zero resistance insulator the variation of leakage current.So cannot judge zero resistance insulator according to the variation of leakage current.

In the time that dry and each insulator is all normal, in insulator chain, the voltage of each insulator is not wait, and is the shape of a saddle and distributes.Along with the increase of filthy leakage current, the voltage of its each insulator tends to its mean value.The filthy state of insulator, the variation of state of weather, the impact of the voltage of the insulator on cold end will be compared the impact of filthy leakage current, much smaller.1) if when each insulator is all normal and dry, the voltage of the insulator of cold end is less than mean value,, along with the increase of filthy leakage current, the voltage (or capacitance current) of the insulator of cold end also increases, but can not be greater than mean value S1.2) if when each insulator is all normal and dry, the voltage of the insulator of cold end is greater than mean value, along with the increase of filthy leakage current, the voltage (or capacitance current) of the insulator of cold end reduces, no matter under which kind of filthy leakage current, the voltage (or capacitance current) of the insulator of cold end can not be greater than the voltage (or capacitance current S2) of the insulator of cold end while being dried, but can not be less than mean value.

In the time having zero resistance insulator in insulator chain, the voltage of the insulator of cold end (or capacitance current), always increases.For 1) kind situation, when the voltage (or capacitance current) of the insulator of cold end is greater than mean value, must there is zero resistance insulator.For 2) kind situation, when the voltage (or capacitance current) of the insulator of cold end is greater than the voltage (or capacitance current) of dry and each insulator insulator of cold end when all normal, must there is zero resistance insulator.In fact,, when the sheet that reaches permission when the zero resistance insulator sheet number in insulator chain is counted, can meet above-mentioned condition.Illustrate that this determination methods is feasible.

When there being zero resistance insulator in insulator chain, and its zero resistance insulator sheet number is no more than and allows sheet while counting, and the voltage of its cold end insulator has approx:

(cold end insulator voltage while there is zero resistance insulator)/(normal cold end insulator voltage)

=(cold end insulated electro capacitance current while there is zero resistance insulator)/(normal cold end insulator capacitance current)

=(the total sheet number of insulator chain)/(the total sheet number-zero resistance insulator of insulator chain sheet number).

In addition when capacitance current is zero, or capacitance current and filthy leakage current synthesize zero, and the not charged or ground connection of circuit is described.

For different electric pressures, the insulator chain of different sheet numbers, can rule of thumb or calculate a given numerical value s, in the time that cold end insulator capacitance current is greater than s, is determined with zero resistance insulator and exists.

Insulator chain cold end capacitance current, can obtain in any way.As by the metal cap surrounding of the insulator of insulator chain cold end, with collector ring by filthy leakage current carrying-off, as used as detecting filthy leakage current.The capacitance current of metal cap is exactly desired electric current.

Below each parts are described further:

off-premises station

Structural representation as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, outdoor location of the present invention comprises: the solid layer 1 of sky shade member, the airway 2 of sky shade, outdoor location cabinet 3, hanger and temperature relative humidity sensor 4, capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts 9 and collector ring parts.Hanger is made up of the first hanger electric conductor 5, hanger insulator 6 and the second hanger electric conductor 7.The second hanger electric conductor 7 is connected with steel tower, the first hanger electric conductor 5 and capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect this example of parts 9(for the metal cap of the cold end insulator of detected insulator chain) be connected.Outdoor location cabinet 3 is placed on the insulator 6 of hanger, or the second hanger electric conductor 7, but is not limited to this.Sky shade member outside cabinet or above, keep the sun off, take away heat, protection cabinet and temperature relative humidity sensor.Except temperature relative humidity sensor 4 is placed in the below of insulator of hanger, other circuit block is all in cabinet.Wherein have: insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts, current transformation and accumulation of energy parts, processor, data unit.The antenna of data unit is placed in cabinet outside, but is not limited to this.Collector ring parts are placed in the upper surface of the peripheral insulator shirt rim of the metal cap of the cold end insulator of detected insulator chain, are connected with the input end of insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts by wire.Because temperature relative humidity measurement parts are placed in the airflow on surface of detected insulator chain, so can correctly reflect temperature and the relative humidity of air-flow.Outdoor location can be measured respectively the capacitance current of cold end of detected filthy leakage current and insulator chain or the electric current that both are synthetic.

Capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts

In high-voltage fence, distributed capacitance, bleeder resistance exist everywhere, for the energy of line loss is not generally utilized.The energy of the outdoor parts of monitoring device of the present invention, from capacitance current and the filthy leakage current of the insulator of high-tension electricity power transmission line, also can be from independent capacitance current or filthy leakage current.Implementation method can from one or many places be called the electric conductor that capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts and draw energy.Capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts, are electric conductors.This electric conductor contacts with transmission line of electricity high-pressure conductor by one of distributed capacitance and bleeder resistance or both.After being connected with the circuit of monitoring device, final ground connection.It can be the special parts that arrange that electric current collects parts, or held a concurrent post by the miscellaneous part that possesses capacitance current and filthy leakage current and collect characteristics of components, the metal cap being connected as hot end conductor, insulator chain and the hanger of hanger or and not direct-connected grading ring or other gold utensil, if adopting the metal cap of hanger and connection thereof holds a concurrent post, extract filthy leakage current with collector ring,, can there is zero resistance insulator with judging whether in capacitance current that also can independent measurement cold end insulator.

The sky shade member of thermal radiation resistant

The present invention has adopted thermal radiation resistant sky shade in outdoor location cabinet outside.Thermal radiation resistant sky shade, by multiple solids 1 and the alternate sandwich construction of air layer 2 that can circulate, solid layer 1 can be any shaped element that can prevent solar irradiation, can be placed on any suitable position, also can use cabinet, hanger or their part etc. is held a concurrent post solid layer.Interlayer can be made of one, and can be also several independent sectors, is fixed on suitable position, as is fixed on hanger, cabinet, insulator hardware or conventional gold utensil.Solid layer is used for stopping the impact of direct radiation on its internal layer, and air layer is taken away the heat of solid layer with convection type.Adopt such a or multiple interlayer, just can make the temperature rise in cabinet, drop to sufficiently littlely, and needn't separately add the cooling measure of the needs such as blower fan power consumption.This structure has not only reduced the working temperature of device circuit element, extend mission life, also reduce temperature rise and the impact of heat radiation on temperature, relative humidity sensor of the whole parts of outdoor location, for temperature, relative humidity measurement point are placed in the air-flow of insulator chain, create good environment, reduced measuring error.

Collector ring

Collector ring is the conductor loops of collecting the filthy leakage current of detected insulator, is placed in detected insulator metal cap periphery, and insulator upper surface close contact, but does not contact with metal cap, can adopt common outsourcing piece.Collector ring is collected the filthy leakage current that insulator surface disperses, and is connected with R4 and F5 by short leg, sends signal to insulator contamination leakage current amplifier and insulator contamination leakage current impulse sampling parts.Collector ring also can collect parts by capacitance current and filthy leakage current holds a concurrent post, but this timer can not be measured insulator capacitance current, generally is not used for detecting zero resistance insulator.

hanger

Hanger is to be used as (also can comprise that signal connects) that capacitance current is connected with filthy leakage current or as support insulator chain mechanical support linkage function or that be used as cabinet and sky shade (or itself being exactly a part for cabinet) or there is above two or more function, two have insulator insulated from each other therebetween, the member of electric conductor (i.e. the first hanger electric conductor 5, hanger insulator 6, the second hanger electric conductor 7) that can bearing tension.As shown in Figure 3, also can use the device of common disk insulator or similar structures.It also can be used as, and other detects, the signal of signal transmitting apparatus connects or supporting structure.

Adopting the benefit of hanger is that detected equipment and checkout equipment are put together.Save armouring signal wire and power lead, cancelled the mounting platform on steel tower, reduced interference, saved material, alleviated volume and weight, facilitated installation; Because pick-up unit string is in the cold end of detected insulator chain, be positioned among the airflow on surface of detected insulator chain, ensure the correlativity between filthy leakage current and temperature, relative humidity.Avoid temperature, relative humidity sensor (or autonomous device) to be placed in the shortcoming on steel tower.For the present invention adopts the filthy state of filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method criterion, on hardware, provide guarantee.This device is and insulator chain series connection to be in the cold end of insulator chain, thereby to have avoided drawing the shortcoming of energy power supply in high pressure current carrying conductor.

The first hanger electric conductor 5 is connected with the cold end of insulator chain, and be connected with the capacitance current input point of the circuit of this monitoring device, and F3, R2 tie point is connected, the second hanger electric conductor 7, on the conduction framework of hanging steel tower or be connected with network system ground, and and the ground of the circuit of this monitoring device join, temperature, relative humidity sensor 4 is fixed on hanger insulator 6 belows, outdoor location cabinet 3 is enclosed within the outside of the second hanger electric conductor 7, and supported by hanger insulator 6, the solid layer 1 of sky shade is fixed on hanger insulator 6, cabinet, the second hanger electric conductor 7, on the gold utensil being connected with insulator chain or above-mentioned part parts, the heat radiation impact being subject to reduce outdoor location cabinet 3 and temperature relative humidity sensor 4.Outdoor location cabinet 3 can be ring-type, but is not limited to this.

outdoor location cabinet inside parts connect

Power supply unit, insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, processor, capacitance current amplifier parts and data unit are housed in outdoor location cabinet 3, wherein, power supply unit, insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts are connected with processor respectively with data unit; Insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts, data unit, processor, be connected with power supply unit respectively; Data unit contacts by communication and host computer, as shown in Figure 1, in addition, power supply unit is connected with temperature relative humidity sensor 4 respectively with processor, and power supply unit collects parts 9 with capacitance current and filthy leakage current respectively with capacitance current amplifier parts and is connected.

outdoor location circuit theory diagrams

Following according to Fig. 4, respectively insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts (sinusoidal current that comprises stable state is measured and the measurement of the pulse frequency), temperature relative humidity measurement parts, capacitance current amplifier parts, power supply unit, energy controller, processor, data unit are narrated.

A) data unit

Data unit can be that outsourcing piece also can designed, designed.It is connected with processor, data receiver, analysis and display unit (wireless, network), power supply unit respectively.Join by relay switch K and accumulator, its ground end ground connection.

Data unit and processor have message exchange, and its working power starts and stops, and are controlled by relay switch K by processor, and data unit is timing discontinuous operation conventionally.Data unit can transmit with any radiowave the circuit of information, can be that analog quantity can be also digital quantity.Can be directly and host computer contact also can increase network link and host computer contact.Data unit sends filthy leakage current first-harmonic effective value (also can with mean value), exceedes temperature, the relative humidity of the current impulse frequency of setting value, cell voltage, insulator chain airflow on surface and measure the moment etc. accordingly.Data unit also receives the instruction of host computer, and passes to processor, and processor is carried out corresponding task according to instruction.In the time occurring large pulse current or exceed other regulation setting value, data unit starts transmission at any time.Data unit can also double as dissipative cell, and during DATA REASONING, energy-accumulating element voltage exceeds setting value, and data unit is opened at improper transmit time segments, work a period of time, to consume unnecessary energy, but does not transmit normal data.Processor is by I/O1, I/O2 and data unit contact.

B) processor

Processor is outsourcing piece, and the power end of processor is connected on E1 positive pole, and processor is to be made up of as single-chip microcomputer, DSP etc. or some discrete components integrated circuit.It is connected with insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts, temperature relative humidity measurement parts, power supply unit, data unit respectively.

Processor is carried out measurement, analyzes, is controlled function, has the various functions of processing and operation program, preserves various achievement datas, and record, preservation measurement data, command each associated components to carry out command adapted thereto etc. according to measurement data.Processor is served as following work:

1, detect insulator contamination leakage current and also analyze and detect its fundametal compoment, preserve filthy leakage current fundametal compoment; Detect cold end insulator capacitance current and preserve.

2, detect and preserve the filthy leakage current pulse frequency, while having large pulse current, immediately data are passed to data unit, and start transmit block, information is passed to host computer, but be not limited to this, other detection information of inputting as too large sinusoidal current or from spare interface, all can arrange instant starting and send data

3, receive the signal that also metering temperature, relative humidity sensor are sent here and preserve.

4, detect cell voltage and preserve, in the time of battery superpotential, after completing measurement task, connect power consumption parts or connect K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 is all or part of.And while continuing one section, to consume or to hinder cut-out excess energy.But be not limited to this, as determined to disconnect the moment according to cell voltage.

5, circuit working state control, circuit working periodic Control.As: the work period of data unit, metering circuit, Measuring Time, dormancy time, but be not limited to this.

6, data analysis function.

7, data are passed to data unit by timing, by transmit block, data sent, with " data receiver, analysis and display unit " exchange message.

C) temperature relative humidity measurement parts

Temperature relative humidity measurement parts are outsourcing pieces, can be that metering circuit any simulation or numeral forms, also can designed, designed.This device is taking digital circuit as example, and 4 mouthfuls of 3 mouthfuls of I/O, I/O by data line and clock input line and processor are connected.Be placed in hanger insulator 6 bottoms, protected by hanger insulator 6.Its power supply termination E1 positive pole.

D) insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts

Insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts comprise insulator contamination leakage current amplifier and insulator contamination leakage current impulse sampling amplifying circuit two parts, if do not need insulator contamination leakage current pulse detection, insulator contamination leakage current pulse detection part can not wanted.

Insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, are made up of shunt F5, F4, resistance R 4, R3, R10, R7, R9, R6, R8, R5, R14, R15, R16, R11, R12, R13, R17, R18, R19, R20, diode D4, D3, D2, D1, D14, D5, stabilivolt DW2, DW1, capacitor C 3, C2, C1, amplifier IC.

From the tested filthy leakage current of collector ring, by drawing of collector ring, from the common point input of F5, R4, the other end ground connection of F5, another termination R3 of R4, the positive pole of the other end of R3 and the negative pole of D4, D3 joins.D3, D4 detection are used.The positive pole of D4 joins with R10, R9, R8 successively, and the other end ground connection of R8 forms pulse current sample circuit.

The positive pole of D4 and R10 common point meet R14, R15, R16 successively, R16 other end ground connection.The common point of R14, R15 connects the positive pole of stabilivolt DW2, the minus earth of stabilivolt DW2, the common point of R15, R16 connects the positive pole of C3, D14, the I/O5 port of processor, the negative pole of D14, the other end ground connection of C3, and the I/O5 port of processor is measured the filthy leakage current small-pulse effect frequency.DW2, D14, C3 serve as pressure limiting, protection, anti-interference function.

R9 and R10 common point meet R11, R12, R13 successively, R13 other end ground connection.The common point of R11, R12 connects the positive pole of stabilivolt DW1, the DW1 minus earth of stabilivolt, and the common point of R12, R13 connects the positive pole of C2, D5, the I/O6 port of processor, the negative pole of D5, the other end ground connection of C2.The I/O6 port of processor is measured the large pulse frequency of filthy leakage current.The common point of R9, R8 connects the negative pole of D2, the plus earth of D2.DW1, D5, C2 serve as pressure limiting, protection, anti-interference function.

The negative pole of D3 joins with R7, R6, R5 successively, the other end ground connection of R5.Form filthy leakage current sample circuit.The common point of R6, R5 meets R17, R18, R19 successively, the output terminal of another termination IC of R19, the A/D1 of processor, and R6, R5, R17 common point connect D1 positive pole, D1 minus earth.D1 forward voltage drop is used for restricting signal superpotential.The common point of R17, R18 meets C1, C1 other end ground connection.The common point of R18, R19 connects the reverse input end of IC, and the positive input of IC, through R20 ground connection.The power supply termination energy storage battery anode of IC, energy storage battery cold end ground connection, enables termination processor I/O8 port.IC output termination A/D1 modulus port, carries out analog to digital conversion, and is converted through quick welfare sorrow by processor, obtain filthy leakage current first-harmonic effective value, and storage is called.

F4, R3, F5, R4, R14, R15, R11, R12, D1, DW1, DW2, D5, D14 play the effect of protection sample circuit in the time that tested filthy leakage current is excessive.Diode D1, D2 respectively with R5, R8 parallel connection, D2 is used for balance D1 makes the upper and lower half-wave symmetry of filthy leakage current.

E) capacitance current amplifier parts

Capacitance current amplifier parts, are made up of shunt F6, diode D16, D17, sampling resistor R28.D16 negative pole, D17 positive pole, F6, F1, K1, be connected together, shunt F6, diode D17 other end ground connection, diode D16 anodal and R28, processor A/D4 port join, R28 other end ground connection.Sampling resistor R28, is used for measuring the capacitance current of cold end insulator, for zero resistance insulator in insulator chain detects, whether transmission line of electricity is with electro-detection, whether ground connection detection provides hardware to ensure to transmission line of electricity.Between R28 and processor A/D4 port, also can connect amplifier, after amplifying, connect processor A/D4 port, capacitance current amplifier power supply is provided by accumulator.

If device does not intend to possess in insulator chain, zero resistance insulator detects, whether transmission line of electricity is with electro-detection, whether ground connection measuring ability of transmission line of electricity, or as the electric current of the energy, from other capacitance current, instead of the capacitance current of insulator chain cold end, R28, processor A/D4 mouth, shunt F6, D17, D16 need not, the direct ground connection of L1.

If filthy leakage current is during also as energy electric current a part of, capacitance current and the filthy leakage current values synthetic quantity of insulator chain cold end by the electric current of energy winding, electronegative potential termination R3, D3, the D4 common point of L1, F5, R4, F4, R3, D17, D16, R28 need not, the common point of R2, F3, connects the metal cap of insulator chain cold end.

Wherein F6 is that F1, K1 belong to control section for protecting capacitance current testing circuit, for interpreting blueprints conveniently, narrates in the lump at this.

)power supply---current transformation and accumulator, energy controller

The capacitance current of the insulator of high-tension electricity power transmission line and filthy leakage current are conventionally at the extremely hundreds of microamperes of tens of microamperes, there is current source feature, and electric current is subject to the impact of environment, weather and service time very large, current value usually can arrive a milliampere level (title excess current) while increase, sometimes can reach thousands of peaces or larger (claiming abnormal excess current) because pollution flashover, thunderbolt etc. cause that electric current very causes, energy supply is very unstable.It is to exchange or direct voltage source that general electric device requires power supply, although filthy leakage current has been electric weight, it is current source, can't be directly that electric device is used.The present invention is capacitance current and filthy leakage current or one of them, through current transformation and accumulation of energy parts, energy controller acting in conjunction, becomes the desired stable voltage source of common electric device.

Power supply comprises: current transformation and accumulator, energy controller, current transformation and accumulator are made up of energy-sensitive device, rectification circuit, accumulator, diode D15.Energy-sensitive device is connected with accumulator successively with rectification circuit, and energy-sensitive device is connected with energy controller respectively with accumulator.Energy-sensitive device is output AC voltage directly, and wherein, energy-sensitive device comprises iron core, around the energy winding L 1 on iron core, three induction winding L 2, L3, L4 composition.Induction winding can be winding independently, or multiple independently winding, or band tap winding, or is held a concurrent post by a part for energy winding.The energy winding of energy-sensitive device is to connect current source, and in the time that electric current is sine, the amplitude coefficient of its voltage is less than , induction winding L 2, L3 connect rectification circuit input end.Energy controller comprises: processor partial function, shunt F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 relay switch K, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, resistance R 21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, relay G, G1, G2, wherein shunt F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 relay switch K, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, resistance R 26, R27, relay G1, G2.Can be according to specific requirement in enforcement, select a part to be used in combination, power switch when K also doubles as transmitter transmission data.K switch, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 can be electronic type or mechanical on-off element, or current limliting or the pressure limiting element such as unidirectional voltage stabilizing element or bi-directional voltage stabilizing element or non-linear resistance or be made up of circuit.Transmitter, as the function that discharges the energy content of battery, can be held a concurrent post with resistance or by the components and parts of serving as other function.The first shunt F1 and energy winding parallel, the second shunt F2 mono-termination R1, R2 tie point, other end ground connection, the 3rd shunt one termination capacitance current input point, other end ground connection, F4 one end ground connection, the other end connects the common point of R3 and R4.F5 one end ground connection, the other end connects tested filthy leakage current input point.K1, K2, K3, K4 respectively with L1, L2, L3, L4 parallel connection.K6, K7 are parallel to power supply E2, E1 respectively with after resistance R 26, R27 series connection, after K5 and R25 series connection, one end ground connection, another termination E2 positive pole, R21 and R22 series connection, R21 other end ground connection, the positive pole of another termination of R22 E1, R21 and R22 common point meet processor A/D2, R23 and R24 series connection, R23 other end ground connection, another termination of R24 E2 positive pole.R23, R24 common point meet processor A/D3, and relay coil connects processor, and the anodal other end of K mono-termination E2 connects transmitter supply end, and diode D15 positive pole connects E2 positive pole, and negative pole connects associating power supply positive pole.

Contrast Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 power supply unit are described further:

Current transformation and accumulator, energy controller.Current transformation and accumulator are made up of energy-sensitive device, rectification circuit, accumulator, diode D15.Energy-sensitive device is connected with accumulator successively with rectification circuit.Energy-sensitive device is connected with energy controller respectively with accumulator.Energy-sensitive device is output AC voltage directly.Wherein, energy-sensitive device comprises iron core, around the energy winding L 1 on iron core, three induction winding L 2, L3, L4 composition, (induction winding can be winding independently, or multiple independently windings, or band tap winding, or held a concurrent post by a part for energy winding).

Energy-sensitive device is different from transformer, and the former limit of transformer is normally connected to voltage source, and primary current becomes with load, and when original edge voltage is sinusoidal, its winding voltage amplitude coefficient is .And the energy winding of energy-sensitive device is to connect current source, the electric current of energy winding is not with load variations, and in the time that electric current is sine, the amplitude coefficient of its voltage is less than .Induction winding L 2, L3 connect rectification circuit input end, energy-sensitive device is also different from current transformer, and the secondary of current transformer is to be operated in short-circuit condition, and magnetic induction density unshakable in one's determination is very low, when the primary current of current transformer is sinusoidal, the current amplitude coefficient of its secondary winding is , the induction winding of energy-sensitive device is not to be operated in short-circuit condition, magnetic induction density unshakable in one's determination neither be very low.And the voltage waveform of its work is also different with transformer, current transformer, when common transformer primary polygonal voltage is sinusoidal (or the electric current of current transformer is for sinusoidal), its secondary winding voltage (or electric current) amplitude coefficient is , and energy-sensitive device, in the time that the electric current of energy winding is sine, it is in common working range, and its induction winding voltage instantaneous value reaches after energy-storage travelling wave tube voltage, due to the restriction of energy-storage travelling wave tube, instantaneous voltage just no longer rises or rises seldom, so the voltage amplitude coefficient of its energy storage winding is less than .Because accumulator has voltage source character, the voltage of the induction winding being connected with rectifier is subject to the control of the voltage of accumulator, also presents the character of voltage source.The induction winding that rectifier connects, and other induction winding on same iron core, its voltage is proportionate relationship, so be also voltage source character.That is to say supply unit of the present invention, the energy of its input has current source character, and the energy of its output, no matter the alternating source that direct current or induction winding are directly exported all has voltage source character.

Rectification circuit is known common circuit or touches piece, as: single-phase center tap full-wave rectification, single-phase bridge full-wave rectification, the words that have multiple windings also can half-wave rectifying circuit, voltage doubling rectifing circuit etc.Two rectification circuits of this example comprise D6 ~ 9, D10 ~ 13.Accumulator can be the device that stores arbitrarily electric weight, and as accumulator, large bulk capacitance etc., this routine accumulator is chargeable storage E1, E2.The energy of its accumulation of energy parts, except from one of capacitance current, filthy leakage current or both, can also and from one of solar panel, wind-driven generator or both, composition associating power supply form.

Specifically as shown in Figure 4.Capacitance current enters from the first hanger electric conductor 5 of hanger, connect F6, D17 positive pole, D16 negative pole through R2, R1, L1 successively, the other end ground connection of F6, D17, D16 is not (if device detects zero resistance insulator,, the direct ground connection of L1, R28, processor A/D4 mouth, shunt F6, D17, D16 need not.Also can by collector ring with and lead-in wire, F5, R4, F4, D17, D16, R28, A/D4 removes need not, the common point of R3 and F6, L1, F1, K1 is joined, capacitance current and filthy leakage current sum, enter from the first hanger electric conductor 5 of hanger, at this moment filthy leakage current is containing capacitance current).L2, L3 connect respectively the ac input end of D6 ~ 9, D10 ~ 13, and the DC output end of D6 ~ 9, D10 ~ 13 meets respectively accumulator E2, E1.E2, the series connection of E1 forward, E1 minus earth (determining according to physical circuit element).E2 positive pole connects the positive pole of capacitor C4, relay switch K, diode D15, and the negative pole of diode D15 is as the input point of combining power supply.

Energy controller is used for the input and output of the energy of controlling energy-sensitive device; The voltage stabilization of accumulator; The output of accumulator distributes; And superpotential and the low-voltage protection etc. of accumulator parts.

Energy controller comprises: processor partial function, shunt F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 relay switch K, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, resistance R 21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, relay G, G1, G2.Wherein shunt F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, relay switch K, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, resistance R 26, R27, relay G1, G2, can be according to specific requirement in enforcement, selects a part to be used in combination.Relay switch K, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7; Relay coil Z, Z1, Z2; Amplifier G1, G2, G, it can all or part ofly be used for controlling battery superpotential.Power switch when wherein K also doubles as transmitter transmission data.In the time that cell voltage is too high, processor cuts off energy by relay closes K1, K2, K3, K4 and enters battery, or closed K, K5, K6, K7 consume unnecessary energy.In the time owing cell voltage, except microprocessor is in dormant state, cuts off other circuit power or make dormancy, to reduce the consumption of battery.

K switch, K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 can adopt separately or part combination adopts or all adopts, they can be electronic type or mechanical on-off element, or current limliting or the pressure limiting element such as unidirectional voltage stabilizing element or bi-directional voltage stabilizing element or non-linear resistance or be made up of circuit.When transmitter is used as the function that discharges the energy content of battery, can hold a concurrent post with resistance or by the components and parts of serving as other function.The first shunt F1 and energy winding parallel, the second shunt F2 mono-termination R1, R2 tie point, other end ground connection, the 3rd shunt one termination capacitance current input point, other end ground connection, F4 one end ground connection,

Vent diverter shunt F1 that overcurrent protection is used, F2, F3, also can be gas-discharge tube, voltage dependent resistor (VDR), strong discharge tube, voltage stabilizing diode, diode or and they have the lightning-arrest element of similar characteristics.Resistance R 1, R2, be used for realizing voltage matches.More than protection can increase and decrease as the case may be.Splitter side overweights overcurrent protection moment or short-term, and cell voltage control is the adjusting of long-term accumulated energy.

F1 is in parallel with L1, F2, F3, F4, F5, DW1, DW2 one end ground connection, the F2 other end connects the common point of R1 and R2, the F3 other end connects capacitance current input point, the F4 other end connects the common point of R3 and R4, F5 one end ground connection, the other end connects tested filthy leakage current input point, K1, K2, K3, K4 respectively and L1, L2, L3, L4 parallel connection, K6, K7 respectively with resistance R 26, after R27 series connection, be parallel to power supply E2, E1, after K5 and R25 series connection, one end ground connection, another termination E2 positive pole, R21 and R22 series connection, R21 other end ground connection, the positive pole of another termination of R22 E1, R21 and R22 common point meet processor A/D2, R23 and R24 series connection, R23 other end ground connection, another termination of R24 E2 positive pole, R23, R24 common point meets processor A/D3, relay coil connects processor,

The F6 other end connects the common point of L1 and D17, R11 and R12 common point that the DW1 other end connects,

The DW2 other end connects the common point of R14 and R15, diode D1, D2 one end ground connection, the other end connects respectively the common point of R5 and R6, R8 and R9, K4 one end and iron core, join.K5 mono-termination E2 positive pole, the other end, through R25 ground connection, is parallel to E2 after K6 and R26 series connection, after K7 and R27 series connection, is parallel to E1, K mono-termination E2 positive pole, the other end connects transmitter supply end.R22 mono-termination E1 anode, ground connection after another termination R21, R22, R21 common point meet processor A/D2, R24 mono-termination E2 anode, ground connection after another termination R23, R24, R23 common point meet processor A/D3, and R22, R21 common point, R24, R23 common point are as battery E1, E1+E2 voltage detecting point, pilot relay G, G1, G2 switch after treated device analysis, make the volume controlled of battery in certain scope.Relay G switch is K, and its coil is z, and the K switch 1 of relay G1, G2, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, coil are z1, z2, can increase and decrease as required.Z, z1, z2 meet respectively processor I/O7, I/O9, I/O10, other end ground connection.

The course of work of the present invention is as follows:

The mutual inductance of capacitance current between energy winding and induction winding, passes to induction winding by energy, through rectification, energy-storage travelling wave tube is charged.When energy winding current exceedes certain numerical value, each vent diverter is shunted unnecessary electric current, prevents that energy is excessive or winding transships or element damages.Processor A/D2, the timing of A/D3 mouth are measured cell voltage from sampling resistor R21, R23, are transformed to digital quantity and are stored in storer.When cell voltage is higher than setting value, processor, in this measuring period of end output signal, drives relay, makes K closure, discharges unnecessary energy.Also can use K5, K6, K7 to connect resistance R 25, R26, R27 consumed energy, or connect K1, K2, K3, K4 make energy can not be input to energy storage battery, they can use separately or part or all of common use.Can be unidirectional stabilized voltage supply if employing bi-directional voltage stabilizing element or circuit replace K switch 1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7(K5, K6, K7),, when its voltage arrives after certain value, just conducting limits or consumes excessive energy automatically.Some is similar in characteristic for bi-directional voltage stabilizing element or circuit and each shunt F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 etc.; but function stresses difference; the former is mainly used to regulate the excess energy of long-term accumulated, and the latter mainly lays particular emphasis on overcurrent protection moment or short-term.When cell voltage is during lower than setting value, except processor dormancy, disconnect or make other electricity consumption device of dormancy.

Through R8, R9, R10, D4, DW2, D14, C3, R14, R15, R16 circuit, detect its electric current small-pulse effect frequency by processor from the tested filthy leakage current of collector ring; Through R8, R9, R10, D4, DW1, D5, C2, R11, R12, R13 circuit, detect the large pulse frequency of its electric current by processor; Through R5, R6, R7, D3, D1, C1, R17, R18, R19, R20, amplifier IC circuit, timing detects its electric current by processor, and calculates first-harmonic effective value, then is stored in storer.R17, C1 form low-pass filter, preliminary elimination higher hamonic wave and high fdrequency component.

Temperature, relative humidity detect: complete sending processor by temperature, relative humidity sensor, and be stored in storer.

Processor timing detects filthy leakage current, the electric current small-pulse effect frequency, the large pulse frequency of electric current, cell voltage, temperature, relative humidity and Measuring Time, saves after treatment, and timed sending.In the time there is the large pulse frequency of electric current, or while exceeding the filthy leakage current of sine of setting value, immediately send.

Indoor host computer receives after slave computer information, time of return calibration information, the instruction that also renewable slave computer arranges if required.Host computer, by the data storage of accepting, is processed, called at any time.Host computer can show each data form, curve and filthy leakage current exceed standard value, instruction dialog box is set.The parameter that host computer has arranged according to the filthy leakage current of the standard contaminated insulator of having preserved in discharge current first-harmonic, temperature, the relative humidity accepted and the real time line voltage being called by transformer station, machine and temperature, relative humidity relation formula or form,, calculate filthy state Relative electro-conductivity value, and show result.When Relative electro-conductivity value, display reminding while exceeding standard value, staff arranges work for the treatment of in advance according to contamination degree.Filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method also can be used for judging the outdoor insulative body pollution level monitoring of the power transmission and transforming equipment such as insulation column or insulating sleeve or composite insulator.R28 is cold end insulator capacitance current sampling resistor, by processor A/D4 Port detecting (also can through amplifier again to processor), when exceeding setting, capacitance current is judged to zero resistance insulator existence, capacitance current is zero (or filthy leakage current, or filthy leakage current and capacitance current composite value are zero) time, can judge line-to-ground or not charged etc.

Capacitance current in measure of the present invention and structure and filthy leakage current collect one of the parts such as parts, supply unit, hanger and sky shade or several or all, can also collect one of the parts such as parts, power supply, hanger and sky shade or several or all as the capacitance current of some on-line measuring device of high-tension electricity power transmission line and filthy leakage current.As the filthy leakage current of insulator detects online, insulator contamination degree detecting, insulator arc-over current detecting, the insulator contamination electric current frequency detects, insulator dielectric resistance detection, insulator Partial Discharge Detection, insulator Electric Field Distribution detects, voltage distribution of insulator detects, insulator mechanical property state-detection, near transmission line of electricity, meteorologic parameter detects, the ice coating state of transmission line of electricity detects, the vibration detection of transmission line wire, transmission line wire wave detection, the sag of transmission line wire detects, the range line of transmission line wire detects, the scissors crossing of transmission line wire is apart from detection, thunder and lightning detects, insulator chain zero resistance insulator detects, iron tower of power transmission line condition monitoring, the detection of transmission line of electricity theftproof monitoring or the capacitance current of communication device and filthy leakage current collect parts, power supply, hanger and sky shade etc., or the capacitance current of the pick-up unit of one of them project or multiple projects and filthy leakage current collect parts, power supply hanger and sky shade, or get it and use as independent current source, also can jointly power with solar panel or aerogenerator.

Embodiment

Fig. 4 is the examples of implementation of the filthy remote detection device of disk insulator taking capacitance current as the outdoor location energy.K1 is in parallel with shunt F1, relay contact (switch) for L1, one termination R1, the other end is taken over voltage shunt F6, D17 positive pole, D16 negative pole, the other end ground connection of shunt F6, D17 positive pole, D16 positive pole connects R28 and processor A/D4 mouth, R28 other end ground connection.Energy winding L 1, R28, D17 that line distribution capacitance electric current enters supply unit by voltage matches resistance R 2, R1 are then to ground.In the time that cold end insulator capacitance current exceeds setting, be judged to zero resistance insulator and existed, in the time that cold end insulator capacitance current or filthy leakage current or both are zero, can judge line-to-ground or not charged etc.In induction winding L 2, L3, induce electric current, accumulator E2, the E1 charging to forward series connection respectively behind rectification circuit D6 ~ 9 of bridge-type detection, D10 ~ 13, E1 minus earth.Load connects corresponding battery two ends.Stabilivolt or relay switch K2, K3, K4 respectively with induction winding L 2, L3, L4 parallel connection, as the use of energy control.

The first shunt F1 and energy winding parallel, the second shunt F2 mono-termination R1, R2 tie point, other end ground connection, the 3rd shunt one termination capacitance current input point, other end ground connection.After capacitance current has exceeded certain numerical value, the shunt F of over-current protecting element ₁transient voltage suppressor diode F ₁the electric current of L1 has been shunted in conducting, prevents energy winding overload.In the time there is very large pulse current, the strong discharge tube F of the second shunt of abnormal over-current protecting element ₂, the 3rd shunt gas-discharge tube F ₃puncture, prevent that circuit from damaging, they have been functions of duplicate protection.F ₂, F ₃can adopt dissimilar element, for different pulse current waveforms, F ₂, F ₃the priority puncturing may be different.

After R5, R6, R7, D3 series circuit and R8, R9, R10, the parallel connection of D4 series circuit and R3, R4 series connection, a tested filthy leakage current input end of termination (collector ring), other end ground connection.The tested filthy leakage current input end of shunt F5 mono-termination, another end ground connection, shunt F4 mono-termination R3, R4 tie point, other end ground connection, as metering circuit overcurrent protection.R14, R15, R16 connect successively, and R14 connects R10, D4 tie point, R16 other end ground connection, and R16, R15 tie point connect processor I/O5 port, measure the filthy leakage current small-pulse effect frequency.DW2 one end ground connection, another termination R14, R15 tie point.D14, C3 mono-termination processor I/O5 port, other end ground connection.DW2, D14, C3 serve as pressure limiting, protection, anti-interference function.R11, R12, R13 connect successively, and R11 connects R9, R10 tie point, R13 another end ground connection, and R12, R13 tie point connect processor I/O6 port, measure the large pulse frequency of filthy leakage current.DW1 one end ground connection, another termination R11, R12 tie point.D5, C2 mono-termination processor I/O6 port, other end ground connection, DW1, D5, C2 serve as pressure limiting, protection, anti-interference function.After R17, R18 series connection, R18 connects amplifier IC reverse input end, and R17 connects R5, R6 tie point, and R20 connects amplifier positive input, other end ground connection.R19 is feedback resistance, connects amplifier reverse input end and output terminal.Aforementioned proportion amplifier out connects processor A/D1 modulus port, and is converted through quick welfare sorrow by processor, obtain filthy leakage current first-harmonic effective value, and storage is called.Whether proportional amplifier enables termination processor I/O8 port, worked by the control of processor I/O8 port voltage.D1 and R5 parallel connection, its forward voltage drop is used for restricting signal superpotential.D2 and R8 parallel connection, to keep positive and negative half waveform consistent.D3, D4 detection use, make two branch roads detect respectively positive and negative half-wave.

R21, R22 series connection, forms voltage divider, and E1 parallel connection, and R21 side one end ground connection, as the sampling resistor of measuring E1.The tie point of R21, R22 connects the A/D2 mouth of processor.R23, R24 series connection, forms voltage divider, R23 side one end ground connection, and as the sampling resistor of measuring E1+E2, R24 side connects E2 positive pole.The tie point of R23, R24 connects the A/D3 mouth of processor.

The power supply of transmitter is connected with E2 is anodal by K switch, and Data In-Line, output line and processor two I/O1, I/O2 are connected.Temperature relative humidity sensor power supply connects E1 positive pole, and data line is connected with processor I/O3, I/O4 respectively with clock line.

Processor, except above-mentioned connection, is also connected with amplifier G, G1, G2 input end, and G, G1, G2 output terminal are succeeded respectively electric apparatus coil z, z1, z2, relay coil other end ground connection.

Processor is with measuring cell voltage with A/D port.In the time that cell voltage is too high, in measuring period end, output signal is through amplifier (G) to relay coil, and the power switch K(controlling transmitter also can use K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7 or part wherein, or pressure limiting element or the circuit such as stabilivolt.) make it connect a period of time, consume or block unnecessary energy.In the time that cell voltage is too low, except making processor in dormant state, cuts off the power supply of other element or make its dormancy.

Processor is measured the frequency of the large pulse of filthy leakage current and small-pulse effect, temperature, relative humidity signal with I/O port; With I/O port output data and reception instruction.Processor is the work period of control amplifier, temperature, relative humidity sensor, transmitter also, implements discontinuous operation, saves energy.

Data receiver, analysis and display unit are computing machines of being furnished with specific program, be indoor host computer, bear the storage, demonstration of the data that each measurement point sends, to each data unit send the surveying work cycle, transmitter sends the instruction tasks such as cycle, time adjustment, battery operated voltage range.And by the filthy leakage current effective value receiving (the filthy leakage current of actual measurement of insulator also can comprise capacitance current), be converted into the filthy leakage current values under specified line voltage distribution, then divided by what pre-establish, there is the filthy leakage current of the standard contaminated insulator under uniform temp, identical relative humidity, specified line voltage distribution.By the mean value of each quotient of each quotient or a day to several days, as the filthy index that judges insulator.When this value is greater than the index that overhaul of setting, can also occur prompting, suggestion arranges cleaning maintenance work.(choose the insulator of a standard filth, obtain in advance it under normal voltage, the relation of filthy leakage current and temperature, relative humidity.Remove to measure the pollution level of monitored insulator with the pollution level of the insulator of standard filth.）

The structural representation of sky shade and hanger and temperature relative humidity sensor installation site as shown in Figure 3, outdoor cabinet, the first hanger electric conductor 5, hanger insulator 6, the second hanger electric conductors 7.1 is the solid layer of sky shade, and cabinet 3, hanger insulator 6 have the solid layer function that doubles as sky shade, the 2nd, and the airway of sky shade.Sky shade, outside cabinet, hanger, protects it to avoid direct sunlight.Temperature relative humidity sensor 4 is arranged on the below of device, is in the air-flow of insulator chain 8, is subject to the protection of the insulator 6 of sky shade, cabinet and hanger simultaneously, and measured value approaches the actual value of air-flow very much.

Claims (4)

1. the online remote monitoring method of the filthy state of disk insulator, it is characterized in that, the method judges the degree of external insulation pollution of electric transmission and transformation equipment by filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method, and detects and in insulator chain, whether have zero resistance insulator or detect the whether charged or no ground connection of power transmission line by detecting cold end insulator capacitance current; Describedly judge that by filthy state Relative electro-conductivity method the degree of external insulation pollution of electric transmission and transformation equipment specifically comprises the following steps:

(1), by filthy the actual measurement of detected insulator or insulator chain leakage current or comprise the filthy leakage current of insulator capacitance current, divided by real time line voltage, be multiplied by normal voltage;

(2), by the calculated value of step (1), divided by the filthy leakage current of standard under the temperature identical, identical relative humidity, represent pollution level;

(3) each calculated value of step display (2) or this calculated value represent pollution level at the mean value of some days.

2. the online remote monitoring method of the filthy state of disk insulator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly detect in insulator chain, whether to have zero resistance insulator or detect the whether charged or no ground connection of power transmission line and be specially by detecting cold end insulator capacitance current: the capacitance current that detects cold end insulator, in the time that capacitance current is greater than setting, judge and in insulator chain, have zero resistance insulator, or in the time that insulator capacitance current or filthy leakage current and capacitance current resultant current are zero, judge that power transmission line ground connection or power transmission line are not charged.

3. the online remote monitoring device of the filthy state of the disk insulator for method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is mainly made up of indoor set and several outdoor locations that are arranged on the insulator chain of monitoring point, and indoor set is connected with outdoor location respectively by wired or wireless or its array mode; Indoor set is computing machine; Outdoor location comprises: the solid layer (1) of sky shade member, the airway (2) of sky shade, outdoor location cabinet (3), hanger, temperature relative humidity sensor (4), capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts (9) and collector ring parts; Wherein, hanger is made up of the first hanger electric conductor (5), hanger insulator (6) and the second hanger electric conductor (7); The second hanger electric conductor (7) is connected with steel tower, and the first hanger electric conductor (5) collects parts (9) with capacitance current and filthy leakage current and is connected; Outdoor location cabinet (3) is placed on hanger; The solid layer (1) of sky shade member outside cabinet or above, temperature relative humidity sensor (4) is placed in the below of hanger insulator (6), and the airway (2) of sky shade is distributed between the solid layer (1) of sky shade member, outdoor location cabinet (3) and hanger insulator (6); It is an electric conductor that capacitance current and filthy leakage current collect parts (9), this electric conductor contacts with transmission line of electricity high-pressure conductor by one of distributed capacitance and bleeder resistance or both, after being connected with the first hanger electric conductor (5), final ground connection.

4. the online remote monitoring device of the filthy state of disk insulator according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, power supply unit, insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, processor, capacitance current amplifier parts and data unit are housed in outdoor location cabinet (3), wherein, power supply unit, insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts are connected with processor respectively with data unit; Insulator contamination leakage current amplifier parts, capacitance current amplifier parts, data unit, processor, be connected with power supply unit respectively; Data unit contacts by communication and host computer, power supply unit is connected with temperature relative humidity sensor (4) respectively with processor, and power supply unit collects parts (9) with capacitance current and filthy leakage current respectively with capacitance current amplifier parts and is connected.