CN102507392B - Tester for interface of different materials under point/rectangular load and photoelastic test method - Google Patents
Tester for interface of different materials under point/rectangular load and photoelastic test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102507392B CN102507392B CN 201110347817 CN201110347817A CN102507392B CN 102507392 B CN102507392 B CN 102507392B CN 201110347817 CN201110347817 CN 201110347817 CN 201110347817 A CN201110347817 A CN 201110347817A CN 102507392 B CN102507392 B CN 102507392B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tester for an interface of different materials under a point/rectangular load and a photoelastic test method. The tester comprises a test platform, a model box device, and a loading system, wherein the model box device is arranged on the test platform; the model box device and the test platform are horizontally arranged; and the loading system is arranged on the upper part of the test platform to load/unload the point/rectangular load on/from the model box device. The photoelastic test method comprises the following steps of: building and regulating a model test platform according to test requirements, processing a model material, arranging a cross cursor, and mounting and regulating the model box device; selecting and regulating the loading system; and post-processing test data by using a noncontact photoelectric data acquisition system and combining reference proportion base points. The invention can acquire stress transmission and deformation data in a model material, particularly the stress transmission and deformation data of the interface of two different materials in real time, and provides accurate test data for corresponding theoretical and actual engineering research.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ground and foundation works experimental study field, be specifically related to transport mechanism and a kind of boundary layer stress field of deformation analysis and test unit and the method for displacement field synchro measure of simulation in the following interlayer extra-stress of difference foundation soil body characteristic material multiple spot (rectangle) load.
Background technology
According to State Council's Mid-term and Long-term Plan of the Railway Network, to build " four vertical four horizontal strokes " railway personal rapid transit passage and Bohai Rim, Yangtze River Delta Region, three the intercity passenger-traffic systems in Delta of the Pearl River area to the year two thousand twenty China railways, build more than Line for Passenger Transportation 1.6 ten thousand km.In addition, for promoting the railway freight movement capacity, the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, China has realized china railway 2.8 ten thousand km heavy haul transport networks.Speed-raising, at a high speed and heavy duty become the new feature of China railways traffic and listed among the China railways development plan as national significant development strategy, and in these engineerings, will face the weak foundation soil problem greatly.Show by the research work to existing railway operation situation: the soft foundation soil layer character circuit running status that the non-uniform settling of regional roadbed causes of suddenling change worsens the phenomenon ubiquity.The control of settlement of subgrade has been become key problem and the difficult point of railway construction in China.
How calculating settlement of foundation (especially non-uniform settling) more accurately is the problem that presses for solution in ground and the foundation works, and additional stress Calculation problem is one of key issue of settlement of foundation calculating in the ground.Only be well understood to distribution situation and the transport mechanism of extra-stress in the ground, just might carry out settlement of foundation more exactly and calculate.
As the foundation soil body medium, both had successional feature on the one hand; The prose style free from parallelism feature that also has particulate material on the other hand.Continuity Characteristics and prose style free from parallelism feature can be changed under certain condition mutually, but mechanism is extremely complicated.Existing ground extra-stress and settlement calculation theory are based on continuum mechanics theory more relatively to the horizontal slice case study, but in conjunction with particulate material bulk solid theory of mechanics to the different structure thing, different ground processing form, extra-stress at vertical contact bed under the conditions such as different ground character distributes and the transmission situation, settlement of foundation (distortion) calculates rarely has research, especially the mechanical mechanism at the uneven settlement of foundation under the embankment load action is short in understanding, understanding is qualitatively only arranged, so present stage does not still have extra-stress and the settlement calculation method of settlement of subgrade.Therefore, for foundation soil body vertical contact bed extra-stress transport mechanism and rule under the different loads of research, new test unit and method have been designed according to the needs of actual engineering.
Summary of the invention
For satisfying the testing requirements of extra-stress transport mechanism and rule between different load different materials, the invention provides difference material interface test unit and photoelastic test method under a kind of point/rectangle load, it carries out the synchro measure of stress field and displacement field by photoelastic test.
For reaching above purpose, solution of the present invention is:
Difference material interface test unit under a kind of point/rectangle load, it comprises test platform, model casing device and loading system, model casing is installed on the test platform, and model casing device and test platform are horizontal positioned, and loading system is installed on test platform top the model casing device is added unloading point or rectangle load.
Described test platform comprises base platform, footstock platform and studdle, and base platform and footstock platform be arranged in parallel, and connect by studdle; Be equipped with leveling leveling bubble device on base platform and the footstock platform, and overlap with leveling leveling bubble device on the test base platform after the downward projection of leveling leveling bubble device on the test footstock platform.
Described loading system comprises live loaded device and load means, the live loaded device comprises that the Load Transfer rod guidance is to sleeve pipe, Load Transfer guide rod, guide rod footstock, some contact lever, the Load Transfer rod guidance is fixed in the top of test platform to sleeve pipe, the Load Transfer bar passes the Load Transfer rod guidance to sleeve pipe, and Load Transfer bar and Load Transfer rod guidance contact SDeflector to being embedded with between the sleeve pipe; One end of Load Transfer bar links to each other with the guide rod footstock, and the other end links to each other with a contact lever; Load means comprises and adds the unloading load means continuously and wait the discontinuous unloading load means that adds of load, adds unloading by the guide rod footstock.
Described some contact lever one end is connected with the Load Transfer bar, and the other end links to each other with the rectangle contact plate of adjustable area.
Described live loaded device is 4 covers.
Described model casing device comprise test model case apparatus base, back fixing can have an X-rayed panel, in fixingly can have an X-rayed dividing plate, preceding detachable perspective panel and simulation material, the back is fixing can have an X-rayed panel and be fixed on the test model case apparatus base, fixingly during its place ahead is fixedly connected with successively by web member can have an X-rayed panel, the back is fixing can have an X-rayed panel component model case; Be provided with leveling leveling bubble device near preceding detachable perspective panel place on the test model case apparatus base; Simulation material places in this model casing, and the center of simulation material is provided with tracking cross; Four angle points of preceding detachable perspective panel are provided with reference to the ratio basic point.
Described cast material comprises rectangle or hexagon material.
A kind of photoelastic test method adopts said apparatus, and it may further comprise the steps:
1) cast material of different nature is arranged tracking cross, and according to the spacing of testing requirements test platform is built between the forward and backward polariscope of photoelastic test instrument, and with the test platform leveling;
2) make up the model casing device, the cast material of different nature that satisfies testing requirements processing is placed in the model casing device, fine setting model casing device is positioned on the level reference itself and test platform;
3) select to add unloading type and value according to testing requirements, guide rod footstock radius size and thickness, point or rectangle load and size are installed on test platform top with the live loaded device of loading system;
4) determine to add unloading type and value and with the way of contact and the contact position of cast material, with Pass Test require add the unloading type and value puts on the live loaded device;
5) by non-contact optoelectronic equipment acquisition test data, cast material is subjected to be out of shape behind the load in the process of the test by the cast material cursor is read, the deflection situation, and converses processing and the analysis that actual conditions are carried out the follow-up test data by reference ratio basic point.
Further, if need research different the cast material way of contact and contact position, add unloading type and value to the influence of test findings, repeating step 3)-5).
Described cast material is photoelastic material, requires to select according to different tests, according to the different soil mass property of size simulation, after it is die-cut according to the test dimensional requirement, guarantees its clean state and arranges tracking cross in the observation one side.
The Treatment Analysis of described step 5) refers to when image analysis, by displacement size and the corner size of observation tracking cross, converses the stress and strain value size of cast material reality.
Owing to adopted such scheme, the present invention has following characteristics: can obtain in real time at point loading or rectangle load action drag material internal especially stress transmission and the deformation data of two difference material boundary faces, for theory and actual engineering research accordingly provides test figure accurately, this test system architecture is simple, easy operating, repeatability is strong, and data are accurate, and test effect is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of test unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of test platform and loading system among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section along A-A profile line among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic cross-section along B-B profile line among Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 be among the present invention two kinds add the structural representation that unloads load means.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of model casing device among the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic cross-section along C-C profile line among Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic cross-section along D-D profile line among Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the workflow synoptic diagram of photoelastic test of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, so that technician's of the same trade understanding:
Test unit of the present invention comprises test platform, loading system and model casing device as shown in Figure 1, and the model casing device is positioned on the test platform; Loading system places test platform top, and the model casing device is vertically exerted pressure.
Wherein, test platform comprises test base platform 1, test studdle 2, hold-down nut 3, test footstock platform 4, leveling leveling bubble device 5, as described in Fig. 1-4, test studdle 2 penetrates test base platform 1 and test footstock platform 4 respectively, test base platform 1 is parallel with test footstock platform 4, will test base platform 1 respectively by hold-down nut 3 and fixedly connected with test studdle 2 with test studdle 2, test footstock platform 1; Be respectively equipped with leveling leveling bubble device 5 on test footstock platform 4 and the test base platform 1, and overlap with the leveling leveling bubble device 5 that tests on the base platform 1 bottom after the leveling leveling bubble device 5 downward projections on the test footstock platform 4, by observing leveling leveling bubble device 5 and regulating hold-down nut 3, can guarantee that test platform is in horizontality, thereby guarantee that the model casing device on the test platform also is in horizontality, loading system then is in plumbness.
Loading system comprise the Load Transfer rod guidance to the rectangle contact plate 12 of sleeve pipe 6, some contact SDeflector 7, Load Transfer guide rod 8, guide rod footstock 9, coupling bolt 10, some contact lever 11, adjustable area, continuously add unloading load means 13, etc. the discontinuous unloading load means 14 that adds of load, shown in Fig. 1-5, the Load Transfer rod guidance passes test footstock platform 4 to sleeve pipe 6, and also fixedlys connected with test footstock platform 4 is vertical; Load Transfer guide rod 8 passes the Load Transfer rod guidance to sleeve pipe 6, and Load Transfer guide rod 8 and Load Transfer rod guidance are to being embedded with a contact SDeflector 7 between the sleeve pipe 6, the effect of some contact SDeflector 7 is when guaranteeing that Load Transfer guide rod 8 moves down, touch a contact SDeflector 7, driving some contact SDeflector 7 takes place to rotate synchronously, and directly with Load Transfer rod guidance wall frictions in the sleeve pipe 6, be not subjected to the making progress influence of frictional resistance of the Load Transfer guide rod 8 of guaranteeing to be applied in load.Load Transfer guide rod 8 one ends link to each other with guide rod footstock 9 by coupling bolt 10, and the some contact lever 11 that the other end contacts with simulation points is fixedly connected.Guide rod footstock 9 is mainly to adding unloading load means 13 continuously or waiting load discontinuous adding to unload load means 14 stable support platform is provided.Load Transfer guide rod 8 can be selected its quantity according to demand, select 4 Load Transfer guide rods 8 in the present embodiment for use, thereby by when guide rod footstock 9 load applications, drive Load Transfer guide rod 8 and move down, and then drive the some contact lever 11 of varying number and the multiple spot load that contacts to simulate diverse location and quantity of cast material 21 of different nature.Point contact lever 11 is screwed bolt, thereby some contact lever 11 can interconnect with the rectangle contact plate 12 of the adjustable area that the simulation rectangular surfaces contacts, same by when guide rod footstock 9 load applications, drive Load Transfer guide rod 8 and move down, so the rectangle contact plate 12 that drives adjustable area and cast material 21 of different nature contact to simulate the rectangle load.Guide rod footstock 9 be by will add unloading load means 13 continuously and wait load discontinuous add operation that unloading load means 14 places and take off at guide rod footstock 9 simulate respectively add continuously unloading and etc. load is discontinuous adds, unloads load.
The model casing device comprise test model case apparatus base 15, back fixing can have an X-rayed panel 16, in fixingly can have an X-rayed dividing plate 17, leveling leveling bubble device 5, preceding detachable perspective panel 18, long coupling bolt 19, with reference to the tracking cross 22 of ratio basic point 20, cast material 21, cast material particle, shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6-8, the back is fixing can have an X-rayed panel 16 and fixedly connected with test model case apparatus base 15; Before detachable perspective panel 18 with in the fixing dividing plate 17, back can had an X-rayed fix and can have an X-rayed panel 16 and be connected by long coupling bolt 19, in fixing can have an X-rayed dividing plate 17 levels be close to respectively to the side before detachable perspective panel 18, the back is fixing can have an X-rayed panel 16, and in fixingly can have an X-rayed dividing plate 17 bottoms and be close to test model case apparatus base 15; Before being arranged on reference to ratio basic point 20 near 18 4 angle points of detachable perspective panel; Cast material 21 of different nature can be made of rectangle or hexagon material, and cast material 21 centers arrange tracking cross 22; Cast material 21 be positioned over by test model case apparatus base 15, back fixing can have an X-rayed panel 16, in fixingly can have an X-rayed the model casing inside that dividing plate 17 and preceding detachable perspective panel 18 are formed; Be provided with leveling leveling bubble device 5 at the test model case apparatus base 15 near preceding detachable perspective panel 18.
The vertical equipment of existing photoelastic test comprises reflective mirror, light source, quasi-optical mirror, polarizer, quarter wave plate, model, quarter wave plate, analyzer, standard device such as imaging len and screen is formed, because can not satisfying, the part of the model equipment in the existing photoelastic test obtains cast material inside especially the stress transmission of two difference material boundary faces and the requirement of deformation data in real time, test unit of the present invention can replace the model equipment part in the existing photoelastic test, and by the reflective mirror in the existing photoelastic test, light source, quasi-optical mirror, polarizer, quarter wave plate, analyzer, existing standard such as imaging len and screen equipment cooperates finishes test.
Fig. 9 is the workflow of the photoelastic test of the above-mentioned testing system apparatus of employing, adopts above-mentioned pilot system to the test method of difference material boundary face extra-stress and distortion situation to be:
This test unit can obtain different load forms (dead load or dynamic load in real time, point loading or rectangle load), under the different load levels, different stress paths, extra-stress field in the contact bed scope of difference material under the parameters such as various boundary (continuous medium material and different fabrics, shape granular material) and the data of displacement field are analyzed data accurately for the mechanism of extra-stress transmission provides with calculating and the calculating of further settlement of foundation.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.The person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not breaking away from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. difference material interface test unit under a point or the rectangle load, it is characterized in that: it comprises test platform, model casing device and loading system, the model casing device places on the test platform, and model casing device and test platform are horizontal positioned, and loading system is installed on test platform top the model casing device is added unloading point or rectangle load;
Described test platform comprises base platform, footstock platform and studdle, and base platform and footstock platform be arranged in parallel, and connect by studdle; Be equipped with leveling leveling bubble device on base platform and the footstock platform, and overlap with leveling leveling bubble device on the base platform after the downward projection of leveling leveling bubble device on the footstock platform;
Described loading system comprises live loaded device and load means, the live loaded device comprises that the Load Transfer rod guidance is to sleeve pipe, Load Transfer bar, guide rod footstock, some contact lever, the Load Transfer rod guidance is fixed in the top of test platform to sleeve pipe, the Load Transfer bar passes the Load Transfer rod guidance to sleeve pipe, and Load Transfer bar and Load Transfer rod guidance contact SDeflector to being embedded with between the sleeve pipe; One end of Load Transfer bar links to each other with the guide rod footstock, and the other end links to each other with a contact lever; Load means comprises and adds the unloading load means continuously and wait the discontinuous unloading load means that adds of load, adds unloading by the guide rod footstock;
Described model casing device comprise test model case apparatus base, back fixing can have an X-rayed panel, in fixingly can have an X-rayed panel, preceding detachable perspective panel and cast material, the back is fixing can have an X-rayed panel and be fixed on the test model case apparatus base, and fixing panel and the preceding detachable perspective panel can had an X-rayed was with the component model case during its place ahead was fixedly connected with successively by web member; Be provided with leveling leveling bubble device near preceding detachable perspective panel place on the test model case apparatus base; Cast material places in this model casing, and the center of cast material is provided with tracking cross; Four angle points of preceding detachable perspective panel are provided with reference to the ratio basic point.
2. difference material interface test unit under point as claimed in claim 1 or the rectangle load, it is characterized in that: described some contact lever one end is connected with the Load Transfer bar, and the other end links to each other with the rectangle contact plate of adjustable area.
3. difference material interface test unit under point as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or the rectangle load is characterized in that: described live loaded device is 4 covers.
4. difference material interface test unit under point as claimed in claim 1 or the rectangle load, it is characterized in that: described cast material comprises rectangle or hexagon material.
5. photoelastic test method is characterized in that: adopt each described device of claim 1-4, it may further comprise the steps:
1) cast material of different nature is arranged tracking cross, and according to the spacing of testing requirements test platform is built between the forward and backward polariscope of photoelastic test instrument, and with the test platform leveling;
2) make up the model casing device, the cast material of different nature that satisfies testing requirements processing is placed in the model casing, fine setting model casing device is positioned on the level reference itself and test platform;
3) select to add unloading type and value according to testing requirements, guide rod footstock radius size and thickness, point or rectangle load and size are installed on test platform top with the live loaded device of loading system;
4) determine to add unloading type and value and with the way of contact and the contact position of cast material, with Pass Test require add the unloading type and value puts on the live loaded device;
5) by non-contact optoelectronic equipment acquisition test data, cast material is subjected to be out of shape behind the load in the process of the test by the cast material cursor is read, the deflection situation, and converses processing and the analysis that actual conditions are carried out the follow-up test data by reference ratio basic point.
6. photoelastic test method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: if need research different the cast material way of contact and contact position, add unloading type and value to the influence of test findings, repeating step 3)-5).
7. photoelastic test method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described cast material is photoelastic material, require selected according to different tests, according to the different soil mass property of size simulation, after it is die-cut according to the test dimensional requirement, guarantees its clean state and arrange tracking cross in the observation one side.
8. photoelastic test method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the Treatment Analysis of described step 5) refers to when image analysis, by displacement size and the corner size of observation tracking cross, converses the stress and strain value size of cast material reality.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110347817 CN102507392B (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2011-11-07 | Tester for interface of different materials under point/rectangular load and photoelastic test method |
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| CN 201110347817 CN102507392B (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2011-11-07 | Tester for interface of different materials under point/rectangular load and photoelastic test method |
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| CN102507392A CN102507392A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
| CN102507392B true CN102507392B (en) | 2013-08-14 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103438818B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-10-07 | 西南交通大学 | The imaging detection device of the micro-deformation of a kind of soil body sample and method |
| CN106706478A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-24 | 同济大学 | Particle arching characteristic test device and test method thereof |
| CN110907621A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-03-24 | 广东工业大学 | Visual foundation load experimental apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1401987A (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2003-03-12 | 清华大学 | Circular loading shear apparatus for observing earth and structural member contact face mechanical property |
| CN2779378Y (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-05-10 | 南通大学 | Multifunctional experimental instrument for elasticity of material |
| CN101464255A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-06-24 | 林瑞璋 | Quantitative stress-strain polarimetry machine |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1401987A (en) * | 2002-09-28 | 2003-03-12 | 清华大学 | Circular loading shear apparatus for observing earth and structural member contact face mechanical property |
| CN2779378Y (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-05-10 | 南通大学 | Multifunctional experimental instrument for elasticity of material |
| CN101464255A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-06-24 | 林瑞璋 | Quantitative stress-strain polarimetry machine |
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