CN102499070A - Pleurotus geesteranus strain production method for increasing fruit body yield and total amino acid content with cobalt 60 radiation treatment - Google Patents

Pleurotus geesteranus strain production method for increasing fruit body yield and total amino acid content with cobalt 60 radiation treatment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102499070A
CN102499070A CN2011103175752A CN201110317575A CN102499070A CN 102499070 A CN102499070 A CN 102499070A CN 2011103175752 A CN2011103175752 A CN 2011103175752A CN 201110317575 A CN201110317575 A CN 201110317575A CN 102499070 A CN102499070 A CN 102499070A
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amino acid
acid content
radiation
total
production method
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王正荣
江枝和
郑向华
彭瑞琴
翁伯琦
雷锦桂
肖淑霞
陈坚
鄢铮
叶大春
王义祥
林怀礼
王丹红
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FUZHOU INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Institute of Soil and Fertilizer Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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FUZHOU INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Institute of Soil and Fertilizer Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a pleurotus geesteranus strain production method for increasing fruit body yield and total amino acid content with cobalt 60 radiation treatment. The method comprises the following process steps of: producing a stock spawn; producing a stock seed; and producing a cultivar by using the stock seed, and is characterized in that: the stock spawn is produced by the following steps of: preparing a material: preparing a stock spawn culture medium and putting the stock spawn culture medium into a test tube; purifying and rejuvenating from a pleurotus geesteranus fruit body to obtain a stock spawn, and inoculating stock spawn mycelia onto the stock spawn culture medium; and after a mycelia tube is full, and performing cobalt 60 radiation-induced breeding treatment for 30-60 minutes at the radiation dose of 0.4-0.6 KGY. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantage that: the pleurotus geesteranus fruit body yield and the total content of various amino acids including total sulfur amino acid content, total branched-chain amino acid content, total child amino acid content, total necessary amino acid content, total flavor amino acid content, total sweet amino acid content and total amino acid content can be increased remarkably.

Description

Utilize co-60 radiation to handle the oyster mushroom kind production method that improves fruiting body yield and total amino acid content
(1), technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fungus growing technique, be specifically a kind of oyster mushroom kind production method of utilizing co-60 radiation handle to improve fruiting body yield and total amino acid content (that is: a kind of utilize cobalt 60 ( 60The Co-gamma-rays) the oyster mushroom kind production method of irradiation treatment).
(2), background technology
Elegant precious mushroom (another name: small mushroom, Ji mushroom, kenel mushroom look is similar to phoenix-tail mushroom) and be a kind of edible mushroom of the torrid zone and subtropical zone, originate in India; The elegant precious mushroom in Fujian Province is to introduce from Taiwan and progressively grow up since its mushroom shape show little, float in vain, mouthfeel is tender; Delicious tasty and refreshing, nutritious, rich in proteins, polysaccharide, crude fat, vitamin and trace mineral element etc.; Elegant precious mushroom contains 17 kinds with upper amino acid, and more valuable is, it contains human body self and can not make; And in food (suitable the eating of very suitable pregnant woman) such as the common threonine that lacks, lysine, leucines, elegant precious mushroom is tasty, has unique local flavor; Be a kind of high protein, low-fat nutraceutical, therefore become the green health food that liked by the consumer.At present, elegant precious mushroom cultivation has become an emerging kind of China's mushroom industry, and elegant precious mushroom production is all competitively being developed in all parts of the country, becomes an important channel of peasant's increasing both production and income.
Current, the elegant precious mushroom cultivation in Fujian Province is main to be main factory culture pattern with the specialist, through years of development, begins to take shape, and is radiated all parts of the country thus.According to investigations; Fujian Province has become maximum elegant precious mushroom planting base, the whole nation, and wherein the area under cultivation of Luoyuan County occupy the first in the whole nation, has production capacity and reaches above 6 families of enterprise of 1,000,000 bags; 177 families of the above enterprise of 150,000 bags; The output in 1 year reaches about 100,000,000 bags, accounts for more than 50% of national market share, 400,000,000 yuan of year wound output values.But along with the development of industry, produce light science and technology, do not drop into strength at aspects such as strain improvement, culture technique, the extermination of disease and insect pest and solve and promote owing to live again; Because the production base is too concentrated, caused taking off of bacterial classification simultaneously, yellow blight takes place often; Bacterium bag living contaminants rate is high, and bacterial classification product fine rate descends, and makes economic benefit not be protected; Reduce the enthusiasm of specialist, the legal dispute because of the bacterial classification reason had also once taken place, caused elegant precious mushroom industry development paces to ease up.
As everyone knows; Develop mushroom industry; Crucial prerequisite is that excellent species (or kind) is gone ahead of the rest, and (edible fungus species is manufactured process and comprised: produce female the kind, just the purification and rejuvenation acquisition is female from fruit body plants (being called the one-level kind again) to have only good bacterial classification just can reach good quality and high output; Produce original seed, promptly be meant mother is planted the numerous original seed (secondary kind) that arrives of expansion; Produce cultivated species; Had original seed also will expand it to cultivated species (i.e. three grades of kinds), cultivated species be exactly utilize original seed mycelium again expanding propagation become the bacterial classification that can directly put into production after once), the awkward situation of the elegant precious mushroom development that the Gonna breakthrough our province is present; Must carry out the strain improvement of elegant precious mushroom; Simultaneously based on the elegant precious mushroom current situation of our province, should be main with the high quality product kind that seed selection helps factory culture, this is first key element of elegant precious mushroom high yield.But elegant precious mushroom is the emerging kind that just grew up in recent years; Relevant for this reason research work is many introduces a fine variety screening, the cultivation management of screening, composts or fertilisers of cultivating and the hereditary capacity research of the bacterial strain of being correlated with is main with biological property, the kind of the precious mushroom of show; Precious mushroom excellent species (the elegant precious mushroom new varieties) seed selection of shorter mention show; Like the relevant scientific research personnel of Ministry of Agriculture Genetic Breeding of Edible Mushroom emphasis open laboratory some biological property to the oyster mushroom strain of collecting; Be to utilize modern molecular biology technique RAPU that its genetic character is analyzed, there is bigger hereditary difference in 8 oyster mushroom strains, and it is bigger that affiliation differs.But also have Zhejiang University agricultural and life technology institute and Zhejiang Province's academy of agricultural sciences horticulture relevant scientific research personnel screened " No. 1, agricultural show " elegant precious mushroom excellent species (elegant precious mushroom new varieties) aborning; Find no matter it all has more advantage than the flat mushroom of common cultivation at aspects such as edibility, cultivation, output; Mycelia flushes, and has extremely strong saprophytic ability.The relevant scientific research personnel of biotechnology system of Yueyang Vocationl Technical College has studied different factors to the influence of the precious mushroom protoplast separation of show with regeneration effect, for optimization system and the elegant precious mushroom cytomixis distant hybridization breeding of setting up elegant precious mushroom protoplast preparation provides useful reference.
According to another investigation, the elegant precious mushroom kind of China's Mainland cultivation at present mainly is the introduction from Taiwan in 1998, apart from modern existing more than the 10 year time.During this time, most experience all concentrates on the production cultivation and the market development of the elegant precious mushroom of development, as yet not in the research of making great efforts aspect the seed selection improvement of precious mushroom excellent species of show and kind; At present send out existing kind degenerating appears in the back introducing for many years for this reason, shows as the postponement of fruiting phase, and fruiting is uneven after the low temperature treatment; Fruiting not even; Therefore, for improving the quality of products and competitiveness, must it be the sufficient up and down time of elegant precious mushroom new varieties research at excellent species.In addition, the application of cobalt 60 radioactive sources is very extensive; Almost spread all trades and professions; On agricultural, be usually used in radiation breeding, stimulate raising the output, radiation pest control and food irradiation preservation with fresh-keeping etc., still also do not see the relevant report that utilizes cobalt 60 radiographic source irradiation treatment oyster mushroom kinds.
(3), summary of the invention
Task of the present invention provide a kind of oyster mushroom kind production method of utilizing co-60 radiation handle to improve fruiting body yield and total amino acid content (that is: utilize cobalt 60 ( 60The Co-gamma-rays) the oyster mushroom kind production method of irradiation treatment), make not only have irradiation treatment conveniently, technology is simple; Save labor, favourable oyster mushroom kind breeding of new variety improvement enlarges elegant precious mushroom production scale; Increase output; Reach high and stable yields to obtain better economic results in society, all kinds of total amino acid contents of also favourable increase further obviously improve the nutritional quality of elegant precious mushroom.
Of the present invention opening one's minds is: in view of elegant precious mushroom is a pollution-free green agricultural, can long-run development, and many in the majority with intensification, factory culture of the development of the precious mushroom of our province show; Work out good edible fungus species, not only can bring the lifting of an industry, create huge economic benefit; Through the improvement on the bacterial classification, can also obtain the oyster mushroom strain of high yield and high quality, it can solve the problem that faces of the precious mushroom industry of our province show; For the development of industry provides germ plasm resource; And reduce production costs, thereby the export competitiveness of the elegant precious mushroom industry of favourable lifting continues to keep the leading position of the precious mushroom industry of our province show to do one's bit.The present invention realizes with following technical scheme:
The present invention is this to utilize co-60 radiation to handle the oyster mushroom kind production method that improves fruiting body yield and total amino acid content, that is: a kind of utilize cobalt 60 ( 60The Co-gamma-rays) the oyster mushroom kind production method of irradiation treatment; This method still comprises following processing step: the one, produce female the kind; Just purification and rejuvenation obtain female the kind (being called the one-level kind again), the 2nd from the precious massee fruiting bodies of show, produce original seed; Just utilize female mycelium of planting to insert in the pedigree seed culture medium, expanding propagation is cultivated into original seed (claiming the secondary kind again), the 3rd, utilizes original seed to produce cultivated species, and the mycelium that utilizes original seed exactly expanding propagation again becomes the cultivated species (i.e. three grades of kinds) of production usefulness after once; It is characterized in that: wherein said when producing female the kind; The processing step of its making is: get the raw materials ready, comprise the processing and fabricating mother culture media, mother culture media is packed in the test tube; The purification and rejuvenation back obtains female kind the (being that one-level is female plants) from the elegant precious massee fruiting bodies that grows fine, and mother is planted mycelium insert on the mother culture media; Carry out behind the mycelium full packages cobalt 60 ( 60Co-γ) radiaction mutation is handled, and the radioinduction time is 30--60 minute, radiation dose is controlled is 0.4KGY-0.6KGY (as about 0.5KGY).
Above-mentioned technical characterictic of the present invention can further be specially:
One, described cobalt 60 ( 60When Co-γ) radiaction mutation is handled, before carrying out irradiation (being radiation) mutagenesis, repeatedly repeat fixed point and measure dosage, the radiation dose dispersity is controlled within 5%;
Two, described cobalt 60 ( 60When Co-γ) radiaction mutation is handled; Because cobalt 60 is radioisotope, itself has the specific half life period, calculate the dose rate of corresponding time and corresponding points according to its rule that decays; According to setting dosage, confirm irradiation (being radiation) time (t) at last again;
Three, described carry out cobalt 60 ( 60Co-γ) during the radiaction mutation operational processes, specifically is that the test tube that bacterial classification is housed is placed on the rack for test tube, makes it vertical with directions of rays; After the irradiation t/2 time (1/2nd radioinduction time); The source falls, and with the test tube in the irradiation together with rack for test tube Rotate 180 degree, be about to forward direction to over against radiation source away from the one side of radiation source; Irradiation t/2 time again, with guarantee irradiation dose evenly.
Four, described mother culture media is to adopt the PDA medium.
Utilize the co-60 radiation of the inventive method (to be the special use of the precious mushroom of radiation show 60Co-gamma-rays radiation dose) the oyster mushroom kind after mutation breeding is handled is carried out factory culture production (can cultivate according to the conventional cultivation method of producing of the precious mushroom of show); Through relevant department's assay determination; Can obviously improve elegant precious massee fruiting bodies output and all kinds of total amino acid content, can make elegant precious massee fruiting bodies output and sulphur total amino acid content, branched-chain amino acid total amount, children's total amino acid content, TEAA, delicate flavour total amino acid content, sweet taste total amino acid content and total amino acid content rise to 26.87%-28.76%, 37.20%-62.22%, 21.38%-28.08%, 55.08%-77.60%, 26.63%-30.18%, 22.84%-30.89%, 30.32%-33.93% and 28.26%-34.69% respectively.
(4), embodiment
Below be a kind of specific embodiment that utilizes technical scheme of the present invention, this oyster mushroom kind production method of utilizing co-60 radiation handle to improve fruiting body yield and total amino acid content of the present invention, that is: utilize cobalt 60 ( 60The Co-gamma-rays) the oyster mushroom kind production method of irradiation treatment; This method still comprises following processing step: the one, produce female the kind; Just purification and rejuvenation obtain female the kind (being called the one-level kind again), the 2nd from the precious massee fruiting bodies of show, produce original seed; Just utilize female mycelium of planting to insert in the pedigree seed culture medium, expanding propagation is cultivated into original seed (claiming the secondary kind again), the 3rd, utilizes original seed to produce cultivated species, and the mycelium that utilizes original seed exactly expanding propagation again becomes the cultivated species (i.e. three grades of kinds) of production usefulness after once; It is characterized in that: wherein said when producing female the kind; The processing step of its making is: get the raw materials ready, comprise the processing and fabricating mother culture media, mother culture media is packed in the test tube; The purification and rejuvenation back obtains female kind the (being that one-level is female plants) from the elegant precious massee fruiting bodies that grows fine, and mother is planted mycelium insert on the mother culture media; Carry out co-60 radiation mutation breeding behind the mycelium full packages and handle, the radioinduction time is 30--60 minute, radiation dose is controlled is 0.4KGY-0.6KGY (as about 0.5KGY).
Above-mentioned technical characterictic of the present invention can further be specially:
One, when described cobalt 60 (can be abbreviated as 60Co) radiaction mutation is handled, before carrying out irradiation (being radiation) mutagenesis, repeatedly repeat fixed point and measure dosage (for the fixed point of conventional method is measured), the radiation dose dispersity is being controlled within 5%.
Two, when described co-60 radiation mutation breeding is handled; Because cobalt 60 is radioisotope, itself has the specific half life period, calculate the dose rate of corresponding time and corresponding points according to its rule that decays; According to setting dosage, confirm irradiation (being radiation) time (t) at last again.
Three, when carrying out co-60 radiation mutation breeding operational processes, specifically be that the test tube that bacterial classification is housed is placed on the rack for test tube described, make it vertical with directions of rays; After the irradiation t/2 time (1/2nd radioinduction time); The source falls, and with the test tube in the irradiation together with rack for test tube Rotate 180 degree, be about to forward direction to over against radiation source away from the one side of radiation source; Irradiation t/2 time again, with guarantee irradiation dose evenly.
Four, described mother culture media is to adopt PDA medium (annotate: conventional PDA mother culture media formula rate is to be thinly sliced by potato 200g, adds water 1000ml, agar 20g and white sugar 20g, processes through steps such as poach heating and filtering).
Utilize the co-60 radiation of the inventive method (to be the special use of the precious mushroom of radiation show 60Co-gamma-rays radiation dose) the oyster mushroom kind after mutation breeding is handled is carried out factory culture production (can cultivate according to the conventional cultivation method of producing of the precious mushroom of show), and the cultivation prescription is: wood chip 58%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wheat skin 20%, CaCO 31%, sugar 1%, pH nature.Test is according to the plastic sack of packing into after mixing thoroughly in 1: 1.5 the material-water ratio adding composts or fertilisers of cultivating, and every packed siccative 230g puts seal mouth ring, plug cotton in the ring, autoclaving.Temperature to be expected is cooled to inoculation about 26 ℃ (inserting through the oyster mushroom kind after the co-60 radiation mutation breeding processing), and postvaccinal bacterium bag stands on lucifuge cultivation on culturing room's frame.22~23 ℃ of cultivation temperature, relative air humidity 70~75% moves into cultivating chamber after the mycelia purseful.The cultivating chamber temperature is controlled at 18~21 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled between 90~93%, treats that the fruit body cap grows to about 2.5cm, and the lid edge is involute, spore do not gather before launching as yet (can be used as working sample).Wherein the protein of fruit body and amino acid content adopt Kjeldahl and the automatic assay determination of Hitachi's 8800 type amino acid respectively, can reach output and all kinds of total amino acid content in the elegant precious massee fruiting bodies of aforesaid obvious raising.

Claims (5)

1. one kind is utilized co-60 radiation to handle the oyster mushroom kind production method that improves fruiting body yield and total amino acid content; This method comprises following processing step: the one, produce female the kind; Just purification and rejuvenation obtain female kind, the 2nd from the precious massee fruiting bodies of show, produce original seed; Just utilize female mycelium of planting to insert in the pedigree seed culture medium, expanding propagation is cultivated into original seed, the 3rd, utilizes original seed to produce cultivated species, and the mycelium that utilizes original seed exactly expanding propagation again becomes the cultivated species of production usefulness after once; It is characterized in that: wherein said when producing female the kind; The processing step of its making is: get the raw materials ready, comprise the processing and fabricating mother culture media, mother culture media is packed in the test tube; The purification and rejuvenation back obtains female the kind from the elegant precious massee fruiting bodies that grows fine, and mother is planted mycelium insert on the mother culture media; Carry out co-60 radiation mutation breeding behind the mycelium full packages and handle, the radioinduction time is 30--60 minute, radiation dose is controlled is 0.4KGY-0.6KGY.
2. the co-60 radiation that utilizes according to claim 1 is handled the oyster mushroom kind production method that improves fruiting body yield and total amino acid content; It is characterized in that: when described co-60 radiation mutation breeding is handled; Before carrying out irradiation mutagenesis; Will repeatedly repeat fixed point and measure dosage, the radiation dose dispersity is being controlled within 5%.
3. the co-60 radiation that utilizes according to claim 1 is handled the oyster mushroom kind production method that improves fruiting body yield and total amino acid content; It is characterized in that: when described co-60 radiation mutation breeding is handled; To calculate the dose rate of corresponding time and corresponding points according to cobalt 60 decay rules; According to setting dosage, confirm exposure time (t) at last again.
4. the oyster mushroom kind production method of utilizing co-60 radiation handle to improve fruiting body yield and total amino acid content according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when carrying out co-60 radiation mutation breeding operational processes, specifically is that the test tube that bacterial classification is housed is placed on the rack for test tube described; Make it vertical with directions of rays; The irradiation t/2 time, promptly 1/2nd radioinductions fall the source after the time; And with the test tube in the irradiation together with rack for test tube Rotate 180 degree; Be about to forward direction to over against radiation source away from the one side of radiation source, irradiation t/2 time again, with guarantee irradiation dose evenly.
5. the co-60 radiation that utilizes according to claim 1 is handled the oyster mushroom kind production method that improves fruiting body yield and total amino acid content, it is characterized in that: described mother culture media is to adopt the PDA medium.
CN2011103175752A 2011-10-17 2011-10-17 Pleurotus geesteranus strain production method for increasing fruit body yield and total amino acid content with cobalt 60 radiation treatment Pending CN102499070A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105165401A (en) * 2015-09-12 2015-12-23 辽东学院 Cordyceps militaris liquid strain stabilizing technology
CN108990731A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-12-14 江继永 A kind of hilly regions in south China hickory chick, terraced rice paddies crop rotation method
CN109258306A (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-25 江苏强农农业技术服务有限公司 A kind of elegant precious mushroom strain mating system rapidly and efficiently

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105165401A (en) * 2015-09-12 2015-12-23 辽东学院 Cordyceps militaris liquid strain stabilizing technology
CN108990731A (en) * 2018-07-12 2018-12-14 江继永 A kind of hilly regions in south China hickory chick, terraced rice paddies crop rotation method
CN109258306A (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-25 江苏强农农业技术服务有限公司 A kind of elegant precious mushroom strain mating system rapidly and efficiently

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