CN102498954B - Method for improving K326 flue-cured tobacco variety - Google Patents
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- CN102498954B CN102498954B CN 201110387997 CN201110387997A CN102498954B CN 102498954 B CN102498954 B CN 102498954B CN 201110387997 CN201110387997 CN 201110387997 CN 201110387997 A CN201110387997 A CN 201110387997A CN 102498954 B CN102498954 B CN 102498954B
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- 241001163394 Medinilla magnifica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001490 (3R)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-JTQLQIEISA-N (R)-linalool Natural products CC(C)=CCC[C@@](C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 108010005094 Advanced Glycation End Products Proteins 0.000 description 1
- -1 Aromatic amino acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NIDGCIPAMWNKOA-WOJBJXKFSA-N Neophytadiene Natural products [C@H](CCC[C@@H](CCCC(C)C)C)(CCCC(C=C)=C)C NIDGCIPAMWNKOA-WOJBJXKFSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving K326 flue-cured tobacco variety. Selecting rose grapes as rootstocks, taking K326 flue-cured tobacco seedlings as scions, grafting by adopting a tongue grafting method in the last ten days of month 5, and transplanting the plants after grafting survival in a field. The invention first carries out distant hybridization on the muscat and the K326 flue-cured tobacco variety, improves the disease and insect resistance of a new plant through grafting, increases the special fruity aroma of the muscat besides the characteristics of the K326 flue-cured tobacco variety, and improves the aroma amount and the aroma quality of tobacco leaves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the flue-cured tobacco cultivation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method by distant hybridization improvement K 326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars.
Background technology
The K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars belongs to Dicotyledoneae Tubiflorae Solanaceae, Nicotiana in Plant Taxonomy, and the annual herb plant is the kind that U.S. Northup King Seed Company company forms with the McNair30*NC95 selection cross.K326 applied from U.S. introduction Yunnan Province and in 1989 in 1985.The common adopting process technical finesse of industrial enterprise, add the method such as perfume additive and improve K326 tobacco leaf industrial applicability, but improving K 326 cured tobacco variety is only and solves quality of tobacco one of the most direct way that descends.
As everyone knows, existing cultivation tobacco bred derives from the common relationship of minority, and affiliation is nearer, and hereditary basis is poor, is difficult to therefrom select breakthrough kind, particularly produces the upper high fragrance of being badly in need of and the new flue-cured tobacco varieties of fragrance uniqueness, and is very few especially.Therefore, only utilize wild species in the Nicotiana and the crossbreeding between the K326, be difficult to realize above-mentioned target.If can transfer to the useful properties in not equal, the plant that belongs in the K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars, it should be the effective way that addresses this problem.But there is not yet successful report in the prior art, reason is to occur very easily that two inter breed crossings are not affine, hybrid dies young easily, sterile, hybrid generation separates greatly usually, is difficult for the stable technical barrier that waits.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of improving K 326 cured tobacco variety is provided, by the mode of distant hybridization, remedy the problem of K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars fragrance deficiency, and strengthen the ability of its disease and insect resistance.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is percetage by weight.
Technical scheme of the present invention is based on following understanding: grape claims again grape, Vitis, Vitaceae, and defoliation liana slaps lobately, and 3～5 lack and split, and compound raceme is conical usually, and its berry mostly is circle or oval, and color and luster is different with kind.Contain various abundant vitamins and trace element in the grape, long-term edible to the human body beneficial.Rose grape (Rose honey) is French introduced variety, and have: vegetative period is long, and early ripe, planting cost is low, has rose fragrance and the sugar of strong uniqueness moderate.Research finds that its fragrance, taste feature have preferably complementarity with K326, itself and K326 flue-cured tobacco is carried out engrafting and cultivating be expected to promote the K326 Flue-cured tobacco Quality.
A kind of method of improving K 326 cured tobacco variety may further comprise the steps:
(1) select stock and scion: choose diameter at the rose grape more than 0.5 centimetre as stock, it is full to choose the pure leaf bud of kind, not viruliferous K326 Flue-cured Tobacco seedling is as scion;
(2) grafting time: the first tenday period of a month in May;
(3) grafting method: adopt the tongue grafting grafting, be about to scion and stock interface and be whittled into the inclined-plane, close most advanced and sophisticated 2/3 place, separately vertically downward partial application on close most advanced and sophisticated 1/3 place and scion inclined-plane on the stock inclined-plane, dark 1～2cm interleaves scion and stock two tongues and is combined;
(4) connect rear management: carry out field-transplanting behind the grafting survival, and in time grafting is topdressed and water, weed with a hoe and prevention and elimination of disease and pests work.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is pioneering carries out distant hybridization with rose grape and K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars, has promoted artificially the gene of different plant species gradually to blend interchange by grafting, thereby has created the tobacco bred that makes new advances.The successful Application of this invention will provide the good varieties of plant of characteristic and technical support to the fresh and sweet fragrant characteristic perfume material safeguards technique system of " cloud and mist " brand to create.
2, result of the test shows, K326 flue-cured tobacco and rose grape have stronger affinity, the survival rate 51% of grafting.
3, the rose grape root system is flourishing, and is extensive to weather and Local Adaptation, improved the disease resistance ability of new plant, and wherein the mosaic disease incidence of disease reduces 20%, and the bacterial wilt incidence of disease reduces 10%.
4, tobacco incense tolerance, fragrance matter all increase, and new plant has increased again the distinctive fruity aroma of rose grape except having K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars characteristic.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiment is not to be restriction to technical solution of the present invention.All all fall into protection scope of the present invention based on any conversion that training centre of the present invention is done.
Embodiment 1
Plant respectively K326 flue-cured tobacco and 500 strains of rose grape two kinds in red cigarette flue-cured tobacco base, Milei County, Yunnan Province, carry out plant growth proterties after graft compatibility, the grafting, resistant to diseases and insects and cured tobacco leaf quality comparative trial.Concrete operation step is as follows:
1, select stock and scion: stock is chosen the rose grape variety, preferably gives birth to then green branch and reaches the semi-lignified state, and showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally after namely cutter is cut is the most in good time phase of grafting, and grafting is typically chosen in the cloudy day or be advisable fine morning and afternoon.Should grow stalwartness, without damage by disease and insect, diameter is more than 0.5 centimetre; The K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars is selected in scion, requires the necessary pure leaf bud of kind of scion full, not viruliferous cigarette seedling.It is substantial to grow as the branch of scion and stock, and ripe good, scion is cut and stayed a bud, and 1.5cm, lower end 4-6cm are stayed in the bud upper end.Stock is about 20cm.
2, grafting time: grafting time is selected in and carries out the first tenday period of a month in May, and this moment, meristematic cell was movable strong, and healing is fast, and survival rate is high.
3, grafting method: tongue grafting grafting.
First scion and stock interface are whittled into the inclined-plane, the inclined-plane is long to be thick 1.6～2 times of branch; Again on the stock inclined-plane near on most advanced and sophisticated 1/3 place and the scion inclined-plane near most advanced and sophisticated 2/3 place, separately vertically downward partial application, dark about 1～2cm blocks scion mutually with stock " tongue " shape otch, and aims at and form layer, jam-packed up and down, then two tongues interleave and are combined.This method can be tied up in conjunction with very tight.
4, connect rear management; Sprout tillers very easily occurs on stock after the grafting, should remove as early as possible.Mending of not surviving connects.Carry out field-transplanting behind the grafting survival, and in time grafting is topdressed and water, weed with a hoe and the work such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
5, result of the test
(1) plant cultivating result
Rose grape and K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars are carried out the combination of grafting, compare with the own-rooted tree of scion own, although Other Main Agronomic Characters is basically identical, but improved the diseases and insect pests resistance of new plant, increased the adaptability of new plant, and graft survival rate has been higher, accordingly as can be known, test has feasibility.
Plant cultivating result after table 1 grafting
(2) cured tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking quality condition
Choose respectively K326 and improve the breed (B3F, C3F, X2F each 100) is aesthetic quality's tobacco sample of smokeing panel test, the sensory evaluating smoking identifies by the judging panel with the certification of smokeing panel test, undertaken by standard " YC/T138-1998 tobacco and tobacco product ", each index gives respectively different score values by the quality scale of smokeing panel test.
The contrast of table 2 tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking quality
| Index | The highest score design | Former kind | Improve the breed | Difference |
| Fragrance matter | 18 | 15.02 | 15.24 | 0.22 |
| Perfume quantity | 16 | 13.67 | 14.03 | 0.36 |
| Assorted gas | 16 | 15.1 | 15.64 | 0.54 |
| Excitant | 20 | 18.21 | 19.45 | 1.24 |
| Pleasant impression | 22 | 18.65 | 19.01 | 0.36 |
| Flammability | 4 | 3.95 | 3.26 | 0.69 |
| Grey | 4 | 3.64 | 3.48 | 0.16 |
| Total points | 100 | 88.24 | 90.11 | 1.87 |
This result of the test shows that the tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking quality comprehensive of improving the breed score is higher than former K 326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars, illustrates that the tobacco leaf interior quality is better than former kind.From single index improve the breed that the tobacco leaf excitant obviously weakens, fragrance matter, perfume quantity also increases, new plant has reduced again excitant except having cloud and mist 97 flue-cured tobacco cultivars characteristics.
(3) flavor matter content situation
Table 3 fragrance matter content balance
| Fragrance matter | Former kind (ug/g) | (ug/g) improves the breed | Difference (ug/g) |
| Carotenoid catabolite total amount | 62.5 | 63.58 | 1.08 |
| Aromatic amino acid class total amount | 17.36 | 18.45 | 1.09 |
| Maillard reaction product class total amount | 23.67 | 23.01 | 0.66 |
| West cypress alkanes total amount | 48.67 | 50.14 | 1.47 |
| Neophytadiene | 712.35 | 715.31 | 2.96 |
| Linalool | 4.21 | 5.21 | 1 |
| The oxidation isophorone | 0.41 | 0.74 | 0.33 |
| Indoles | 0.35 | 0.23 | 0.12 |
| The spiral shell vetivone | 1.03 | 0.47 | 0.56 |
| Standard specimen | 15 | 15 | 0 |
| Total amount | 885.55 | 892.14 | 6.59 |
This result of the test shows, improve the breed with former kind in the kind of flavor matter basic identical, but the fragrance matter content of improving the breed is higher than former kind.
6, the applicable cases of embodiment in product
Embodiment test plant after maturation through gathering, just roasting, redrying beats the processing links such as leaf, again tobacco leaf deposited in the warehouse, behind 18 months natural alcoholizations, join in " Red River " board cigarette in 10% ratio.Through expert's evaluation of smokeing panel test: compare with former kind, the assorted gas of the K326 flue-cured tobacco cultivars after the improvement is lower, and fragrance is higher, inhales flavor and coordinates, and integrated quality is more excellent, and with the rose fragrance of uniqueness.
Claims (1)
1. the method for an improving K 326 cured tobacco variety may further comprise the steps:
(1) select stock and scion: choose diameter at the rose grape more than 0.5 centimetre as stock, it is full to choose the pure leaf bud of kind, not viruliferous K326 Flue-cured Tobacco seedling is as scion;
(2) grafting time: the first tenday period of a month in May;
(3) grafting method: adopt the tongue grafting grafting, be about to scion and stock interface and be whittled into the inclined-plane, close most advanced and sophisticated 2/3 place, separately vertically downward partial application on close most advanced and sophisticated 1/3 place and scion inclined-plane on the stock inclined-plane, dark 1～2cm interleaves scion and stock two tongues and is combined;
(4) connect rear management: carry out field-transplanting behind the grafting survival, and in time grafting is topdressed and water, weed with a hoe and prevention and elimination of disease and pests work.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110387997 CN102498954B (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2011-11-29 | Method for improving K326 flue-cured tobacco variety |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110387997 CN102498954B (en) | 2011-11-29 | 2011-11-29 | Method for improving K326 flue-cured tobacco variety |
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| CN102498954A CN102498954A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
| CN102498954B true CN102498954B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106472138B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2020-10-20 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Management method for optimizing chemical composition of K326 tobacco leaves and improving quality of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN109526433A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 南京八月果农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Akebia kind propagation by grafiting |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007202441A (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-16 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | Method and kit for shortening plant breeding time |
| CN101209014A (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2008-07-02 | 兰绍华 | Tobacco grafting breeding method |
| CN101321455A (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2008-12-10 | 以色列国农业部 | Grafted plants resistant to viral diseases and method for producing the same |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101321455A (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2008-12-10 | 以色列国农业部 | Grafted plants resistant to viral diseases and method for producing the same |
| JP2007202441A (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-16 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | Method and kit for shortening plant breeding time |
| CN101209014A (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2008-07-02 | 兰绍华 | Tobacco grafting breeding method |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 嫁接在烟草远缘杂交中的应用;程昕昕等;《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》;20041230(第04期);376-378 * |
| 张冬生.烟草试管无性杂交.《遗传》.1983,(第06期),17-19. |
| 戴冕等.烟草马铃薯嫁接体中的烟碱积累.《植物生理与分子生物学学报》.1979,第5卷(第03期),287-289. |
| 烟草试管无性杂交;张冬生;《遗传》;19831231(第06期);17-19 * |
| 烟草马铃薯嫁接体中的烟碱积累;戴冕等;《植物生理与分子生物学学报》;19790930;第5卷(第03期);287-289 * |
| 程昕昕等.嫁接在烟草远缘杂交中的应用.《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》.2004,(第04期),376-378. |
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