CN102490240A

CN102490240A - Fiberboard manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: CN102490240A
Application number: CN201110407579XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢力生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-12-09
Filing date: 2011-12-09
Publication date: 2012-06-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing middle and high density fiberboards by using a dry molding process without adding any adhesive or chemical auxiliaries to fibers made from raw material plants. The method comprises the following steps of: chipping timbers or other plant raw materials into wood chips or cutting the timbers or other plant raw materials into small sections; and then separating the wood chips or small sections into fibers; drying the fibers until the water content is 3-15%; next, laying the fibers to form a board blank; hotly pressing the board blank at hot pressing temperature of 160-220 DEG C and at board surface pressure of 5-20 MPa for a certain time (1-2 min per 1mm board thickness); cooling the board blank to a temperature below 140-180 DEG C (at least 20-40 DEG C lower than the original hot pressing temperature) while the original pressure is kept; releasing the pressure and discharging out the board; and finally, cutting edges of the board and sanding the board. The method disclosed by the invention is suitable for various hot presses, in particular for continuous flat hot presses, and has the advantages of high product strength, no free formaldehyde and other harmful substances as well as very good economic benefits and social benefits.

Description

A kind of manufacturing approach of fiberboard

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing approach of fiberboard.Specifically a kind of fiber that with the plant is raw material makes adopts duse process technology to make the method for middle and higher density fiberboard under the situation of not adding any adhesive or chemical assistant.

Background technology

The manufacturing process of fiberboard can be divided into wet method and dry method two major types.In wet processing, need a large amount of water to be used for the shaping of mating formation of slurry conveying and fiber.Because water can impel fiber in hot pressing, to form natural combination, promote the activation of gluey wood substance component and the formation of hydrogen bond, wet processing producd fibers plate can be used or without adhesive less.But the reuse of wet processing waste water and processing are important and insoluble problems of ten minutes.Except that softboard also adopts the wet process technique, wet processing begins to be eliminated gradually the nineties in last century.

Dry technology for production is that carrier carries out the fiber conveying and plate blank paving is shaped with the air; Water consumption is few; Basically there is not waste water pollution problem; And can make the bigger middle and higher density fiberboard of thickness range,, replace wet process technique basically so dry technology for production has obtained development rapidly.But dry technology for production generally all need apply adhesive, we can say " no glue does not become plate ".The technical scheme that dry-process fiberboard manufacturing is at present generally adopted is: raw material is chipped → fiber separation → applying glue to fibers → fiber drying → plate blank paving → hot forming → cutting edge → sanding.The interpolation of adhesive will increase the manufacturing cost of fiberboard undoubtedly.In order to control cost; The urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive that price is lower, can satisfy the product physical and mechanical property is generally adopted in the manufacturing of indoor fiberboard; Use the fiberboard of this adhesive to discharge free formaldehyde for a long time, cause the pollution of indoor environment, influence the healthy of people.

For human beings'health or reduce cost, forefathers have proposed no glue dry-process fiberboard manufacturing approach, can be divided into two major types.Though the first is not added adhesive, need to add chemical assistant, to improve the activity of fiber surface; It two is to think in defibrator process or hot pressing, to make some natural materials in the fiber be converted into the material with adhesive property, and fiber needs preliminary treatment, handles like steam blasting.These two types of manufacturing approaches, its heat pressing process to be all with to have the glue dry-process fiberboard to make identical, promptly behind the hot pressing certain hour without cooling with regard to the release ejecting plate.The no glue dry-process fiberboard manufacturing approach that forefathers proposed; Facts have proved and to produce fiberboard; But the physical and mechanical property of product is compared in addition bigger distance with glue fibre board is arranged, and adds chemical assistant or the fiber preliminary treatment also can increase cost, does not therefore obtain actual production application.

Summary of the invention

From protection environment and reduce cost, the present invention provides a kind of new fiberboard manufacturing approach.Adopt this method producd fibers plate, do not apply adhesive and any chemical assistant, fiber need not carry out any preliminary treatment yet, and product can meet or exceed the physical and mechanical property index of national standard defined.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: 1. timber or other plant material are whittled into wood chip or are cut into segment.2. wood chip or other crushed aggregate of plant are separated into fiber.3. wet fiber is dried to moisture content 3%～15%.4. will do the slab that fiber lay down is dressed up required specification.5. with slab under the condition of 160～220 ℃ of hot pressing temperatures, plate surface pressure 5～20MPa the hot pressing certain hour (every 1mm thickness of slab 1～2min) then keeps original pressure to be cooled to 140 ℃～(at least 20 ℃～40 ℃ lower than former hot pressing temperature) below 180 ℃ release, ejecting plate.6. cutting edge and sanding.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopted and present dry-process fiberboard are produced institute generally the technical scheme major part of employing are identical, mainly contain 2 differences: 1) do not apply adhesive; 2) increased the pressurize temperature-fall period in the heat pressure forming process.The present invention is fit to the fiberboard of production middle and higher density, especially is fit to high density fiberboard, and properties of product are stable, can meet or exceed the physical and mechanical property index of national standard defined.Owing to do not contain adhesive, product does not exist free formaldehyde to discharge problem, and is free from environmental pollution, is fit to very much indoor use.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1

Adopt multi-daylight press compacting dry method not have the glue high density fiberboard.

Timber (comprising brush wood and wood machining residues etc.) is whittled into wood chip; Wood chip separates into fiber by defibrator after boiling is softening; Wet fiber is through pneumatic conveying drying to moisture content 5%～10%; Dried fiber is mated formation into slab and is carried out precompressed and transversal by the air-laid installation; Slab is sent into hot press through loader and under the condition of 180～200 ℃ of temperature, plate surface pressure 7～10MPa, is carried out hot pressing by the time of every 1mm product thickness 1～2min; Then under the constant condition that keep-ups pressure, make it be cooled to about 120 ℃ (the sheet material core layer temperature should be reduced to about 140 ℃) to heating platen feeding running water and get final product release, unlatching, the burr plate is through ejecting plate machine ejecting plate, and cutting edge then, sanding, check are put in storage.Because heating platen need be lowered the temperature and heat up, labor productivity and energy utilization rate can descend to some extent.But owing to do not need adhesive, cost descends, and the Product Green environmental protection, so still have good economic benefits and social benefit.

Embodiment 2

Adopt the no glue high density fiberboard of continuous flat press compacting.

Timber (comprising brush wood and wood machining residues etc.) is whittled into wood chip; Wood chip separates into fiber by defibrator after boiling is softening; Wet fiber is through pneumatic conveying drying to moisture content 3%～6%, and dried fiber is mated formation into slab and carried out precompressed by the air-laid installation, and slab gets into continuous flat press (plate surface pressure 5～10MPa; 180～200 ℃ of 2/3 section platen temperatures of precontract; The about 1/3 section pressing plate in back does not heat and feeds running water and cools off, and slab was controlled by the about 1min of every 1mm product thickness through the time of hot press) the hot pressing cooling forming, after sawing, sanding, check then and put in storage.Owing to carry out continuous hot-press, labor productivity is high; Owing to do not need adhesive, cost descends, and the Product Green environmental protection again.So good economic benefits and social benefit are arranged.

Embodiment 3

With the bluish dogbane bar is that raw material adopts multi-daylight press compacting dry method not have the glue high density fiberboard.

The bluish dogbane bar is cut into segment; After boiling is softening, separate into fiber by defibrator; Wet fiber is through pneumatic conveying drying to moisture content 5%～10%; Dried fiber is mated formation into slab and is carried out precompressed and transversal by the air-laid installation, and slab is sent into hot press through loader and under the condition of 170～190 ℃ of temperature, plate surface pressure 5～10MPa, carried out hot pressing by the time of every 1mm product thickness 1～2min, then under the constant condition that keep-ups pressure, makes it be cooled to about 120 ℃ (the sheet material core layer temperature should be reduced to about 140 ℃) to heating platen feeding running water and gets final product release, unlatching; The burr plate is through ejecting plate machine ejecting plate, and cutting edge then, sanding, check are put in storage.Owing to do not need adhesive, utilized agricultural wastes again, cost is low, and the Product Green environmental protection is so have good economic benefits and social benefit.

Embodiment 4

With the bagasse is that raw material adopts the no glue high density fiberboard of continuous flat press compacting.

Bagasse is broken up, emedullated; The softening back of boiling separates into fiber by defibrator; Wet fiber is through pneumatic conveying drying to moisture content 3%～6%, and dried fiber is mated formation into slab and carried out precompressed by the air-laid installation, and slab gets into continuous flat press (plate surface pressure 5～10MPa; 170～190 ℃ of 2/3 section platen temperatures of precontract; The about 1/3 section pressing plate in back does not heat and feeds running water and cools off, and slab was controlled by the about 1min of every 1mm product thickness through the time of hot press) the hot pressing cooling forming, after sawing, sanding, check then and put in storage.Owing to carry out continuous hot-press, labor productivity is high; Owing to do not need adhesive and be raw material with agricultural wastes, cost is low, the Product Green environmental protection again.So good economic benefits and social benefit are arranged.

Claims

1. new fiberboard manufacturing approach; It is characterized in that timber or other plant fibrous material are whittled into wood chip or cut into chunks; Separate into fiber through boiling, defibrator process then; Mat formation into slab after being dried to moisture content 3%～15%, (every 1mm thickness of slab 1～2min) then keeps original pressure to be cooled to 140 ℃～(at least than low 20 ℃～40 ℃ of former hot pressing temperature) below 180 ℃ release, ejecting plate to hot pressing certain hour under 160 ℃～220 ℃ of temperature and plate surface pressure 5～20MPa condition.

2. according to the said method of claim 1, the manufacturing raw material that it is characterized in that said fiber can be crop stalks such as timber, bamboo wood or bagasse, waste of flax, cotton stalk, straw and straw.

3. according to the said method of claim 1, the separation method that it is characterized in that said fiber can be boiling hot-mill method or blasting procedure etc.

4. according to the said method of claim 1, the equipment that it is characterized in that said hot pressing can be single-layer hot press, multi-daylight press or continuous flat-bed press.

5. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the mode of heating of said hot pressing can steam heating for hot plate Contact Heating, high-frequency heating, heating using microwave or spray.

6. according to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that to increase in the said slab medicaments such as waterproofing agent or anticorrosion, insect protected, fire prevention, flavouring, dyeing.