CN102489874A - Laser pulse control card of laser micro-processing equipment and control method - Google Patents
Laser pulse control card of laser micro-processing equipment and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser pulse control card of laser micro-processing equipment and a control method. The control card comprises a singlechip microcomputer unit, a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) unit, a PC104ISA (Industrial Standard Architecture) bus interface, an external pulse input processing unit and a control signal output processing unit. The control method comprises the steps that a pulse signal generated by an external movement feedback element enters the CPLD unit through the external pulse input processing unit and is quadrupled by the CPLD unit and then transmitted to the singlechip microcomputer unit; the singlechip microcomputer unit is used for carrying out counting and frequency division on the pulse signal transmitted by the CPLD to output a control signal with a certain frequency and adjustable pulse width; and then the control signal is transmitted to a laser Q-switched driver through the control signal output processing unit. The laser pulse control card and the control method disclosed by the invention have the advantages of improving the stability, reducing the area of the control card and realizing precise output of a single laser pulse in an assigned position successfully through coordinated and linked control of the laser pulse control card on an external movement system and the single laser pulse output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Laser Micro-Machining field, refer in particular to a kind of laser pulse control card and control method of Laser Micro-Machining equipment.
Background technology
Tribology theory research and practical applications show that all there is the desirable microstructure pattern that requires optimization of matching with its greasy property in surface of friction pair.In order to realize processing, occurred many micro-processing technologies in succession, and wherein, laser micro-machining technology enjoys great popularity with its excellent characteristics to this surface of friction pair microscopic appearance.
The acousto-optic Q modulation technology is the important technical that obtains single laser pulse output in the Laser Micro-Machining field; After being meant that the laser Q-switching driver receives the driving of external control signal; Provide the radio-frequency power of certain frequency to drive acousto-optic Q-switching; With the mode of modulating the effect of deflected beam is disappeared fast again simultaneously, and then reach the purpose of switch laser.So, a kind ofly meet the requirements, orderly external control signal can realize that single laser pulse clocklike turn-offs and exports.
Through existing technical literature retrieval is found that Chinese application number is 200610039758.1, publication number is that the patent " a kind of laser surface micro molding process " of CN 1857843A has provided the Laser Processing new technology of " pulse with point at interval repeatedly ".This invents proposition; Laser pulse is sent time and the coupling of workpiece rotational time; Promptly in the blanking time of two or more laser pulses, just in time pass by on the workpiece distance between two processing stands; Be implemented in the single laser pulse output on the surface of the work assigned position, this processing technology has reduced the hot negative effect that Laser Processing brings to the full extent.China's application number is 200610040199.6, and publication number is method and the special equipment that the patent " laser micro molding process of surfaces of friction pair parts and equipment " of CN 1857844A has provided micro forming on typical parts with frication pair.This patent proposes utilization encoder to count card the feedback pulse that is installed in the incremental rotary encoder on the rotary table main shaft is counted processing; Output Q-switched switch controlling signal is given the laser Q-switching driver; Control the output of single laser pulse on the workpiece machining surface assigned position, the final realization " pulse with point at interval repeatedly " processing technology.But this patent does not openly realize the technical scheme of the encoder to count card that single laser pulse is exported on assigned position.
Therefore, in the Laser Micro-Machining field, how to use the acousto-optic Q modulation technology that external movement system and single laser pulse output coordinating are linked and be to realize " pulse with point at interval repeatedly " processing technology, improve the key point of suface processing quality; And the external movement feedback element pulse signal of reflection external movement system real time position is carried out autotelic processing, obtaining the outside orderly control signal of laser Q-switching driver promptly is the soul of whole technique.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of laser pulse control card of Laser Micro-Machining equipment; Making it is core with single-chip microcomputer and CPLD (CPLD); Utilization acousto-optic Q modulation technology links external movement system and single laser pulse output coordinating, realizes the accurate output of single laser pulse at the workpiece machining surface assigned position.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of laser pulse control method of Laser Micro-Machining equipment; Carry out after quadruple, counting, frequency division handle through the pulse signal that outside motion feedback element is produced; The control signal of the required frequency of output user, pulsewidth is given the laser Q-switching driver, realizes the processing technology of " pulse with point at interval repeatedly ".
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of laser pulse control card of Laser Micro-Machining equipment comprises single machine unit, CPLD unit, PC104 isa bus interface, external pulse input processing unit and control signal output processing unit; The pulse signal of external movement feedback element output is connected with said CPLD unit through said external pulse input processing unit, and said single machine unit is connected with upper industrial computer with PC104 isa bus interface through said CPLD unit; The control signal of said single machine unit output is connected with the laser Q-switching driver through said control signal output processing unit; The universal signal of exporting on the said CPLD unit is connected with external control circuit through said control signal output processing unit;
Said single machine unit is carried out data interaction through said CPLD unit and upper industrial computer; Said single machine unit receives through the pretreated external pulse signal of CPLD; Count, frequency division handles; The control signal of the required frequency of output user, pulsewidth is controlled the laser Q-switching driver through control signal output processing unit;
The external movement feedback element pulse signal that said CPLD unit transmits said external pulse input processing unit carries out pulse choice and quadruple is handled, and said CPLD unit also is used to realize the high-speed parallel communication between said single-chip microcomputer and the PC104 isa bus interface;
Said external pulse input processing unit is used for the pulse signal of external movement feedback element is carried out being transferred to the CPLD unit after photoelectricity is isolated;
Said control signal output processing unit is used for the control signal that said single-chip microcomputer is exported is carried out sending the laser Q-switching driver to after photoelectricity isolation, the driving amplification, and said control signal output processing unit is responsible for six general output signals of said CPLD unit I/O port are carried out sending external control circuit to after photoelectricity isolation, the driving amplification.
Further; Said high-speed parallel realization of Communication step is: said CPLD unit is deciphered the back with 11 bit address bus signals on the PC104 isa bus interface and is formed the required clock signal of latch with the write signal on the PC104 isa bus interface; And the data of upper industrial computer are latched in CPLD inside through 8 bit data bus on the PC104 isa bus interface, read for single machine unit; Said CPLD unit is deciphered the back with 11 bit address bus signals on the PC104 isa bus interface and is formed the required clock signal of buffer with the read signal on the PC104 isa bus interface; And through 8 bit data bus on the single machine unit with the program running storage of single machine unit in the CPLD internal buffer, supply PC104 isa bus interface to inquire about.
Further, said CPLD unit sends the external clock reference of the pulse signal of single machine unit as the Timer in single-chip microcomputer inside to, and said Timer is used for comparator, is used to realize step-by-step counting, division function; Another inner Timer of said single-chip microcomputer is overflowed interruption as timer, generation, is used to realize exporting the control signal of controlled pulsewidth.
Further, also comprise the accessory system unit, said accessory system unit comprises reset unit and external clock unit; Said reset unit is used for control card and resets, and said external clock unit is used to said single machine unit and the CPLD unit provides input clock.
Further, said external movement feedback element is incremental rotary encoder and linear grating chi.
A kind of laser pulse control method of Laser Micro-Machining equipment may further comprise the steps:
1) instruction of upper industrial computer sends single machine unit to via PC104 isa bus interface and CPLD unit;
2) pulse signal of the external movement feedback element of said CPLD unit reception external pulse input processing unit input carries out sending single machine unit to after pulse choice, the quadruple processing;
3) said single machine unit is according to user instruction, the software interrupt of using its internal timing/counter to produce, to the pulse signal of transmission through said CPLD unit count, frequency division handles the control signal of output required frequency of user and pulsewidth;
4) said control signal passes to the laser Q-switching driver through control signal output processing unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use embedded scm, compare with 51 traditional single-chip microcomputers, its performance is more superior, and inside has comprised multiple functions such as electrification reset, pulsewidth modulation, internal electric source;
Adopt the CPLD technology that hardware address is deciphered planning, guaranteed sufficient hardware address, and CPLD can replace traditional circuit; Accomplish required logical operation function; Dwindle the area of laser pulse control card, reduced the cost of manufacture of integrated circuit board, and improved the stability of system;
In realization and upper industrial computer real-time Communication for Power; Feedback pulse signal to reflection external movement system real time position carries out real-time processing; Export required control signal and give the laser Q-switching driver; In conjunction with the acousto-optic Q modulation technology, external movement system and single laser pulse output coordinating are joined together, finally successfully realize of the accurate output of single laser pulse at the workpiece machining surface assigned position.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a described CPLD unit pulse choice schematic diagram of the function;
Fig. 4 is a described CPLD unit quadruple schematic diagram of the function;
Fig. 5 is that described single machine unit realizes control signal output principle figure;
Fig. 6 is that described single machine unit realizes control signal output procedure figure;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of described control signal output processing unit;
Fig. 8 is a motion control flow chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with technical scheme of the present invention; Provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1; The laser pulse control card of described a kind of Laser Micro-Machining equipment comprises: single machine unit, CPLD unit, PC104 isa bus interface, external pulse input processing unit, control signal output processing unit, accessory system unit, wherein:
Single machine unit links to each other with CPLD unit, control signal output processing unit, accessory system unit respectively; The CPLD unit links to each other with PC104 isa bus interface, single machine unit, external pulse input processing unit, control signal output processing unit, accessory system unit respectively; The The whole control cartoon is crossed PC104 isa bus interface and is linked to each other with upper industrial computer; The pulse signal of external movement feedback element output gets into the CPLD unit through the external pulse input processing unit, and the universal signal of exporting on control signal of exporting on the single machine unit and the CPLD unit is connected with external control circuit with the laser Q-switching driver through control signal output processing unit.
The model that single machine unit adopts atmel corp to produce is the chip of ATMEGA128, carries out data interaction through the CPLD unit via PC104 isa bus interface and upper industrial computer; Flash memory and data storage that single-chip microcomputer is inner are responsible for stocking system program and program running data respectively; Single machine unit receives the pretreated external movement feedback element pulse signal through the CPLD unit, and to its count, frequency division handles, and finally exports the control signal of required frequency, pulsewidth.
The CPLD unit is that the model that an ALTERA company produces is the chip of EPM7128SLC84-15N, and its most of I/O pin links to each other with the pulse signal of PC104 isa bus interface, single-chip processor i/o pin and the output of external movement feedback element.Communicate by letter with the high-speed parallel of PC104 isa bus interface according to the logical operation function realization single machine unit of its inside in the CPLD unit; The incremental rotary encoder of external movement system input and the pulse signal of linear grating chi are also handled in the CPLD unit, and finally are transferred to single machine unit; Six universal signal outputs are arranged on the CPLD unit, be used to control external circuit.
PC104 isa bus interface is responsible for the data interaction of The whole control integrated circuit board and upper industrial computer, and the data of upper industrial computer get into the CPLD unit through PC104 isa bus interface, get into single-chip microcomputer again; If single-chip microcomputer is to upper industrial computer transmission data, data then feed back to upper industrial computer via CPLD unit and PC104 isa bus interface.
The operate as normal of single machine unit and CPLD unit is mainly kept in the system supplymentary unit, comprising: reset unit, external clock unit, jtag interface unit.Wherein: reset unit is just to have powered on or upper industrial computer when giving the control card reset command at control card, and control card is resetted; The external clock unit is to be that single machine unit and CPLD unit provide input clock through the external clock oscillating circuit; JTAG (combined testing action group standard) interface unit is ISP (In-System Programmable, the online programming) function that realizes single machine unit, and Rapid Realization is erasable to the single-chip microcomputer internal processes.
As shown in Figure 2, during said CPLD unit was realized single machine unit and the high-speed parallel of PC104 isa bus interface is communicated by letter, PC104 isa bus interface was used 8 bit data bus D [0-7]; 11 bit address bus A [0-10] and read-write IOR, IOW.In the single machine unit part, use I/O port PA [0-5], PC [0-7], PE [0-7] and external interrupt INT0, wherein I/O port PA [0-5] and PC [0-7] are defined as input, and I/O port PE [0-7] is defined as output.The CPLD unit realizes that the internal logic calculation function that single machine unit is communicated by letter with the high-speed parallel of PC104 isa bus interface is equivalent to latch (74377A) and buffer (74244); The CPLD unit is deciphered the back with 11 bit address bus signals on the PC104 isa bus interface and is formed the required clock signal of latch 2 (74377A) with the write signal on the PC104 isa bus interface; Through 8 bit data bus on the PC104 isa bus interface with upper industrial computer user instruction address latch low four at latch 2 (74377A); Different addresses corresponding data content then is written in the latch 3 (74377A), reads for single machine unit; The CPLD unit is deciphered the back with 11 bit address bus signals on the PC104 isa bus interface and is formed the required clock signal of buffer (74244) with the read signal on the PC104 isa bus interface; Through 8 bit data bus on the single machine unit with the storage of single machine unit in buffer (74244), inquire about for PC104 isa bus interface.
Single machine unit and PC104 isa bus interface both sides' real-time communication is stronger, and data volume is little, and single machine unit adopts the mode of interrupting to receive data.A signal in high two signals of latch 2 (74377A) output is exported to the external interrupt INT0 of single machine unit, and this interrupts for writing data interruption.When interruption 0 was useful signal, single machine unit will read and be latched in the inner data in CPLD unit, and it is write in the single machine unit.The CPLD unit is deciphered the back with 11 bit address bus signals on the PC104 isa bus interface and is formed the required clock signal of latch 1 (74377A) with the write signal on the PC104 isa bus interface; Upper industrial computer user data IA is latched in the latch 1 (74377A) low six six universal signal outputs that realize the CPLD unit of latch 1 (74377A) output signal through 8 bit data bus on the PC104 isa bus interface.
As shown in Figure 2, the external pulse signal processing function of described CPLD unit comprises pulse choice and pulse signal quadruple.After the inner 2-4 decoder for decoding in high two signals process CPLD unit of CPLD unit internal lock storage 1 (74377A) output; Form control signal sequential 1, control signal sequential 2, control signal sequential 3 and control signal sequential 4; This four tunnel control signals sequential respectively with the A phase signals of external movement feedback element pulse signal carry out with, again through or realize the pulse choice function behind the door.Be illustrated in figure 3 as the A phase pulse signal and select sketch map, it also is like this that the B phase pulse signal is selected principle.Characteristics (phase difference of A, B two phase signals is 90 °) according to external movement feedback element output pulse signal; The CPLD unit adopts XOR to realize pulse signal quadruple function; Be illustrated in figure 4 as pulse signal quadruple functional schematic; After the A of external movement feedback element, B two phase signals are just triggering double D trigger (7474) and three XOR gates through two, output quadruple pulse signal.The pulse signal that the external movement feedback element produces gets into the CPLD unit, gets into quadruplicated frequency circuit through behind the pulse selecting circuit, and finally exports one road pulse signal and give single machine unit, and this one road pulse signal reflects the variation of external movement alliance in real time.
As shown in Figure 5; Said single machine unit uses inner 16 bit timings/counter 1 and 16 bit timings/counter 3 to realize the output of certain frequency, pulse-width control signal; The I/O pin of the single-chip microcomputer of using has PD6 (T1) and PB5 (OC1A), and wherein PD6 (T1) is the counting input source of 16 bit timings/counter 1; PB5 (OC1A) is the output of 16 bit timings/counter 1 output comparison module.The pulse signal that the CPLD unit sends connects single-chip processor i/o port PD6 (T1), as the external clock reference of 16 bit timings/counter 1.As shown in Figure 6; Single machine unit realizes that the process of required control signal output is such: single machine unit receives the pulse signal that the CPLD unit sends; Just begin the PB5 port and be set to low level; The inner output of single machine unit comparand register continues to make comparisons with the count value of the data register of Timer 1, when both are complementary, produces a comparison match interruption; The incident of the required processing of this comparison match interrupt requests is that the PB5 output port is set to high level, enables overflowing interruption and switching to counting, the frequency division preparation of pulse signals next time of Timer 3.When the PB5 port is set to high level and has enabled have no progeny in the overflowing of Timer 3; After the register count value of Timer 3 is overflowed; Will produce one and overflow interruption; This overflow incident that interrupt requests need handle exactly the PB5 port be set to low level, between output control signal high period, will play required timing function so.Requirement according to output control signal frequency and pulsewidth; Set the value and the count value of Timer 3 data registers of the output comparand register of Timer 1, repeat above-mentioned process and just can export certain frequency, control signal that pulsewidth is adjustable at the PB5 port.
The external pulse input processing unit sends the pulse signal of the incremental rotary encoder of outside input and linear grating chi to the CPLD unit, described photoelectricity spacing output circuit employing optic coupling element 6N135 after through the photoelectricity spacing output circuit.
As shown in Figure 7; Control signal output processing unit is transferred to laser Q-switching driver and external control circuit with six universal signals exporting on the control signal of single-chip microcomputer PB5 port output and the CPLD unit through the photoelectricity spacing output circuits, after driving amplifying circuit; Described photoelectricity spacing output circuit adopts optic coupling element 6N135 and TLP521, and described driving amplifying circuit adopts MC1413 to drive the amplification chip.
As shown in Figure 8, during present embodiment work, the data of upper industrial computer and work order send single machine unit via PC104 isa bus interface to through the CPLD unit; The passing through of the program running data in real time of single machine unit feeds back to upper industrial computer via PC104 isa bus interface in the CPLD unit.The CPLD unit receives the pulse signal of the external movement feedback element (incremental rotary encoder and linear grating chi) of reflection external movement system real time position, and it is carried out sending single machine unit to after pulse choice, the quadruple.Single machine unit to this pulse signal count, after frequency division handles; The control signal that output frequency is certain, pulsewidth is adjustable; Finally send the laser Q-switching driver to by control signal output processing unit; In conjunction with the acousto-optic Q modulation technology coordination linkage control is carried out in the output of outside kinematic system and single laser pulse, successfully realized of the accurate output of single laser pulse at assigned position.
Claims (6)
1. the laser pulse control card of a Laser Micro-Machining equipment; Comprise single machine unit, CPLD unit, PC104 isa bus interface, external pulse input processing unit and control signal output processing unit; It is characterized in that: the pulse signal of external movement feedback element output is connected with said CPLD unit through said external pulse input processing unit, and said single machine unit is connected with upper control machine with PC104 isa bus interface through said CPLD unit; The universal signal of exporting on the control signal of said single machine unit output and the CPLD unit is connected with the laser Q-switching driver through control signal output processing unit;
Said single machine unit is carried out data interaction through said CPLD unit and upper industrial computer; Said single machine unit receives through the pretreated external pulse signal of CPLD; Count, frequency division handles; The control signal of the required frequency of output user, pulsewidth is controlled the laser Q-switching driver through control signal output processing unit;
The external movement feedback element pulse signal that said CPLD unit transmits said external pulse input processing unit carries out pulse choice and quadruple is handled; Said CPLD unit also is used to realize the high-speed parallel communication between said single-chip microcomputer and the PC104 isa bus interface;
Said external pulse input processing unit is used for the pulse signal of external movement feedback element is carried out being transferred to the CPLD unit after photoelectricity is isolated;
Said control signal output processing unit is used for the control signal that said single-chip microcomputer is exported is carried out sending the laser Q-switching driver to after photoelectricity isolation, the driving amplification, and said control signal output processing unit is responsible for six general output signals of said CPLD unit I/O port are carried out sending external control circuit to after photoelectricity isolation, the driving amplification.
2. the laser pulse control card of a kind of Laser Micro-Machining equipment according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said high-speed parallel realization of Communication step is: said CPLD unit is deciphered the back with 11 bit address bus signals on the PC104 isa bus interface and is formed the required clock signal of latch with the write signal on the PC104 isa bus interface; And the data of upper industrial computer are latched in CPLD inside through 8 bit data bus on the PC104 isa bus interface, read for single machine unit; Said CPLD unit is deciphered the back with 11 bit address bus signals on the PC104 isa bus interface and is formed the required clock signal of buffer with the read signal on the PC104 isa bus interface; And through 8 bit data bus on the single machine unit with the program running storage of single machine unit in the CPLD internal buffer, supply PC104 isa bus interface to inquire about.
3. the laser pulse control card of a kind of Laser Micro-Machining equipment according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said CPLD unit sends the external clock reference of the pulse signal of single machine unit as the Timer in single-chip microcomputer inside to; Said Timer is used for comparator, is used to realize step-by-step counting, division function; Another inner Timer of said single-chip microcomputer is overflowed interruption as timer, generation, is used to realize exporting the control signal of controlled pulsewidth.
4. the laser pulse control card of a kind of Laser Micro-Machining equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the accessory system unit, and said accessory system unit comprises reset unit and external clock unit; Said reset unit is used for control card and resets, and said external clock unit is used to said single machine unit and the CPLD unit provides input clock.
5. the laser pulse control card of a kind of Laser Micro-Machining equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said external movement feedback element is incremental rotary encoder and linear grating chi.
6. the laser pulse control method of a Laser Micro-Machining equipment is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) instruction of upper industrial computer sends single machine unit to via PC104 isa bus interface and CPLD unit;
2) pulse signal of the external movement feedback element of said CPLD unit reception external pulse input processing unit input carries out sending single machine unit to after pulse choice, the quadruple processing;
3) said single machine unit is according to user instruction, the software interrupt of using its internal timing/counter to produce, to the pulse signal of transmission through said CPLD unit count, frequency division handles the control signal of output required frequency of user and pulsewidth;
4) said control signal passes to the laser Q-switching driver through control signal output processing unit.
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Application publication date: 20120613 |