CN102487930A - Method for killing root knot nematode by microwaves in full-childbearing peroid of crops - Google Patents
Method for killing root knot nematode by microwaves in full-childbearing peroid of crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487930A CN102487930A CN201110438123XA CN201110438123A CN102487930A CN 102487930 A CN102487930 A CN 102487930A CN 201110438123X A CN201110438123X A CN 201110438123XA CN 201110438123 A CN201110438123 A CN 201110438123A CN 102487930 A CN102487930 A CN 102487930A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for killing root knot nematode by microwave in a full-childbearing peroid of crops. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) detecting distribution of root knot nematode; (2) determining that the moisture content of soil containing the root knot nematode to be 15-25 percent according to the detections step (1); (3) manufacturing a microwave irradiator for later use; (4) horizontally and intermittently irradiating by adopting microwaves for killing the root knot nematode; (5) starting the microwave irradiator, selecting the microwave frequency to be 915MHz, intermittently irradiating for 2-6 times, wherein the irradiation time each time is 30-80s; (6) respectively taking 100g of irradiated soil at the soil depths of 3-5cm, 8-10cm, 18-20cm and 28-30cm, collecting the root knot nematode by adopting a sucrose gradient centrifugation method, and microscopically examining that the root knot nematode bodies are stiff after dyeing. The method disclosed by the invention is used for killing the root knot nematode by adopting a physical method, has no any pollution to crops and soil and no any influence on growth of crops and has excellent root knot nematode killing effect, thereby being capable of really ensuring the safety of vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control of agricultural pest method, is the method that a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility is killed root-knot nematode.
Background technology
Root-knot nematode in the soil is a kind of extremely difficult disease of killing.Root-knot nematode is also regarded as one type of pathogen of serious harm plant by the agricultural production of various countries, the whole world.Root-knot nematode is infected plant root, mainly infects lateral root and the fibrous root of plant, makes plant root form ball warty root knot; And then destruction plant root tissue; Influence growth and development of plant, cause that the plant shoot plant strain growth is slow, short and small, the leaf color anomaly, until stopping growing.Research shows that it is that 25 ℃-30 ℃, water content are to breed in about 20% the soil that root-knot nematode is suitable at soil temperature; The temperature and humidity of green house is particularly suitable for breeding and the growth of root-knot nematode; Therefore, breeding is general and long-standing in the soil of root knot nematode disease in the green house of China.The long-term continuously green house of plantation particularly, the incidence of disease of root-knot nematode increases year by year, year underproduction about 20% usually, up to about 75%, even total crop failure causes serious economy loss when serious.Because root-knot nematode fertility is extremely strong, the female adult worm 300-800 grain of once laying eggs year takes place 5-10 generation, can breed a generation in about 17 days when condition is suitable, causes root-knot nematode to be exceedingly fast in the spread speed of green house.
The method of killing root-knot nematode at present mainly contains following several kinds: 1. chemical method.That is: wide pesticide grown, though this method to the effect preferably of having killed of root-knot nematode; The toxicity of medicine is very big, and particularly the drug resistance of root-knot nematode causes using highly toxic pesticide in a large number; Drug toxicity gets into plant through soil; Make the pesticide residue in the vegetables high, human long-term edible this type vegetables have great infringement to organs such as the liver of human body, kidneys.Simultaneously, the high toxicity agricultural chemicals in the soil also can polluted source, and people and animals are produced harm; 2. bioanalysis.In order to improve the safety of food; Those skilled in the art provide with bioanalysis and have killed root-knot nematode; This method adopts the natural enemy of root-knot nematode to kill root-knot nematode, still, so the reason that this method only can not be promoted the use of is to lack biological prevention and control agent; Therefore, kill root-knot nematode with bioanalysis and only rest on conceptual phase at present.All there is wretched insufficiency in above-mentioned the whole bag of tricks, causes the crop medicament residue problem in the greenhouse can't solve always, and " the malicious vegetables " of common indication can't eradicate in the life, and food security can't guarantee.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to; Provide a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility to kill the method for root-knot nematode; It adopts physical method to kill root-knot nematode, and this method does not have any pollution to crop and soil, and plant growth is had no effect; Kill the root-knot nematode works very well, thereby can really guarantee the safety of vegetables.
The present invention is for realizing above-mentioned purpose, and realize through following technical scheme: a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility is killed the method for root-knot nematode, comprises the steps:
1. detect the distribution of root-knot nematode: get that plant is short and small, the plant of leaf look jaundice is as seized plant; A large amount of root nodules appear in this plant root; Microscopy is found to contain a large amount of root-knot nematodes in its root nodule; Get 0-30 centimetre of dark soil and do the root-knot nematode separation test, find that the root-knot nematode distribution density is maximum in 0-15 centimetre soil;
2. detecting step, 1. to confirm to contain the water content of root-knot nematode soil be 15-25%;
3. it is subsequent use to prepare the microwave irradiation machine: the microwave irradiation machine has housing 1, and through hole 3 is offered in housing 1 bottom surface, and microwave emitter 2, soil detector 6 and controller 7 are installed in the housing 1; Microwave emitter 2 is connected with controller 7 respectively with soil detector 6; In housing 1 bottom surface, through hole 3 places install microwave irradiation cavity 4, microwave irradiation cavity 4 perisporiums and bottom interconnect and are closed, top is uncovered and is communicated with through hole 3; Offer several micro through-holes 5 on the perisporium of microwave irradiation cavity 4; Housing 1 one sides are installed the plant protection reflection unit, and the plant protection reflection unit has a dividing plate 12 that is connected with housing 1, and dividing plate 12 bottoms are connected with baffle 9; Offer plant protection through hole 11 on the baffle 9, baffle 9 outer ends are 90 ° with reflecting plate 10 and are connected;
4. adopt the horizontal intermittent irradiation of microwave to kill root-knot nematode: with step 3. described in microwave irradiation cavity 4 insert soil depth 5-20 centimeters; Microwave irradiation cavity 4 is positioned at plant root one side; With vegetative period plant pass plant protection through hole 11, reflecting plate 10 is inserted soil depth 5-20 centimeters;
5. open the microwave irradiation machine, get microwave frequency 915MHz, intermittent irradiation 2-6 time shines 30-80 second at every turn;
6. respectively get the illuminated soil of 100g soil 3-5 centimetre, 8-10 centimetre, 18-20 centimetre and 28-30 centimetre of depths, adopt sucrose gradient centrifugation to collect root-knot nematode, the polypide of dyed back microscopy root-knot nematode is stiff.
The center line of the microwave irradiation cavity 4 of step described in 3. and the distance L between reflecting plate 10 inwalls are 10-30 centimetre.
The each irradiated area of step described in 5. is every kilowatt of irradiated area 300-800cm
2
The intermittent irradiation of step described in 5. is: irradiation earlier 30～120 seconds, stop 30～120 seconds again, and so circulation, total irradiation time is 1～5 minute.
The microwave irradiation cavity 4 of step described in 3. is tapered, conical lower portion perisporium arranged outside soil fluting sword 14.
The distance H of the micro through-hole of microwave irradiation cavity 4 topmosts and soil fluting sword 14 bottoms is 6-25 centimetre.
Research shows that the molecule in the root-knot nematode body produces distortion and vibration under the effect of microwave electromagnetic field, cell membrane function is affected, and up to membranolysis, loses physiological function, produces non-thermal effect.And the heat that microwave irradiation produces; Field energy at alternating electric field is converted into the heat energy in the medium, and medium temperature is constantly raise, when with the microwave irradiation root-knot nematode; Microwave makes root-knot nematode produce fuel factor; At this moment, the moisture in the soil also can be because of the mutual a large amount of heats of friction generates, and both stacks give root-knot nematode with havoc.The non-thermal effect acting in conjunction that fuel factor that microwave irradiation produces and root-knot nematode produce after by microwave irradiation causes root-knot nematode to be killed.
Because the death of root-knot nematode is to receive the fuel factor of microwave and the coefficient result of non-thermal effect of itself.Behind microwave irradiation, stop a period of time making heat transmission diffusion, irradiation again is until root-knot nematode death under microwave heating effect and non-thermal effect acting in conjunction.The inventive method adopts the microwave intermittent irradiation to kill root-knot nematode; Reach 100% kill the root-knot nematode purpose in, kept illuminated soil to be in low-temperature condition, this temperature is generally below 45 ℃; Reduced influence, and do not influenced the growth of crop beneficial microbe group in the soil.
Because it is fast that root-knot nematode has reproduction speed; Infect characteristics such as scope is wide, therefore, the invention provides the method that a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility is killed root-knot nematode; At any time kill the purpose of root-knot nematode to reach crop, particularly vegetables at growing period, guarantee the not underproduction of crop.This method is to kill root-knot nematode the time of infertility crop, kills root-knot nematode according to the method described in the present invention, and its eradicative rate reaches 100%, and does not influence any growth of crop.Method of the present invention is to kill root-knot nematode with pure physical method, crop, soil, water source etc. is not all had any pollution, for green vegetables production provides real safety guarantee.
A kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility of the present invention is killed the method for root-knot nematode, and it is remarkable to kill the root-knot nematode effect through the field experiment proof:
The field experiment data are following:
1, area 900.0m experimental field
2, this inner greenhouse ground gesture is smooth, and water and fertilizer management is consistent, and root knot nematode disease takes place serious throughout the year.
2, the cucumber field planting finds after 30 days that plant strain growth is slow, and blade is less, the jaundice of leaf look; Root is the fibrous root root nodule that occurs differing in size especially.Get the interior dark soil of 0-30cm of this booth and carry out the root-knot nematode separation test, find that root-knot nematode is distributed in the 0-15cm soil layer more.Select this moment that ill cucumber is carried out the microwave irradiation test.
3, preparation microwave irradiation machine is subsequent use: the microwave irradiation machine has housing 1, and through hole 3 is offered in housing 1 bottom surface, and microwave emitter 2, soil detector 6 and controller 7 are installed in the housing 1; Microwave emitter 2 is connected with controller 7 respectively with soil detector 6; In housing 1 bottom surface, through hole 3 places install microwave irradiation cavity 4, microwave irradiation cavity 4 perisporiums and bottom interconnect and are closed, top is uncovered and is communicated with through hole 3; Offer several micro through-holes 5 on the perisporium of microwave irradiation cavity 4; Housing 1 one sides are installed the plant protection reflection unit, and the plant protection reflection unit has a dividing plate 12 that is connected with housing 1, and dividing plate 12 bottoms are connected with baffle 9; Offer plant protection through hole 11 on the baffle 9, baffle 9 outer ends are 90 ° with reflecting plate 10 and are connected;
4, microwave irradiation cavity 4 is inserted soil depth 15 centimeters; Microwave irradiation cavity 4 is positioned at cucumber root one side; Cucumber is passed plant protection through hole 11, and reflecting plate 10 is inserted soil depth 15 centimeters, and the distance L between the center line of microwave irradiation cavity 4 and reflecting plate 10 inwalls is 25 centimetres.
5, open the microwave irradiation machine, get microwave frequency 915MHz, every kilowatt of irradiated area 400cm
2
6, illumination scheme: adopt the intermittent irradiation mode to be respectively:
is according to 60s; Stop 30s, according to 60s;
is according to 60s; Stop 30s, repeat 3 times;
is according to 80s; Stop 30s, repeat 3 times;
is according to 60s; Stop 30s, repeat 5 times; 5. non-irradiated blank; Totally four exposure experiment groups.
7, each exposure experiment group triplicate, getting the mean value that repeats for three times is foundation, relatively the insect killing effect of root-knot nematode.
8, detection method: each 100g of illuminated soil that gets 3-5cm, 8-10cm, the 13-15cm degree of depth respectively.Fully randomly draw the 100g sample again behind the mixing, the root-knot nematode in this sample of separated and collected, dyed back microscopy, the lethality of record root-knot nematode.
9, when soil moisture content is 15%, 25%, make an experiment by such scheme respectively, its result is following.
10, microwave irradiation is to the influence test of raise crop
This is tested used cucumber seedling and educates by aseptic nutrition earth culture, is colonizated in when selecting two leaves wholeheartedly in the soil behind the microwave irradiation, and cultivation method and way to manage are all carried out according to routine in the process of the test.Through observing the cucumber growing way, estimate microwave and kill the influence of the process of root-knot nematode crop.
11, result of the test such as following table
When 12, microwave energy is killed root-knot nematode soil beneficial microbe group killed the test of situation
Kill bacterium, fungi, actinomycetic situation of change in method one, the detection irradiation back soil.
Specific practice is following: ⑴ gets each 60Kg of soil of 0-20cm at random from three experimental plots of above-mentioned blank, and altogether 180Kg is divided into 18 components after with its abundant mixing, and every component is 10Kg and random number.
⑵ take the batch microwave irradiation to shine;
is according to 60s; Stop 30s, according to 60s;
is according to 60s; Stop 30s, repeat 3 times;
is according to 80s; Stop 30s, repeat 3 times; 4. according to 60s, stop 30s, repeat 5 times; The blank control group of 5. not shining, every kind of situation triplicate is got its mean value.
⑶ the frequency in irradiating microwaves source is 915MHz; Every kilowatt of irradiated area is 400cm
2
⑷ microbiologic population detection method:
From each process element, get 10g respectively, and be used for detecting with aseptic manipulation collection soil sample 10g again behind the mixing separately.For example: the sample that from 1,2, No. 3 soil sample, takes out is 1 component in the table 3; The sample that from 4,5, No. 6 soil samples, takes out is 2 components in the table 3, and the like.
Pour into respectively in the aseptic triangular flask of 5 500mL detecting soil sample, add sterile glass beads, under sterile working, measure the 90mL sterile water respectively and pour in 5 aseptic triangular flasks, seal.The 30min that in the shaken cultivation case of 150r/min, vibrates again leaves standstill 10min, gets its supernatant and carries out gradient dilution.Each bacterium of handling in the soil sample is adopted 10
-5, 10
-6, 10
-7Three gradient dilutions; Actinomycetes are adopted: 10
-2, 10
-3, 10
-4Three gradient dilutions; Fungi adopts 10
-1, 10
-2, 10
-3Three gradient dilutions.Bacterium is selected beef-protein medium for use, 28 ℃ of dark culturing 24h; Actinomycetes are adopted Gause I synthetic medium, 28 ℃ of dark culturing 45h; Fungi is adopted Martin-rose bengal medium, 33 ℃ of dark culturing 24h.Bacterium colony to turning out counts, adds up; Bacterium, actinomycetes and fungi quantity sum are microbial count.
⑸ testing result is seen table 3.
Can be found out by last table: total irradiation time 4min ratio reaches to be killed the required total irradiation time 3min of root-knot nematode fully and has grown 33%, and this moment, temperature was 63 ℃.Kill root-knot nematode irradiation back temperature generally about 48 ℃ according to this method, can not produce harmful effect to the beneficial microbe in the soil this moment.Even temperature reaches 63 ℃ soil beneficial microorganism eradicative rate also is merely 4%.
Method two, 13,14, No. 15 soil samples of No. 5 components of above-mentioned test (total irradiation time 5min) are put into 3 flowerpots respectively plant cucumber, grow fine through observing cucumber, no abnormal.
13, conclusion: evidence: can fast and convenient, free of contaminationly kill root-knot nematode fully with the microwave irradiation method time of infertility crop, under the situation that total irradiation time is no more than 5 minutes, raise crop and soil beneficial microbe group not had obvious harmful effect.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 be a kind of crop of the present invention kill the time of infertility step in the method for root-knot nematode 3. in the structural representation of microwave irradiation machine.
Embodiment
A kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility of the present invention is killed the method for root-knot nematode, comprises the steps:
1. detect the distribution of root-knot nematode: get that plant is short and small, the plant of leaf look jaundice is as seized plant; A large amount of root nodules appear in this plant root; Microscopy is found to contain a large amount of root-knot nematodes in its root nodule; Get 0-30 centimetre of dark soil and do the root-knot nematode separation test, find that the root-knot nematode distribution density is maximum in 0-15 centimetre soil;
2. detecting the water content that 1. step define root-knot nematode soil is 15-25%;
3. it is subsequent use to prepare the microwave irradiation machine: the microwave irradiation machine has housing 1, and through hole 3 is offered in housing 1 bottom surface, and microwave emitter 2, soil temperature and humidity detector 6 and controller 7 are installed in the housing 1; Microwave emitter 2 is connected with controller 7 respectively with soil temperature and humidity detector 6; In housing 1 bottom surface, through hole 3 places install microwave irradiation cavity 4, microwave irradiation cavity 4 perisporiums and bottom interconnect and are closed, top is uncovered and is communicated with through hole 3; Offer several micro through-holes 5 on the perisporium of microwave irradiation cavity 4; Housing 1 one sides are installed the plant protection reflection unit, and the plant protection reflection unit has a dividing plate 12 that is connected with housing 1, and dividing plate 12 bottoms are connected with baffle 9; Offer plant protection through hole 11 on the baffle 9, baffle 9 outer ends are 90 ° with reflecting plate 10 and are connected;
4. adopt the horizontal intermittent irradiation of microwave to kill root-knot nematode: with step 3. described in microwave irradiation cavity 4 insert soil depth 5-20 centimeters; Microwave irradiation cavity 4 is positioned at plant root one side; With vegetative period plant pass plant protection through hole 11, reflecting plate 10 is inserted soil depth 5-20 centimeters;
5. open the microwave irradiation machine, get microwave frequency 915MHz, intermittent irradiation 2-6 time shines 30-80 second at every turn;
6. respectively get the illuminated soil of 100g soil 3-5 centimetre, 8-10 centimetre, 18-20 centimetre and 28-30 centimetre of depths, adopt sucrose gradient centrifugation to collect root-knot nematode, the polypide of dyed back microscopy root-knot nematode is stiff, promptly dead state.
The center line of the microwave irradiation cavity 4 of step according to the invention described in 3. and the distance L between reflecting plate 10 inwalls are 10-30 centimetre; When this distance can return microwave reflection to crop root through reflecting plate when having guaranteed the irradiation of microwave level, other crop there is not influence.
The each irradiated area of step according to the invention described in 5. is every kilowatt of irradiated area 300-800cm
2, can guarantee that under this irradiated area eradicative rate reaches 100%, and further increase work efficiency.
The present invention adopts the preferred version of intermittent irradiation to be: the intermittent irradiation of step described in 5. is: the intermittent irradiation of step described in 5. is: irradiation earlier 30～120 seconds, stop 30～120 seconds again, and so circulation, total irradiation time is 0.5～5 minute.
The present invention is designed to taper with the microwave irradiation cavity 4 of step described in 3., at conical lower portion perisporium arranged outside soil fluting sword 14, has improved operation convenience, and faster when getting into soil.
The method that crop microwave in the time of infertility of the present invention is killed root-knot nematode is 6-25 centimetre with the micro through-hole of microwave irradiation cavity 4 topmosts and the distance H of soil fluting sword 14 bottoms; Guaranteed that microwave gets in the soil through the whole levels of micro through-hole, has further practiced thrift the energy.
Crop microwave in the time of infertility of the present invention is killed the method for root-knot nematode, and following multiple embodiment can be arranged:
1. detect the distribution of root-knot nematode: get that plant is short and small, the plant of leaf look jaundice is as seized plant; A large amount of root nodules appear in this plant root; Microscopy is found to contain a large amount of root-knot nematodes in its root nodule; Get 0-30 centimetre of dark soil and do the root-knot nematode separation test, find that the root-knot nematode distribution density is maximum in 0-15 centimetre soil;
2. detecting step, 1. to confirm to contain the water content of root tie lines soil be 15%;
3. it is subsequent use to prepare the microwave irradiation machine: the microwave irradiation machine has housing 1, and through hole 3 is offered in housing 1 bottom surface, and microwave emitter 2, soil detector 6 and controller 7 are installed in the housing 1; Microwave emitter 2 is connected with controller 7 respectively with soil detector 6; In housing 1 bottom surface, through hole 3 places install microwave irradiation cavity 4, microwave irradiation cavity 4 perisporiums and bottom interconnect and are closed, top is uncovered and is communicated with through hole 3; Offer several micro through-holes 5 on the perisporium of microwave irradiation cavity 4; Housing 1 one sides are installed the plant protection reflection unit, and the plant protection reflection unit has a dividing plate 12 that is connected with housing 1, and dividing plate 12 bottoms are connected with baffle 9; Offer plant protection through hole 11 on the baffle 9, baffle 9 outer ends are 90 ° with reflecting plate 10 and are connected;
4. adopt the horizontal intermittent irradiation of microwave to kill root-knot nematode: with step 3. described in microwave irradiation cavity 4 insert soil depth 6 centimeters that root-knot nematode distributes; Microwave irradiation cavity 4 is positioned at plant root one side; Plant is passed plant protection through hole 11, and reflecting plate 10 is inserted soil depth 6 centimeters;
5. open the microwave irradiation machine, get microwave frequency 915MHz, intermittent irradiation 4 times shone 50 seconds at every turn;
6. respectively get the illuminated soil of 100g soil 3-5 centimetre, 8-10 centimetre, 18-20 centimetre and 28-30 centimetre of depths, adopt sucrose gradient centrifugation to collect root-knot nematode, the polypide of dyed back microscopy root-knot nematode is stiff, promptly dead state.
1. detect the distribution of root-knot nematode: get that plant is short and small, the plant of leaf look jaundice is as seized plant; A large amount of root nodules appear in this plant root; Microscopy is found to contain a large amount of root-knot nematodes in its root nodule; Get 0-30 centimetre of dark soil and do the root-knot nematode separation test, find that the root-knot nematode distribution density is maximum in 0-15 centimetre soil;
2. detecting step, 1. to confirm to contain the water content of root tie lines soil be 25%;
3. it is subsequent use to prepare the microwave irradiation machine: the microwave irradiation machine has housing 1, and through hole 3 is offered in housing 1 bottom surface, and microwave emitter 2, soil detector 6 and controller 7 are installed in the housing 1; Microwave emitter 2 is connected with controller 7 respectively with soil detector 6; In housing 1 bottom surface, through hole 3 places install microwave irradiation cavity 4, microwave irradiation cavity 4 perisporiums and bottom interconnect and are closed, top is uncovered and is communicated with through hole 3; Offer several micro through-holes 5 on the perisporium of microwave irradiation cavity 4; Housing 1 one sides are installed the plant protection reflection unit, and the plant protection reflection unit has a dividing plate 12 that is connected with housing 1, and dividing plate 12 bottoms are connected with baffle 9; Offer plant protection through hole 11 on the baffle 9, baffle 9 outer ends are 90 ° with reflecting plate 10 and are connected;
4. adopt the horizontal intermittent irradiation of microwave to kill root-knot nematode: with step 3. described in microwave irradiation cavity 4 insert soil depth 20 centimeters that root-knot nematode distributes; Microwave irradiation cavity 4 is positioned at plant root one side; Plant is passed plant protection through hole 11, and reflecting plate 10 is inserted soil depth 20 centimeters;
5. open the microwave irradiation machine, get microwave frequency 915MHz, intermittent irradiation 3 times shone 80 seconds at every turn;
6. respectively get the illuminated soil of 100g soil 3-5 centimetre, 8-10 centimetre, 18-20 centimetre and 28-30 centimetre of depths, adopt sucrose gradient centrifugation to collect root-knot nematode, the polypide of dyed back microscopy root-knot nematode is stiff, promptly dead state.
1. detect the distribution of root-knot nematode: get that plant is short and small, the plant of leaf look jaundice is as seized plant; A large amount of root nodules appear in this plant root; Microscopy is found to contain a large amount of root-knot nematodes in its root nodule; Get 0-30 centimetre of dark soil and do the root-knot nematode separation test, find that the root-knot nematode distribution density is maximum in 0-15 centimetre soil;
2. the soil moisture content that detects root-knot nematode distribution place that 1. step confirm is 19%;
3. it is subsequent use to prepare the microwave irradiation machine: the microwave irradiation machine has housing 1, and through hole 3 is offered in housing 1 bottom surface, and microwave emitter 2, soil detector 6 and controller 7 are installed in the housing 1; Microwave emitter 2 is connected with controller 7 respectively with soil detector 6; In housing 1 bottom surface, through hole 3 places install microwave irradiation cavity 4, microwave irradiation cavity 4 perisporiums and bottom interconnect and are closed, top is uncovered and is communicated with through hole 3; Offer several micro through-holes 5 on the perisporium of microwave irradiation cavity 4; Housing 1 one sides are installed the plant protection reflection unit, and the plant protection reflection unit has a dividing plate 12 that is connected with housing 1, and dividing plate 12 bottoms are connected with baffle 9; Offer plant protection through hole 11 on the baffle 9, baffle 9 outer ends are 90 ° with reflecting plate 10 and are connected;
4. adopt the horizontal intermittent irradiation of microwave to kill root-knot nematode: with step 3. described in microwave irradiation cavity 4 insert soil depth 10 centimeters; Microwave irradiation cavity 4 is positioned at plant root one side; Plant is passed plant protection through hole 11, and reflecting plate 10 is inserted soil depth 10 centimeters;
5. open the microwave irradiation machine, get microwave frequency 915MHz, intermittent irradiation 4 times shone 60 seconds at every turn;
6. respectively get the illuminated soil of 100g soil 3-5 centimetre, 8-10 centimetre, 18-20 centimetre and 28-30 centimetre of depths, adopt sucrose gradient centrifugation to collect root-knot nematode, the polypide of dyed back microscopy root-knot nematode is stiff, promptly dead state.
Crop microwave in the time of infertility of the present invention is killed the TZS-SX type multi-parameter soil surveying appearance that soil temperature and humidity detector that step in the microwave irradiation machine described in the method for root-knot nematode installs in 3. can select for use Zhejiang Top Instrument Co.,Ltd. to produce.Detection soil temperature described in the inventive method also can adopt other temperature monitor to detect soil moisture content separately.When the 3. described microwave irradiation machine of step used, the probe 8 of soil temperature and humidity detector inserted in the soil, according to its data presented, and the switch and the setting-up time of the microwave emitter that start-up control device 7 is set, the circuit of said controller is known technology.13 is nuts among the figure.The 15th, soil fluting sword.
Claims (6)
1. a crop microwave in the time of infertility is killed the method for root-knot nematode, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1. detect the distribution of root-knot nematode: get that plant is short and small, the plant of leaf look jaundice is as seized plant; A large amount of root nodules appear in this plant root; Microscopy is found to contain a large amount of root-knot nematodes in its root nodule; Get 0-30 centimetre of dark soil and do the root-knot nematode separation test, find that the root-knot nematode distribution density is maximum in 0-15 centimetre soil;
2. detecting the water content that 1. step define root-knot nematode soil is 15-25%;
3. it is subsequent use to prepare the microwave irradiation machine: the microwave irradiation machine has housing (1); Through hole (3) is offered in housing (1) bottom surface; Microwave emitter (2), soil temperature and humidity detector (6) and controller (7) are installed in the housing (1), and microwave emitter (2) is connected with controller (7) respectively with soil temperature and humidity detector (6), locates to install microwave irradiation cavity (4) at housing (1) bottom surface, through hole (3); Microwave irradiation cavity (4) perisporium and bottom interconnect and are closed; Top is uncovered and is communicated with through hole (3), offers several micro through-holes (5) on the perisporium of microwave irradiation cavity (4), and housing (1) one side is installed the plant protection reflection unit; The plant protection reflection unit has a dividing plate (12) that is connected with housing (1); Dividing plate (12) bottom is connected with baffle (9), offers plant protection through hole (11) on the baffle (9), and baffle (9) outer end is 90 ° with reflecting plate (10) and is connected;
4. adopt the horizontal intermittent irradiation of microwave to kill root-knot nematode: with step 3. described in microwave irradiation cavity (4) insert soil depth 5-20 centimeters; Microwave irradiation cavity (4) is positioned at plant root one side; With vegetative period plant pass plant protection through hole (11), reflecting plate (10) is inserted soil depth 5-20 centimeters;
5. open the microwave irradiation machine, get microwave frequency 915MHz, intermittent irradiation 2-6 time shines 30-80 second at every turn;
6. respectively get the illuminated soil of 100g soil 3-5 centimetre, 8-10 centimetre, 18-20 centimetre and 28-30 centimetre of depths, adopt sucrose gradient centrifugation to collect root-knot nematode, the polypide of dyed back microscopy root-knot nematode is stiff.
2. a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility according to claim 1 is killed the method for root-knot nematode, it is characterized in that: the center line of the microwave irradiation cavity (4) of step described in 3. and the distance L between reflecting plate (10) inwall are 10-30 centimetre.
3. a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility according to claim 1 is killed the method for root-knot nematode, it is characterized in that: the each irradiated area of step described in 5. is every kilowatt of irradiated area 300-800cm
2
4. a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility according to claim 1 is killed the method for root-knot nematode; It is characterized in that: the intermittent irradiation of step described in 5. is: irradiation earlier 30～120 seconds; Stop 30～120 seconds again, so circulation, total irradiation time is 0.5～5 minute.
5. a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility according to claim 1 is killed the method for root-knot nematode, it is characterized in that: the microwave irradiation cavity (4) of step described in 3. is tapered, conical lower portion perisporium arranged outside soil fluting sword (14).
6. a kind of crop microwave in the time of infertility according to claim 5 is killed the method for root-knot nematode, it is characterized in that: the distance H of the micro through-hole of microwave irradiation cavity (4) topmost and soil fluting sword (14) bottom is 6-25 centimetre.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110438123 CN102487930B (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Method for killing root knot nematode by microwaves in full-childbearing peroid of crops |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110438123 CN102487930B (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Method for killing root knot nematode by microwaves in full-childbearing peroid of crops |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102487930A true CN102487930A (en) | 2012-06-13 |
| CN102487930B CN102487930B (en) | 2013-08-28 |
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| CN 201110438123 Expired - Fee Related CN102487930B (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2011-12-23 | Method for killing root knot nematode by microwaves in full-childbearing peroid of crops |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535338A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Soil sterilization and deinsectization device and root-knot nematode killing method with same |
| CN110275001A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-24 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | It is a kind of to measure and evaluate medicament to the apparatus and method of root-knot nematode drug effect |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2607780Y (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-03-31 | 李月章 | Inserting type microwave sterilizing and inset-killing device |
| CN1829436A (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2006-09-06 | 日商赛勒泰克研究管理股份有限公司 | Soil processing method |
| JP2009148207A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-09 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | Soil treatment method and farming implement suitable to the method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1829436A (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2006-09-06 | 日商赛勒泰克研究管理股份有限公司 | Soil processing method |
| CN2607780Y (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-03-31 | 李月章 | Inserting type microwave sterilizing and inset-killing device |
| JP2009148207A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-09 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | Soil treatment method and farming implement suitable to the method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李文玲: "大棚黄瓜根结线虫的防治", 《河南农业》, no. 8, 15 August 2007 (2007-08-15), pages 20 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535338A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-01-29 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Soil sterilization and deinsectization device and root-knot nematode killing method with same |
| CN103535338B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-07-15 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Soil sterilization and deinsectization device and root-knot nematode killing method with same |
| CN110275001A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-24 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | It is a kind of to measure and evaluate medicament to the apparatus and method of root-knot nematode drug effect |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102487930B (en) | 2013-08-28 |
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