CN102480006A - Transparent metamaterial - Google Patents
Transparent metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN102480006A CN102480006A CN201110091287XA CN201110091287A CN102480006A CN 102480006 A CN102480006 A CN 102480006A CN 201110091287X A CN201110091287X A CN 201110091287XA CN 201110091287 A CN201110091287 A CN 201110091287A CN 102480006 A CN102480006 A CN 102480006A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transparent metamaterial which comprises at least one metamaterial sheet layer, wherein each metamaterial sheet layer comprises a sheet-shaped substrate and an artificial micro structures attached on the substrate, wherein the substrate is made of a transparent material. By adopting the transparent metamaterial provided by the invention, because the substrate is made of the transparent material, response can be generated for visible light, and convergence, diffusion, deflection and the like of the visible light can be caused.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultra field of materials, more particularly, relate to a kind of transparent ultra material.
Background technology
Ultra material is a kind of can the novel artificial synthetic material of electromagnetism generation response the composition by substrate with attached to the artificial micro-structural on the substrate.Because artificial micro-structural is generally certain geometric structure that has that metal wire is arranged into; Therefore can produce response by electromagnetism; Thereby make ultra material monolithic embody the electromagnetic property that is different from substrate; Such electromagnetic property can realize the irrealizable specific function of current material, for example realizes electromagneticly converging, dispersing etc., can be used on electromagnetic communication fields such as antenna, radar.
Ultra in theory material can be applied on the various electromagnetic waves, but the existing application field and is inoperative to visible light usually only in electromagnetic communication fields such as microwaves, and this is that selection substrate and artificial micro-structural limits.Solve the problem of utilizing ultra material to converge, disperse visible light, can the range of application that surpass material be expanded to visible light frequency band.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, to the defective of prior art, a kind of transparent ultra material is provided.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of transparent ultra material is provided; Comprise at least one ultra sheet of material; Each ultra sheet of material comprises plate shape substrates and attached to the artificial micro-structural on the said substrate, said substrate is processed by transparent material.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, said substrate is a transparent polymer material.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, said substrate is polymethyl methacrylate, transparent polyurethane, polyethylene, PETG or polyvinyl chloride.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, said artificial micro-structural 4 is processed by indium tin oxide, and said indium tin oxide is In
2O
3And SnO
2Composite material.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, In in the said indium tin oxide
2O
3Mass percent between 80%～95%.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, described In
2O
3Mass percent be 90%.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, said indium tin oxide becomes film like, and thickness is between 50～1000nm.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, said artificial micro-structural is " worker " font.
In transparent ultra material of the present invention, said artificial micro-structural is two-dimentional snowflake type or three-dimensional snowflake type.
The transparent ultra material of embodiment of the present invention has following beneficial effect: because substrate selects transparent material for use, therefore can produce response to visible light, thereby cause that visible light converges, disperses, deviation etc.
Description of drawings
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that the present invention is described further below, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the transparent ultra material of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a ultra material cell of transparent ultra material shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the refractive index profile of each ultra sheet of material of the transparent ultra material of an embodiment;
Fig. 4 is that transparent ultra material shown in Figure 3 converges electromagnetic sketch map.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of transparent ultra material, as shown in Figure 1, comprise at least one ultra sheet of material 1, when ultra sheet of material 1 has when a plurality of, it is superimposed as one along the x direction perpendicular to the surface.Ultra sheet of material 1 comprises the plate shape substrates 3 of even uniform thickness and attached to a plurality of artificial micro-structural 4 on the plate shape substrates 3.Plate shape substrates 3 is divided into a plurality of identical side's bodily form grids virtually; Each grid is a base board unit 30; And make and be attached with an artificial micro-structural 4 on each base board unit 30; Then each base board unit 30 and on the artificial micro-structural of adhering to 4 is common constitutes a ultra material cell 2, whole ultra sheet of material 1 can be regarded as by a plurality of ultra material cell 2 and is row, serves as to be listed as first array of forming with the y direction with the z direction.The square bodily form grid here can have any size of freely dividing, the length that is preferably y, z direction among the present invention be the electromagnetic wavelength that will converge 1/10th, the length of x direction equates with the thickness of the x direction of plate shape substrates 3.Certainly, the length of its x of ultra material cell of the present invention, y, z direction electromagnetic wavelength 1/50th to 1/2nd between all can.
The concrete structure of ultra material cell 2 is as shown in Figure 2, comprises a base board unit 30 and attached to these base board unit 30 lip-deep artificial micro-structurals 4.The artificial micro-structural 4 of present embodiment is " worker " font wire on plane, comprises linear first wire and is vertically connected on two second wires at the first wire two ends respectively.
Artificial micro-structural 4 also can be other shapes, and like the two-dimentional snowflake type on plane, it comprises two four second wires that intersect vertically first wire of " ten " font each other and be vertically connected on each first wire two ends respectively.
Artificial micro-structural 4 also can be the three-dimensional snowflake type of solid, comprises three six roots of sensation second wires of vertically and mutually sending to first wire of any in twos and being vertically connected on each first wire two ends respectively.It is inner that three-dimensional artificial micro-structural 4 is attached to substrate 3 through certain processing technique.
Certainly; Artificial micro-structural 4 of the present invention also has multiple implementation; As long as have certain geometric figure and can produce response and promptly change the structure of electromagnetic nature, go up or embed that substrate 3 is inner forms ultra material cell 2 of the present invention attached to substrate 3 surfaces thereby all can be used as artificial micro-structural 4 of the present invention to electromagnetic field by what wire or metal wire constituted.
Each base board unit 30 and on artificial micro-structural 4 determined the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of the ultra material cell 2 that they constituted jointly;
can know according to formula; Known dielectric constant and magnetic permeability; Can obtain refractive index n, and the expression of refractive index size is to the influence degree of electromagnetic wave propagation direction.Therefore, the shape through designing each artificial micro-structural 4, size etc. change the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of each ultra material cell 2, and then obtain specific refraction index profile, can realize electromagnetic deviation, converge, disperse etc.
Existing ultra material; Its artificial micro-structural 4 is selected the non-ferrous metal of materials such as silver, copper usually for use; Because metals such as silver, copper are good conductor; Form the surface plasma bulk effect in its metal structure surface, good conductor can excite and strengthen this effect as much as possible, thereby sensitiveer to electromagnetic response, effect is stronger.
3 needs of substrate select those that electromagnetic wave is not had response, do not influence electromagnetic wave or influences the little material of trying one's best, and promptly dielectric constant and magnetic permeability must approach 1 as far as possible, and existing ultra material selects for use pottery as baseplate material usually.
Under the acting in conjunction of artificial micro-structural 4 and base board unit 30, ultra material has embodied the characteristic that general nature circle material does not have aspect electromagnetic property, and like material with negative refractive index, wave beam converges, wave beam deflection, characteristics such as beam parallel.And by these physical characteristics, extending a lot of new application, like communication, optics, device miniaturization, fields such as detection.
But because artificial micro-structural 4 is opaque material with substrate 3, therefore existing ultra material is mainly used in microwave band, can not the generation effect to visible light.As herein described transparent, be meant that light transmittance reaches more than 85%.
One of innovative point of the present invention is, selects for use transparent material as substrate 3, for example transparent organic polymer material etc.In the preferred embodiment, substrate 3 of the present invention is selected transparent organic glass for use, i.e. polymethyl methacrylate, the English PMMA that is called for short.Other transparent organic polymer materials that can be used as substrate 3 can also be transparent polyurethane, polyethylene (PE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), PETG (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or the like.
The dielectric constant of these materials is all not high, be selected between 1～3, and magnetic permeability all is 1 basically, meets as making demands before the substrate 3.Simultaneously, these materials are through the manufacturing process of prior art, all can realize transparent or semitransparently, make visible light transmissive.
Two of innovative point of the present invention is that further, artificial micro-structural 4 is also selected transparent or semitransparent material for use, the preferred indium tin oxide of the present invention.
Indium tin oxide (ITO claims tin-doped indium oxide again) is a kind of indium (III family) oxide In
2O
3And tin (IV family) oxide S nO
2Mixture, common In
2O
3Mass percent between 80%～95%, preferred mass of the present invention is than the In that is 90%
2O
3, 10% SnO
2Indium tin oxide is a thickness between 50～1000nm the time in film like, is clear, colorless, can be used as conductive film and substitutes that silver, copper are wiry also to have good light transmission simultaneously.
Indium tin oxide has good electricity conductibility, therefore can realize the function that good conductor such as silver, copper can realize, therefore the raw material of artificial micro-structural 4 in alternative silver, the ultra material of copper conduct.
In the process of making ultra material; With transparent polymer materials such as transparent organic glass as substrate 3; Adopt the method for electron beam evaporation, physical vapour deposition (PVD) or some sputter-deposition technologies to deposit to the surface of these substrates 3 then; Form various artificial micro-structurals 4, promptly make a ultra sheet of material 1, at last a plurality of ultra sheet of material 1 are encapsulated into a complete ultra material.Because substrate 3 is transparent material with artificial micro-structural 4, therefore so ultra material can be used for the visible light field, has expanded the application and the scope of ultra material greatly, and important scientific research value and economic worth are arranged.
For example, design a ultra sheet of material 1, its refractive index is annular spread, and is as shown in Figure 3, and the central point white silk of the ultra material cell 2 that refractive index is identical becomes a curve, and the close more expression refractive index of curve is big more.Can know by figure; The refractive index of the ultra sheet of material 1 of one embodiment of the invention is the center of circle with the ultra material cell at a center; Each ultra material cell 2 its refractive indexes apart from the equal circumference in this center of circle equate that the refractive index of the ultra material cell on bigger then this circumference of radius is more little, promptly are somebody's turn to do ultra material circle centre position refractive index maximum; Radially outwards refractive index reduces gradually, and the difference of the refractive index on the adjacent circumferential is justified mind-set increase gradually outward by oneself.The ultra sheet of material 1 that satisfies such refraction index profile can realize electromagnetic converging.For the similar artificial micro-structural 4 of shape, artificial micro-structural 4 is more little, and the refractive index of ultra material cell is more little accordingly.
As shown in Figure 4; A plurality of ultra sheet of material shown in Figure 31 stacks form a transparent ultra material; A branch of parallel visible light can pass transparent substrate 3 and artificial micro-structural 4, and its refraction index profile will make that visible light converges to a bit, realizes the function of similar convex lens.
Certainly,, can realize various refraction index profile, and then realize electromagnetic wave deviation that common ultra material can realize, other functions such as disperse through designing the artificial micro-structural 4 of each ultra material cell 2.But the present invention is owing to adopt transparent substrate 3 and artificial micro-structural 4; Electromagnetic wave is widened visible light frequency band by microwave band, is the progress of revolution property, helps substituting traditional optical element such as convex lens, concave mirror etc.; And ultra sheet of material 1 of the present invention is surface plate; It is complex-curved to need not to design convex surface or concave surface etc. especially, has simplified the design and the course of processing greatly, can effectively reduce design, manufacturing cost.
Therefore, combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are described above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; Above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; Rather than restrictive, those of ordinary skill in the art is not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect under enlightenment of the present invention; Also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a transparent ultra material comprises at least one ultra sheet of material, and each ultra sheet of material comprises plate shape substrates and attached to the artificial micro-structural on the said substrate, it is characterized in that said substrate is processed by transparent material.
2. transparent ultra material according to claim 1 is characterized in that said substrate is a transparent polymer material.
3. transparent ultra material according to claim 2 is characterized in that said substrate is a polymethyl methacrylate.
4. transparent ultra material according to claim 2 is characterized in that said substrate is transparent polyurethane, polyethylene, PETG or polyvinyl chloride.
5. transparent ultra material according to claim 1 is characterized in that said artificial micro-structural is processed by indium tin oxide, and said indium tin oxide is In
2O
3And SnO
2Composite material.
6. transparent ultra material according to claim 5 is characterized in that In in the said indium tin oxide
2O
3Mass percent between 80%～95%.
7. transparent ultra material according to claim 6 is characterized in that described In
2O
3Mass percent be 90%.
8. transparent ultra material according to claim 5 is characterized in that said indium tin oxide becomes film like, and thickness is between 50～1000nm.
9. transparent ultra material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said artificial micro-structural is " worker " font.
10. transparent ultra material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said artificial micro-structural is two-dimentional snowflake type or three-dimensional snowflake type.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110091287 CN102480006B (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Transparent metamaterial |
| PCT/CN2011/081389 WO2012139368A1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-27 | Artificial dielectric material |
| EP11860700.1A EP2544029B1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-27 | Artificial dielectric material |
| US13/635,863 US9268062B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-27 | Artificial electromagnetic material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110091287 CN102480006B (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Transparent metamaterial |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102480006A true CN102480006A (en) | 2012-05-30 |
| CN102480006B CN102480006B (en) | 2013-03-13 |
Family
ID=46092543
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110091287 Active CN102480006B (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Transparent metamaterial |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102842760A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-12-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Wave-transparent material and antenna housing and antenna system thereof |
| CN102842759A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-12-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Broadband wave-transparent material as well as antenna cover and antenna system thereof |
| CN103675955A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Method for preparing transparent metamaterial |
| CN103675956A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Transparent metamaterial and preparation method thereof |
| CN104026827A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市天行化纤有限公司 | Novel transparent double-layer bag |
| CN104466419A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Metamaterial and antenna |
| CN110534912A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-12-03 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | A kind of lens and radiation appliance |
| CN110739552A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-31 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN110739551A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-31 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Array lens, lens antenna, and electronic apparatus |
| CN112542685A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-23 | 北京大学 | Microwave and terahertz wave all-metal hyperbolic metamaterial antenna and implementation method thereof |
| CN112751206A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102842759A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-12-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Broadband wave-transparent material as well as antenna cover and antenna system thereof |
| CN102842760A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-12-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Wave-transparent material and antenna housing and antenna system thereof |
| CN102842760B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-05-25 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic wave transparent material and antenna house thereof and antenna system |
| CN102842759B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-05-25 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Wideband electromagnetic wave transparent material and antenna house thereof and antenna system |
| CN103675956B (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2016-08-17 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | A kind of transparent metamaterial and preparation method thereof |
| CN103675955A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Method for preparing transparent metamaterial |
| CN103675956A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-03-26 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Transparent metamaterial and preparation method thereof |
| CN104466419A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Metamaterial and antenna |
| CN104026827A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市天行化纤有限公司 | Novel transparent double-layer bag |
| CN110534912A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-12-03 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | A kind of lens and radiation appliance |
| CN110534912B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2021-08-27 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Lens and radiation device |
| CN110739551A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-31 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Array lens, lens antenna, and electronic apparatus |
| CN110739552A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-31 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN112751206A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN110739552B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-10-22 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Lens structure, lens antenna and electronic equipment |
| CN112542685A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-23 | 北京大学 | Microwave and terahertz wave all-metal hyperbolic metamaterial antenna and implementation method thereof |
| CN112542685B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-11-02 | 北京大学 | Microwave and terahertz wave all-metal hyperbolic metamaterial antenna and implementation method thereof |
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