CN104466419A - Metamaterial and antenna - Google Patents
Metamaterial and antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN104466419A CN104466419A CN201310426106.3A CN201310426106A CN104466419A CN 104466419 A CN104466419 A CN 104466419A CN 201310426106 A CN201310426106 A CN 201310426106A CN 104466419 A CN104466419 A CN 104466419A
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Abstract
The invention provides a metamaterial and an antenna. The metamaterial comprises at least two groups of conducting geometric structures which are vertical to each other. The two groups of conducting geometric structures which are vertical to each other are corresponding to different polarized directions, and are respectively used to receive satellite signals and emit satellite signals. The metamaterial and the antenna solve problems of modulation of different vertical electromagnetic waves by a single panel in a related technology in a receiving frequency range and in an emission frequency range. The metamaterial and the antenna have beneficial effects of high performance and low loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, in particular to a kind of Meta Materials and antenna.
Background technology
Flat panel satellite communication antenna is made up of antenna surface, feed, tuner, satellite receiver etc.Antenna surface is responsible for satellite-signal to reflex in feed.Feed normally one for collecting the loudspeaker of satellite-signal, also known as corrugated horn.Its major function has two: one to be collected by the electromagnetic wave signal that antenna receives, and is transformed into signal voltage, supply high frequency head.Two is carry out polarization conversion to the electromagnetic wave received.Tuner (also known as frequency demultiplier) is that the satellite-signal sent here by feed carries out frequency reducing and then signal amplification is sent to satellite receiver.Generally can be divided into C-band frequency LNB (3.7GHz-4.2GHz, 18-21V) and Ku audio range frequency LNB (10.7GHz-12.75GHz, 12-14V).The workflow of tuner be first satellite high-frequency signal is amplified to hundreds thousand of times afterwards recycle local oscillation circuit high-frequency signals is converted to intermediate frequency 950MHz-2050MHz, for the transmission of coaxial cable and the solution mediation work of satellite receiver.Satellite receiver is that the satellite-signal transported by tuner carries out demodulation, demodulates satellite television image or digital signal and audio signal.
In correlation technique, such as in the design process of reflectarray antenna, consider that the frequency range that satellite-signal is up with descending and polarization mode there are differences, need design to have the functional unit of different qualities respectively for up and descending electromagnetic modulation.Scheme is the functional unit in a laminate face alternate two kinds of different designs, to realize playing modulating action to the electromagnetic wave of two frequency ranges.Another kind of scheme be then on different plate faces after cycle arrangement by the multi-layer sheet pressing with different designs functional unit, to realize playing modulating action to the electromagnetic wave of two frequency ranges.But, by arranging the functional unit of two kinds or more different designs at the enterprising line interlacing in same laminate face to realize modulating the electromagnetic wave of different frequency range, designed device can be caused effectively to utilize area to diminish, hydraulic performance decline; By doing different structure on different plate face, then by realizing after Multi-layer force fit modulating the electromagnetic wave of different frequency range, then its thickness and weight can increase greatly, and multi-layer sheet pressing simultaneously brings the extra problem such as flaggy combination, loss increase.
For the single flat board in correlation technique receive with transmit frequency band to different verticalization electromagnetic wave modulation etc. problem, at present effective solution is not yet proposed.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Meta Materials and antenna, at least to solve the problem.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of Meta Materials, comprise the orthogonal conduction geometry of at least two groups, the polarised direction that described two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries are corresponding different, be respectively used to receiving satellite signal and launch an artificial satellite signal.
Preferably, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are at same plane.
Preferably, described two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries are at least one in following shape: cross, cross, the nested open annular of cross derivative type, I shape, I-shaped derivative type, nested opening and nested opening shaped as frame.
Preferably, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries in Different Plane, stacked arrangement between described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries.
Preferably, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometry insulation connect.
Preferably, described two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries are at least one in following shape: cross, cross derivative type, I shape, I-shaped derivative type, nested cross, nested annular, nested shaped as frame and quadrangle.
Preferably, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries corresponding horizontal polarization directions and vertical polarization directions respectively.
Preferably, the polarization impact each other of described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries is less than the first predetermined threshold.
Preferably, the polarization impact each other of described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries comprise following one of at least: influencing each other between effective loop that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed respectively; Influencing each other between the effective capacitance that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed respectively.
Preferably, described conduction geometry be made up of electric conducting material there is geometric plane and/or stereochemical structure.
Preferably, the conduction geometry of difformity, formed objects, different live width or identical live width is staggered; Or the conduction geometry of same shape, different size, different live width or identical live width is staggered; Or the conduction geometry of difformity, different size, different live width or identical live width is staggered.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of antenna, described antenna comprises antenna surface, and described antenna surface comprises above-mentioned Meta Materials.
Preferably, described antenna surface can with the normal direction of described antenna surface for axle rotates, and described rotation is used for carrying out polarization and aims at.
Preferably, described antenna also comprises servoboard, and described antenna surface is connected on the rotating shaft of described servoboard by the rotary sleeve of described antenna surface and rotates.
Preferably, described servoboard also comprises rotary joint, and described rotary joint is arranged on the rotating shaft of described servoboard, supports the Area of bearing of described antenna surface for increasing described servoboard.
Preferably, described antenna is arranged on the communication equipment of aircraft, motor vehicle, ground fixing device or ship.
The present invention is by adopting following technological means: Meta Materials comprises the orthogonal conduction geometry of at least two groups, the polarised direction that two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are corresponding different respectively, solve single flat board in correlation technique receiving with transmit frequency band to the problem of different verticalization electromagnetic wave modulation, thus there is the beneficial effect that performance is higher, loss is less.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a application's part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 converges electromagnetic schematic diagram according to the flat panel satellite communication antenna of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the core layer according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the impedance matching layer lamella according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 a is the schematic diagram of the nested opening cross shaped as frame conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram of the nested opening shaped as frame conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the two-band superimposed type conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a is the structural representation of the vertical direction conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is the structural representation of the horizontal direction conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the derivative conduction geometry one according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a is according to the derivative conduction geometry one of the embodiment of the present invention response condition schematic diagram when perpendicular polarization;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the derivative conduction geometry two according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 a is according to the derivative conduction geometry two of the embodiment of the present invention response condition schematic diagram when perpendicular polarization;
Fig. 6 b is the electromagnetic wave phase place modulation capability analogous diagram of the derivative conduction geometry two according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the derivative conduction geometry three according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 a is according to the derivative conduction geometry three of the present embodiment response condition schematic diagram when perpendicular polarization;
The schematic diagram of shape when Fig. 8 a is minimum according to the vertical I-shaped structure growth parameter(s) S of the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of shape when Fig. 8 b is maximum according to the vertical I-shaped structure growth parameter(s) S of the embodiment of the present invention;
The analogous diagram of phase change capacity variation when growth parameter(s) S changes when Fig. 9 is the vertical I-shaped structure perpendicular polarization according to the embodiment of the present invention;
The analogous diagram of phase change capacity variation when growth parameter(s) S changes when Figure 10 is the vertical I-shaped structure horizontal polarization according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the conduction geometry vertical conduction geometry of overlapping I-shaped structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the conduction geometry level conduction geometry according to the overlapping I-shaped structure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the analogous diagram of the conduction geometry formed afterwards according to the vertical conduction geometry of the embodiment of the present invention and level conduction geometry overlap;
Wherein, each Reference numeral representative: 10, feed; 20, antenna surface; 30, whirligig; 22, core layer; 24, reflector; 26, impedance matching layer; 222, core layer; 262, impedance matching layer lamella; 50, the first base material; 52, the first prebasal plate; 54, the first metacoxal plate; 60, the second base material; 62, the second prebasal plate; 64, the second metacoxal plate; 40, the first metal wire; 42, the second metal wire; 44, the 3rd metal wire; 46, the 4th metal wire; 48, the 5th metal wire; 49, the 6th metal wire; 56, branched structure; 66, the first minor structure; 68, the second minor structure.
Embodiment
Hereinafter also describe the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.
Embodiments provide a kind of Meta Materials, this Meta Materials comprises the orthogonal conduction geometry of at least two groups, the polarised direction that described mutually perpendicular two groups of conduction geometries are corresponding different respectively, one group is used for receiving satellite signal, and another group is used for signal of launching an artificial satellite.The orthogonal conduction geometry of at least two groups is when same plane, and have a crosspoint at least between two groups of conduction geometries, at least two groups orthogonal conduction geometry is attached on the substrate of same base material or the splicing of same plane different substrate materials.When two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are at not same plane, two groups of orthogonal conduction geometry mechanisms are attached on the base material of Different Plane, are connected between the conduction geometry of Different Plane by insulated with material such as foam, honeycomb, medium substrates.
By said structure, single flat board in correlation technique can be solved and receiving with transmit frequency band to the problem of different verticalization electromagnetic wave modulation, thus there is the beneficial effect that performance is higher, loss is less.
Wherein, described two groups of conduction geometries can distinguish corresponding different polarised directions.Preferably, can be described two groups of conduction geometries corresponding horizontal polarization directions and vertical polarization directions respectively, be respectively used to receiving satellite signal and launch an artificial satellite signal, as responded satellite-signal.By said structure, can make two groups conduct electricity geometries when modulated electromagnetic wave mutually between polarization impact less.
Wherein, the polarization impact each other of described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries is less than the first predetermined threshold.The polarization impact each other of described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries comprise following one of at least: influencing each other between effective loop that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed respectively; Influencing each other between the effective capacitance that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed respectively.Wherein, described first predetermined threshold is the numerical value preset, when influencing each other between effective loop that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed respectively or effective capacitance is less than described first predetermined threshold, represent that the polarization impact each other of described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries is less.
Wherein, the shape of described conduction geometry can have a variety of, preferably, described conduction geometry be made up of electric conducting material there is geometric plane or stereochemical structure.By said structure, described conduction geometry can more easily adhere on the substrate.
Wherein, described conduction geometry only can comprise agent structure, and preferably, described conduction geometry can comprise agent structure and branched structure.Described agent structure can be following one of at least: cross, cross derivative type, I shape, I-shaped derivative type, nested cross, nested annular, nested shaped as frame and quadrangle.
By said structure, the parameter onrelevant that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are mutual can be guaranteed.
Wherein, the arrangement of described conduction geometry is a variety of according to having, and preferentially, one of at least can determine the arrangement of described conduction geometry group on base material: feed parameter, feed location, beam transmission, receive direction according to following.Wherein, the conduction geometry of difformity, formed objects can be staggered; Or the conduction geometry of same shape, different size is staggered; Or the conduction geometry of difformity, different size is staggered.
Wherein, described antenna can be arranged on the communication equipment of aircraft, motor vehicle, ground fixing device or ship.Certainly, described antenna can also be arranged on other can on the equipment of receiving satellite signal.
Embodiments provide a kind of flat panel satellite communication antenna, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, this antenna comprises feed 10, antenna surface 20, whirligig 30, wherein, antenna surface 20 comprises core layer 22, reflector 24, impedance matching layer 26, and core layer 22 comprises core layer 222, impedance matching layer 26 comprises again impedance matching layer lamella 262.Below, the concrete structure of this antenna will be elaborated.
Fig. 1 is that the flat panel satellite communication antenna that the embodiment of the present invention provides converges electromagnetic schematic diagram, and as shown in Figure 1, antenna surface 20 is laid in X-Z plane, and Y-axis is perpendicular to antenna surface 20.Aim to realize polarization, entire physical, except existing orientation, elevation servo, can also be the rotation that rotation axis carries out antenna surface 20 with Y-axis by whirligig 30, and feed 10 will keep the movement carrying out same way with the relative position of antenna surface 20.
Feed 10 is traditional corrugated horn, and the axis Z2 of its axis Zl and antenna surface 20 has certain angle, the axis Zl namely in Fig. 1 and the angle of straight line Z3, and wherein, Z3 is the parallel lines of Zl.Feed 10 not on the axis Z2 of antenna surface 20, thus achieves the offset-fed of antenna.
Antenna surface 20 comprises core layer 22, reflector 24, impedance matching layer 26.Wherein, reflector 24 is arranged on the side of core layer 22 on the surface, and impedance matching layer 26 is arranged on the opposite side of core layer 22 on the surface.
Core layer 22 can comprise a core layer 222, also can comprise the identical and multiple core layer 222 that refraction index profile is identical of thickness.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the core layer according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, and the first base material 50 that core layer 222 comprises sheet and the multiple first conduction geometries be arranged on the first base material 50.Described first base material 50 comprises the first prebasal plate 52 of sheet and the first metacoxal plate 54, first conduction geometry is folded between the first prebasal plate 52 and the first metacoxal plate 54.In the present embodiment, the thickness of core layer 222 can be 0.5-2mm, and the thickness of the first prebasal plate 52 can be 0.5-1mm, and the thickness of the first metacoxal plate 54 can be 0.5-1mm, and the thickness of the first conduction geometry is 0.01-0.5mm.Preferably, the thickness of core layer 222 is 1.018mm, and the thickness of the first prebasal plate 52 and the first metacoxal plate 54 can be 0.5mm, and the thickness of the first conduction geometry is 0.018mm.
Reflector 24 can be the metallic reflection plate with smooth surface, and can be such as the copper coin of polishing, aluminium sheet or iron plate etc., may also be the reflecting surface of electric conductor, can certainly be metal coating, such as copper coating.
Impedance matching layer 26 can comprise an impedance matching layer lamella 262 or the identical multiple impedance matching layer lamellas 262 of thickness.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the impedance matching layer lamella according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, and the second base material 60 that described impedance matching layer lamella 262 comprises sheet and the multiple second conduction geometries be arranged on the second base material 60.Wherein, the second base material 60 comprises the second prebasal plate 62 of sheet and the second metacoxal plate 64, second conduction geometry is folded between the second prebasal plate 62 and the second metacoxal plate 64.
In the present embodiment, the first base material 50, second base material 60 can be obtained by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material etc.Wherein, what macromolecular material can be selected has F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material etc.
In the present embodiment, core layer 222 can obtain by the following method, namely on the surface of any one of the first prebasal plate 52 and the first metacoxal plate 54, copper is covered, multiple first conduction geometry is obtained again by etching method, wherein, the shape of multiple first conduction geometry is obtained by Computer Simulation in advance with arrangement, finally the first prebasal plate 52 and the first metacoxal plate 54 is pressed together respectively, namely obtains core layer 222.The method of pressing can be direct hot pressing, also can be utilize PUR to connect, and certainly may also be other mechanical connection, and such as bolt connects.In like manner, impedance matching layer 26 also can utilize identical method to obtain: by multiple impedance matching layer lamella 262 pressing one, namely define the impedance matching layer 26 of the embodiment of the present invention.Namely core layer 22, impedance matching layer 26, reflector 24 pressing one are obtained antenna surface 20.
Wherein, whirligig 30 can by servoboard, and the rotating shaft composition of antenna surface, wherein, described antenna surface is connected on the rotating shaft of described servoboard by the rotary sleeve of described antenna surface and rotates.Preferably, described servoboard also comprises rotary joint, and described rotary joint is arranged on the rotating shaft of described servoboard, supports the Area of bearing of described antenna surface for increasing described servoboard.
In the present embodiment, core layer 222 is equivalent to metamaterial sheet.
Fig. 3 a is the schematic diagram of the nested opening cross shaped as frame conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3 a, this conduction geometry comprises: the first minor structure 66 and the second minor structure 68, first minor structure 66 is cross frame-shaped constructions, second minor structure 68 is nested in outside the first minor structure 66, namely the second minor structure 68 is enclosed in the outside of the first minor structure 66, and the shape of the second minor structure 68 is corresponding to the shape of the first minor structure 66.The center of the vertical direction on the nested cross frame-shaped construction that the first minor structure 66 and the second minor structure 68 form has the mouth of a rectangle or cuboid, forms nested opening cross frame-shaped construction.The position of opening also can be on the center of the horizontal direction of nested cross shaped as frame.Certainly, in other examples, also can not be at the over center position.
The cross frame-shaped construction of the first minor structure 66, second minor structure 68 is made up of many wires, the parameters such as the spacing of the line length of above-mentioned metal wire, live width, line can adjust, wherein, line length also can be called that the parameter such as growth parameter(s), live width, spacing of the growth parameter(s) adjustment conduction geometry of conduction geometry can make single conduction geometry change in designated frequency range to electromagnetic phase-modulation ability.
Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram according to the nested conduction geometry of the square frame of the embodiment of the present invention, in the present embodiment, cellular is of a size of 12mm, as shown in Figure 3 b, this conduction geometry comprises the first minor structure 66 and the second minor structure 68, first minor structure 66 is square structures, second minor structure 68 is nested in outside the first minor structure 66, namely the second minor structure 68 is enclosed in the outside of the first minor structure 66, the shape of the second minor structure 68 is corresponding to the shape of the first minor structure 66, that is, second minor structure 68 is also square structure, but its center is square hollow out, first minor structure 66 can be arranged on the square hollow part of the second minor structure 68.Space is there is between first minor structure 66 and the second minor structure 68.The center of the horizontal direction on the nested square structure that the first minor structure 66 and the second minor structure 68 form has the mouth of a rectangle or cuboid, forms nested square opening structure.The position of opening also can be on the center of nested square vertical direction.Certainly, in other examples, also can not be at the over center position.
The square structure of the first minor structure 66 is made up of square metal sheet, the second minor structure 68 also by four wires form square.The parameter such as line length, live width, spacing of above-mentioned sheet metal or metal wire can adjust, and wherein, line length also can be called the growth parameter(s) of conduction geometry.The parameter such as growth parameter(s), live width, spacing of adjustment conduction geometry can make single conduction geometry change in designated frequency range to electromagnetic phase-modulation ability.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the two-band superimposed type conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, this conduction geometry group is made up of two conduction geometries of horizontal and vertical, and above-mentioned two conduction geometries respond the different linear polarization signals of two frequency ranges respectively.Fig. 4 a is the structural representation of the vertical direction conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 4 b is the structural representation of the horizontal direction conduction geometry according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 4,4a, 4b, the conduction geometry of vertical direction comprises the first metal wire 40,3rd metal wire 44 of the second metal wire 42 and connection the first metal wire 40 and the second metal wire 42, above-mentioned three metal line form the main body of conduction geometry, and this main body can be I-shaped structure.The conduction geometry of horizontal direction comprises the 4th metal wire 46,6th metal wire 49 of the 5th metal wire 48 and connection the 4th metal wire 46 and the 5th metal wire 48, above-mentioned three metal line form the main body of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction, and this main body can be I-shaped structure.The conduction geometry of vertical direction is mutually vertical with the conduction geometry of horizontal direction, only has a crosspoint.
Wherein, the length of the first metal wire 40, second metal wire 42 of the conduction geometry of vertical direction can be identical with the length of the 4th metal wire 46 of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction, the 5th metal wire 48, now, the conduction geometry of vertical direction and the conduction geometry of horizontal direction are I-shaped structures symmetrical mutually.Certainly, first metal wire 40, second metal wire 42 of the conduction geometry of vertical direction also can not be identical with the length of the 4th metal wire 46 of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction, the 5th metal wire 48, now, the conduction geometry of vertical direction and the conduction geometry of horizontal direction are asymmetrical I-shaped structures.
The conduction geometry of above-mentioned vertical direction and the conduction geometry of horizontal direction use determines size cellular, and respectively above-mentioned two conduction geometries are designed based on this cellular, to guarantee two conduction geometries respectively in the response that two frequency ranges of specifying are specified the polarized signal of specifying.About the design of conduction geometry, set forth in detail hereafter having, repeat no more herein.
The method that above-mentioned conduction geometry can be carved by etching, electroplating, bore quarter, photoetching, electronics quarter or ion is adhered on the first base material 50, second base material 60 in embodiment two respectively.Above-mentioned conduction geometry can be single layer of conductive geometry, is made up of electric conducting material, and described electric conducting material is metal or non-metallic conducting material.
In the present embodiment, the geometry that conducts electricity only needs suitably to regulate corresponding parameter under assigned frequency.
The principle of conduction geometry will be set forth below.According to conduction geometry to electromagnetic response theory and phenomenon, what conduction geometry system can be similar to analogizes to the LC oscillating circuit with a fixed structure.Therefore, the I-shaped conduction geometry of horizontal and vertical two groups can be regarded as two groups of independently LC oscillating circuits respectively.Have due to both and only have an intersection point, without parallel to each other and close arm structure, effective loop or electric capacity interaction therefore between two circuit, cannot be formed.Prediction level direction and the orthogonal conduction geometry of vertical direction two groups can not produce reciprocal influence after superposition on this basis, all the time independently electromagnetic response characteristic before it will be kept not yet to superpose, namely the conduction geometry of vertical direction only to the conduction geometry of perpendicular polarization response, horizontal direction only to horizontal polarization response, and its modulation capability can not change because of superposition with the change situation of parameter.
The embodiment of the present invention, the single two-band superimposed type conduction geometry designed by utilization realizes modulating two orthogonal linear polarised electromagnetic wave of frequency range polarization mode, thus realizes reception and the transmitting of satellite-signal.The conduction geometry that this antenna uses by two groups orthogonal and only by an intersection point I shape conduct electricity geometry form, above-mentioned two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries corresponding different frequency and polarised direction respectively, and mutual parameter is without interrelated.Above-mentioned conduction geometry can be applied on flat panel satellite communication antenna, and this type of flat panel satellite communication antenna will rely on rotable antenna face to carry out polarization according to actual signal situation and aim at, and its rotating shaft is the arbitrary line being parallel to antenna surface normal axis.
Conduction geometry is ubiquitous to electromagnetic modulation capability, and therefore, this conduction geometry can be used for, in all products relevant to electromagnetic wave modulation, being not limited only to plate aerial.Certainly, preferably, be applied on metamaterial flat satellite communication antena.
When superposing based on conduction geometry mentioned above the principle that is suitable for, this type of can have multiple version, as long as meet following derivatization conditions to the conduction geometry that mutually perpendicular polarized signal is done to respond respectively:
Influencing each other between described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries is less than the first predetermined threshold, wherein, influencing each other between described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries comprise following one of at least: the interaction between effective loop that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed; Interaction between the effective capacitance that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed.
Preferably, this derivatization conditions can be: at least two groups orthogonal conduction geometry is overlapped, the orthogonal conduction geometry of described at least two group has and only has an intersection point, without parallel to each other and close arm structure, and then described in ensureing, the orthogonal conduction geometry of at least two groups can not produce each other and influences each other.
More preferably, this derivatization conditions can also be: two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries, has and only has an intersection point, and the arm structure that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are parallel to each other and not close.
Can not reciprocal influence be produced according to the conduction geometry that above-mentioned derivatization conditions derives after superposition, will remain its not yet superpose before independently electromagnetic response characteristic.Specifically, if two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries, so after superposition, the conduction geometry of horizontal direction and the conduction geometry of vertical direction can not produce reciprocal influence, namely the conduction geometry of vertical direction only to the conduction geometry of perpendicular polarization response, horizontal direction only to horizontal polarization response, and its modulation capability can not change because of superposition with the change situation of parameter.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the derivative conduction geometry one according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 5, this structure comprises the conduction geometry of a horizontal direction and the conduction geometry of a vertical direction, and the two is orthogonal, only has a crosspoint.Each conduction geometry comprises main body and at least one branched structure of I shape.
Conduction geometry in the present embodiment be conduction geometry in embodiment three basis on be derived.Two conduction geometries that conduction geometry in embodiment three comprises all only comprise the main body of I shape, and the conduction geometry of the present embodiment, each conduction geometry is provided with branched structure in the main body of I shape.As shown in Figure 5,3rd metal wire 44 of the conduction geometry of vertical direction is each side provided with two metal wires parallel with the second metal wire 42 with the first metal wire 40 in crosspoint, this two metal line is the branched structure 56 of the conduction geometry of vertical direction.Same, 6th metal wire 49 of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction is each side provided with two metal wires parallel with the 5th metal wire 48 with the 4th metal wire 46 in crosspoint, this two metal line is the branched structure 56 of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction.
In Figure 5, the I shape main body of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction and the I shape main body of vertical direction are asymmetrical, certainly, in other embodiments, also can be symmetrical.
In the present embodiment, the derivatization conditions according to conduction geometry arranges branch, and horizontal direction keeps identical with released state with the character of two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries of vertical direction, mutually obvious interference does not occur.Fig. 5 a shows the current response situation when perpendicular polarization in this kind of superimposed type conduction geometry, from Fig. 5 a, have and only have the I shape of vertical direction conduction geometry to create due phase induced current, without interactional judgement when confirming that foregoing circuit superposes, for principle analysis provides Simulated evidence.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the derivative conduction geometry two according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 6, this structure comprises the conduction geometry of a horizontal direction and the conduction geometry of a vertical direction, and the two is orthogonal, only has a crosspoint.Each conduction geometry comprises the main body of I shape and multiple branched structure.In figure 6, the I shape main body of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction and the I shape main body of vertical direction are asymmetrical, certainly, in other embodiments, also can be symmetrical.As shown in Figure 6, two ends of the 4th metal wire 46 of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction are respectively arranged with and extend internally and two metal wires parallel with the first metal wire 40, two ends of the 5th metal wire 48 are also respectively arranged with and extend internally and two metal wires parallel with the first metal wire 40, and above-mentioned four metal wires are branched structures 56 of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction.Same, the conduction geometry of vertical direction is also provided with four branched structures 56, repeats no more herein.
Fig. 6 a is according to the derivative conduction geometry two of the embodiment of the present invention response condition schematic diagram when perpendicular polarization, and from Fig. 6 a, this conduction geometry only has vertical component to conduct electricity geometry to create obvious response under perpendicular polarization signal.
Fig. 6 b is the electromagnetic wave phase place modulation capability analogous diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the polarised direction of incident electromagnetic wave is perpendicular polarization, the geometry cellular that conducts electricity in the present embodiment is of a size of 2.7mm, will conduct electricity geometry by minimum change to maximum by growth regulation parameter.As can be seen from Fig. 6 b, the change along with growth parameter(s) changes by the phase-modulation ability of conduction geometry, the phase-modulation limit of power under this cellular size about 260 degree.Along with the change of cellular size, this modulation range will change thereupon.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the derivative conduction geometry three according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 7, this structure comprises the conduction geometry of a horizontal direction and the conduction geometry of a vertical direction, and the two is orthogonal, only has a crosspoint.Each conduction geometry comprises the main body of I shape and multiple branched structure.In the figure 7, the I shape main body of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction and the I shape main body of vertical direction are asymmetrical, certainly, in other embodiments, also can be symmetrical.As shown in Figure 7, two ends of the 4th metal wire 46 of the conduction geometry of horizontal direction are respectively arranged with the metal wire vertical with the 4th metal wire, these two metal wires and the 4th metal wire 46 also form I-shaped structure, same, two ends of the 5th metal wire 48, first metal wire 40 and the second metal wire 42 are also respectively arranged with metal wire.These metal wires that the end of the first metal wire 40, second metal wire 42, the 3rd metal wire 46, the 4th metal wire 48 is arranged are all branched structures 56.
Fig. 7 a is according to the derivative conduction geometry three of the present embodiment response condition when perpendicular polarization, and from Fig. 7 a, this conduction geometry only has vertical component to conduct electricity geometry to create obvious response under perpendicular polarization signal.
The various conduction geometries related in each embodiment above, the unit conduction geometry determining different parameters can produce the difference of quantitative map, as phase place, effective electromagnetic parameter etc. to electromagnetic wave.But the arrangement rule of each conduction geometry also be can't help conduction geometry self character and determined.For flat panel satellite communication antenna, the conduction geometry arrangement of layout board face according to be following one of at least: feed parameter, feed location, beam transmission, receive direction.These parameters determine in each cellular of antenna surface the performance parameter needing the conduction geometry placed to possess, and could insert corresponding conduction geometry according to this performance parameter in conjunction with simulation result.When the conduction geometry system selected changes, plate-making method and rule constant, be only that the conduction geometry inserted in each cellular changes.
In addition, the conduction geometry of the various conduction geometries related in above each embodiment, can design according to the exemplary method for Ku frequency range:
First, the conduction geometry of vertical direction is designed.Regulate size, live width, the spacing of conduction geometry, make its frequency range have obvious modulating action at the perpendicular polarization electromagnetic wave of 12.25GHz-12.75GHz.From emulation, the conduction geometry of this vertical direction from growth parameter(s) (S) for changing to maximum (as shown in Figure 8 b) time minimum (as shown in Figure 8 a) time, it has obvious phase change effect to the frequency range of incidence at the perpendicular polarization electromagnetic wave of 12.25GHz-12.75GHz, its phase-modulation ability is greater than 300 degree, and concrete simulated effect can see Fig. 9.And when incident electromagnetic wave is horizontal polarization, this vertical I-shaped structure is to the change ability of phase place only less than 10 degree, concrete simulated effect can see Figure 10.In like manner can design the I shape conduction geometry frequency horizontally-polarized electromagnetic wave that is 14-14.5GHz being played to the horizontal direction of modulating action, it is consistent with vertical I-shaped mechanism to electromagnetic response characteristic, repeats no more herein.
The conduction geometry of vertical direction and the conduction geometry of horizontal direction carry out overlapping after can respond horizontally-polarized electromagnetic wave and perpendicular polarization electromagnetic wave respectively, and to be independent of each other.The conduction geometry after superposing can be realized by the parameter of conservative control two parts and different responses is produced to not co polar signal.As the overlap conduction geometry in Figure 11, it mainly plays modulating action to perpendicular polarization electromagnetic wave, and the overlap conduction geometry in Figure 12, mainly modulating action is played to horizontally-polarized electromagnetic wave.
According to above result, the electromagnetic modulation capability of two different I-shaped conduction geometries to the different polarization mode of different frequency range can be utilized to control.Therefore, the flat panel satellite communication antenna of two-band polarization isolation can be designed, carry out difference arrangement according to different I-shaped structure, then the conduction geometry after arrangement is carried out overlap.Figure 13 illustrates and emulates directional diagram accordingly.As can be seen from these analogous diagram, the conduction geometry that the conduction geometry designed by above-mentioned steps is overlapped, has good electromagnetic wave modulation ability.
As can be seen from the above description, present invention achieves following technique effect: have due to two conduction geometries and only have an intersection point, therefore can not produce each other and significantly influence each other, thus ensure that the possibility that polarization is aimed at.In addition, due to the polarization that two conduction geometries of this compound-type conducting geometry are corresponding different respectively, therefore in use can aim at the polarized signal of specifying along with the change of polarized signal can rotate to realize each conduction geometry to antenna surface, thus avoid the loss of signal lamp.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a Meta Materials, is characterized in that, comprises the orthogonal conduction geometry of at least two groups, the polarised direction that described two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries are corresponding different, is respectively used to receiving satellite signal and launches an artificial satellite signal.
2. Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are at same plane.
3. Meta Materials according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries are at least one in following shape: cross, cross, the nested open annular of cross derivative type, I shape, I-shaped derivative type, nested opening and nested opening shaped as frame.
4. Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries in Different Plane, stacked arrangement between described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries.
5. Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometry insulation connect.
6. Meta Materials according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described two groups of mutually perpendicular conduction geometries are at least one in following shape: cross, cross derivative type, I shape, I-shaped derivative type, nested cross, nested annular, nested shaped as frame and quadrangle.
7. Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries corresponding horizontal polarization directions and vertical polarization directions respectively.
8. Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the polarization impact each other of described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries is less than the first predetermined threshold.
9. Meta Materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the polarization impact each other of described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries comprise following one of at least:
Influencing each other between effective loop that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed respectively;
Influencing each other between the effective capacitance that described two groups of orthogonal conduction geometries are formed respectively.
10. Meta Materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described conduction geometry be made up of electric conducting material there is geometric plane and/or stereochemical structure.
11. Meta Materials as claimed in any of claims 1 to 10, is characterized in that, the conduction geometry of difformity, formed objects, different live width or identical live width is staggered; Or the conduction geometry of same shape, different size, different live width or identical live width is staggered; Or the conduction geometry of difformity, different size, different live width or identical live width is staggered.
12. 1 kinds of antennas, it is characterized in that, described antenna comprises antenna surface, described antenna surface comprises the Meta Materials according to any one of claim 1 to 11.
13. antennas according to claim 12, is characterized in that, described antenna surface can with the normal direction of described antenna surface for axle rotates, and described rotation is used for carrying out polarization and aims at.
14. antennas according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described antenna also comprises servoboard, and described antenna surface is connected on the rotating shaft of described servoboard by the rotary sleeve of described antenna surface and rotates.
15. antennas according to claim 14, is characterized in that, described servoboard also comprises rotary joint, and described rotary joint is arranged on the rotating shaft of described servoboard, supports the Area of bearing of described antenna surface for increasing described servoboard.
16. according to claim 12 to the antenna described in any one in 15, and it is characterized in that, described antenna is arranged on the communication equipment of aircraft, motor vehicle, ground fixing device or ship.
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| CN111129783A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-08 | 山西大学 | Function-reconfigurable metamaterial broadband polarization converter/absorber |
| CN112003010A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 电子科技大学 | Super-surface-based plane wave-electromagnetic flying ring converter |
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| CN112003010A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 电子科技大学 | Super-surface-based plane wave-electromagnetic flying ring converter |
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