Summary of the invention
For solving the problem that most equipment at low temperatures can't operate as normal, the invention provides a kind of embedded incubator, be placed on instrument and equipment in this incubator, can guarantee instrument operate as normal in incubator.
For achieving the above object, the invention discloses a kind of embedded incubator, comprising:
Cabinet, it has outer cabinet and internal layer cabinet double-layer structure;
Exospheric temperature transducer and internal layer temperature sensor are positioned over respectively in outer cabinet and the internal layer cabinet;
Outer heating plate and internal layer heating plate are placed on respectively in outer cabinet and the internal layer cabinet, and it can dispel the heat during the conducting electric current;
Signal acquiring board, the temperature of gathering said temperature sensor, and control the opening and closing of said outer heating plate and internal layer heating plate according to two different threshold values that temperature sets.
The sectional calibration that embedded incubator of the present invention adopts, calculate the method for the linearity, can really realize the high accuracy of temperature sensor.
Cabinet can adopt the multi-layer heat preserving design, and multilayer PTC adds thermal design, and skin is the lay down location of the lower equipment of limiting temperature, and nexine is the higher relatively equipment lay down location of limiting temperature.Fill insulant material in the device body of layer and layer is to keep the spontaneous heat energy of equipment as far as possible.Simultaneously layer and the temperature of layer in the equipment are tested, when system temperature below limit range, under the sufficient situation of system power, equipment is suitably heated.The control that is controlled at embedded operating system kernel of whole electronic box is accomplished down.
The present invention also provides a kind of preservation and controlling plate that comprises, is installed in the confined space, and said preservation and controlling plate comprises:
Temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of confined space;
Heating plate, it can dispel the heat during the conducting electric current;
Power control unit is for said embedded incubator provides power supply;
Microcontroller, the temperature of gathering said temperature sensor, and control the opening and closing of said heating plate according to the threshold value that temperature sets.
The present invention has the following advantages: embedded incubator of the present invention is applied under the low temperature environment instrument and equipment operate as normal of dress in can guaranteeing.Can this incubator temperature system set point be set according to the temperature extremes requirement of operate as normal at low temperatures of institute's dress instrument and equipment, this incubator can be applicable to the instrument and equipment of different low temperature requirements.Can design and produce the volume size of incubator according to the requirement of institute's dress instrument and equipment volume size.The cabinet of this incubator can be divided into many levels, and each level cabinet can be placed different instrument and equipments, and the temperature value of different levels is set, and temperature normally reduces from inside to outside gradually, guarantees the operate as normal of institute's dress instrument.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of embedded incubator of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of embedded incubator of the present invention.Visible by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this embedded incubator mainly comprises: cabinet, and it has double-layer structure; Exospheric temperature transducer and internal layer temperature sensor are positioned over respectively in outer cabinet and the internal layer cabinet; Outer heating plate and internal layer heating plate are placed on the special support, are placed on respectively in outer cabinet and the internal layer cabinet; Signal acquiring board, the temperature of collecting temperature transducer, and open and close said outer heating plate and internal layer heating plate according to variations in temperature.
More specifically, cabinet is divided into two-layer: internal layer cabinet and outer cabinet, two-layer cabinet is fixed with screw.At cabinet enclosure interior fill insulant material, to keep the spontaneous heat energy of equipment as far as possible.Outer casing adopts the thick stainless steel material of 2mm, fills the thick foam thermal insulation of 30mm.The internal layer casing adopts the thick stainless steel material of 2mm, fills the thick foam thermal insulation of 20mm.Heating plate is placed on the cabinet inboard, two-layerly adds thermal design, and is preferred, can adopt the PTC heating plate, and it be a kind of special ceramic material, possesses the constant temperature characteristics of generating heat.Outer for limiting temperature is the lay down location of-55 ℃ equipment, internal layer is that limiting temperature is-20 ℃ an equipment lay down location.
Signal acquiring board comprises: microcontroller and power control unit.Power control unit is used to provide the energy power supply, also can be battery, power supply or electricity generation system.Microcontroller has data processing and controlled function, and temperature sensor, power control unit and heating plate link to each other with microcontroller.The STM32F103 that microprocessor for example can adopt STMicw Electronics to produce.
Exospheric temperature transducer and internal layer temperature sensor are placed on respectively in outer cabinet and the internal layer cabinet, to detect the temperature of two-layer cabinet respectively.The resistance that temperature sensor can adopt temperature and resistance to have relative linear relationship, the for example platinum resistance thermometer sensor, of PT100.The resistance of temperature sensor can be along with variation of temperature linear change, as long as therefore known that resistance value just can obtain corresponding temperature value.
Because the resistance value that temperature sensor output is different; Microprocessor will sample different digital values, and its temperature and resistance have linear relationship one to one, for example; Corresponding to PT100; Its temperature and resistance characteristic are known, therefore through sample numerical value, just can draw corresponding temperature value through this resistance-temperature linearity relation.
In fact; But the resistance signal of temperature sensor output need convert the voltage or the current signal of microprocessor Direct Sampling to; Pass through differential amplifier in the present invention; For example AD8554 (differential amplifier also can change other models into) converts thereof into voltage signal, then through microprocessor carry out AD sampling (ADC integrated with microprocessor in, sample frequency can be established; For example can per half second once sampling) and record; Change the telegram in reply resistance then, therefore sampling and record are resulting in fact is the AD sample numerical value of the resistance value of temperature sensor, just can calculate corresponding temperature value through the resistance-temperature linearity relation of searching the store memory storage of calculating microprocessor.
The signal of timing microprocessor monitor temperature transducer output also converts actual temperature value to, when the temperature of judging the internal layer cabinet is lower than-20 ℃, opens the internal layer heating plate and is higher than-20 ℃ until temperature in chassis; When the temperature of outer cabinet is lower than-55 ℃, then open outer heating plate and be higher than-55 ℃ until temperature in chassis.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, in order to improve higher precision, this embedded incubator carries out sectional calibration, calculates the method for the linearity, below describes this method in detail:
Though the resistance value of temperature sensor and temperature are linear relationships, be not strict linear relationship, in order to obtain high-precision temperature value; The present invention adopts sectional calibration, calculates the method for the linearity: be about to different resistance (i, j, k; L etc.) load is added to the signal input part of amplifier, and after amplifying, microprocessor obtains corresponding sample numerical value (a; B, c, d etc.); Microprocessor is with this digital value (a, b, c then; D etc.) and corresponding temperature value (m, n, the o of resistance value; P etc.; Do like this and can sampled value directly be changed into temperature value, simplified elder generation and converted sampled value to resistance value, and then converted the step of temperature value to) be recorded in the inner form and use as known quantity.As shown in the table:
The step-length of form is 10 degrees centigrade, and promptly p-o=o-n=n-m=10 is stored in the microprocessor internal memory through calibrating the back above table, and tabling look-up during use gets final product.The computational methods of temperature value are following:
Suppose that the temperature sensor digital value that microprocessor samples obtains is x, (a≤x<b)), then the computing formula of the temperature T of this moment is:
Through top method, accurately calculate temperature actual in the cabinet.
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of a kind of embodiment of embedded incubator of the present invention.The course of work of embedded incubator of the present invention is detailed below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3.As shown in the figure:
At first, microprocessor is carried out system initialization.Low temperature limit requirement according to institute's dress instrument and equipment is provided with the temperature system threshold value.For example the internal layer cabinet is set to-20 ℃, and outer cabinet is set to-55 ℃.
Through microprocessor to the temperature sensor sampling temperature analog signal.But the resistance signal of temperature sensor output is converted to the voltage signal of Direct Sampling through differential amplifier.Microprocessor reads and writes down the sample numerical value of corresponding resistance value.
Data conversion treatment.Microprocessor obtains the actual temperature of internal layer cabinet and outer cabinet according to sample numerical value through temperature-resistance linear corresponding relation.
Temperature is carried out sectional calibration.Based on the resistance of temperature sensor and the linear relationship between the temperature,, be that the interior sampled data of 10 degree is calibrated based on step-length according to the computing formula of said temperature T.
When the actual temperature that detects the internal layer cabinet when microprocessor was lower than-20 ℃, then heating plate was opened cabinet internal layer heating plate; When the actual temperature that detects the internal layer cabinet when microprocessor is higher than-20 ℃, then close the internal layer heating plate.
When the actual temperature that detects outer cabinet when microprocessor is lower than-55 ℃, then open outer heating plate; When the actual temperature that detects outer cabinet when microprocessor is higher than-55 ℃, then close outer heating plate.
Then, microprocessor continues the temperature of sample temperature transducer again, repeats above-mentioned steps.
The circuit diagram of the signal acquiring board of embedded incubator of the present invention is as shown in Figure 4.
Embedded intelligence incubator of the present invention; Cabinet can be to be divided into a cabinet according to actual needs, or the many levels cabinet, and each cabinet all can independently guarantee the operate as normal of institute's dress instrument and equipment; Through the modification of corresponding program inner parameter, can realize multi-level heat insulation effect simultaneously.
The present invention also provides a kind of preservation and controlling plate, is installed on confined space, and is as shown in Figure 5, is the functional block diagram of preservation and controlling plate.This preservation and controlling plate comprises: the PCB substrate is integrated with temperature sensor, heating plate, power control unit and microcontroller on this PCB substrate.
Power control unit is used to provide the energy power supply, also can be battery, power supply or electricity generation system.Microcontroller has data processing and controlled function, and temperature sensor, power control unit and heating plate link to each other with microcontroller.The STM32F103 that microprocessor for example can adopt STMicw Electronics to produce.
The resistance that temperature sensor adopts temperature and resistance to have relative linear relationship, the for example platinum resistance thermometer sensor, of PT100.The resistance of temperature sensor can be along with variation of temperature linear change, as long as therefore known that resistance value just can obtain corresponding temperature value.
Because the resistance value that temperature sensor output is different; Microprocessor will sample different digital values, and its temperature and resistance have one to one the linear relationship table of storage in advance, for example; For PT100; Its temperature and resistance characteristic are known, therefore through sample numerical value, just can draw corresponding temperature value through resistance-temperature linearity relation.
In fact; But the resistance signal of temperature sensor output need convert the voltage or the current signal of microprocessor Direct Sampling to; Pass through differential amplifier in the present invention; For example AD8554 (differential amplifier also can change other models into) converts thereof into voltage signal, then through microprocessor carry out AD sampling (ADC integrated with microprocessor in, sample frequency can be established; For example can per half second once sampling) and record; Change the telegram in reply resistance then, therefore sampling and record are resulting in fact is the AD sample numerical value of the resistance value of temperature sensor, just can calculate corresponding temperature value through the resistance-temperature linearity relation of searching the store memory storage of calculating microprocessor.
The signal of timing microprocessor monitor temperature transducer output also converts actual temperature value to, crosses when low when the temperature of judging the internal layer cabinet, when for example being lower than-20 ℃, opening heating plate temperature in the space and is higher than-20 ℃, closes heating plate then.
In order to improve higher precision, this preservation and controlling plate carries out sectional calibration, calculates the method for the linearity: shown in the formula of table that its computational methods are as described above and accounting temperature T.Repeat no more at this.
This preservation and controlling plate can work alone, and directly being installed on working temperature has in the space of requirement and get final product.
Embedded insulation electronic box of the present invention, cabinet can adopt the multi-layer heat preserving design, and multilayer PTC adds thermal design, and skin is the lay down location of the lower equipment of limiting temperature, and internal layer is the higher relatively equipment lay down location of limiting temperature.Fill insulant material in the device body of layer and layer is to keep the spontaneous heat energy of equipment as far as possible.Simultaneously, layer and the temperature of layer in the equipment are tested, when system temperature below limit range, under the sufficient situation of system power, equipment is suitably heated.The control that is controlled at embedded operating system kernel of whole electronic box is accomplished down.
In addition, embedded incubator of the present invention and preservation and controlling plate are based on the embedded OS platform and develop. and can solve preferably under the extremely low environment of temperature, electronic products such as some conventional instruments, equipment and controller can be worked normally.Through the modification and the electronic box structure Design of corresponding formula, the level of insulation and scope can further be expanded.The calibration steps of insulation the temperature inside the box makes the insulation precision be improved.At present with this system applies under extreme environments such as the South Pole, in order to guarantee the normal operation of equipment.