CN106885639A - A kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument and method of testing based on MAX31856 - Google Patents
A kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument and method of testing based on MAX31856 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106885639A CN106885639A CN201710132899.6A CN201710132899A CN106885639A CN 106885639 A CN106885639 A CN 106885639A CN 201710132899 A CN201710132899 A CN 201710132899A CN 106885639 A CN106885639 A CN 106885639A
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- thermocouple
- max31856
- temperature
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- temperature measurement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/10—Arrangements for compensating for auxiliary variables, e.g. length of lead
- G01K7/12—Arrangements with respect to the cold junction, e.g. preventing influence of temperature of surrounding air
- G01K7/13—Circuits for cold-junction compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/14—Arrangements for modifying the output characteristic, e.g. linearising
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument based on MAX31856 and method of testing, the MAX31856 of the newest release of selection Maxim companies is used as thermocouple digital quantizer.Built-in 19 A/D converters (ADC) of MAX31856.MAX31856 has internal temperature sensor, can carry out thermocouple cold junction automatic compensation function.MAX31856 inside has the temperature look-up table of the thermocouple for supporting different Graduation Numbers, and temperature look-up table can carry out non-liner revision to thermo-electric couple temperature data.The present invention solves the problems, such as cold junction compensation, solves the problems, such as the gamma correction of thermocouple temperature measurement.The temperature resolution capability of the temperature measurer is 0.0078125 DEG C.Thermocouple voltages certainty of measurement reaches ± 0.15%.Portable use by this temperature measurer, can also be connected displaying data in real-time with computer, greatly facilitate the work of engineers and technicians, with certain practical value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermocouple temperature measurement instrument, and in particular to a kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument and test side based on MAX31856
Method.
Background technology
Temperature is an important technical indicator in industrial production and process of scientific research.At present, it is main to use RTD and heat
Galvanic couple measurement temperature.Platinum resistance temperature sensor has the advantages that certainty of measurement is high, reproducible, stability is strong, but its shortcoming
It is that the thermometric response time is slower；Thermocouple temperature sensor has that simple structure, temperature measurement range be wide, thermometric response time phase
To it is very fast the advantages of, have the disadvantage to need to carry out that cold junction compensation, certainty of measurement be slightly poor, temperature survey has nonlinear compensation.
A kind of thermocouple temperature measurement circuit is introduced herein, cold junction compensation, gamma correction are solved the problems, such as well, contribute to each
The thermocouple for planting Graduation Number is used widely in scientific research, production process.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention propose a kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument based on MAX31856 and
Method of testing, solves the problems, such as cold junction compensation, gamma correction well, contributes to the thermocouple of various Graduation Numbers to exist
It is used widely in scientific research, production process.
Technical scheme
A kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument based on MAX31856, it is characterised in that including thermocouple, MAX31856 thermocouple moulds
Number digital quantizer and ARM main control chips；Thermocouple is with the annexation of MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus digital quantizers：Heat
Galvanic couple two ends connect T+ and T- ports by 2K Ω resistance respectively, wherein thermocouple one end of connection T- ports passes through 2K Ω resistance
Connection BIAS ports；100nF electric capacity is connected between T+ and T-, AVDD ports connect 0.1 μ F ceramic condensers, bypass to GND；T+ with
10nF electric capacity is connected between GND, 10nF electric capacity is connected between T- and GND；MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus digital quantizers and ARM
Main control chip carries out data exchange by SPI interface；ARM main control chips export to OLED measured temperature by SPI interface
Shown in real time.
The 100nF electric capacity is ceramic Surface Mount electric capacity.
A kind of method of the thermocouple temperature measurement instrument test temperature that MAX31856 is based on using any one, it is characterised in that
Step is as follows：
Step 1：Main control chip according to the thermocouple Graduation Number for being used, in reading MAX31856 thermocouple analog-digital converters
Temperature value after cold end is compensated automatically, while reading thermocouple status data；
Step 2：Main control chip judges whether thermocouple is working properly according to thermocouple status dataIf thermocouple has event
Barrier, then show fault type and fix a breakdown；Next step is carried out if thermocouple is working properly；
Step 3：Temperature value is sent OLED to be shown in real time by main control chip, and temperature value is uploaded into industrial computer by serial ports
Storage shows.
Beneficial effect
A kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument and method of testing based on MAX31856 proposed by the present invention, selection Maxim companies are most
The new MAX31856 for releasing is used as thermocouple digital quantizer.Built-in 19 A/D converters (ADC) of MAX31856.
MAX31856 has internal temperature sensor, can carry out thermocouple cold junction automatic compensation function.MAX31856 inside has to be supported
The temperature look-up table of the thermocouple of different Graduation Numbers, temperature look-up table can carry out non-liner revision to thermo-electric couple temperature data.This
Invention solves the problems, such as cold junction compensation, solves the problems, such as the gamma correction of thermocouple temperature measurement.The temperature of the temperature measurer
Resolution capability is 0.0078125 DEG C.Thermocouple voltages certainty of measurement reaches ± 0.15%.Portable use by this temperature measurer, also may be used
Be connected displaying data in real-time with computer, greatly facilitates the work of engineers and technicians, with certain practical value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Thermocouple principle figure
Fig. 2：MAX31856 internal structures
Fig. 3：Using MAX31856 and the wiring temperature measurement circuit of thermocouple
Fig. 4：Thermocouple temperature measurement instrument schematic diagram
Fig. 5：This method thermometric schematic flow sheet
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with embodiment, accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described：
1. cold junction compensation principle
The closed-loop path of two kinds of conductor A, B compositions of unlike material just constitutes thermocouple.Same conductor is when its two ends is deposited
In temperature difference, electric current will be produced in loop, now there is electromotive force between two ends, the electromotive force is referred to as thermoelectrical potential.
Thermocouple two ends are two thermodes, and temperature one end higher is working end, and the relatively low one end of temperature is cold end (free end), cold
End is generally in certain stationary temperature.It can be seen from thermocouple temperature measurement principle, the total electromotive force that thermocouple is produced is equal to two
The difference of the thermo-electromotive force produced by contact.
EAB(T,T0)=EAB(T)-EAB(T0) (1)
EAB(T,T0)：The thermoelectrical potential drawn by measurement；
EAB(T)：The electromotive force in hot junction；
EAB(T0)：The electromotive force of cold end；
Work as T0At=0 DEG C：
EAB(T, 0)=EAB(T)-EAB(0) (2)
(1) is subtracted with (2) to obtain：
EAB(T,0)-EAB(T,T0)=(EAB(T)-EAB(0))-(EAB(T)-EAB(T0)) (3)
EAB(T,0)-EAB(T,T0)=EAB(T0)-EAB(0) (4)
Because：
EAB(T0)-EAB(0)=EAB(T0,0) (5)
So：
EAB(T,0)-EAB(T,T0)=EAB(T0,0) (6)
EAB(T, 0)=EAB(T,T0)+EAB(T0,0) (7)
EAB(T,0)：Thermocouple electromotive force after compensation；
EAB(T,T0)：The thermoelectrical potential drawn by measurement；
EAB(T0,0)：Cold junction temperature T0Thermoelectrical potential during with respect to 0 DEG C.
From formula (7), as long as will actual measurement thermoelectrical potential EAB(T,T0) add cold end amendment thermoelectrical potential EAB(T0, 0) and can
Obtain hot thermocouple potential EAB(T, 0), then by looking into standard phasing meter, you can learn hot-side temperature.
2. converter temperature MAX31856
MAX31856 be MAXIM companies of the U.S. production with cold junction compensation, gamma correction, thermocouple open circuit detection,
The thermocouple analog-digital converter of thermocouple fault detect.Its temperature resolution capability is 0.0078125 DEG C.Thermocouple voltages are measured
Precision reaches ± 0.15%.Cold junction compensation scope is -20~+85 DEG C, and operating voltage is 3.3V.
In industrial temperature observing and controlling occasion, thermocouple is because its is cheap, measurement range it is wide be widely used but it
Cold junction compensation is generally required, and circuit is more complicated, debugging trouble.And the thermocouple analog-digital converter of MAXIM companies production
MAX31856 can not only convert analog signals into the digital quantity of 19bit, and carry cold junction compensation, gamma correction.Its temperature
Degree resolution capability can meet most industrial applications up to 0.0078125 DEG C.MAX31856 is encapsulated using SO-14, body
Small, the good reliability of product.
MAX31856 internal structures
MAX31856 thermocouple digital quantizer internal structures are as shown in Figure 2.Major function includes：Input protection, failure
Detection, programmable gain amplifier, 19 A/D converters (ADC), Nonlinearity Calibration on Thermocouple, cold junction compensation detection and benefits
Repay, digitial controller, SPI serial line interfaces.
Using the temperature measurement circuit of MAX31856
During using MAX31856 thermometrics, thermocouple lead is connected to input T+ and T-.As shown in Figure 3, it is ensured that by heat
Galvanic couple lead is connected to correct input.BIAS outputs about in 0.735V, are connected to T- by BIAS outputs biasing, make thermoelectricity
Occasionally it is biased within common-mode input range.
Built-in ± 45V the input protection circuits of MAX31856, can prevent the overvoltage on T+, T- or BIAS from causing IC to damage.For
The larger input fault that may occur is prevented, input protection circuit should be increased.It is suitable to the series connection of T+, T- and BIAS end
Resistance can improve the ability of the false voltage that MAX31856 bears.
Due to being related to small signal process, electric thermo-couple temperature measurement is easy to be influenceed by power supply coupled noise.It is being close to
0.1 μ F ceramic condensers are installed in the position of VDD pins, bypass to GND, and the influence of power supply noise is minimized.Input amplifier
It is low-noise amplifier, the amplifier can carry out high precision test to input.Ensure thermocouple and line away from electrical noise
Source.100nF ceramics Surface Mount electric capacity is installed between T+ and T- pins, to filter the noise on thermocouple lead.In noise level
Under environment higher, especially obvious radiofrequency field, in addition to the 100nF electric capacity between T+ and T-, should also be between T+ and GND
One 10nF electric capacity is installed, a 10nF electric capacity is also installed between T- and GND.According to the property of noise, these electricity can be changed
Capacitance.When noise source is larger, it may be necessary to take other technical measures, for example, increase series resistance and shielding thermocouple lead
And circuit board.
MAX31856 operation principles：The output voltage E of MAX31856 input amplifiers and ADC to thermocoupleAB(T,T0) enter
Row amplifies and numeral is changed.Internal temperature sensor measurement cold junction temperature EAB(T0,0).Using internal searching table (LUT), it is determined that
Selected thermocouple type ADC codings corresponding with cold junction temperature.By thermocouple coding and cold end coding sued for peace, produce with it is cold
The corresponding coding of end compensating electric thermo-couple temperature.Finally, using LUT obtain by DEG C in units of cold junction compensation output code.
Thermocouple temperature measurement instrument is designed, and sees Fig. 4
Purpose of design：Thermocouple temperature measurement instrument can support that the thermocouple (K, J, N, R, S, T, E and B) of different Graduation Numbers carries out temperature
Degree measurement.There is thermocouple temperature measurement instrument thermocouple to open a way, thermocouple fault detection capability.To improve the reliability of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument
Property, the thermocouple temperature measurement instrument has the suppression function to 50Hz and 60Hz noises and its harmonic wave.The thermocouple temperature measurement instrument has logical
Serial ports is crossed to upload temperature data function, show real time temperature data function with portable.
The connection of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument and operation principle
The MAX31856 of the newest release of selection Maxim companies is used as thermocouple digital quantizer.Built-in 19 of MAX31856
A/D converter (ADC).MAX31856 has internal temperature sensor, can carry out thermocouple cold junction automatic compensation function.
MAX31856 inside has the temperature look-up table of the thermocouple for supporting different Graduation Numbers, and temperature look-up table can be to electric thermo-couple temperature number
According to carrying out non-liner revision.
The stm32f405 chips of STMicw Electronics are selected as main control chip.The chip supports single-precision floating point computing, is
System clock 168MHz.The chip is suitable for doing control research.
Thermocouple temperature measurement instrument based on MAX31856 include thermocouple, MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus digital quantizers and
ARM main control chips；Thermocouple is with the annexation of MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus digital quantizers：Thermocouple two ends lead to respectively
2K Ω resistance connection T+ and T- ports are crossed, wherein thermocouple one end of connection T- ports connects BIAS ports by 2K Ω resistance；T
+ 100nF electric capacity is connected and T- between, AVDD ports connect 0.1 μ F ceramic condensers, bypass to GND；Connected between T+ and GND
10nF electric capacity, connects 10nF electric capacity between T- and GND；MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus digital quantizers lead to ARM main control chips
Crossing SPI interface carries out data exchange；Measured temperature is exported to OLED and shown in real time by ARM main control chips by SPI interface
Show.
During test, this temperature measurer connection JUMO K-type thermocouples.K-type thermocouple is put into insulating box, the data of measurement
It is as follows：
| Sequence number | Incubator set point value (DEG C) | Thermocouple value of feedback (DEG C) | Deviation (DEG C) |
| 1 | 40 | 39.76 | 0.24 |
| 2 | 50 | 49.87 | 0.13 |
| 3 | 60 | 59.86 | 0.14 |
| 4 | 70 | 69.97 | 0.03 |
| 5 | 80 | 79.77 | 0.23 |
| 6 | 90 | 89.69 | 0.31 |
| 7 | 100 | 99.7 | 0.3 |
| 8 | 110 | 109.94 | 0.06 |
From measured data it can be seen that：In the range of 40 DEG C~110 DEG C, during using K-type thermocouple, the measurement of this temperature measurer
Precision can reach:±0.5℃.
Thermocouple temperature measurement instrument based on MAX31856 of the invention, solves the problems, such as cold junction compensation, solves heat
The gamma correction problem of galvanic couple thermometric.The temperature resolution capability of the temperature measurer is 0.0078125 DEG C.Thermocouple voltages measurement essence
Degree reaches ± 0.15%.Portable use by this temperature measurer, can also be connected displaying data in real-time with computer, greatly facilitate engineering technology
The work of personnel, with certain practical value.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument based on MAX31856, it is characterised in that including thermocouple, MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus
Digital quantizer and ARM main control chips；Thermocouple is with the annexation of MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus digital quantizers：Thermoelectricity
Even two ends connect T+ and T- ports by 2K Ω resistance respectively, wherein thermocouple one end of connection T- ports is connected by 2K Ω resistance
Connect BIAS ports；100nF electric capacity is connected between T+ and T-, AVDD ports connect 0.1 μ F ceramic condensers, bypass to GND；T+ with
10nF electric capacity is connected between GND, 10nF electric capacity is connected between T- and GND；MAX31856 thermoelectricity even modulus digital quantizers and ARM
Main control chip carries out data exchange by SPI interface；ARM main control chips export to OLED measured temperature by SPI interface
Shown in real time.
2. the thermocouple temperature measurement instrument of MAX31856 is based on according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The 100nF electric capacity is
Ceramic Surface Mount electric capacity.
3. the method that any one described in a kind of utilization claim 1 or 2 is based on the thermocouple temperature measurement instrument test temperature of MAX31856,
It is characterized in that step is as follows：
Step 1：Main control chip passes through according to the thermocouple Graduation Number for being used in reading MAX31856 thermocouple analog-digital converters
Temperature value after the automatic compensation of cold end, while reading thermocouple status data；
Step 2：Main control chip judges whether thermocouple is working properly according to thermocouple status dataIf thermocouple is faulty,
Then show fault type and fix a breakdown；Next step is carried out if thermocouple is working properly；
Step 3：Temperature value is sent OLED to be shown in real time by main control chip, and temperature value is uploaded into industrial computer by serial ports stores
Or display.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710132899.6A CN106885639A (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument and method of testing based on MAX31856 |
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| CN201710132899.6A CN106885639A (en) | 2017-03-08 | 2017-03-08 | A kind of thermocouple temperature measurement instrument and method of testing based on MAX31856 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109506801A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-22 | 中国船舶工业综合技术经济研究院 | A kind of Hull Welding temperature monitoring device |
| CN111554159A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-18 | 南京工程学院 | Novel semiconductor thermoelectric power generation experimental equipment |
| CN112097945A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-18 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Temperature detector and measuring device for detecting temperature of terminal base of electric energy meter |
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| US4122719A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1978-10-31 | Environmental Systems Corporation | System for accurate measurement of temperature |
| CN102788651A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-21 | 广州供电局有限公司 | Method for detecting and calibrating thermocouples |
| CN105092074A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | Nine-point thermodetector for heat treatment equipment |
| CN205679327U (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 沈阳工程学院 | The eight universal thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus of passage |
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2017
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4122719A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1978-10-31 | Environmental Systems Corporation | System for accurate measurement of temperature |
| CN102788651A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-21 | 广州供电局有限公司 | Method for detecting and calibrating thermocouples |
| CN105092074A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-11-25 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | Nine-point thermodetector for heat treatment equipment |
| CN205679327U (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 沈阳工程学院 | The eight universal thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus of passage |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| MAXIM INTEGRATED: "《MAX31856使用手册》", 9 April 2015 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109506801A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-22 | 中国船舶工业综合技术经济研究院 | A kind of Hull Welding temperature monitoring device |
| CN111554159A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-18 | 南京工程学院 | Novel semiconductor thermoelectric power generation experimental equipment |
| CN112097945A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-18 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Temperature detector and measuring device for detecting temperature of terminal base of electric energy meter |
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