CN202305463U - Capacitive detecting device for moisture content of straws - Google Patents
Capacitive detecting device for moisture content of straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN202305463U CN202305463U CN2011204297362U CN201120429736U CN202305463U CN 202305463 U CN202305463 U CN 202305463U CN 2011204297362 U CN2011204297362 U CN 2011204297362U CN 201120429736 U CN201120429736 U CN 201120429736U CN 202305463 U CN202305463 U CN 202305463U
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- water percentage
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a capacitive detecting device for the moisture content of straws. The capacitive detecting device comprises sensors, a detecting and controlling circuit, a display device, input equipment and a PC (Personal Computer), wherein the sensors refer to a capacitive sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; the detecting and controlling circuit comprises a capacitance signal detecting and processing module, a pressure signal detecting and processing module, an A/D (Analog to Digital) conversion module and a main controller; the temperature sensor is connected with the main controller; the capacitive sensor is connected with the capacitance signal detecting and processing module which is connected with the A/D (Analog to Digital) conversion module; the A/D (Analog to Digital) conversion module is connected with the main controller; and the pressure sensor is connected with the A/D (Analog to Digital) conversion module; and the display device, the input equipment and the PC are respectively connected with the main controller. The capacitive detecting device realizes the accurate and rapid detection of the moisture content of the crop straws by using a mathematical model of the moisture content of the straws, the capacitance of the capacitive sensor as well as influencing factors such as temperature and volume density.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to agricultural material water percentage detection technique field, particularly a kind of capacitive stalk water percentage pick-up unit.
Background technology
Water percentage is important index in the agricultural crop straw recycling technology; The water percentage of agricultural crop straw utilizes very big influence again for the processing of stalk; Even water percentage has determined the quality of its finished product to a certain extent; And there is long shortcoming of test period in traditional heating, drying method aspect the measurement water percentage, in practical application, has certain defective, becomes the major issue that improves the agricultural crop straw utilization ratio so how to measure the stalk water percentage fast and accurately.
At present, the method that adopted of agricultural material water percentage pick-up unit mainly contains microwave type, middle minor, infrared type, nuclear magnetic resonance formula, resistance-type and condenser type.The capacitive water percentage pick-up unit of comparing is simple in structure, with low cost, in practical application, is easy to realize the rapid Continuous measurement, helps applying, and therefore this method has become one of main method that detects the agricultural material water percentage.Capacitance method is based on the Indirect Detecting Method of agricultural material dielectric property; It is to utilize agricultural material as good dielectric characteristic that capacitance method detects the agricultural material water percentage; According to the difference of the material dielectric parameter of different water cut rate, obtain the water percentage of material through the variation of measuring dielectric parameter.During measurement, tested material is placed in the middle of the capacitive transducer as dielectric, obtain the water percentage of sample through the capacitance of measuring and its dielectric parameter is the capacitive transducer of linear corresponding relation indirectly.The capacitance detecting method has the advantage not high to the sample sampling requirement.When but capacitance method detects material water ratio; Capacitance not only receives the influence of water percentage; Also receive the influence that sample temperature and volume density are the compactness of sample, therefore in detection, must take all factors into consideration a plurality of influence factors, could realize higher relatively measuring accuracy.Further investigation reveals that; Existing agricultural material measurement of water ratio instrument and equipment lay particular emphasis on agricultural materials such as grain and herbage more; In the practical application; The measurement mechanism and the equipment that are exclusively used in the agricultural crop straw water percentage do not have as yet to be seen, and existing instrument do not have the influence of account temperature and volume density, causes measuring accuracy not high.
Summary of the invention
Problem to existing agricultural material water percentage detection technique and the existence of agricultural crop straw water percentage pick-up unit; The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit, utilizes capacitance and the influence factor temperature of stalk water percentage and capacitive transducer, the mathematical model of volume density to realize agricultural crop straw water percentage accurate detection.
To achieve these goals; The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is a kind of condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit; Include sensor, detection and control circuit, display device, input equipment, PC composition, said sensor comprises capacitive transducer, temperature sensor and pressure transducer; Described detection and control circuit comprise capacitance signal detection and processing module, pressure signal detection and processing module, A/D modular converter and master controller; Described temperature sensor is connected with master controller; Described capacitive transducer detects with capacitance signal and processing module is connected, and said capacitance signal detection and processing module are connected with the A/D modular converter; Described A/D modular converter is connected with master controller; Described pressure transducer is connected with the A/D modular converter; Said display device, input equipment module, PC are connected with master controller respectively.
Described capacitive transducer adopts parallel plate electrode formula capacitive transducer.
Said temperature sensor adopts digital temperature sensor.
Said temperature sensor adopts analog temperature sensor.
Said pressure transducer adopts resistance strain type pressure sensor.
Described master controller adopts the AT89S52 singlechip chip.
Described capacitance signal detects and processing module adopts the ac capacitor testing circuit, comprises sinusoidal excitation signal generator, second order active band-pass filter, C/V change-over circuit, signal amplifier and effective value-DC converting circuit.It detects principle basically is to utilize the input signal of the sinusoidal excitation signal of definite frequency as capacitive transducer; The C/V change-over circuit converts the capacitance of capacitive transducer into and is easy to direct measured voltage value; Via connecing last output of effective value testing circuit and the linear corresponding DC voltage of measured capacitance behind the signal amplifier; After the A/D conversion, deliver to single-chip microcomputer and handle, convert capacitance to.
Described temperature signal detection module receives temperature sensor signal, directly links to each other with master controller.
Described pressure signal detects and processing module comprises amplifier and impact damper, is used to receive the signal with the processing pressure sensor, output dc voltage.Pressure signal detection and processing module connect the A/D modular converter and export master controller to, become the volume density value of straw sample through the master controller treatment conversion.This device adopts dual pressure sensor, detects data and averages.
Described display device adopts character type or Chinese character image display device, is used to show the temperature and the water cut value of tested straw sample.
Described input equipment module comprises stalk kind options button, includes corn, wheat, paddy button, and measurement of water ratio key, data are preserved key and method of application brief introduction key.
Described data transmission module adopts serial communication circuit to realize.
Described detection and control circuit, display device, input equipment module and data transmission module all are installed in the device box.
The measuring principle and the method for the utility model be, tested straw sample is placed the probe electrode of capacitive transducer, because the difference of sample water percentage, its specific inductive capacity is also inequality, therefore can know by formula,
Wherein
is the specific inductive capacity of sample between the capacitive transducer probe electrode;
be two electrodes over against area;
is the distance between probe electrode; The capacitance of capacitive transducer probe electrode is respective change also; Combining influence factor then is temperature, volume density; According to the mathematical model between the different crops stalk water percentage of setting up and capacitive transducer capacitance and influence factor temperature, the volume density, obtain the water percentage of tested straw sample indirectly through program calculating.
Volume density in the described influence factor depends on stalk kind, water percentage, compactness, in order to quantize of the influence of stalk compactness to capacitance, in the modeling with the compactness of volume density reflection material.Water percentage is tested value, and material variety can be selected through button when measuring, and therefore, the material volume density can reflect compactness indirectly, can measure through pressure transducer.
The advantage of the said a kind of condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit of the utility model mainly comprises:
1) this condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit provides a kind of equipment that is exclusively used in the stalk measurement of water ratio, for the measurement of water ratio demand of stalk in industrial or agricultural is used provides necessary assurance;
2) this condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit, measuring object is the multiple kinds of crops stalk, can show measurement data in real time in the measuring process;
3) this condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit has been taken all factors into consideration the influence factor of temperature, volume density, has improved the accuracy of detection in the actual measurement;
4) this condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit mainly is made up of sensor and corresponding measurement, control, demonstration and data transmission module, and is simple in structure, with low cost, is convenient to realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the utility model pick-up unit;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the master controller 18 of the utility model pick-up unit;
Fig. 3 is the capacitance signal detection of the utility model pick-up unit and the circuit diagram of processing module 14;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the temperature signal detection module 16 of the utility model pick-up unit;
Fig. 5 is the pressure signal detection of the utility model pick-up unit and the circuit diagram of processing module 15;
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of putting A/D modular converter 17 that the utility model detects dress;
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the display device 19 of the utility model pick-up unit;
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of the input equipment module 20 of the utility model pick-up unit;
Fig. 9 is the structural drawing of the data transmission module circuit 10 of the utility model pick-up unit;
Figure 10 is capacitive transducer 11 outside drawings of the utility model pick-up unit;
Figure 11 is the outside drawing of the box 8 of the utility model pick-up unit.
Embodiment
With embodiment and combine accompanying drawing that the utility model is carried out detailed description, further specify the purpose and the characteristics of the utility model below.
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit; Include sensor 9, detection and control circuit 10, display device 19, input equipment 20, PC 22 compositions, said sensor 9 comprises capacitive transducer 11, temperature sensor 13 and pressure transducer 12; Described detection and control circuit 10 comprise that capacitance signal detects and processing module 14, pressure signal detection and processing module 15, A/D modular converter 17 and master controller 18; Described temperature sensor 13 is connected with master controller 18; Described capacitive transducer 11 detects with capacitance signal and processing module 14 is connected, and said capacitance signal detects and processing module 14 is connected with A/D modular converter 17; Described A/D modular converter 17 is connected with master controller 18; Described pressure transducer 12 is connected with A/D modular converter 17; Said display device 19, input equipment module 20, PC 22 are connected with master controller 18 respectively.
As shown in Figure 2, the described master controller 18 of the utility model adopts AT89S52 singlechip chip and peripheral circuit thereof to form.Capacitor C 13, C14 and crystal oscillator X1 constitute the clock circuit of AT89S52, and resistance R 21, capacitor C 15, D1 and reset/initialization key constitutes the reset circuit of AT89S52, realize the initialization of AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer and reset.
As shown in Figure 3; The described capacitance signal of the utility model detects and processing module 14; Adopt the ac capacitor testing circuit, comprise sinusoidal excitation signal generator, second order active band-pass filter, C/V change-over circuit, signal amplifier and effective value-DC converting circuit.
Said sinusoidal excitation signal generator; ICL8038 forms by the function generation chip; Variable resistor RV1, RV2 are used to regulate the degree of distortion of ICL8038 output sinusoidal excitation signal; Variable resistor RV3 is used to regulate the frequency of confirming ICL8038 output drive signal, the frequency range of capacitor C 2 decision output drive signals.
Said second order active band-pass filter, NE5532 forms by operational amplifier.This second order active band-pass filter is used for the signal of ICL8038 output is carried out filtering and noise reduction, and the sinusoidal excitation signal Ui (t) of frequency is confirmed in output.
Said C/V change-over circuit, capacitive transducer 11 measured capacitance are Cx.Pumping signal Ui (t) converts measured capacitance Cx to through the detecting device of feedback resistance R9 and feedback capacity C7 and operational amplifier OP07 composition the alternating voltage Uo (t) of linear corresponding relation.
Said signal amplification circuit, the AC signal Uo (t) that the C/V change-over circuit is exported amplifies, and AD620 forms by instrument amplifier.
Said effective value-DC converting circuit; Adopt the integrated conversion chip AD536 of RMS-DC, the AC signal after amplifying via AD620 is carried out the direct current conversion, last output dc voltage Uc; Uc delivers to master controller 18 and handles after A/D changes 17 modules, convert capacitance to.
As shown in Figure 4, the described temperature signal detection module 16 of the utility model is used to receive the signal of digital temperature sensor 13, and directly links to each other with the AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 5, the described pressure signal of the utility model detects and processing module 15, and two voltage signal lines of resistance strain type pressure sensor 12 are connected to amplifying circuit, and amplifying circuit is made up of operational amplifier A D620.Operational amplifier OP77AP forms impact damper, and it and AD620 and resistance R 15, R16, R17, R18 constitute an addition and subtraction circuit, realizes the conditioning to pressure transducer 12 output signals, last output dc voltage Um (1,2).Pressure signal detection and processing module 15 connect A/D modular converter 17 and export master controller 18 to, become the volume density value of straw sample through master controller 18 treatment conversion.This device adopts dual pressure sensor, detects data and averages.Pressure transducer 12 is used to gather the volume density of tested stalk.
As shown in Figure 6, the described A/D modular converter 17 of the utility model adopts A/D converter TLC2543, its data input channel AIN0, AIN1 and AIN2 reception analog voltage signal Uc and Um1, Um2.
As shown in Figure 7, the described LCD MODULE 19 of the utility model is made up of LCD12864, and it is connected with AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer display end, in order to show detected water cut value, capacitance, temperature value and volume density value.
As shown in Figure 8; Input equipment module 20 in the said a kind of condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit of the utility model; Form by stand-alone keypad; Be connected with the AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer, comprise stalk kind options button (corn, wheat, paddy), measurement of water ratio key, data preservation key and method of application brief introduction key.
As shown in Figure 9, the described data transmission module 21 of the utility model is made up of the RS232 serial communication circuit, and wherein the T2IN of MAX232 chip and R2OUT mouth connect the TXD and the RXD mouth of AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer respectively.Data transmission 21 modules realize detecting uploading and preserving of data.
Shown in figure 10, the described capacitive transducer 11 of the utility model, comprising probe electrode A1, probe electrode B2, it adopts brass sheet, and 12 is pressure transducer, and 13 is temperature sensor, and 6 are the insulation handle, 7 is connection cable.Wherein probe electrode A1, the probe electrode B2 outside scribble insulation course.Said capacitive transducer 11, temperature sensor 13 are respectively applied for the electric capacity of gathering tested stalk, the temperature of straw sample.
Shown in figure 11, the described movable fixture box 8 of the utility model, wherein said detection and control circuit 10, display device 19, input equipment 20 and data transmission 21 modules all are installed in the movable fixture box 8.
The said a kind of condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit of the utility model, measuring process and process are following: at first, energized and pressing resets/the initialization key, makes device be in state to be measured; Then, the probe electrode of capacitive transducer is inserted in the tested straw sample fully, press stalk kind options button and water percentage successively and detect key, stalk kind options button includes corn button, wheat button, paddy button, makes device be in the measurement state.Since put into straw sample make between the probe electrode specific inductive capacity change; Cause the capacitance variations of probe electrode; After master controller in detection and the control circuit detects this variation; In conjunction with the temperature and the volume density data of temperature sensor and the detected straw sample of pressure transducer, convert the value of straw sample water percentage to by master controller, read the water percentage of straw sample from display device; At last, press data subsequently as required and preserve key, can be with detecting data upload and storing in the PC.
Claims (6)
1. condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit; Comprise sensor (9), detection and control circuit (10), display device (19), input equipment (20), PC (22); It is characterized in that said sensor (9) comprises capacitive transducer (11), temperature sensor (13) and pressure transducer (12); Said detection and control circuit (10) comprise that capacitance signal detects and processing module (14), pressure signal detection and processing module (15), A/D modular converter (17) and master controller (18); Said temperature sensor (13) is connected with master controller (18); Said capacitive transducer (11) detects with capacitance signal and processing module (14) is connected, and said capacitance signal detects and processing module (14) is connected with A/D modular converter (17); Said A/D modular converter (17) is connected with master controller (18); Said pressure transducer (12) is connected with A/D modular converter (17); Said display device (19), input equipment module (20), PC (22) are connected with master controller (18) respectively.
2. according to the said condenser type stalk of claim 1 water percentage pick-up unit, it is characterized in that said capacitive transducer (11) adopts parallel plate electrode formula capacitive transducer.
3. according to the said condenser type stalk of claim 1 water percentage pick-up unit, it is characterized in that said temperature sensor (13) adopts digital temperature sensor.
4. according to the said condenser type stalk of claim 1 water percentage pick-up unit, it is characterized in that said temperature sensor (13) adopts analog temperature sensor.
5. according to the said condenser type stalk of claim 1 water percentage pick-up unit, it is characterized in that said pressure transducer (12) adopts resistance strain type pressure sensor.
6. condenser type stalk water percentage pick-up unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said master controller (18) adopts the AT89S52 singlechip chip.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204297362U CN202305463U (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | Capacitive detecting device for moisture content of straws |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204297362U CN202305463U (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | Capacitive detecting device for moisture content of straws |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202305463U true CN202305463U (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011204297362U Expired - Fee Related CN202305463U (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2011-11-03 | Capacitive detecting device for moisture content of straws |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102393408A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Capacitive detector for moisture content of straw |
| CN105651831A (en) * | 2014-11-15 | 2016-06-08 | 新疆科立机械设备有限公司 | A device of measuring the water content of a granular material based on capacitance |
| WO2020223998A1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-12 | 中山市武汉理工大学先进工程技术研究院 | Device and method for detecting water content of sand and gravel aggregate |
-
2011
- 2011-11-03 CN CN2011204297362U patent/CN202305463U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102393408A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Capacitive detector for moisture content of straw |
| CN105651831A (en) * | 2014-11-15 | 2016-06-08 | 新疆科立机械设备有限公司 | A device of measuring the water content of a granular material based on capacitance |
| WO2020223998A1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-12 | 中山市武汉理工大学先进工程技术研究院 | Device and method for detecting water content of sand and gravel aggregate |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120704 Termination date: 20121103 |