CN102456939B - Improved large-capacity magnesium air battery - Google Patents

Improved large-capacity magnesium air battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102456939B
CN102456939B CN2011100017920A CN201110001792A CN102456939B CN 102456939 B CN102456939 B CN 102456939B CN 2011100017920 A CN2011100017920 A CN 2011100017920A CN 201110001792 A CN201110001792 A CN 201110001792A CN 102456939 B CN102456939 B CN 102456939B
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electrolyte
battery
air battery
magnesium air
circulation pipeline
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CN2011100017920A
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CN102456939A (en
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李忠芳
王素文
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to an improved high-capacity magnesium air battery, which belongs to the technical field of fuel cells and comprises a cathode, an anode and electrolyte, and is characterized in that the cathode is a polymerized phthalocyanine transition metal ion complex cathode, an external circulating electrolyte circulation pipeline is arranged corresponding to the electrolyte, a circulating power pump, a cooling heat exchanger and a purifier are arranged on the electrolyte circulation pipeline, an electrolyte storage tank is also connected on the electrolyte circulation pipeline, and a power pump is additionally arranged on a connecting pipeline between an inlet and an outlet of the electrolyte storage tank. Not only solves the problem of precipitation in the electrolyte, but also solves the problem of temperature rise in the use process of the battery, and is economic and safe.

Description

Improved large-capacity magnesium air battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to an improved large-capacity magnesium air battery, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells.
Background
Nowadays, the environmental protection awareness is increasingly strengthened, and sustainable development is more and more emphasized, the electric automobile is emphasized by people for its cleanness and environmental protection. However, since the development of power batteries is delayed, the power batteries become the bottleneck of the development of electric vehicles, and the research on metal-air batteries as vehicle batteries is receiving attention [ Mao Zongjiang, etc., power technology, 1996,20 (6): 252-266]. In addition, in case of a disaster in a local area, for example, a natural disaster such as an earthquake, a storm, frost, flood, etc., a high-power emergency power source is required once power is interrupted. Therefore, the development and research of the high-power magnesium air battery can not only drive the development of the battery industry, but also drive the development of the industries such as electric vehicles, electronic products and the like, generate good economic benefits, and have important significance on environmental protection, emergency and disaster relief, communication, military, civil use and the like, and national strategic demands [ Yang Weiqian and the like, power technology, 2005, 29 (3): 182-186].
The magnesium alloy air fuel cell (magnesium air cell for short) is an electrochemical power generation device which can directly and continuously convert the chemical energy in magnesium alloy and oxygen (from air) into electric energy, and has the characteristics of high specific energy, rich raw material sources, low cost, safe and convenient use, no pollution and the like. As a high-energy chemical power supply, the power supply can be used for power supplies for electric vehicles, power supplies for movable electronic equipment, power supplies for autonomous submerging devices, emergency standby power supplies and the like. It can not only replace traditional power supplies such as zinc-manganese battery, lead-acid battery, cadmium-nickel battery, etc., but also meet the requirement of power supply in the process of research and development of electric vehicles.
The structure of a common magnesium air battery is that an anode adopts magnesium alloy, an electrolyte adopts NaCl solution, a cathode adopts a gas diffusion electrode, an oxygen reduction reaction part is a gas-solid-liquid three-phase system on the surface of a catalyst, and a smooth gas transmission channel, an electron transmission channel and a hydroxyl ion transmission channel are required. The whole gas diffusion electrode is required to be waterproof and breathable. The problem that the prior disposable batteries such as torpedoes and the like need to be considered is relatively simple. The non-disposable battery, the ordinary magnesium air battery, requires to change the electrolyte after the discharge is completed, and to clean the electrode to remove the flocculent precipitate of the product magnesium hydroxide of the electrode reaction, which brings inconvenience to the operator of the battery and is not beneficial to recycling the product magnesium hydroxide and causes environmental pollution. In addition, the temperature of the battery is increased when the battery discharges at high power for a long time, the corrosion action of the anode is enhanced due to the increase of the temperature of the battery, the hydrogen evolution reaction is intensified, the utilization rate of the magnesium alloy of the anode is influenced, and potential safety hazards are caused by the hydrogen evolved by the anode. Therefore, the above problems of the magnesium-air battery are key technical problems to be solved for the electric vehicle or the large-capacity magnesium-air battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an improved large-capacity magnesium air battery, which not only solves the problem of precipitation in electrolyte, but also solves the problem of temperature rise in the using process of the battery, and is economical and safe.
The improved high-capacity magnesium air battery comprises a cathode, an anode and electrolyte, and is characterized in that the cathode is a polymerized phthalocyanine transition metal ion complex cathode, an external circulating electrolyte circulating pipeline is arranged corresponding to the electrolyte, and a circulating power pump, a cooling heat exchanger and a purifier are arranged on the electrolyte circulating pipeline.
An electrolyte storage tank is further connected to the electrolyte circulation pipeline, and a power pump is additionally arranged on a connecting pipeline between an inlet and an outlet of the electrolyte storage tank.
The clarifier can be the flocculator, at this moment, can connect the settlement equipment in the low reaches of flocculator, and the bottom of settling equipment is equipped with row cinder notch, and the export of settling equipment communicates the electrolyte holding vessel.
The purifier may also be an adsorption filter.
The cooling heat exchanger, the flocculator, the settling device, the electrolyte storage tank, the adsorption filter and the circulating power pump are all common devices or devices in the existing industry, the power pump and the circulating power pump can be different or the same, and the names are different and are convenient for description.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Through the setting of electrolyte extrinsic cycle, can be used to getting rid of the positive pole deposit and the regeneration of magnesium, solved the positive pole deposit and adsorbed electrode surface, or formed the flocculus in electrolyte, increased the demand of battery to water, influenced the problem of battery performance. In addition, the recycling of the anode electrode sediment and the regeneration of magnesium not only can solve the problem of environmental pollution, but also can recycle magnesium resources, thereby solving the problem of reasonable utilization of resources, and being economic and environment-friendly.
(2) The water in the electrolyte is timely replenished through the electrolyte storage tank, and the water management problem of the battery system is solved.
(3) The electrolyte cools the heat exchanger, can adjust the temperature of the battery, solve the problem that the anode hydrogen evolution is accelerated due to the rise of the temperature of the battery in the long-time operation process of the battery, the use efficiency of the anode is influenced, the potential safety hazard caused by a large amount of hydrogen evolution is avoided, and the corrosion of the anode material is aggravated when the temperature of the battery rises. The battery is safe and environment-friendly, and the problem of heat management in the long-term operation process of the battery is solved.
(4) When the battery is not used for a long time, the electrolyte in the battery can be pumped into the electrolyte storage tank, so that the battery can be prevented from automatically discharging or anode corrosion. The service life of the battery can be prolonged. When the battery is started, the electrolyte can be added into the battery by opening the valve, and the battery can start to work, so that the operation is convenient.
(5) The polymerized phthalocyanine transition metal complex has the advantages of simple synthesis process, easily available raw materials, low cost, high catalytic activity of the cathode catalyst, good selectivity and long service life. The cathode adopts the polymerized phthalocyanine transition metal complex, so that the performance of the battery can be improved, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a magnesium air battery 2, a cooling heat exchanger 3, a flocculator 4, a settling device 5, an electrolyte storage tank 6, an adsorption filter A, an anode B, a cathode a, a circulating power pump B and a power pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the improved high-capacity magnesium air battery of the present invention comprises a cathode B, an anode a and an electrolyte, wherein the cathode B is a polymeric phthalocyanine transition metal ion complex cathode, an external circulation electrolyte circulation pipeline is arranged corresponding to the electrolyte, and a circulation power pump a, a cooling heat exchanger 2 and a purifier are arranged on the electrolyte circulation pipeline.
An electrolyte storage tank 5 is further connected to the electrolyte circulation pipeline, and a power pump b is additionally arranged on a connecting pipeline between an inlet and an outlet of the electrolyte storage tank 5.
The clarifier is flocculator 3, and the downstream of flocculator 3 is connected and is subsided equipment 4, and the bottom of subsiding equipment 4 is equipped with row cinder notch, and the export of subsiding equipment 4 communicates electrolyte holding vessel 5.
The scheme constitutes a flocculation and sedimentation method. The process is as follows:
in the magnesium air battery 1, after the electrolyte containing the magnesium hydroxide flocculent precipitate is reacted for a period of time and is cooled in the cooling heat exchanger 2 through the circulating power pump a, the electrolyte enters the flocculator 3, flocculent precipitate particles in the flocculator 3 are enlarged, then the electrolyte enters the settling equipment 4, solid particles are settled and separated from the electrolyte, the precipitate is discharged through a slag discharge port at the bottom of the settling equipment 4, and supernatant is pumped into the magnesium air battery 1 through the power pump b. If a shortage of electrolyte is found, it can be replenished through the electrolyte storage tank 5. If the battery is not used for a long time, the electrolyte in the magnesium air battery 1 can be pumped into the electrolyte storage tank 5 by the circulating power pump a for storage, so that the automatic discharge of the battery or the anode corrosion can be prevented, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. If the battery needs to work, the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank 5 is added into the magnesium air battery 1.
The advantages are that: the operation is simple, and professional operation is not needed.
The disadvantages are as follows: the removal effect of the magnesium hydroxide precipitate is slightly poor, and the electrolyte is partially lost and needs to be supplemented.
The magnesium air battery is suitable for occasions such as power supplies, movable power supplies and the like, and has good effect on the actual running condition of the magnesium air battery.
As shown in fig. 2, the improved high-capacity magnesium air battery of the present invention includes a cathode B, an anode a and an electrolyte, wherein the cathode B is a polymerized phthalocyanine transition metal ion complex cathode, an external circulation electrolyte circulation pipeline is provided corresponding to the electrolyte, and a circulation power pump a, a cooling heat exchanger 2 and a purifier are provided on the electrolyte circulation pipeline.
An electrolyte storage tank 5 is further connected to the electrolyte circulation pipeline, and a power pump b is additionally arranged on a connecting pipeline between an inlet and an outlet of the electrolyte storage tank 5.
The purifier is an adsorption filter 6.
The scheme constitutes an adsorption and filtration method, and the flow is as follows:
in the magnesium air battery 1, after the electrolyte which reacts for a period of time and contains flocculent magnesium hydroxide precipitate is cooled by a circulating power pump a to a cooling heat exchanger 2, the magnesium hydroxide precipitate is removed by an adsorption filter F, and clear liquid is pumped into the magnesium air battery 1 by a power pump b. If a shortage of electrolyte is found, it can be replenished through the electrolyte storage tank 5. If the battery is not used for a long time, the electrolyte in the magnesium air battery can be pumped into the electrolyte storage tank 5 through the power pump a for storage, and when the battery needs to work, the electrolyte is added into the magnesium air battery 1.
The advantages are that: the precipitation removal effect is good, and the electrolyte loss is less.
The disadvantages are as follows: the magnesium hydroxide precipitate collection is slightly complex, the adsorption material needs to be regenerated, and the operator needs to have certain professional level.
The device is suitable for a fixed power supply, and the actual operation condition of the magnesium air battery has the best effect.
According to the schemes shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a 5W magnesium air battery is used for running experiments, and after the schemes shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 and the magnesium air battery without electrolyte circulation are respectively adopted for running for 10 hours, the temperature change and the battery performance stability of the magnesium air battery are detected as follows:
1) The embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1 has the battery temperature kept unchanged, and the battery performance is reduced by 12% compared with the initial start-up.
2) The embodiment 2 as shown in fig. 2, the battery temperature is kept unchanged, and the battery performance is reduced by 5.5% compared with the initial start-up.
3) Without electrolyte circulating system, the temperature of the battery is respectively increased by 12 ℃, and the performance of the battery is reduced by 33.1 percent compared with the initial starting stage.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a modified large capacity magnesium air battery, includes negative pole, positive pole and electrolyte, its characterized in that negative pole is polymerization phthalocyanine transition metal ion complex negative pole, is equipped with outer circulation electrolyte circulation pipeline corresponding to electrolyte, is equipped with circulation power pump, cooling heat exchanger and clarifier on the electrolyte circulation pipeline, still is connected with the electrolyte holding vessel on the electrolyte circulation pipeline, adds the power pump on the connecting line between electrolyte holding vessel import and the export.
2. The improved high-capacity magnesium air battery as recited in claim 1, wherein the purifier is a flocculator, a settling device is connected downstream of the flocculator, a slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the settling device, and an outlet of the settling device is communicated with the electrolyte storage tank.
3. The improved large capacity magnesium air battery as recited in claim 1, wherein the purifier is an adsorption filter.
CN2011100017920A 2011-01-06 2011-01-06 Improved large-capacity magnesium air battery Expired - Fee Related CN102456939B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN102456939B true CN102456939B (en) 2013-12-11

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CN103855446B (en) * 2012-11-29 2015-11-18 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of metal-air battery system electrolyte storage box
CN103296338A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-09-11 北京西区码头商贸有限公司 Aluminum air fuel cell system
CN103390771B (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-12-23 东莞市杉杉电池材料有限公司 A kind of battery electrolyte mixing system
CN104577033B (en) * 2014-10-31 2017-09-29 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Metal fuel battery electrolyte charging method
EP3292577A1 (en) * 2015-05-06 2018-03-14 Suren Martirosyan Zinc-air cell with airlift pump
KR102409386B1 (en) * 2015-07-08 2022-06-15 삼성전자주식회사 Metal air battery system and method for operating the same
CN105161796B (en) * 2015-09-12 2017-11-10 哈尔滨工业大学 Aluminum air battery circulating and filtering system and method
CN108140920A (en) * 2015-10-27 2018-06-08 住友化学株式会社 Magnesium air electrode for cell and magnesium air battery and aromatic compound and metal complex
CN107017415A (en) * 2017-03-09 2017-08-04 桂林恒泰环保科技发展有限公司 A kind of reaction electricity generation system of water and metal
CN108106470A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-06-01 上海华普汽车有限公司 A kind of cooling device and aluminium-air cell
CN108091911A (en) * 2017-12-09 2018-05-29 合肥伏雷科技有限公司 A kind of metal air fuel flow battery with circulated filter system
CN108075212A (en) * 2017-12-09 2018-05-25 合肥伏雷科技有限公司 A kind of single battery and cell apparatus
CN108110299B (en) * 2017-12-14 2020-03-17 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Metal-air battery device, temperature control method thereof and metal-air battery system
CN108417835B (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-12-13 江西理工大学 rare earth phthalocyanine sandwich layered structure cathode material and preparation method thereof
CN108365282B (en) * 2018-04-25 2023-12-26 上海交通大学 Aluminum air battery circulation and precipitation recovery device
KR102615721B1 (en) * 2018-06-18 2023-12-20 선광엘티아이(주) Ultra capacity metal air fuel battery
CN109830712A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-05-31 成都天智轻量化科技有限公司 A kind of chlorine magnesium fuel cell regeneration of electrolyte system and regeneration method
CN109841931B (en) * 2019-03-04 2024-01-09 成都天智轻量化科技有限公司 Magnesium chloride fuel cell
CN110474133B (en) * 2019-08-30 2020-09-29 空天科技有限公司 Thermal management system and aluminum-air generator comprising same
CN110729500B (en) * 2019-10-25 2021-02-09 北京机械设备研究所 Separation system and separation method for reaction product of metal fuel cell
CN111293382A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-16 北京科技大学 Ultrasonic-metal-air battery device and method for removing product on surface of metal cathode
CN114381751A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-22 世能氢电科技有限公司 Low-energy-consumption continuous separation Mg-H2Method for preparing O battery electrolyte

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