CN102456097B - Method for identifying authenticity of Jingdezhen plum vases in all ages by utilizing porcelain shape structure digitalization - Google Patents
Method for identifying authenticity of Jingdezhen plum vases in all ages by utilizing porcelain shape structure digitalization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for identifying the authenticity of Jingdezhen plum vases in all ages by utilizing porcelain shape structure digitalization. The front view of the plum vase is subjected to data acquisition and conversion by adopting a wavelet-analysis-based boundary extraction method, least-square-method-based curve fitting and function extremum analysis in Matlab software; a characteristic value database of the heights, the maximum radiuses of upper abdomens, the minimum radiuses of lower abdomens, the radiuses of vase openings, the heights and curvatures of the parts of the upper abdomens with the maximum radiuses, the heights and curvatures of the parts of the lower abdomens with the minimum radiuses, bottom diameters and the like of the Jingdezhen plum vases in all ages is established; proportional relations among numerical characteristic values are calculated, and the characteristics and changing rules of the proportional relations in different development stages are generalized by adopting a mathematical statistics method; corresponding authenticity identification functions for different ages are established according to the characteristics and changing rules of the proportional relations; and for any unknown Jingdezhen plum vase porcelain in all ages, the authenticity of the plum vase porcelain can be identified by acquiring the porcelain shape digitalization data of the plum vase porcelain by adopting the same method and substituting analytical data into an identification function for calculation. The method is highly scientific and practical, easy to operate, and remarkable in economic benefit and social benefit and can meet the requirements of field testing and identification; an identification result is accurate; and samples are completely nondestructive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ancient pottery and porcelain qualification field, especially utilize the configuration digitizing of ancient pottery and porcelain implements to represent that to the outstanding of Chinese ancient porcelain Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase carries out the method for science and technology qualification.
Background technology
In the whole world growing relic collection and auction marketplace, Chinese pottery collectibles are always focuses of auction marketplace, and auction price is constantly high.The terrible millet of continuing is gone down the hill in Christie " Chinese pottery, technique fine work and the export trade handicraft " auction that Yuan Dynasty's Jing Dezhen Blue and White Jar holds in London in July, 2005, after being bought by Wall Street one entrepreneur with more than 2,770 ten thousand dollars (2.3 hundred million yuan of Renminbi), in a private legacy auction of holding in this auction room of London Banbridge in November, 2010, a clear Qianrong Jing Dezhen powder enamel hollow out porcelain vase strikes a bargain with the sky-high price of 5,160 ten thousand pounds (5.5 hundred million yuan of Renminbi), becomes the ceramics that the whole world is the most expensive.Therefore, under the driving of tremendous economic interests, some lawless persons mix the spurious with the genuine or illegally smuggling, to China Jing Dezhen successive dynasties porcelain fake and the phenomenon of smuggling very serious, both impacted on the one hand market, cause huge economic loss to many mechanisms and individual, meanwhile, make again the many rare cultural relics of China run off overseas.Therefore identification of means how to set up and improve a set of science becomes the focus of social concerns.
In the last hundred years, people normally in traditional " order mirror " mode to the Chinese ancient porcelain source division of history into periods of breaking.Its disconnected source division of history into periods mainly relies on assessor's sense organ, and therefore, same implements, through different assessor's qualifications, occur distinct conclusion sometimes.In view of this, people are in constantly enriching and improving traditional identification method, also at the new authentication method of exploring by means of natural technological means.Up to now, what modern science technological means was applied to that ancient pottery and porcelain science and technology differentiates mainly contains two kinds, respectively thermoluminescence technology and energy dispersion xrf analysis technology, but, thermoluminescent method has certain destructiveness to implements, to cannot clearly preserving the implements of environment, its error at measurment is larger simultaneously.And to the Counterfeit Item through x-ray bombardment, the indistinguishable true and false; And energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) authentication method also has certain limitation,, if the element of certain type ancient pottery and porcelain composition is the significantly Changing Pattern of nothing for difference at any time, the validity of its qualification result will directly be affected, in addition, all there is the shortcoming expensive, not portable, dirigibility is poor in thermoluminescence survey technology and energy dispersion xrf analysis technology institute use equipment, has restricted to a certain extent carrying out of ancient pottery and porcelain qualification work.At present, begin one's study other scientific and technological authentication method of existing relevant scholar, as: for mirror method for distinguishing " a kind of method of utilizing colourity and the density qualification Jing Dezhen successive dynasties government porcelain kiln blue and white porcelain true and false " gain the national patent (patent No. CN201010120823.X) of the Jing Dezhen successive dynasties government porcelain kiln blue and white porcelain true and false, but in the method, the test of implements density is not easy to operate to large part implements qualification.Therefore, further supplement and to research and develop new scientific and technological authenticate technology and method extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for current various ancient pottery and porcelain authentication methods, according to the feature of China Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase, research and develop a kind of scientific and technological authentication method of easy, accurate and harmless Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase.
The method of utilizing the configuration digitizing qualification Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase true and false provided by the invention, carry out in the steps below successively:
1) front view that extensively gathers plum vase in the each kiln report on the excavation of representative Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase sample front view and Jing Dezhen is as sample;
2) adopt the border that in Matlab software, the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis is extracted each plum vase sample front view, again the curve based on least square method is carried out in border, then fitting function is carried out to extreme value analysis, find out the logical high a of plum vase, upper abdomen maximum radius b, lower abdomen least radius c, bottleneck radius d, the high e in upper abdomen maximum radius place, the curvature k8 of upper abdomen maximum radius place, the high f in lower abdomen least radius place, the curvature k9 of lower abdomen least radius place and footpath, end g data value, simultaneously according to k1=e/a, k2=f/a, k3=b/c, k4=a/b, k5=a/d, k6=a/g, k7=a, calculate various characteristic k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, and data building database to be obtained, the discriminant function (F1), (F2) that set up Jing Dezhen plum vase typical case characteristics of the times by Multielement statistical analysis method, the discriminant function of setting up is as follows:
F1=0.0204*k1-0.0007*k2+0.2193*k3+0.1769*k4+0.2928*k5+0.2934*k6+0.2808*k7+0.0672*k8-0.0065*k9
F2=0.3259*k1+0.4953*k2-0.2362*k3+0.2959*k4+0.0782*k5-0.0567*k6+0.0025*k7-0.2037*k8-0.0208*k9；
Draw out plum vase type characterization factor figure with Mathematical Statistics Analysis mapping software again;
3) adopt the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis, the curve based on least square method and extreme value of a function analysis in Matlab software, the front view of plum vase to be identified is carried out to collection and the conversion of above-mentioned corresponding data, obtain the high and curvature in logical height, upper abdomen maximum radius, lower abdomen least radius, bottleneck radius, the upper abdomen maximum radius place of plum vase to be identified, lower abdomen least radius place high and curvature and footpath, end data value, calculated characteristics numerical value proportionate relationship.
4) data of plum vase to be identified are input in discriminant function and are calculated, and compare with differentiating factor graph, can provide qualification and differentiate result.
The acquisition of technical solution of the present invention has following theoretical background: Jing Dezhen produces porcelain since five generations, and the Song dynasty is produced shadowy blue glaze porcelain and well-known.And local authorities of the Yuan Dynasty establish special porcelain making operated by official bodies mechanism---Fuliang magnetic office at Jing Dezhen head, indicate that Rose of Jingdezhen is combined tightr with society and politics, culture background.Geng Jing Dezhen, Ming Dynasty court of a feudal ruler Pearl Mountain is set up Liao Yu kiln factory, Chinese porcelain is produced and progressed into a period of great prosperity, outshines othersOne branch of the tree is particularly thriving at home and even in the world.Along with the emergence of wood-fired kiln, the porcelain impact in Jing Dezhen has fed through to all parts of the country.In very long Rose of Jingdezhen sintering procedure, its product-forming is not unalterable, but along with society and politics, culture background, imperial palace cultural influence and changing even.
Wherein, plum vase is a kind of common bottle formula in porcelain in ancient times, and it comes from China's the Tang Dynasty, shapes in the common cave of Northern Song Dynasty, goes through Tang, Song, unit, bright, clear and modern times, and officials and civilians' kiln is competitively produced.Its basic styling is characterized as osculum, short neck, rich shoulder, and upper abdomen is perfectly round big and fleshy, and lower abdomen is containing, the condiment such as device body earless, ring, and figure is slender, beautiful design.Plum vase is mainly display, views and admires furnishings and offer a sacrifice to gods or ancestors implements as splendid attire drinking vessel, flower arrangement in history, it is the stuff that the kinsman of the emperor of successive dynasties and high-level officials enjoy before death, thing in their tomb that is after death buried with the dead of Chang Zuowei is the very important type of a class in ancient pottery and porcelain again.Jing Dezhen was burnt and is made plum vase since the Song dynasty, and type was slender slim and graceful at that time; The anti-Song dynasty style of Yuan Dynasty's implements moulding one is tall and big rough; Ming Dynasty's moulding is beautiful primitive and crude, pure and fresh grace, and Qing Dynasty's plum vase is changed the vertical moulding of Ming Dynasty's shoulder circle, and how rich shoulder be straight.The pottery of different times, type has obvious difference, and modern Counterfeit Item due to be difficult at aspects such as carcass raw material, chemical composition, forming technology and burning process with ancient times genuine piece be consistent, thereby the device shape size of Counterfeit Item and genuine piece more or less there are differences.This is that antique pottery porcelain eye is learned one of important evidence of identifying.But, when learn porcelain in ancient times such as qualification plum vase etc. with eye, because surveyor's cultural quality, knowledge, outlook, mind and phychology is separately different, and the many exquisite part of traditional identification method, often understanding by thinking cannot be explained in words, and lacks objective standard, individual's subjective consciousness often has material impact to expert's conclusion,, through different assessor's qualifications, sometimes unexpectedly there is distinct conclusion in same implements.In this case, how to introduce modern science and technology, the method that tradition eye is learned to qualification is entered a systematization, scientific and theorize, and is one of ancient pottery and porcelain qualification field problem demanding prompt solution.
In view of this, we can adopt the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis in Matlab software, curve based on least square method and extreme value of a function analysis, the front view of plum vase is carried out to data acquisition and conversion, gather the logical height of plum vase, upper abdomen maximum radius, lower abdomen least radius, bottleneck radius, upper abdomen maximum radius place is high, upper abdomen maximum radius place curvature, lower abdomen least radius place is high, the data such as lower abdomen least radius place's curvature and footpath, the end, calculated characteristics numerical value proportionate relationship, and utilize Multielement statistical analysis method analysis to measure data, can set up Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase genuine/counterfeit discriminating function.
Compared with of the present invention and traditional authentication method, there is following beneficial effect:
1) completely harmless to sample;
2) experimental implementation and process are simple;
3) only need common mapping instrument and computer, facilitate on-the-spot test and qualification;
4) scientific strong, practical, there is extraordinary economic benefit and social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is plum vase front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 plum vase type characterization factor load diagram.
Fig. 3 is overview flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
1) gather the Front view 1 of plum vase in the each kiln report on the excavation of representative Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase sample front view and Jing Dezhen;
2) adopt the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis, the curve based on least square method and extreme value of a function analysis in Matlab software, the front view of plum vase is carried out to data acquisition and conversion, obtain the data 2 such as logical high a, upper abdomen maximum radius b, lower abdomen least radius c, bottleneck radius d, the high e in upper abdomen maximum radius place and curvature k8, the high f in lower abdomen least radius place and curvature k9 and footpath, the end g of plum vase;
3) calculate the data 3 such as k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, k9;
Wherein:
k1=e/a；
k2=f/a；
k3=b/c；
k4=a/b；
k5=a/d；
k6=a/g；
k7=a；
K8=upper abdomen maximum radius place curvature;
K9=lower abdomen least radius place curvature
4) set up the configuration digitalized data storehouse 4 of Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase;
5) the configuration data of Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase are carried out to multivariate statistical analysis, seek and establish the discriminant function 5 of Jing Dezhen plum vase typical case characteristics of the times;
The discriminant function of setting up is as follows:
F1=0.0204*k1-0.0007*k2+0.2193*k3+0.1769*k4+0.2928*k5+0.2934*k6+0.2808*k7+0.0672*k8-0.0065*k9
F2=0.3259*k1+0.4953*k2-0.2362*k3+0.2959*k4+0.0782*k5-0.0567*k6+0.0025*k7-0.2037*k8-0.0208*k9
6) with SPSS statistical software analysis and distinguishing function (F1), (F2) and be depicted as plum vase type characterization factor Fig. 6;
7) measure the data 7 of plum vase to be identified, and calculated characteristics numerical value proportionate relationship 8;
8) adopt the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis, the curve based on least square method and extreme value of a function analysis in Matlab software, the front view of plum vase to be identified is carried out to data acquisition and conversion, obtaining the measurement data 7 of plum vase to be identified and computational data 8 is input in discriminant function and calculates, and compare with differentiation factor graph, if result of calculation falls in the corresponding dynasty region of factor graph, can judge that plum vase to be identified is genuine piece 9, otherwise be Counterfeit Item 10.
embodiment 1
First, adopt the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis, the curve based on least square method and extreme value of a function analysis in Matlab software, there is the front view of the plum vase of " large clear Kangxu's year system " back stamp to carry out data acquisition and conversion to 2 bottoms, obtain logical high a, upper abdomen maximum radius b, lower abdomen least radius c, bottleneck radius d, the high e in upper abdomen maximum radius place and song (k8, the high f in lower abdomen least radius place and curvature k9 and footpath, the end g data of plum vase, calculate various characteristics simultaneously, the results are shown in table 1; Again above-mentioned data substitution discriminant function is calculated.Result of calculation is:
The discriminant score F1=8.73 of KX-1, F2=-1.80, contrast plum vase type characterization factor figure, falls within the scope of the Tu Zhong Qing Dynasty, therefore, can determine that it is Qing Dynasty's plum vase;
The discriminant score F1=-12.96 of KX-2, F2=-1.96, contrast plum vase type characterization factor figure, falls within outside Tu Zhong Qing Dynasty scope, so can be judged to be plum porcelain processed in non-large clear Kangxu's this year, is imitative product.
Visible, adopt the true and false of utilizing the method for the configuration digitizing qualification Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum porcelain true and false can differentiate exactly Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase of the present invention, there is extraordinary Social benefit and economic benefit.
2 " large clear Kangxu's year system " money plum vase data that table 1 is to be identified
| Numerical value title | KX-1 | KX-2 |
| k1 | 0.717 | 0.702 |
| k2 | 0.1118 | 0.147 |
| k3 | 1.972 | 1.672 |
| k4 | 1.410 | 3 |
| k5 | 6.235 | 6.228 |
| k6 | 2.684 | 0.987 |
| k7 | 16.6 | 31.6 |
| k8 | 11.594 | 15.9 |
| k9 | 2.873 | 1.211 |
Claims (1)
1. a method of utilizing the configuration digitizing qualification Jing Dezhen successive dynasties plum vase true and false, is characterized in that carrying out in the steps below successively:
1) front view that gathers plum vase in the each kiln report on the excavation of plum vase sample front view and Jing Dezhen of Jing Dezhen Song dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, phase on tomorrow morning, tomorrow evening phase and the Qing Dynasty is as sample;
2) adopt the border that in Matlab software, the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis is extracted each plum vase sample front view, again the curve based on least square method is carried out in border, then fitting function is carried out to extreme value analysis, find out plum vase from plum vase opening's edge to plum vase bottom vertical range a, upper abdomen maximum radius b, lower abdomen least radius c, bottleneck radius d, the high e in upper abdomen maximum radius place, the curvature k8 of upper abdomen maximum radius place, the high f in lower abdomen least radius place, the curvature k9 of lower abdomen least radius place and bottom radius g data value, simultaneously according to k1=e/a, k2=f/a, k3=b/c, k4=a/b, k5=a/d, k6=a/g, k7=a, calculate various characteristic data value k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, and two parts data value building database arriving with above-mentioned gained, two the discriminant function F1 and the F2 that set up Jing Dezhen plum vase typical case characteristics of the times by Multielement statistical analysis method, F1 and F2 functional expression are:
F1=0.0204*k1-0.0007*k2+0.2193*k3+0.1769*k4+0.2928*k5+0.2934*k6+0.2808*k7+0.0672*k8-0.0065*k9
F2=0.3259*k1+0.4953*k2-0.2362*k3+0.2959*k4+0.0782*k5-0.0567*k6+0.0025*k7-0.2037*k8-0.0208*k9；
Again with SPSS statistical software analysis and distinguishing function F 1 and F2 and be depicted as plum vase type characterization factor figure;
3) adopt the Boundary Extraction method based on wavelet analysis, the curve based on least square method and extreme value of a function analysis in Matlab software, the front view of plum vase to be identified is carried out to collection and the conversion of above-mentioned corresponding data, obtain the high and curvature of vertical range, upper abdomen maximum radius, lower abdomen least radius, bottleneck radius, upper abdomen maximum radius, the lower abdomen least radius place of bottom from plum vase opening's edge to plum vase of plum vase to be identified high and curvature and bottom radius data value, and calculated characteristics data value;
4) above-mentioned the obtained data value of plum vase to be identified is input in discriminant function and is calculated, and compare with differentiating factor graph, can provide qualification and differentiate result.
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| CN101324532A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-17 | 廖鑑波 | Method for identifying ancient ceramic microscopic science air blister characteristic |
| CN101776481A (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2010-07-14 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Identification method of Jingdezhen ancient officialware blue and white porcelain by using chromaticity and density |
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| CN101324532A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-17 | 廖鑑波 | Method for identifying ancient ceramic microscopic science air blister characteristic |
| CN101776481A (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2010-07-14 | 景德镇陶瓷学院 | Identification method of Jingdezhen ancient officialware blue and white porcelain by using chromaticity and density |
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| 不同历史时期耀州窑碗器型结构特征之研究;罗宏杰等;《中国陶瓷工业》;20031231;第10卷(第6期);第1-4页 * |
| 罗宏杰等.不同历史时期耀州窑碗器型结构特征之研究.《中国陶瓷工业》.2003,第10卷(第6期),1-4. |
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