CN102444410B - Method for positioning and forming hidden and buried grotto in geomechanical model test - Google Patents
Method for positioning and forming hidden and buried grotto in geomechanical model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN102444410B CN102444410B CN 201110287254 CN201110287254A CN102444410B CN 102444410 B CN102444410 B CN 102444410B CN 201110287254 CN201110287254 CN 201110287254 CN 201110287254 A CN201110287254 A CN 201110287254A CN 102444410 B CN102444410 B CN 102444410B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for positioning and forming a hidden and buried grotto in a geomechanical model test. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) manufacturing a wooden mould which has the same shape as the grotto, fixing a positioning steel rod in the middle at the top of the wooden mould of the grotto, connecting the positioning steel rod with a steel cross beam on a model frame through a positioning bolt, and moving the positioning steel rod up and down by translating the steel cross beam and rotating the positioning bolt to position the hidden and buried grotto precisely; 2) according to the spatial shape of the wooden mould of the grotto, manufacturing a high-strength pressing plate with steel lantern rings which are concentric and have different diameters, and compacting a model material layer by layer by using the high-strength pressing plate; and 3) moving the positioning steel rod up by rotating the positioning bolt, and pulling out the wooden mould to form a modeled hidden and buried grotto. By adopting the method, the modeled hidden and buried grottoes with different shapes and different diameters can be manufactured; the spatial precise positioning of the hidden and buried grotto can be realized; the interference of the model material on the periphery of the grotto in the grotto forming process is reduced; and standard shape, smooth inner wall and uniform and compact peripheral material of the grotto are effectively ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to location and the forming method of the buried cavern of a kind of geomechanical model test, relate generally to a kind of in the underground construction geomechanical model test of the deep in the energy, resource and defence construction field location and the forming method of buried cavern.
Background technology
In recent years, China's economic development is more and more rapider, and the requirement of infrastructure construction is improved constantly.Along with the development of national economy, the underground engineering in the fields such as large quantities of water power, traffic, the energy, national defence puts into operation successively.Underground construction because of it disguised and complexity one side need to by theoretical research, need to study by model testing on the other hand.Geomechanical model test can true reappearance work progress and the continuous variation of runing process mesarcs cavern mechanical environment of living under the condition that substantially satisfies the principle of similitude.Model testing is the stability of Study of The Underground engineering structures effectively, and optimal design construction and operation scheme and logarithm value simulation results are verified, and be significant for large complicated underground construction.For underground chamber buried in some water power and the energy project, how to realize that the location of buried cavern and moulding are the keys of these underground engineering model testing success.
At present, both at home and abroad the present Research to the forming method of the buried cavern of underground project model test is as follows:
(1) " Wuhan water conservancy and hydropower college journal " the 1st phase in 1994 has been introduced a kind of method of building the cavern with prefabricated section by laying bricks or stones.This method is carved pellet with prefabricated section by the shape and size of cavern and is built into predetermined position, takes out pellet during test and forms the cavern.This method weak point is that the hole cavity wall forms seam easily, and physical and mechanical parameter is discontinuous between the prefabricated section, and is larger on the result of the test impact.
(2) " rock mechanics " the 12nd phase in 2009 has been introduced a kind of model test method of rock salt gas storage, and this method is built raw material in mould, at last with surperficial equating moulding, is used for simulating the horizontal section in chamber, hole.The method can only be used for simulating the partial cross section of cavern, can't study the force and deformation situation of whole cavern in the operation process.
(3) application number is method and the special equipment that the Chinese patent of 02129366.x discloses hidden cavern excavation in a kind of physical model test, adopt three grades of localization methods that transmit step by step, change the absolute positioning system under the absolute coordinate system into the relative positioning system, and designed special-purpose excavation equipment.This method is carried out hidden cavern excavation and will be positioned on the basis that previous stage is excavated the cavern, and can't carry out the excavation of variable cross-section cavern.
(4) application number is the cavitation device that 201110067678.8 patent of invention proposes the buried cavern of a kind of underground construction test model, but this patent is not introduced location and the forming method in chamber, the buried hole of model.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide that accurately locate the buried cavern of a kind of model testing, location and the forming method of the buried cavern of geomechanical model test of rapid shaping.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
Location and the forming method of the buried cavern of a kind of geomechanical model test may further comprise the steps:
1), makes chamber, hole wooden model: according to the buried cavern of model size, adopt the high-quality solid wood to make the hole chamber wooden model consistent with the hole cavity shape;
2), chamber, hole, location: fix a location steel pole at chamber, hole wooden model crown center, attacked accurate thread on the steel pole of location, to locate the steel crossbeam that arranges on steel pole and the model support by positioning bolt is connected, move up and down the location steel pole by translation crossbeam and rotation positioning bolt, realize the accurate location in chamber, hole;
3), make pressing plate: according to the bulk of chamber, hole wooden model, make high-strength pressing plate, leave circular opening in the middle of the high-strength pressing plate, at least one steel collar of hole arranged outside, the steel collar is the donut that high-strength pressing plate cutting forms, in the cast material compacting process, by layered disassembling with install the steel collar additional and guarantee that all the time the interior diameter of the same aspect pressing plate of cavern's wooden model circular opening and the outer sectional dimension of chamber, hole wooden model are complementary;
4), the layering binder: with the cast material that stirs along chamber, hole wooden model from lower to upper layering pave, then adopt the high-strength pressing plate compaction in layers cast material with the steel collar, until the cast material landfill is compacted to wooden model top, chamber, hole; In cast material compaction in layers process, need to or install the steel collar additional according to the outer sectional dimension layered disassembling of chamber, hole wooden model;
5), withdrawing pattern coelosis: behind the model compaction moulding, by spanner rotation positioning bolt, drive the location steel pole and move up, thereby chamber, the hole wooden model that will be fixed on the steel pole of location is extracted last chamber, the buried hole of formation model.
The quantity of the described steel collar is determined according to the spatial form of chamber, hole wooden model.Chamber, prismatic hole wooden model (such as cylinder) only needs a steel collar; Chamber, hole wooden model (such as spheroid) to variable cross-section, need according to wooden model bulk arrange a plurality of with one heart, different-diameter can dismantle the steel collar, connect by the endoporus pin between a plurality of steel collars, can change the diameter of the middle circular opening of pressing plate by the steel collar of dismounting different-diameter.
The present invention adopts and makes the hole chamber wooden model consistent with the hole cavity shape, fixes a location steel pole of attacking accurate thread at chamber, hole wooden model crown center, and the employing positioning bolt will be located steel pole and is connected with steel crossbeam on the model support.Can realize the accurate location in chamber, buried hole by translation steel crossbeam and rotation positioning bolt.Use by moving the location steel pole on the rotation positioning bolt, is extracted formation model buried hole chamber with wooden model with the high-strength pressing plate compaction in layers cast material of the different-diameter steel collar.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) by translation steel crossbeam and on move and move down the location steel pole, the accurate location in chamber, the buried hole of implementation model.
(2) in the model compaction in layers process, by dismantling or installing the steel collar additional, can conveniently make the molded cavity chamber of variable cross-section bulk.
(3) move the location steel pole by rotation on the positioning bolt, can extract efficiently and easily wooden model, chamber, the buried hole of formation model guarantees that effectively tunnel shape rule, inner wall smooth, all materials in hole are evenly closely knit.
(4) this invention can be widely used in the underground construction geomechanical model test in the fields such as traffic, water power, the energy, mine, national defence, can realize the rapid shaping in the chamber, buried hole of various shape and size, greatly improve precision and the degree of accuracy of cavern's moulding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is chamber, the buried hole of model positioner schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the high-strength pressure plate structure schematic diagram of model;
Fig. 3 is the horizontal section structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2;
Among the figure, 1. chamber, hole wooden model; 2. location steel pole; 3. accurate thread; 4. positioning bolt; 5. steel crossbeam; 6. high-strength pressing plate; 7. the steel collar; 8. endoporus pin; 9. model support; 10. cast material.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Among Fig. 1, fix a location steel pole 2 at chamber, hole wooden model 1 crown center, steel pole 2 has been attacked accurate thread 3 in the location, and the steel crossbeam 5 on will locating steel pole 2 and be located at model support 9 by positioning bolt 4 is connected.Translation steel crossbeam 5 and rotation positioning bolt 4 move up and down location steel pole 2, bury the accurate location in chamber, hole in can realizing.
Among Fig. 2,3, leave circular opening in the middle of the high-strength pressing plate 6, the hole arranged outside is a plurality of with one heart, the demountable steel collar 7 of different-diameter, links together by endoporus pin 8 between the steel collar 7, and the steel collar 7 is comprised of some donuts that high-strength pressing plate 6 cuttings form.Can change the diameter of the middle circular opening of pressing plate by the increase and decrease steel collar 7.
Location and the forming method of the buried cavern of a kind of underground project model test may further comprise the steps:
1, makes wooden model: according to the buried cavern of model size, adopt the high-quality solid wood to make the wooden die 1 consistent with the hole cavity shape.
2, chamber, hole, location: fix a location steel pole 2 at chamber, hole wooden model 1 crown center, accurate thread 3 has been attacked on the steel pole 2 in the location, and the steel crossbeam 5 that will locate setting on steel pole 2 and the model support 9 by positioning bolt 4 is connected.Move up and down location steel pole 2 by translation crossbeam 5 and rotation positioning bolt 4, realize the accurate location in chamber, buried hole.
3, make pressing plate: according to the bulk of wooden model 1, make high-strength pressing plate 6, leave circular opening in the middle of the high-strength pressing plate 6, the hole arranged outside is a plurality of with one heart, the demountable steel collar 7 of different-diameter, links together by endoporus pin 8 between the steel collar 7.The interior diameter of the circular opening of the same aspect in cavern is consistent with the outer sectional dimension of chamber, hole wooden model 1, in the cast material compacting process, by layered disassembling with install the steel collar 7 additional and guarantee that all the time the interior diameter of the same aspect pressing plate of cavern's wooden model circular opening and the outer sectional dimension of chamber, hole wooden model 1 are complementary.The number of the steel collar 7 is determined according to the spatial form of chamber, hole wooden model 1.Chamber, the hole wooden model 1 (such as cylinder) of equal cross section only needs a steel collar 7; To chamber, the hole wooden model 1 (such as spheroid) of variable cross-section, need according to wooden model 1 bulk a plurality of steel collars 7 to be set.
4, layering binder: with the cast material 10 that stirs along chamber, hole wooden model 1 from lower to upper layering pave, then adopt the high-strength pressing plate 6 compaction in layers cast materials 10 with the steel collar 7, until cast material 10 landfills are compacted to wooden model 1 top, chamber, hole.In cast material 10 compaction in layers processes, need to or install the steel collar 7 additional according to the outer sectional dimension layered disassembling of wooden model 1.
5, withdrawing pattern coelosis: behind the model compaction moulding, by spanner rotation positioning bolt 4, drive location steel pole 2 and move up, thereby the cavity wooden model 1 that will be fixed on the steel pole 2 of location is extracted last chamber, the buried hole of formation model.
Claims (2)
1. the location of the buried cavern of geomechanical model test and forming method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1), makes chamber, hole wooden model: according to the buried cavern of model size, adopt the high-quality solid wood to make the hole chamber wooden model consistent with the hole cavity shape;
2), chamber, hole, location: fix a location steel pole at chamber, hole wooden model crown center, attacked accurate thread on the steel pole of location, to locate the steel crossbeam that arranges on steel pole and the model support by positioning bolt is connected, move up and down the location steel pole by translation crossbeam and rotation positioning bolt, realize the accurate location in chamber, hole;
3), make pressing plate: according to the bulk of chamber, hole wooden model, make high-strength pressing plate, leave circular opening in the middle of the high-strength pressing plate, at least one the steel collar of hole arranged outside, the steel collar is the donut that is formed by high-strength pressing plate cutting; In the cast material compacting process, by layered disassembling with install the steel collar additional and guarantee that all the time the interior diameter of the same aspect pressing plate of cavern's wooden model circular opening and the outer sectional dimension of chamber, hole wooden model are complementary;
4), layering binder: with the cast material that stirs along chamber, hole wooden model from lower to upper layering pave, then adopt the high-strength pressing plate compaction in layers cast material with the steel collar, until the cast material landfill is compacted to wooden model top, chamber, hole, in cast material compaction in layers process, need to or install the steel collar additional according to the outer sectional dimension layered disassembling of chamber, hole wooden model;
5), withdrawing pattern coelosis: behind the model compaction moulding, by spanner rotation positioning bolt, drive the location steel pole and move up, thereby chamber, the hole wooden model that will be fixed on the steel pole of location is extracted last chamber, the buried hole of formation model.
2. location and the forming method of the buried cavern of geomechanical model test as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 3) in the quantity of the steel collar determine that according to the spatial form of chamber, hole wooden model chamber, prismatic hole wooden model only needs a steel collar; Chamber, hole wooden model to variable cross-section, according to wooden model bulk arrange a plurality of with one heart, different-diameter can dismantle the steel collar, connect by the endoporus pin between a plurality of steel collars, can change the diameter of the middle circular opening of pressing plate by the steel collar of dismounting different-diameter.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110287254 CN102444410B (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2011-09-23 | Method for positioning and forming hidden and buried grotto in geomechanical model test |
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| CN 201110287254 CN102444410B (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2011-09-23 | Method for positioning and forming hidden and buried grotto in geomechanical model test |
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| CN102444410B true CN102444410B (en) | 2013-10-30 |
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| CN103234724B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Shaping method for experimental grotto of earthquake simulated vibration platform model |
| CN104297011B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-08-24 | 山东大学 | The shaping of cavern and space-location method in high brittle transparent rock-like materials test specimen |
| CN108278118B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-03-29 | 山东大学 | Geomechanical model test labyrinth cavity group excavates positioning device and method |
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| SU1716559A1 (en) * | 1989-05-15 | 1992-02-28 | Ивано-Франковский Институт Нефти И Газа | For preparation of cracked bed model to studies |
| CN1166839C (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-09-15 | 清华大学 | Method and special apparatus for excavation of concealed grotto in solid model test |
| CN100570671C (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-12-16 | 清华大学 | Based on the geomechanics model method for making of hitting real merit compound action function reverse control principle |
| RU2368785C1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-09-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт имени Г.В. Плеханова (технический университет)" | Investigation method of bolting work on models implemented from equivalent materials and device for its implementation |
| CN101950504B (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-10-19 | 山东大学 | Geomechanics model layering compaction air drying manufacturing and grooving embedding tester method |
| CN101950503B (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-05-23 | 山东大学 | Layered disassembling compacting experimental device for manufacturing geomechanical model |
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