CN109507393B - Indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system and method thereof - Google Patents
Indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises a two-dimensional test bed, a coal bed, a direct roof, a basic roof, a soft stratum I, a key layer I, a soft stratum II, a key layer II, a soft stratum III, a key layer III and a loose layer are sequentially arranged in the two-dimensional test bed from bottom to top, a loading device is arranged on the upper surface of the loose layer, a sightline I and a sightline II are arranged between the key layer III and the soft stratum III, a sightline III and a sightline IV are arranged between the key layer II and the soft stratum II, and a sightline V and a sightline VI are arranged between the key layer I and the soft stratum I; the first, third and fifth observation lines are buried in the bottommost areas of the three key layers respectively, and the second, fourth and sixth observation lines are buried in the topmost areas of the three soft formations respectively. The invention can accurately observe the specific condition of the overlying strata and the effect after filling, and the grouting control simulation system can control the movement and deformation of the upper strata and reduce the subsidence of the ground surface through three-stage sleeve sequential grouting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine surface subsidence control, in particular to an indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system and method.
Background
China is a country with abundant coal resources, and the ascertained coal reserves account for about 12.6% of the world coal reserves, and is also a large country for producing coal. The production of coal in China is the first in the world for many years, and the annual production of coal from underground exceeds 38 hundred million tons. In the past decades, large-scale subsidence occurs on the ground in many coal resource exploitation areas under disordered and rough exploitation of coal resources, and the surface subsidence has a great destructive effect on the ecological environment of mining areas and is accompanied by environmental problems such as water and soil loss, land desertification and the like, so people are increasingly receiving attention due to subsidence brought by coal mine exploitation and related environmental problems.
In order to safely mine the 'three lower' coal, reduce ground subsidence and protect mining area environment, various different mining technical measures are adopted at home and abroad for many years. The method mainly utilizes the filling of foreign materials in a separation layer cavity formed in the process of moving from a drilling hole arranged on the ground to rock so as to play a role in supporting the overlying strata and reduce the moving and spreading speed of the rock stratum to the ground. The grouting material diffuses, moves, piles up and gradually fills the separation layer space under the action of high-pressure pumping along with the bending, deformation and even fracture of the separation layer belt rock stratum.
Currently, overburden delamination grouting filling technology mainly focuses on grouting filling a single horizon, and this still has many disadvantages. Firstly, due to the complexity of stratum structure, the change on the plane is large, and it is difficult to ensure that a single grouting layer is the optimal layer; second, single horizon grouting, once the separation layer surface of the grouting is closed due to accidents such as stopping pumps, cannot restore the grouting. Even if a new delamination layer is formed above the grouting horizon, it is difficult to grouting the upper horizon due to the structural limitations of grouting drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide an indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement and grouting control simulation system and method, which can realize multi-layer grouting filling and control overlying strata movement and ground surface movement deformation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system comprises a two-dimensional test bed, wherein a coal bed, a direct roof, a basic roof, a soft stratum I, a soft stratum II, a key stratum II, a soft stratum III, a key stratum III and a loose layer are sequentially arranged in the two-dimensional test bed from bottom to top, a loading device is arranged on the upper surface of the loose layer, a sightline I and a sightline II are arranged between the key stratum III and the soft stratum III, a sightline III and a sightline IV are arranged between the key stratum II and the soft stratum II, and a sightline V and a sightline VI are arranged between the key stratum I and the soft stratum I; the first observation line, the third observation line and the fifth observation line are respectively buried in the bottommost areas of the three key layers, and the second observation line, the fourth observation line and the sixth observation line are respectively buried in the topmost areas of the three soft rock layers; grouting sleeves for injecting slurry are respectively inserted from the surface of a loose layer, the grouting sleeves comprise a first-stage sleeve, a second-stage sleeve and a third-stage sleeve, wherein the lower end of the first-stage sleeve is inserted into the interface between the first key layer and the first soft rock layer and corresponds to the separation layer space between the first key layer and the first soft rock layer, the lower end of the second-stage sleeve is inserted into the interface between the second key layer and the second soft rock layer and corresponds to the separation layer space between the second key layer and the second soft rock layer, and the lower end of the third-stage sleeve is inserted into the interface between the third key layer and the third soft rock layer and corresponds to the separation layer space between the third key layer and the third soft rock layer. The materials of the coal bed, the direct roof, the basic roof, the soft rock layer I, the key layer I, the soft rock layer II, the key layer II, the soft rock layer III, the key layer III and the loose layer are all the actual corresponding rock layer materials of the region to be simulated.
The secondary sleeve is sleeved outside the primary sleeve, and the tertiary sleeve is sleeved outside the secondary sleeve; the lower end of the grouting sleeve is positioned at the center of the separation layer space generated by the layer corresponding to the grouting sleeve, so that grouting is performed on the two side spaces at the same time.
The slurry is formed by mixing gypsum, sand, water and an additive, wherein the additive is an accelerator.
The loading device is a rigid plate body applied with force by a force application mechanism, and the rigid plate body transmits the force to the loose layer so as to simulate the gravity environment generated by the upper stratum.
Each observation line consists of 19 observation points which are arranged from left to right, and the intervals between the adjacent observation points are equal.
And after the overlying strata movement of each observation line is finished, carrying out elevation measurement through a three-position level gauge, and calculating the actual separation layer quantity at each observation point.
And in the moving process of the overlying strata, sequentially grouting the separation layer space below the target key layer from bottom to top, wherein one key layer is completely grouting, and extracting the corresponding grouting sleeve.
The upper surface of the loose layer is used as a horizontal observation starting point, the height position is recorded as 0, and the distance from the horizontal observation starting point to a fifth observation line in the first key layer is set as h 6 The distance of the six observation lines in the soft rock layer one is set as h 5 The distance of the third observation line in the second key layer is set as h 4 The distance of the observation line four in the soft rock layer II is set as h 3 The distance of the first observation line in the third key layer is set as h 2 The distance of the second observation line in the third soft rock layer is set as h 1 。
An indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation method comprises the following steps:
step one, performing indoor overburden grouting control simulation, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) According to experimental requirements, material proportion of each rock stratum is completed, slurry is prepared, and an experimental model of similar materials is built;
(2) Carrying out preset load pressurization on the model, and simulating a real gravity environment;
(3) After 3 days, starting a coal seam excavation experiment, tunneling forward for 0.2m every 10min, observing the movement condition of overlying strata of an upper stratum, and installing a slurry conveying device to convey slurry at any time;
(4) When a horizontal crack appears at the lower part of the target key layer, namely, the movement of the overlying strata is transmitted to the first part of the target key layer, the delamination layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, slurry is injected into the delamination layer space between the first part of the key layer and the first part of the soft rock layer when a through crack appears at the first part of the soft rock layer at the lower part of the target key layer, and after the delamination layer space is filled, the slurry injection is stopped, and the innermost first-stage sleeve can be directly extracted; when a horizontal crack appears below the second target key layer, namely, the overburden movement is transmitted to the second target key layer, the separation layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, and when a through crack appears in the second soft rock layer below the second target key layer, slurry is injected into the separation layer space between the second target key layer and the second soft rock layer, after the separation layer space is filled, the slurry injection is stopped, and the secondary casing pipe inside the second casing pipe can be directly extracted; when a horizontal crack appears under the target key layer III, namely the overburden rock movement is transmitted to the target key layer III, the separation layer gradually grows up, and when a through crack appears on the soft rock layer III under the target key layer III, slurry is injected into the separation layer space between the key layer III and the soft rock layer III, after the separation layer space is filled, the slurry injection is stopped, and the three-level sleeve can be directly extracted;
step two, measuring the indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) In the process of establishing a similar simulation experiment model, 6 observation lines are sequentially arranged in the bottommost area in the corresponding target key layer and the topmost area in the corresponding soft rock layer;
(b) Selecting the highest point of the experimental model as an observation starting point, and setting the distances from the observation starting point to an observation line five in a first key layer, an observation line six in a first soft rock layer, an observation line three in a second key layer, an observation line four in a second soft rock layer, an observation line one in a third key layer and an observation line two in a third soft rock layer to be h respectively in sequence 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 3 、h 2 And h 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Three equal levels are adopted for measuring the elevation, and h is measured respectively 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 3 、h 2 And h 1 Is a standard value of (2);
(c) After the separation layer grouting experiment is completed, carrying out elevation measurement on each observation point on the six observation lines, and calculating the height Cheng Chazhi between the first observation line and the second observation line, the third observation line and the fourth observation line and between the fifth observation line and the sixth observation line, so as to obtain the actual separation layer quantity of separation layer spaces under the 3 target key layers;
the sleeves of all stages are respectively positioned in the middle of the corresponding separation layer space, so that slurry can be conveniently injected into the corresponding separation layer space at the same time;
the slurry cement and the additive accelerator are selected from the pulping material, so that the slurry can be quickly coagulated and solidified, and an upper key layer can be supported in time; the observation point is set as h ij Wherein i=1, 2,3,4,5,6; j=1, 2, … …,19, i is the number of observation points from low to high, j is the number of observation points from left to right;
the calculation formula of the separation layer quantity is delta h ij ＝h ij -h i ，Δh ij The actual separation layer quantity of each point;
the quantitative analysis formula of each separation layer space development is as follows:
H 1 ＝Δh 2j -Δh 1f
H 2 ＝Δh 4j -Δh 3f
H 3 ＝Δh 6f -Δh 5f 。
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises the following steps: grouting sleeve, rock stratum similar material, observation line, loading device and pulping material. The grouting sleeve consists of three-stage sleeves, and the first-stage sleeve corresponds to a separation layer space; the three lines are all three and are located below three assumed key layers. The method for detecting the indoor overlying strata delamination amount is simple and convenient, and can accurately observe the specific conditions of the overlying strata delamination and the effects after filling; the grouting control simulation system can control the movement and deformation of the upper rock stratum and reduce the ground subsidence through three-stage sleeve sequential grouting. The invention has the following technical advantages:
firstly, the multi-layer grouting filling can be fully and effectively carried out through the indoor grouting control simulation system, the grouting amount is large, the effect is good, and the subsidence deformation amount of the overlying strata is small;
secondly, according to the invention, through a separation layer quantity numerical change curve drawn by a sightline, the movement condition of the overlying strata and the development condition of separation layer spaces under each target key layer can be analyzed;
thirdly, the method plays a certain reference in grouting and subsidence reducing technology for the mine field experiment through the conclusion obtained after the experiment of the indoor overlying strata separation amount detection and grouting control simulation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental process of an indoor grouting control simulation system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the grouting borehole installation and delamination elevation measurement according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a loading device; 2. a loose layer; 3. a key layer III; 4. soft rock formation three; 5. a second key layer; 6, soft rock formation II; 7. a first key layer; 8. soft rock formation one; 9. collapse of the belt; 10. a base roof; 11. directly pushing; 12. a coal seam; 13. slurry; 14. a primary sleeve; 15. a secondary sleeve; 16. three-stage sleeve; 17. a first observation line; 18. a second observation line; 19. separation layer space; 20. a third observation line; 21. a fourth line of sight; 22. a fifth line of observation; 23. a sixth line of observation; 24. two-dimensional test bed.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
The invention provides an indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises a two-dimensional test bed 24, wherein a coal bed 12, a direct roof 11, a basic roof 10, a soft stratum I8, a key layer I7, a soft stratum II 6, a key layer II 5, a soft stratum III 4, a key layer III 3 and a loose layer 2 are sequentially arranged in the two-dimensional test bed 24 from bottom to top, a loading device 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the loose layer 2, a sightline I17 and a sightline II 18 are arranged between the key layer III 3 and the soft stratum III 4, a sightline III 20 and a sightline IV 21 are arranged between the key layer II 5 and the soft stratum II 6, and a sightline V22 and a sightline VI 23 are arranged between the key layer I7 and the soft stratum I8; the first observation line 17, the third observation line 20 and the fifth observation line 22 are respectively buried in the bottommost areas of the three key layers, and the second observation line 18, the fourth observation line 21 and the sixth observation line 23 are respectively buried in the topmost areas of the three soft rock layers; grouting sleeves for injecting slurry 13 are respectively inserted from the surface of the loose layer 2, the grouting sleeves comprise a primary sleeve 14, a secondary sleeve 15 and a tertiary sleeve 16, wherein the lower end of the primary sleeve 14 is inserted into the interface between the key layer 7 and the soft layer 8 and corresponds to a separation layer space 19 between the key layer 7 and the soft layer 8, the lower end of the secondary sleeve 15 is inserted into the interface between the key layer 5 and the soft layer 6 and corresponds to a separation layer space 19 between the key layer 5 and the soft layer 6, and the lower end of the tertiary sleeve 6 is inserted into the interface between the key layer 3 and the soft layer 4 and corresponds to the separation layer space 19 between the key layer 3 and the soft layer 4.
Further, the secondary sleeve 15 is sleeved outside the primary sleeve 14, and the tertiary sleeve 16 is sleeved outside the secondary sleeve 15; the lower end of the grouting sleeve is positioned at the center of the separation layer space 19 generated by the layer corresponding to the grouting sleeve, so that grouting is performed on the two side spaces at the same time.
Further, the slurry 13 is formed by mixing gypsum, sand, water and an additive, wherein the additive is an accelerator.
Further, the loading device 1 is a rigid plate body applied with force by a force application mechanism, and the rigid plate body transmits the force to the loose layer 2 so as to simulate the gravity environment generated by the upper stratum.
Further, each observation line is composed of 19 observation points arranged from left to right, and the distances between adjacent observation points are equal.
Further, after the cover rock movement of each observation line is finished, the elevation measurement is carried out through a three-position level gauge, and the actual separation layer quantity at each observation point is calculated. In the process of moving the overburden, grouting is sequentially performed on the separation layer space 19 below the target key layer from bottom to top, wherein one key layer is completely injected, and the corresponding grouting sleeve is extracted.
Further, the upper surface of the loose layer 2 is used as a horizontal observation starting point, the height position is recorded as 0, and the distance from the horizontal observation starting point to the observation line five 22 in the key layer 7 is set as h 6 Distance of the observation line six 23 in the soft rock layer one 8 is set as h 5 The distance of the third observation line 20 in the second key layer 5 is set to h 1 Line of sight IV in soft rock formation two 621 is set to h 3 The distance of the first observation line 17 in the third key layer 3 is set to be h 2 The distance of the second observation line 18 in the third soft rock layer 4 is set to h 1 。
The invention discloses an indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, performing indoor overburden grouting control simulation, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) According to experimental requirements, material proportioning of each rock stratum is completed, slurry 13 is prepared, and an experimental model of similar materials is built;
(2) Carrying out preset load pressurization on the model, and simulating a real gravity environment;
(3) After 3 days, starting a coal seam excavation experiment, tunneling forward for 0.2m every 10min, observing the movement condition of overlying strata of an upper stratum, and installing a slurry conveying device to convey slurry 13 at any time;
(4) When a horizontal crack appears below the target key layer 7, namely the overburden movement is transmitted to the target key layer 7, the separation layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, when a through crack appears in the soft rock layer 8 below the target key layer 7, slurry is injected into the separation layer space 19 between the key layer 7 and the soft rock layer 8, the slurry injection is stopped after the separation layer space 19 is filled, and the innermost first-stage sleeve 14 can be directly extracted; when a horizontal crack appears below the second target key layer 5, namely the overburden movement is transmitted to the second target key layer 5, the separation layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, when a through crack appears in the second soft rock layer 6 below the second target key layer 5, slurry 13 is injected into the separation layer space 19 between the second target key layer 5 and the second soft rock layer 6, the grouting is stopped after the separation layer space 19 is filled, and the secondary casing 15 in the second casing can be directly extracted; when a horizontal crack appears under the target key layer III 3, namely the overburden rock movement is transmitted to the target key layer III 3, the separation layer is gradually developed and becomes larger, when a through crack appears on the soft rock layer III 4 under the target key layer III 3, slurry is injected into the separation layer space 19 between the key layer III 3 and the soft rock layer III 4, the slurry injection is stopped after the separation layer space 19 is filled, and the three-stage sleeve 16 can be directly extracted;
step two, measuring the indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) In the process of establishing a similar simulation experiment model, 6 observation lines are sequentially arranged in the bottommost area in the corresponding target key layer and the topmost area in the corresponding soft rock layer;
(b) Selecting the highest point of the experimental model as an observation starting point, and setting the distances from the observation starting point to an observation line five in a first key layer, an observation line six in a first soft rock layer, an observation line three in a second key layer, an observation line four in a second soft rock layer, an observation line one in a third key layer and an observation line two in a third soft rock layer to be h respectively in sequence 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 3 、h 2 And h 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Three equal levels are adopted for measuring the elevation, and h is measured respectively 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 2 、h 2 And h 1 Is a standard value of (2);
(c) After the separation layer grouting experiment is completed, carrying out elevation measurement on each observation point on the six observation lines, and calculating the height Cheng Chazhi between the first observation line and the second observation line, the third observation line and the fourth observation line and between the fifth observation line and the sixth observation line, so as to obtain the actual separation layer quantity of separation layer spaces under the 3 target key layers;
further, each stage of sleeve is respectively positioned in the middle of the corresponding separation layer space, so that slurry can be conveniently injected into the corresponding separation layer space at the same time;
the slurry cement and the additive accelerator are selected from the pulping material, so that the slurry can be quickly coagulated and solidified, and an upper key layer can be supported in time; the observation point is set as h ij Wherein i=1, 2,3,4,5,6; j=1, 2, … …,19, i is the number of observation points from low to high, j is the number of observation points from left to right;
the calculation formula of the separation layer quantity is delta h ij ＝h ij -h i ，Δh ij The actual separation layer quantity of each point;
the quantitative analysis formula of each separation layer space development is as follows:
H 1 ＝Δh 2f -Δh 1f
H 2 ＝Δh 4f -Δh 3f
H 3 ＝Δh 6f -Δh 5f 。
the present invention is described in further detail below:
the simulation system comprises a grouting sleeve, a rock stratum similar material, an observation line, a loading device and a pulping material. The grouting sleeve consists of three-stage sleeves which are mutually embedded, and the first-stage sleeve corresponds to one separation layer space, so that grouting requirements of different separation layer belt areas can be met; the similar materials comprise a coal bed, a direct roof, a basic roof, a soft rock layer I, a key layer I, a soft rock layer II, a key layer II, a soft rock layer III, a key layer III and a loose layer, and under the condition of simulating real geology, the movement of an upper overlying strata is changed after the coal bed is mined (wherein the direct roof collapses to form a collapse zone 9); six observation lines are arranged in the bottommost area in the three key layers and the topmost area in the soft rock layer from left to right respectively, each line consists of 19 observation points, and the intervals of the observation points are equal, so that the detection of the separation layer quantity of the key layer after separation layer first occurs and the detection of the change of the overlying strata separation layer quantity of the key layer at the upper part after grouting filling are used; the loading device is used for simulating the gravity environment of the upper stratum; the pulping material can be composed of gypsum, sand, water and accelerator, and the cover rock moves relatively faster compared with the field test due to the indoor test, and the selected slurry and accelerator can be mixed to be quickly solidified, so that the upper key layer can be supported in time. As can be seen from fig. 1, the indoor grouting control simulation system of the present invention comprises: grouting sleeve, rock stratum similar material, observation line, loading device and pulping material. In the control simulation system, the grouting sleeve consists of three-stage sleeves which are mutually embedded, the first-stage sleeve corresponds to a separation layer space, one sleeve can be drawn out after one separation layer is filled each time, and grouting requirements of different separation layer belt areas can be met. Similar materials include coal seam, direct roof, basic roof, soft rock layer one, key layer one, soft rock layer two, key layer two, soft rock layer three, key layer three and loose layer, and under simulated real geological conditions, the upper rock layer is changed in overburden movement after the coal seam is gradually mined. Six observation lines are arranged in the bottommost area in three key layers and the topmost area in the soft rock layer respectively from left to right, each line consists of 19 observation points, and the intervals of the observation points are equal, so that the detection of the separation layer quantity of the key layer after separation layer occurs for the first time and the detection of the change of the overlying strata separation layer quantity of the upper key layer after grouting filling are used. The loading device is used for simulating the gravity environment of the upper stratum, so that the movement of the lower stratum is more in line with the actual situation of the site. The pulping material can be composed of gypsum, sand, water and an additive, and because the cover rock moves and transfers more rapidly compared with the field test in the indoor test, the selected slurry cement and the additive accelerator can quickly solidify the slurry, and timely support the upper key layer.
The manufacturing method of the simulation system comprises the following steps: (1) According to the experimental design requirement, similar material proportion and manufacture of each rock stratum are completed indoors, and an experimental model of similar materials is built; (2) The model is pressurized by preset load to simulate a real gravity environment, and meanwhile, the loading device and the baffles at the two sides can also play a role in fixing the test model; (3) After 3 days, the coal bed is excavated at a constant speed according to the design scheme, namely, tunneling is carried out for 0.2m forwards every 10min, and the overlying strata movement condition of each rock stratum at the upper part is observed at any time. And a slurry conveying device is installed at the same time, so that the slurry conveying device can convey the slurry at any time. (4) When horizontal cracks appear under the target key layer 1, namely the overburden movement is transmitted to the target key layer 1, the separation layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, and slurry is injected into the separation layer space when the soft rock stratum under the target key layer has through cracks. Stopping grouting after the separation layer space is filled, and directly extracting the innermost first-stage sleeve; when a horizontal crack appears under the second target key layer, namely the overburden movement is transmitted to the second target key layer, the separation layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, and slurry is injected into the separation layer space when a soft rock stratum under the second target key layer has a through crack. After the separation layer space is filled, stopping grouting, and directly extracting the secondary sleeve inside. When the horizontal fracture appears under the target key layer III, namely the overburden rock movement is transferred to the target key layer III, the separation layer gradually grows up, and when the soft rock stratum under the target key layer III has a through fracture, the overburden rock isSlurry is injected into the delamination space. After the separation layer space is filled, grouting is stopped, and the three-stage sleeve can be directly extracted. Referring to fig. 2, the method for detecting the indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity comprises the following specific steps: (a) In the process of establishing a simulation experiment model, 6 observation lines are sequentially arranged in the bottommost area in each target key layer and the topmost area in each soft rock layer, each observation line consists of observation points with a certain distance, and the observation points can be set as h ij (i=1, 2,3,4,5,6; j=1, 2, … …) i is the observation point number from low to high, j is the observation point number from left to right; (b) Selecting the highest point of the model as an observation starting point, and setting the distances from the observation starting point to an observation line five in a first key layer, an observation line six in a first soft rock layer, an observation line three in a second key layer, an observation line four in a second soft rock layer, an observation line one in a third key layer and an observation line two in a third soft rock layer to be h respectively in sequence 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 3 、h 2 And h 1 . Three equal levels are adopted for measuring the elevation, and h is measured respectively 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 3 、h 2 And h 1 Is a standard value of (2); (c) After the separation layer grouting experiment is completed, each observation point h on 6 observation lines is subjected to ij Performing elevation measurement to obtain actual delamination amount Δh of each point ij . Finally, the actual separation layer quantity h of the observation points on each observation line ij The multi-key layer filling effect can be obtained by analyzing the change trend of the three curves, and a certain reference is provided for the multi-key layer filling effect in the field test.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and any variations that can be considered by a person skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, performing indoor overburden grouting control simulation, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) According to experimental requirements, material proportioning of each rock stratum is completed, slurry (13) is prepared, and an experimental model of similar materials is built;
(2) Carrying out preset load pressurization on the model, and simulating a real gravity environment;
(3) After 3 days, starting a coal seam excavation experiment, tunneling forward for 0.2m every 10min, observing the movement condition of overlying strata of an upper stratum, and installing a slurry conveying device to convey slurry (13) at any time;
(4) When a horizontal crack appears under the target key layer one (7), namely, the overburden movement is transferred to the target key layer one (7), the separation layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, when a through crack appears in the soft rock layer one (8) under the target key layer one (7), slurry is injected into the separation layer space (19) between the key layer one (7) and the soft rock layer one (8), after the separation layer space (19) is filled, the slurry injection is stopped, and the innermost first-stage sleeve (14) can be directly extracted; when a horizontal crack appears under the target key layer II (5), namely, the overburden movement is transferred to the target key layer II (5), the separation layer gradually develops, the space gradually becomes larger, and when a through crack appears on the soft rock layer II (6) under the target key layer II (5), slurry (13) is injected into the separation layer space (19) between the target key layer II (5) and the soft rock layer II (6), and after the separation layer space (19) is filled, the slurry injection is stopped, and the secondary sleeve (15) in the separation layer II can be directly extracted; when a horizontal crack appears under the target key layer III (3), namely, the overburden movement is transferred to the target key layer III (3), the separation layer is gradually developed and becomes larger, and when a soft rock layer III (4) under the target key layer III (3) has a through crack, slurry is injected into a separation layer space (19) between the key layer III (3) and the soft rock layer III (4), and after the separation layer space (19) is filled, the slurry injection is stopped, and the three-stage sleeve (16) can be directly extracted;
step two, measuring the indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) In the process of establishing a similar simulation experiment model, 6 observation lines are sequentially arranged in the bottommost area in the corresponding target key layer and the topmost area in the corresponding soft rock layer;
(b) Selecting the highest point of the experimental model as an observation starting point, and setting the observation starting point to be closedThe distance between the line five in the first key layer, the line six in the first soft rock layer, the line three in the second key layer, the line four in the second soft rock layer, the line one in the third key layer and the line two in the third soft rock layer is set as h in sequence 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 3 、h 2 And h 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Three equal levels are adopted for measuring the elevation, and h is measured respectively 6 、h 5 、h 4 、h 3 、h 2 And h 1 Is a standard value of (2);
(c) After the separation layer grouting experiment is completed, carrying out elevation measurement on each observation point on the six observation lines, and calculating the height Cheng Chazhi between the first observation line and the second observation line, the third observation line and the fourth observation line and between the fifth observation line and the sixth observation line, so as to obtain the actual separation layer quantity of separation layer spaces under the 3 target key layers;
the indoor overlying strata separation measuring and grouting control simulation system adopted by the indoor overlying strata separation measuring and grouting control simulation method comprises the following steps: the two-dimensional test bed (24) is internally and sequentially provided with a coal bed (12), a direct roof (11), a basic roof (10), a soft rock layer I (8), a key layer I (7), a soft rock layer II (6), a key layer II (5), a soft rock layer III (4), a key layer III (3) and a loose layer (2) from bottom to top, the upper surface of the loose layer (2) is provided with a loading device (1), a sightline I (17) and a sightline II (18) are arranged between the key layer III (3) and the soft rock layer III (4), a sightline III (20) and a sightline IV (21) are arranged between the key layer II (5) and the soft rock layer II (6), and a sightline V (22) and a sightline VI (23) are arranged between the key layer I (7) and the soft rock layer I (8); the first (17), third (20) and fifth (22) observation lines are buried in the bottommost areas of the three key layers respectively, and the second (18), fourth (21) and sixth (23) observation lines are buried in the topmost areas of the three soft rock layers respectively; grouting sleeves for injecting slurry (13) are respectively inserted from the surface of a loose layer (2), the grouting sleeves comprise a primary sleeve (14), a secondary sleeve (15) and a tertiary sleeve (16), wherein the lower end of the primary sleeve (14) is inserted into the interface of the first key layer (7) and the first soft rock layer (8), corresponds to a separation layer space (19) between the first key layer (7) and the first soft rock layer (8), the lower end of the secondary sleeve (15) is inserted into the interface of the second key layer (5) and the second soft rock layer (6), corresponds to a separation layer space (19) between the second key layer (5) and the second soft rock layer (6), and the lower end of the tertiary sleeve (16) is inserted into the interface of the third key layer (3) and the third soft rock layer (4), corresponds to the separation layer space (19) between the third key layer (3) and the third soft rock layer (4); the secondary sleeve (15) is sleeved outside the primary sleeve (14), and the tertiary sleeve (16) is sleeved outside the secondary sleeve (15); the lower end of the grouting sleeve is positioned at the center of a separation layer space (19) generated by the layer corresponding to the grouting sleeve so as to facilitate simultaneous grouting to the two side spaces; the slurry (13) is formed by mixing gypsum, sand, water and an additive, wherein the additive is an accelerator.
2. The indoor overlying strata separation measuring and grouting control simulation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: each stage of sleeve is positioned in the middle of the corresponding separation layer space, so that slurry can be conveniently injected into the corresponding separation layer space at the same time;
the slurry cement and the additive accelerator are selected from the pulping material, so that the slurry can be quickly coagulated and solidified, and an upper key layer can be timely supported; the observation point is set as h ij Wherein i=1, 2,3,4,5,6; j=1, 2, … …,19, i is the number of observation points from low to high, j is the number of observation points from left to right;
the calculation formula of the separation layer quantity is delta h ij ＝h ij -h i ，Δh ij The actual separation layer quantity of each point;
the quantitative analysis formula of each separation layer space development is as follows:
H 1 ＝Δh 2j -Δh 1j
H 2 ＝Δh 4j -Δh 3j
H 3 ＝Δh 6j –Δh 5j 。
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| CN110671145A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-10 | 中国煤炭地质总局勘查研究总院 | Large-mining-width thick coal seam mining composite grouting method |
| CN111366403B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-07-01 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地勘局第二地质大队) | Device and method for detecting grouting filling treatment effect of coal mine goaf |
| CN114295052B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-25 | 平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Method and device for calculating size of coal mining subsidence overlying strata separation layer space |
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