CN209590015U - A kind of interior overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation system - Google Patents
A kind of interior overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209590015U CN209590015U CN201822246137.1U CN201822246137U CN209590015U CN 209590015 U CN209590015 U CN 209590015U CN 201822246137 U CN201822246137 U CN 201822246137U CN 209590015 U CN209590015 U CN 209590015U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation systems, including two-dimentional testing stand, coal seam, directly top, base object model, incompetent bed one, key stratum one, incompetent bed two, key stratum two, incompetent bed three, key stratum three, unconsolidated formation are set gradually in two-dimentional testing stand from bottom to up, unconsolidated formation upper surface sets loading device, it is equipped with the line of observation one and two between key stratum three and incompetent bed three, is equipped between the line of observation three and four, key stratum one and incompetent bed one between key stratum two and incompetent bed two and is equipped with the line of observation five and six；The line of observation one, three and five is respectively buried in the bottommost region in three key stratums, and the line of observation two, four and six is respectively buried in the top region in three incompetent beds.The utility model can accurately observe that the effect after overlying strata separation layer concrete condition and filling, grout injection control simulation system can control the movement and deformation of upper rock stratum by the sequence slip casting of three-level sleeve, reduce subsidence.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to coal mine Control Technology for Surface Subsidence field, in particular to a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement
And grout injection control simulation system.
Background technique
China is a country with abundant coal resources, and explored coal reserves accounts for about world's coal reserves
12.6%, while being also big coal country.Coal in China yield ranks first in the world for many years, and the coal produced every year from underground is super
Cross 3,800,000,000 tons.In the past few decades, coal resources in China is under unordered, extensive style exploitation, many exploitation of coal resources areas ground
There is extensive depression, subsidence has a huge destruction for the ecological environment in mining area, and with bringing water and soil
The environmental problems such as loss, desertification of land, therefore due to the depression of coal mining bring and relevant environmental problem, increasingly
It attracts people's attention.
For safe working " under three " coal, land subsidence is reduced, protects environment of mining area, is used both at home and abroad for many years more
The different production technique measure of kind.Wherein, it is a kind of new technology for controlling subsidence that overlying strata separation layer grouting filling, which subtracts heavy, mainly
It is to fill foreign material using in the absciss layer cavity formed during moving from the drilling of ground configuration to rock, is covered to play support
The effect of rock, to reach the speed for reducing rock stratum and propagating to surface movement.Bending, deformation of the injecting paste material with Rock Bed_Seperated Zone rock stratum
It even ruptures, is spread in the case where being pumped by effect, migration, accumulates and gradually enrich absciss layer space.
Currently, overlying strata separation layer grouting filling technology, which is focused primarily upon, carries out grouting filling to simple layer position, and this still has
Many shortcomings.First, it due to the complexity of earth formation, changes greatly in the plane, it is difficult to guarantee single grouting horizon
It is exactly optimal layer position；Second, the slip casting of simple layer position, once because of contingencies such as terminations of pumping, the absciss layer face that will lead to institute's slip casting is closed
It closes, then can not restore slip casting.Even if foring new absciss layer again on the grouting horizon, since the structure of inlet well limits
System is also difficult in upper layer position slip casting.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned problems of the prior art, provide a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer amount
Measurement and grout injection control simulation system can be realized multi-layer grouting filling, be allowed to control overlying mining rock movement and surface movement and deformation.
The technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of interior overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation system, including
Two-dimentional testing stand, it is described two dimension testing stand in set gradually from bottom to up coal seam, directly top, base object model, incompetent bed one, key stratum
One, incompetent bed two, key stratum two, incompetent bed three, key stratum three, unconsolidated formation, loading device is arranged in unconsolidated formation upper surface, described
It is equipped with the line of observation one and the line of observation two between key stratum three and incompetent bed three, the line of observation is equipped between key stratum two and incompetent bed two
The line of observation five and the line of observation six are equipped between three and the line of observation four, key stratum one and incompetent bed one；The line of observation one, three and of the line of observation
The line of observation five is respectively buried in the bottommost region in three key stratums, and the line of observation two, the line of observation four and the line of observation six are respectively buried in
Top region in three incompetent beds；It is inserted into the slip casting casing for injecting slurries, slip casting casing respectively from loose layer surface
Including level-one casing, second level casing and three-level casing, wherein the lower end of level-one casing is inserted into the key stratum one and soft rock
At the interface of layer one, corresponding to the absciss layer space between key stratum one and incompetent bed one, the lower end of second level casing is inserted into institute
At the interface for stating key stratum two and incompetent bed two, corresponding to the absciss layer space between key stratum two and incompetent bed two, three-level set
The lower end of pipe is inserted at the interface of the key stratum three and incompetent bed three, corresponding between key stratum three and incompetent bed three
Absciss layer space.It is coal seam described above, directly top, base object model, incompetent bed one, key stratum one, incompetent bed two, key stratum two, soft
Rock stratum three, key stratum three, unconsolidated formation material be all made of area to be simulated each corresponding formation material of reality.
Above-mentioned second level casing is sheathed on outside level-one casing, and three-level casing is sheathed on outside second level casing；The slip casting casing
Lower end is located at the center position in the absciss layer space generated of layer corresponding to the slip casting casing, in order to infuse simultaneously to two sides space
Slurry.
Above-mentioned loading device is the rigid plate body applied force to by force application mechanism thereon, which transmits the force to
The unconsolidated formation, for simulating the gravity environment of upper formation generation.
The observation point that above-mentioned every line of observation is arranged from left to right by 19 forms, and the spacing between adjacent observation point
It is equal.
Each line of observation carries out the measurement of higher degree after overlying strata move, through three levels, calculates at each observation point
Practical absciss layer amount.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that the utility model provides a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control
Simulation system, system include: slip casting casing, rock stratum analog material, the line of observation, loading device, pulping material.Slip casting casing by
Three-level casing composition, the corresponding absciss layer space of level-one casing；The line of observation shares three, positioned at three it has assumed that good key stratum
Under.Interior overlying strata separation layer amount detection method described in the utility model is simple and convenient, can accurately observe the specific feelings of overlying strata separation layer
Effect after condition and filling；The grout injection control simulation system can control upper rock stratum by the sequence slip casting of three-level sleeve
Movement and deformation, reduce subsidence.The utility model specifically contains following technological merit:
First, the utility model, which passes through indoor grout injection control simulation system, sufficiently can effectively carry out multi-layer grouting filling,
Grouting amount is big, effect is good, and overlying rock sink deformation amount is small；
Second, the absciss layer numerical quantity change curve that the utility model is drawn out by the line of observation can analyze overlying strata rock stratum
Motion conditions and the developmental state in the absciss layer space under each target critical layer；
Third obtains after the utility model passes through indoor overlying strata separation layer amount detection and the experiment of grout injection control simulation system
Conclusion to mine field experiment carry out separation in reducing subsidence by grouting technology play certain reference.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of indoor grout injection control simulation system experimentation described in the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of inlet well described in the utility model installation and the measurement of higher degree of absciss layer amount.
In figure: 1, loading device；2, unconsolidated formation；3, key stratum three；4, incompetent bed three；5, key stratum two；6 incompetent beds two；
7, key stratum one；8, incompetent bed one；9, caving zone；10, base object model；11, it directly pushes up；12, coal seam；13, slurries；14, level-one set
Pipe；15, second level casing；16, three-level casing；17, the line of observation one；18, the line of observation two；19, absciss layer space；20, the line of observation three；
21, the line of observation four；22, the line of observation five；23, the line of observation six；24, two-dimentional testing stand.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, a specific embodiment of the utility model is described in detail, it is to be understood that this
The protection scope of utility model is not limited by the specific implementation.
The utility model provides a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation system, including two dimension test
Platform 24, it is described two dimension testing stand 24 in set gradually from bottom to up coal seam 12, directly top 11, base object model 10, incompetent bed 1, close
Key layer 1, incompetent bed 26, key stratum 25, incompetent bed 34, key stratum 33, unconsolidated formation 2, the setting load of 2 upper surface of unconsolidated formation
Device 1 is equipped with the line of observation 1 and the line of observation 2 18, key stratum 25 and soft between the key stratum 33 and incompetent bed 34
It is equipped between the line of observation 3 20 and the line of observation 4 21, key stratum 1 and incompetent bed 1 between rock stratum 26 and is equipped with the line of observation 5 22
With the line of observation 6 23；The line of observation 1, the line of observation 3 20 and the line of observation 5 22 are respectively buried in the bottommost area in three key stratums
Domain, the line of observation 2 18, the line of observation 4 21 and the line of observation 6 23 are respectively buried in the top region in three incompetent beds；From unconsolidated formation
The slip casting casing for injecting slurries 13 is inserted on 2 surfaces respectively, and slip casting casing includes level-one casing 14, second level casing 15 and three
Grade casing 16, wherein the lower end of level-one casing 14 is inserted at the interface of the key stratum 1 and incompetent bed 1, is corresponded to
Absciss layer space 19 between key stratum 1 and incompetent bed 1, the lower end of second level casing 15 are inserted into 25 He of key stratum
At the interface of incompetent bed 26, corresponding to the absciss layer space 19 between key stratum 25 and incompetent bed 26, under three-level casing 16
End is inserted at the interface of the key stratum 33 and incompetent bed 34, corresponding between key stratum 33 and incompetent bed 34 from
Sheaf space 19.
Further, the second level casing 15 is sheathed on outside level-one casing 14, and three-level casing 16 is sheathed on second level casing 15
Outside；The lower end of the slip casting casing is located at the center position in the absciss layer space 19 generated of layer corresponding to the slip casting casing, with
Convenient for two sides space simultaneously slip casting.
Further, the slurries 13 are made of the mixing of gypsum, sand, water and additive, and wherein additive is accelerator.
Further, the loading device 1 is the rigid plate body applied force to by force application mechanism thereon, the rigidity plate body
The unconsolidated formation 2 is transmitted the force to, for simulating the gravity environment of upper formation generation.
Further, the observation point that every line of observation is arranged from left to right by 19 forms, and between adjacent observation point
Spacing it is equal.
Further, each line of observation carries out the measurement of higher degree by three levels after overlying strata move, and calculates each
Practical absciss layer amount at observation point.In overlying strata moving process, from the bottom up successively to the absciss layer space 19 under target critical layer
Slip casting extracts corresponding slip casting casing wherein having infused a key stratum.
It further, is horizontal observation starting point with the upper surface of unconsolidated formation 2, height and position is denoted as 0, from the horizontal sight
The distance of measuring point starting point to the line of observation 5 22 in key stratum 1 is set as h6, the line of observation 6 23 in incompetent bed 1 distance
It is set as h5, the line of observation 3 20 in key stratum 25 distance be set as h4, the line of observation 4 21 in incompetent bed 26 distance be set as
h3, the line of observation 1 in key stratum 33 distance be set as h2, the line of observation 2 18 in incompetent bed 34 distance be set as h1。
The indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement of the utility model and the analogy method of control system of grouting, include the following steps:
Step 1: carrying out indoor overburden strata grouting control simulation, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) it according to requirement of experiment, completes the material mixture ratio of each rock stratum and slurries 13 is made, and establish the experiment of analog material
Model；
(2) scheduled load pressurization is carried out to the model, simulates true gravity environment；
(3) after 3 days, start coal seam and excavate experiment, 0.2m is tunneled forward with every 10min, observes top rock stratum overlying strata
Motion conditions, while size delivery device is installed, it is allowed to that the conveying of slurries 13 can be carried out at any time；
(4) when there is horizontal fissure under target critical layer 1, i.e. overlying strata movement is transferred to target critical layer 1, absciss layer
Gradually development, space become larger, when there is perforation crack in incompetent bed 1 target critical layer 1 under to key stratum 1 and
Slurries are injected in absciss layer space 19 between incompetent bed 1, after absciss layer space 19 is filled with, stop slip casting, and can directly take out
Take out innermost level-one casing 14；When there is horizontal fissure under target critical layer 25, i.e., overlying strata movement is transferred to target pass
Key layer 25, absciss layer is gradually developed, space becomes larger, when perforation crack occurs in the incompetent bed 26 under target critical layer 25
Slurries 13 are injected to the absciss layer space 19 between target critical layer 25 and incompetent bed 26, after absciss layer space 19 is filled with,
Stop slip casting, and can directly extract the second level casing 15 of the inside；When there is horizontal fissure under target critical layer 33, that is, cover
Rock movement is transferred to target critical layer 33, and absciss layer, which is gradually developed, to become larger, and the incompetent bed 34 under target critical layer 33 penetrates through
When crack between key stratum 33 and incompetent bed 34 absciss layer space 19 inject slurries, to absciss layer space 19 be filled with
Afterwards, stop slip casting, and can directly extract three-level casing 16；
Step 2: carrying out indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement, specifically comprise the following steps:
(a) it is establishing among similarity simulation experiment model process, 6 lines of observation is being sequentially arranged in corresponding target critical
Bottommost region in layer and the top region in corresponding incompetent bed；
(b) choice experiment model highest point be observation starting point, and set observation starting point in key stratum one the line of observation five,
The line of observation three in the line of observation six, key stratum two in incompetent bed one, the line of observation four in incompetent bed two, the sight in key stratum three
The distance of the line of observation two in survey line one, incompetent bed three is successively set to h6、h5、h4、h3、h2And h1；When carrying out the measurement of higher degree
Using third level, h is measured respectively6、h5、 h4、h3、h2And h1Standard value；
(c) after the completion of absciss layer slip casting experiment, the measurement of higher degree is carried out to each observation point on six lines of observation again, calculates sight
Elevation difference between survey line one and the line of observation two, the line of observation three and the line of observation four, the line of observation five and the line of observation six, obtains 3
The practical absciss layer amount in absciss layer space under target critical layer；
Further, casings at different levels are located at the middle part in corresponding absciss layer space, convenient for infusing simultaneously to corresponding absciss layer space
Enter slurries；
Slurries cement and additive accelerator are selected in the pulping material, can quickly make slurries condensation cure,
Top key stratum is supported in time；The observation point is set as hij, wherein i=1,2,3,4,5,6；J=1,2 ... ..., 19, i are
The serial number of the line of observation from low to high, j are observation point serial number from left to right；
The absciss layer amount calculation formula is Δ hij=hij-hi, Δ hijFor the practical absciss layer amount of each point；
Develop quantitative analysis formula in each absciss layer space are as follows:
H1=Δ h2j-Δh1j
H2=Δ h4j-Δh3j
H3=Δ h6j-Δh5j。
Further narration in detail is done to the utility model below:
The simulation system of the utility model includes slip casting casing, rock stratum analog material, the line of observation, loading device, slurrying material
Material.The slip casting casing is made of three-level casing, mutually chimeric, the corresponding absciss layer space of level-one casing, can meet it is different from
The slip casting demand of layer region；The analog material includes coal seam, directly top, base object model, incompetent bed one, key stratum one, soft rock
Layer two, key stratum two, incompetent bed three, key stratum three and unconsolidated formation, under the conditions of simulating true geology, after seam mining, top is covered
Rock motion change (wherein directly top is caving to form caving zone 9)；The line of observation shares six, is from left to right respectively arranged and closes in three
Bottommost region in key layer and the top region in incompetent bed, every line is made of 19 observation points, between each observation point
Away from equal, absciss layer amount detection after absciss layer occurs for the first time for key stratum one and in the overlying strata of grouting filling upper back key stratum
The detection of absciss layer amount variation；Loading device is the gravity environment in order to simulate upper formation；Pulping material can be by gypsum, sand, water
It is formed with accelerator, since laboratory test is relative to field test, overlying strata are mobile relatively faster, the slurries and accelerator of selection
Mixing can rapid condensation solidification, support top key stratum in time.As shown in Figure 1, the indoor grout injection control mould of the utility model
Quasi- system includes: slip casting casing, rock stratum analog material, the line of observation, loading device, pulping material.In the control of the utility model
In simulation system, slip casting casing is made of three-level casing, mutually chimeric, and the corresponding absciss layer space of level-one casing fills every time
One absciss layer can pump a casing, can meet the slip casting demand of different absciss layer regions.Analog material include coal seam, directly
Top, base object model, incompetent bed one, key stratum one, incompetent bed two, key stratum two, incompetent bed three, key stratum three and unconsolidated formation, simulation
Under the conditions of true geology, after coal seam is gradually exploited, top rock stratum overlying strata motion change.The line of observation shares six, from left to right divides
The bottommost region not being arranged in three key stratums and the top region in incompetent bed, every line is by 19 observation point groups
At each observation point spacing is equal, and the absciss layer amount after absciss layer occurs for the first time for key stratum one detects and after grouting filling
The detection of the overlying strata separation layer amount variation of top key stratum.Loading device is the gravity environment in order to simulate upper formation, so that under
Portion's strata movement more meets live truth.Pulping material can be made of gypsum, sand, water and additive, due to indoor examination
It tests relative to field test, overlying strata are mobile and more quick, the slurries cement and additive accelerator of selection are compared in transmitting
Slurries condensation cure can quickly be made, support top key stratum in time.
The utility model simulation system production method completes each rock comprising steps of (1) is required according to experimental design indoors
The similar material mixture of layer and production, and set up the experimental model of analog material；(2) scheduled load is carried out to the model
Pressurization, simulates true gravity environment, while loading device and two side baffles can also play the role of fixed test model；
(3) it after 3 days, being required according to design scheme, starts at the uniform velocity to excavate coal seam, i.e., every 10min tunnels forward 0.2m, and
The overlying strata motion conditions of the observation each rock stratum in top are paid attention at any time.Size delivery device is installed simultaneously, is allowed to be starched at any time
Liquid conveying.(4) when there is horizontal fissure under target critical layer 1, i.e. overlying strata movement is transferred to target critical layer 1, and absciss layer is gradually
Development, space become larger, and inject slurries to absciss layer space when perforation crack occurs in the incompetent bed of target critical layer once.To
After absciss layer space filling is full, stop slip casting, and can directly extract innermost level-one casing；Go out when target critical layer two is lower
When existing horizontal fissure, i.e. overlying strata movement is transferred to target critical layer two, and absciss layer is gradually developed, space becomes larger, target critical
Slurries are injected to absciss layer space when perforation crack occurs in incompetent bed under layer two.After absciss layer space filling is full, stop note
Slurry, and can directly extract the second level casing of the inside.When there is horizontal fissure under target critical layer three, i.e. overlying strata movement transmitting
To target critical layer three, absciss layer, which is gradually developed, to become larger, to absciss layer when perforation crack occurs in incompetent bed under target critical layer three
Slurries are injected in space.After absciss layer space filling is full, stop slip casting, and can directly extract three-level casing.Referring to fig. 2, originally
The indoor overlying strata separation layer amount detection method of utility model, the specific steps are as follows: (a) is establishing similarity simulation experiment model process
Among, 6 lines of observation are sequentially arranged in the bottommost region in each target critical floor and the top area in each incompetent bed
Domain, every line of observation are made of observation point spaced apart, and the observation point can be set as hij(i=1,2,3,4,5,6；j
=1,2 ... ...) i is the serial number of the line of observation from low to high, and j is observation point serial number from left to right；(b) preference pattern highest point
To observe starting point, and set in starting point to the line of observation five in key stratum one, the line of observation six in incompetent bed one, key stratum two
The distance of the line of observation one in the line of observation four, key stratum three in the line of observation three, incompetent bed two, the line of observation two in incompetent bed three
Successively it is set to h6、h5、h4、h3、h2And h1.It carries out using third level when the measurement of higher degree, measures h respectively6、h5、h4、h3、h2
And h1Standard value；(c) after the completion of absciss layer slip casting experiment, to each observation point h on 6 lines of observationijThe measurement of higher degree is carried out, is obtained
The practical absciss layer amount Δ h of each pointij.Finally, by the practical absciss layer amount h of observation point on every line of observationijA curve is connected into,
By analyzing three plots changes, it can obtain the effect after more key stratums are filled, be to be mentioned during it is tested at the scene
For centainly referring to.
Above embodiments are merely intended for describing the technical solutions of the present application, but not for limiting the present application, any those skilled in the art
Can think of variation should all fall into the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of interior overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation system, which is characterized in that including two-dimentional testing stand (24),
Coal seam (12), directly top (11), base object model (10), incompetent bed one are set gradually in the two dimension testing stand (24) from bottom to up
(8), key stratum one (7), incompetent bed two (6), key stratum two (5), incompetent bed three (4), key stratum three (3), unconsolidated formation (2), pine
Layer (2) upper surface setting loading device (1) is dissipated, the line of observation one is equipped between the key stratum three (3) and incompetent bed three (4)
(17) and the line of observation two (18) line of observation three (20) and the line of observation four, are equipped between key stratum two (5) and incompetent bed two (6)
(21), the line of observation five (22) and the line of observation six (23) are equipped between key stratum one (7) and incompetent bed one (8)；The line of observation one (17),
The line of observation three (20) and the line of observation five (22) are respectively buried in the bottommost region in three key stratums, the line of observation two (18), observation
Line four (21) and the line of observation six (23) are respectively buried in the top region in three incompetent beds；It is inserted respectively from unconsolidated formation (2) surface
Enter the slip casting casing for injecting slurries (13), slip casting casing includes level-one casing (14), second level casing (15) and three-level set
It manages (16), wherein the lower end of level-one casing (14) is inserted at the interface of the key stratum one (7) and incompetent bed one (8), right
Should absciss layer space (19) between key stratum one (7) and incompetent bed one (8), the lower end of second level casing (15) is inserted into the pass
At the interface of key layer two (5) and incompetent bed two (6), correspond to the absciss layer space between key stratum two (5) and incompetent bed two (6)
(19), the lower end of three-level casing (16) is inserted at the interface of the key stratum three (3) and incompetent bed three (4), is corresponded to and is closed
Absciss layer space (19) between key layer three (3) and incompetent bed three (4).
2. a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement as described in claim 1 and grout injection control simulation system, which is characterized in that institute
It states second level casing (15) and is sheathed on level-one casing (14) outside, three-level casing (16) is sheathed on second level casing (15) outside；The slip casting
The lower end of casing is located at the center position of the absciss layer space (19) generated of layer corresponding to the slip casting casing, in order to two sides
Space slip casting simultaneously.
3. a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement as described in claim 1 and grout injection control simulation system, which is characterized in that institute
Stating loading device (1) is the rigid plate body applied force to by force application mechanism thereon, which transmits the force to the pine
It dissipates layer (2), for simulating the gravity environment of upper formation generation.
4. a kind of indoor overlying strata separation layer measurement as described in claim 1 and grout injection control simulation system, which is characterized in that every
The observation point that the line of observation is arranged from left to right by 19 forms, and the spacing between adjacent observation point is equal.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109507393A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-22 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of interior overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation system and its method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109507393A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-22 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of interior overlying strata separation layer measurement and grout injection control simulation system and its method |
| CN109507393B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-04-16 | 山东科技大学 | Indoor overlying strata separation layer quantity measurement and grouting control simulation system and method thereof |
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