CN102443278A - Natural dye and dyeing method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a natural dye of broadleaf liriope root scape, and a dyeing method for dyed media such as protein and cellulose by the natural dye. The dyeing method for the protein comprises that: the dyeing temperature is 60-95 DEG C, the pH value is 3-5, the bath ratio is 1:20-50, and the dyeing time is 30-80 minuets. The dyeing method for the cellulose comprises: (1) firstly carrying out modification: wherein the quality ratio of the natural modifier to the dyed media is 2-4%, the bath ratio is 1:15-40, the temperature is 50-95 DEG C, and the time is 60-80 minutes; (2) finally carrying out dyeing: the dyeing temperature is 70-95 DEG C, the pH value is 5-7, the bath ratio is 1:15-30, and the dyeing time is 50-90 minutes. According to the present invention, the used broadleaf liriope root scapes of the present invention are easily collected; the dyed fabric has fragrance; the method is simple, the requirements of the equipment are low, and the production process does not cause the pollution; the dyed finished product by the dyeing method of the present invention has characteristics of high dye uptake, good washing fastness resistance and small color difference.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural dyestuff that from natural phant, extracts and dyeing process, relate in particular to a kind of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff and dyeing process thereof.
Background technology
Wood dye is to be raw material with plants such as the distinctive herbal medicine of China, flowers, tealeaves, fruit; Refine the pure natural dyestuff that forms through many operations such as pulverizing, immersion, boiling; It does not contain any chemical substance, has characteristics such as nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free and renewable.
Liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang is the Liliaceae Radix Liriopes, belongs to perennial evergreen or fallen leaves herbage, in China's most of areas wild distribution and cultivation is arranged all.Its head is stated from Shennong's Herbal, and root is elongated, and branch is many, and the little cube meat root of fusiform is expanded in the part sometimes, and stolon is arranged.Leaf is wide linear, keratin, and base is given birth to intensive Cheng Cong.Scape is above leafage, the premium purple, and 4-5 clusters in luxuriant armpit, is arranged in elongated raceme.Seed is spherical, and the initial stage is green, atropurpureus when ripe.It is rare evergreen, cold-resistant, drought-enduring in the southern and northern gardens of present China, both considerable leaf; Also can see flower, can plant, also can go up the new excellent color leaf class cover plant of basin, be border good in the Modern Landscape gardens; The lawn, water scenery, artificial hillock, a type color leaf cover plant is modified in the tableland.The liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang stem tuber has yin-nourishing and grows stomach, the moistening lung bushing, relieving restlessness is calmed the nerves, preventing or arresting vomiting, quench the thirst, many effects such as hemostasis; And the liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape after the oven dry has the aromatising flavour of Mai Xiang.
About the tint applications of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff, do not see report to some extent at present as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff and this dyestuff at the dyeing process that is dyed on natural bulk fibre, yarn or the fabric (being divided into protein-based and cellulose family) that medium is made up of cotton, hair, silk, fiber crops etc.
A kind of natural dyestuff, this dyestuff obtains through following method: get fresh liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape, clean, dry 4-5h in 70-80 ℃ the baking oven carries out mechanical disintegration to the 20-50 order; It is that the aqueous ethanolic solution of 30-80% is an extraction agent that liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape after pulverizing is adopted concentration of volume percent, and the feed liquid mass ratio is 1: 20-50, and temperature is under the 60-90 ℃ of condition, behind the lixiviate 3-5h, filters; Filter residue after the filtration is taked method of the same race lixiviate once more, through underpressure distillation, concentrates and reclaims ethanol after twice filtrating merges, and the deep green pulpous state pigment that obtains is natural dyestuff.
The present invention adopts the liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape as the technique effect of natural dyestuff to be: liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang is a kind of of the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, and its scape is than the common long 5-8 of the scape tuber of dwarf lilyturf times, and collection easily, therefore is more suitable for extracting natural pigment; The liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape has the aromatising flavour of Mai Xiang, and therefore, the natural dyestuff that from the liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape, extracts carries out tint applications, can make the fabric after the dyeing have aromatising flavour; Existing natural green pigment is all extracted by chlorophyll, and extraction process comprises steps such as fermentation, and the present invention adopts the liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape to extract the natural green pigment, and method is simple, and is low for equipment requirements, and production process is pollution-free.
The invention provides liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff at the protein-based dyeing that is dyed on the medium:
1) will be dyed medium and be immersed in 2～5min in the water, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use;
2) dye strength owf (dyestuff and the mass ratio that is dyed medium) is 2～6%, and dyeing temperature is 60～95 ℃, pH=3～5, and bath raio is 1: 20～50, dyeing time 30～80min takes out and is dyed medium after peracidity is soaped, dried after being washed.
The above-mentioned described protein-based medium that dyed is loose wool fiber, cashmere bulk fibre, wool yarn, wool fabric, real silk fabric.
Wood dye has higher dye uptake and colour fastness when protein fibre (like real silk, wool, cashmere etc.) is gone up dyeing; Need not handle it; Because have carboxyl and amino isoreactivity group to combine on the protein fibre, to such an extent as to improve its dye uptake and colour fastness with wood dye.
The present invention also provides liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff to be dyed the dyeing on the medium at cellulose family:
1) will be dyed medium and in boiling water, boil and boil 3～5min, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use;
2) modification: natural modified dose is 2%～4% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, and bath raio 1: 15～40,50～95 ℃ of temperature put into 1) quilt after handling dyes medium, behind modification time 60～80min, takes out dried after being washed;
3) dyeing: dye strength owf (being dyed the mass ratio of medium after dyestuff and the modification) is 2～10%; Dyeing temperature is 70～95 ℃, pH=5-7, and bath raio is 1: 15～30; Put into 2) quilt after handling dyes medium; Dyeing time 50-90min takes out and is dyed medium after peracidity is soaped, dried after being washed.
Dye uptake and the colour fastness of wood dye on cellulosic fibre (like cotton, flax etc.) is relatively poor relatively, need carry out modification to it and handle, because the reactive group on the cellulosic fibre has only hydroxyl, can't combine with the negatively charged ion on the wood dye.What use was more at present is that mordant is handled cellulosic fibre, but traditional mordant such as Fe
2+, Al
3+, Cu
2+Deng all belonging to the heavy metal salt, all can produce adverse influence to the health of environment and human body.Thus, can select to use natural modified dose (like chitosan) that cellulosic fibre is carried out modification and handles after dyeing again, not only can improve dye uptake and colour fastness, and the textiles kimonos harness after the dyeing has the antimicrobial effect, human body is played a protective role.
It is spun silk bulk fibre, flax bulk fibre, cotton, velvet apple blending yarn, cotton fabric, velvet apple BLENDED FABRIC that above-mentioned described cellulose family is dyed medium.
Above-mentioned described natural modified dose is the chitosan crude substance, is a large amount of chitins that from shrimp and crab shells, contain through deacetylated and obtain.
In order to guarantee liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff at the above-mentioned dyefastness that is dyed on the medium, the acid scouring agent that is adopted is the aqueous solution that daily soap flakes changes into, and is 1～100: 1000 solution formed with the mass ratio of soap flakes and water, and the pH value is 5～7.Daily soap general formula is RCOOM, and RCOO is a fatty acid radical in the formula, and M is a metals ion, and the lipid acid carbon number is generally 10-18, if basic metal such as master metal sodium or potassium.
Dyeing process of the present invention, the dyeing finished product dye uptake of gained is high, washing fastness is good, and value of chromatism is littler.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
At first get fresh liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape, clean, behind oven dry 5h under 70 ℃ of temperature; Take by weighing the liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape 20g of having dried, mechanical disintegration to 20 order places four-hole boiling flask; The adding concentration of volume percent is 30% aqueous ethanolic solution; The feed liquid mass ratio is 1: 20, is behind 60 ℃ the condition refluxed lixiviate 5h in temperature, filters; With filter residue with 50% aqueous ethanolic solution lixiviate 3h after, filter once more, after twice filtrating was merged, concentrating under reduced pressure recovery part ethanol obtained deep green pulpous state liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff.
Embodiment two:
At first get fresh liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape, clean, behind oven dry 4h under 80 ℃ of temperature; Take by weighing the liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape 20g of having dried, mechanical disintegration to 50 order places four-hole boiling flask; The adding concentration of volume percent is 80% aqueous ethanolic solution; The feed liquid mass ratio is 1: 50, is behind 90 ℃ the condition refluxed lixiviate 3h in temperature, filters; With filter residue with 60% aqueous ethanolic solution lixiviate 3h after, filter once more, after twice filtrating was merged, concentrating under reduced pressure recovery part ethanol obtained deep green pulpous state liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff.
Embodiment three: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on real silk fabric
At first real silk fabric is soaked 2min in water, take out, wring out, subsequent use.Dyestuff is 2% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, and the pH value is 4, bath raio 1: 20; Put into the real silk fabric of above-mentioned processing; After under temperature is 60 ℃, contaminating 30min, take out fabric after peracidity is soaped, it is the solution of forming at 1: 1000 that soaping agent adopts the mass ratio of soap flakes and water; The pH value is 7, dried after being washed.The real silk fabric color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism Δ E is less than 0.4, and dye uptake reaches 75%, and the water-fast colour fastness of washing reaches the 3-4 level.Washing fastness among all embodiment of the present invention is all measured according to " anti-family of GB/T 12490-2007 textiles and commercial laundering colour fastness " method.
Embodiment four: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on loose wool fiber
At first loose wool fiber is placed and in water, soaked 5min in the gauze, take out, wring out, subsequent use.Dyestuff is 3% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, and the pH value is 3, bath raio 1: 30; Put into the loose wool fiber of above-mentioned processing; After under temperature is 80 ℃, contaminating 60min, take out loose wool fiber after peracidity is soaped, it is the solution of forming at 100: 1000 that soaping agent adopts the mass ratio of soap flakes and water; The pH value is 5, dried after being washed.The loose wool fiber color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism Δ E is less than 0.4, and dye uptake reaches 79%, and colour fastness reaches 4 grades.
Embodiment five: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on wool yarn
At first wool yarn is soaked 5min in water, take out, wring out, subsequent use.Dyestuff is 6% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, and the pH value is 5, bath raio 1: 50; Put into the wool yarn of above-mentioned processing; After under temperature is 95 ℃, contaminating 80min, take out wool yarn after peracidity is soaped, it is the solution of forming at 10: 1000 that soaping agent adopts the mass ratio of soap flakes and water; The pH value is 6, dried after being washed.The wool yarn color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism Δ E is less than 0.3, and dye uptake reaches 80%, and the water-fast colour fastness of washing reaches 4 grades.
Embodiment six: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on cotton fabric
At first cotton fabric is boiled in boiling water and boil 3min, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use.Natural modified dose is 2% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, bath raio 1: 15, and 50 ℃ of temperature behind the modification time 60min, are taken out dried after being washed; The mass ratio that is dyed medium after dyestuff and the modification is 5%, puts into the cotton fabric after the modification, and dyeing temperature is 95 ℃; PH=5, bath raio is 1: 15, dyeing time 60min; Take out cotton fabric after peracidity is soaped; The mass ratio of soap flakes and water is 1: 1000 solution of forming, and the pH value is 7, dried after being washed.The cotton fabric color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism Δ E is less than 0.5, and dye uptake reaches 80%, and the water-fast colour fastness of washing reaches the 3-4 level.
Embodiment seven: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on linen thread and yarn
At first linen thread and yarn is boiled in boiling water and boil 4min, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use.Natural modified dose is 3% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, bath raio 1: 15, and 75 ℃ of temperature behind the modification time 60min, are taken out dried after being washed; The mass ratio that is dyed medium after dyestuff and the modification is 6%, puts into the linen thread and yarn after the modification, and pH is 6; Dyeing temperature is 70 ℃, and bath raio is 1: 30, dyeing time 80min; Take out linen thread and yarn after peracidity is soaped; The mass ratio of soap flakes and water is 100: 1000 solution of forming, and the pH value is 5, dried after being washed.The linen thread and yarn color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism Δ E is less than 0.4, and dye uptake reaches 80%, and the water-fast colour fastness of washing reaches the 3-4 level.
Embodiment eight: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on the velvet apple blending yarn
At first the velvet apple blending yarn is boiled in boiling water and boil 5min, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use.Natural modified dose is 4% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, bath raio 1: 15, and 95 ℃ of temperature behind the modification time 60min, are taken out dried after being washed; The mass ratio that is dyed medium after dyestuff and the modification is 2%, puts into the velvet apple blending yarn after the modification, and pH is 7; Dyeing temperature is 85 ℃, and bath raio is 1: 20, dyeing time 90min; Take out the velvet apple blending yarn after peracidity is soaped; The mass ratio of soap flakes and water is 10: 1000 solution of forming, and the pH value is 6, dried after being washed.The velvet apple blending yarn color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism △ E is less than 0.6, and dye uptake reaches 78%, and the water-fast colour fastness of washing reaches the 3-4 level.
Embodiment nine: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on the spun silk bulk fibre
At first place gauze to boil at boiling water the spun silk bulk fibre and boil 5min, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use.Natural modified dose is 3% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, bath raio 1: 20, and 85 ℃ of temperature behind the modification time 70min, are taken out dried after being washed; The mass ratio that is dyed medium after dyestuff and the modification is 10%, puts into the spun silk bulk fibre after the modification, and pH is 7; Dyeing temperature is 80 ℃, and bath raio is 1: 25, dyeing time 80min; Take out the spun silk bulk fibre after peracidity is soaped; The mass ratio of soap flakes and water is 10: 1000 solution of forming, and the pH value is 6, dried after being washed.The spun silk bulk fibre color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism Δ E is less than 0.5, and dye uptake reaches 76%, and the water-fast colour fastness of washing reaches 3 grades.
Embodiment ten: the dyeing of liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape natural dyestuff on cotton
At first cotton is boiled in boiling water and boil 4min, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use.Natural modified dose is 4% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, bath raio 1: 40, and 95 ℃ of temperature behind the modification time 80min, are taken out dried after being washed; The mass ratio that is dyed medium after dyestuff and the modification is 8%, puts into the cotton after the modification, and pH is 7; Dyeing temperature is 95 ℃, and bath raio is 1: 30, dyeing time 50min; Take out cotton after peracidity is soaped; The mass ratio of soap flakes and water is 1: 1000 solution of forming, and the pH value is 7, dried after being washed.The cotton color and luster that obtains is even, and value of chromatism Δ E is less than 0.7, and dye uptake reaches 81%, and the water-fast colour fastness of washing reaches the 3-4 level.
Embodiment 11: different technical parameters is to protein-based influence of being dyed the medium Color
Except the parameter difference in the table 1, additive method step, processing parameter are with embodiment three, and the result sees table 1.
Table 1
| Real silk fabric | Real silk fabric | Wool yarn | Wool yarn | |
| Dyeing temperature/℃ | 40 | 60 | 50 | 95 |
| The pH value | 7 | 4 | 7 | 5 |
| Bath raio | 1∶10 | 1∶20 | 1∶20 | 1∶50 |
| Dyeing time | 30 | 30 | 60 | 80 |
| Dye uptake | 25％ | 75％ | 28％ | 80％ |
| Washing fastness | The 1-2 level | The 3-4 level | The 1-2 level | 4 grades |
| Value of chromatism Δ E | 1.2 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.3 |
| Estimate | Difference | Good | Difference | Good |
Table 1 result shows employing dyeing process of the present invention, and the dyeing finished product dye uptake of gained is high, washing fastness is good, and value of chromatism is littler.
Embodiment 12: different technical parameters is dyed the influence of medium Color to cellulose family
Except the parameter difference in the table 1, additive method step, processing parameter are with embodiment six, and the result sees table 2.
Table 2
Table 2 result shows employing dyeing process of the present invention, and the dyeing finished product dye uptake of gained is high, washing fastness is good, and value of chromatism is littler.
With above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention is enlightenment, and through above-mentioned description, the related work personnel can carry out various change and modification fully in the scope that does not depart from this invention technological thought.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on the specification sheets, must confirm its technical scope according to the claim scope.
Claims (7)
1. natural dyestuff is characterized in that this dyestuff obtains through following method: get fresh liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape, clean, dry 4-5h in 70-80 ℃ the baking oven carries out mechanical disintegration to the 20-50 order; It is that the aqueous ethanolic solution of 30-80% is an extraction agent that liriope platyphylia Wang et Tang scape after pulverizing is adopted concentration of volume percent, and the feed liquid mass ratio is 1: 20-50, and temperature is under the 60-90 ℃ of condition, behind the lixiviate 3-5h, filters; Filter residue after the filtration is taked method of the same race lixiviate once more, through underpressure distillation, concentrates and reclaims ethanol after twice filtrating merges, and obtains natural dyestuff.
2. the described natural dyestuff of claim 1 is at the protein-based dyeing that is dyed on the medium:
1) will be dyed medium and be immersed in 2～5min in the water, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use;
2) dyestuff is 2～6% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, and dyeing temperature is 60～95 ℃, pH=3～5, and bath raio is 1: 20～50, dyeing time 30～80min takes out and is dyed medium after peracidity is soaped, dried after being washed.
3. the described dyeing of claim 2, the described protein-based medium that dyed is loose wool fiber, cashmere bulk fibre, wool yarn, wool fabric, real silk fabric.
4. the described natural dyestuff of claim 1 is dyed the dyeing on the medium at cellulose family:
1) will be dyed medium and in boiling water, boil and boil 3～5min, taking-up is wrung out, and is subsequent use;
2) modification: natural modified dose is 2%～4% with the mass ratio that is dyed medium, and bath raio 1: 15～40,50～95 ℃ of temperature put into 1) quilt after handling dyes medium, behind modification time 60～80min, takes out dried after being washed;
3) dyeing: the mass ratio that is dyed medium after dyestuff and the modification is 2～10%, and dyeing temperature is 70～95 ℃, pH=5-7; bath raio is 1: 15～30, puts into 2) processing after quilt dye medium, dyeing time 50-90min; the taking-up dyed medium after peracidity is soaped, dried after being washed.
5. the described dyeing of claim 4, it is spun silk bulk fibre, flax bulk fibre, cotton, velvet apple blending yarn, cotton fabric, velvet apple BLENDED FABRIC that described cellulose family is dyed medium.
6. the dyeing process of each described natural dyestuff of claim 2-5, it is characterized in that: used soaping agent is the aqueous solution that soap flakes changes into, and the mass ratio of soap flakes and water is 1～100: 1000 solution formed, and the pH value is 5～7.
7. the dyeing process of the described natural dyestuff of claim 6 is characterized in that: described natural modified dose is chitosan.
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