The transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of living beings
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of memory of biomass fuel, the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of especially a kind of living beings.
Background technology
The broken shape fuel of living beings is that raw material carries out grinding and processing and forms with agricultural crop straw class (like maize straw, cottonizing stalk, beanstalk, peanut shell etc.) and forestry waste class (like branch, bark, leaf, wooden edge strip, wood shavings etc.) mainly.If these biomass materials store without pulverizing natural drying, not only floor area is big, and because the protective effect of biomass material horny layer of epidermis, the biomass material internal moisture is difficult to evaporation, is prone to biodegradation takes place, and causes calorific value to reduce.If stacking storage simply after pulverizing, because the biomass material water ratio is higher, and ulking thickness is big, and the stacking internal moisture is difficult to evaporation, can cause inner biomass material biodegradation equally, causes calorific value to reduce.If spread airing out after pulverizing, though moisture is easy to evaporation, can occupy very big place, and the production labor increase, both uneconomical also unrealistic.
Vast territory and abundant resources in China, and the resource of biomass energy is quite abundant.We as primary raw material, can obtain the biomass energy of following three kinds of forms with agricultural crop straw class and forestry waste class through different processing technologys.
(1) uses mechanical equipment that the raw material of agricultural crop straw class or the raw material of forestry waste class are pulverized, obtain the broken shape fuel of living beings, can supply special biomass fuel combustion device or boiler (fluidized bed combustion) to use;
(2) use mechanical equipment that the raw material of agricultural crop straw class or the raw material of forestry waste class are pulverized; Pass through mechanical compress technology extrusion forming afterwards; Or without pulverizing directly with its extrusion forming; Obtain the bigger biomass massive fuel of unit weight, can supply special biomass fuel combustion device or boiler to use;
(3) adopt technical skill with the raw material of agricultural crop straw class or the raw material pyrolysis of forestry waste class, obtain fire gases and flammable solid carbon, can supply special gaseous fuel burners or boiler to use.
These biomass materials generally transport biomass energy originating firm nearby to by its country of origin at present; Originating firm should have enough big place to stack to store these biomass materials, manufacturer according to the size of productive capacity follow the prescribed order with its pulverizing, oven dry, extrusion forming.Because the biomass material bulk density is little, harvest season property is strong, needs bigger storage, airing place, causes its storage cost higher; Because of the unit weight of these biomass materials is little, cause its traffic cost higher; In addition, these biomass materials should be noted that ventilation, anticorrosion, fire prevention in storage process, aspect its storage, have big difficulty.Biomass material can also can continue to be processed into biomass massive fuel directly as the broken shape fuel of living beings after pulverizing, but the water ratio of the biomass material after all requiring to pulverize meets the requirements.Generally speaking, the water ratio of the biomass material after the pulverizing is higher than required value or is higher than required value far away, for this reason, needs to adopt Special Equipment and measure to dry.Stoving process will consume bigger energy, and the productive costs of biomass fuel rises.
The transhipment memory technology of existing biomass fuel has two kinds; The one, at first transport biomass material to nearby biomass fuel originating firm; Originating firm should have enough big place to stack to store these biomass materials, manufacturer according to the size of productive capacity follow the prescribed order with its pulverizing, oven dry, extrusion forming.The 2nd, biomass material is dried the back pulverize bundling in the country of origin, transport the biomass fuel originating firm afterwards again to and store for future use.These two kinds of storage methods have following shortcoming:
(1) stacking storage floor area is big, and storage cost is higher;
(2) unit weight of these not treated biomass materials is little, causes its traffic cost higher;
(3) storage of these biomass materials should be noted that ventilation, anticorrosion etc., aspect its storage, has big difficulty;
(4) oven dry of biomass material will consume bigger energy, and the productive costs of biomass fuel rises;
(5) biomass material dries back pulverizing bundling in the country of origin, and this is actually inconvenient, and especially the raw material of agricultural crop straw class does not have airing time and airing place because harvest season property is strong at all.
Also having a kind of mode is earlier these biomass materials to be pulverized in its country of origin and bundling, and then transports the biomass energy originating firm to.Because of unit weight behind the bundling increases; Be convenient to transportation, but this method requires the water ratio of the preceding biomass material of bundling lower, this is actually inconvenient; Especially the biomass material of agricultural crop straw class does not have airing time and airing place because harvest season property is strong at all.If the biomass material water ratio of bundling is higher, phenomenon such as will in storage process, be easy to take place biodegradation, rot.
Summary of the invention
The transhipment storage method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of economical and practical broken shape fuel of living beings; The transhipment and the storage problem of fuel or raw material in the solution biomass fuel production process; Need not dry, and the bulk density of the broken shape fuel of living beings is high, it is little to take up room; Be convenient to transhipment and store, natural ventilation just can obtain the fuel of desired water ratio after preservation a period of time; Storage area, the raising biomass material that can reduce biomass material stores quality, reduces the productive costs of biomass fuel.
In order to reach above-mentioned design goal, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
The transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of a kind of living beings may further comprise the steps:
One, biomass material is pulverized, pulverized back slabbing, thread or granular, destroyed the stalk horny layer of epidermis;
Two, the broken shape fuel extruding of living beings bundling is become rectangular shape;
Three, the storage place is carried or be transported to the broken shape fuel of bundled living beings, stacking stores;
Four, in the storage process of the broken shape fuel of living beings, regularly detect the water ratio of the broken shape fuel of living beings in stacking district, meet operating needs like water ratio; Can use as fuel; Still high like water ratio, then need continue to place, meet operating needs until water ratio.
The mode of bundling is described in the said step 2: the casing that at first surrounds a rectangular shape with template; Place some plugs in the middle of the casing; Secondly the broken shape fuel of living beings is put into and compacting from an end face of casing, template around removing at last keeps the both ends of the surface template and is bundled into one with rope; Extract plug out, can become cuboid to tie; The broken shape fuel of said bundled living beings is rectangular shape, and the broken shape fuel of bundled living beings has some air extractor vents.
Air extractor vent during the broken shape fuel of said living beings cuboid is tied is parallel or be crisscross arranged.
Said rope direction is parallel with air extractor vent.
The broken shape fuel of said bundled living beings is provided with cover plate in the vertical both ends of the surface of air extractor vent, and rope bundles cover plate and the broken shape fuel of living beings.
Said cover plate is provided with several and air extractor vent hole one to one.
It is mesh-structured that said cover plate also can be designed to be able to ventilate.
Said way of stacking is: the said bundled broken shape fuel of living beings is placed according to the air extractor vent horizontal direction in it; The broken shape fuel of a plurality of bundled living beings is all placed in a row with vertical direction in the horizontal direction side by side, and the broken shape fuel spacer of said many row's living beings is placed.
Said another kind of way of stacking is: the said bundled broken shape fuel of living beings is placed according to the air extractor vent horizontal direction in it; The broken shape fuel of a plurality of bundled living beings is placed in a row in the horizontal direction side by side; Vertical direction is staggeredly placed, and the broken shape fuel spacer of said many row's living beings is placed.
Said stacking district is provided with ceiling.
Said stacking district is provided with fan, and the breather pipe in the broken shape fuel of fan and living beings is relative.
The beneficial effect of the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of living beings of the present invention is: prior art is faced with a lot of difficulties when using the high biomass material of water ratio to produce.For example; Do not meet as the requirement of biomass fuel because of the raw material water ratio after pulverizing is high water ratio; Can not satisfy extrusion forming to the requirement of water ratio and can't get into next processing link; At this moment, or adopt the oven dry measure that the water ratio of biomass material is dropped to required value, otherwise spread out carry out airing just the water ratio of biomass material drop to required value.The present invention does not then have such problem, and following advantage is specifically arranged:
(1) the invention enables the production process of biomass fuel not receive the influence just of biomass material water ratio basically; That is to say; The present invention has relaxed the requirement of the production process of biomass fuel to biomass material water ratio height, has solved present biomass fuel and has produced stubborn problem the most;
(2) the invention enables the transhipment storage of the broken shape fuel of living beings comparatively convenient, reduced the transhipment storage cost;
(3) the invention enables the broken shape fuel of living beings in storage process, not to be prone to biodegradation, to rot, improved the storage quality;
(4) the broken shape fuel of living beings can natural seasoning in storage process, has saved the energy that consumes because of oven dry, has reduced the productive costs of biomass fuel;
(5) biomass material need not to dry in the country of origin and can directly pulverize bundling, also can pulverize bundling at the biomass fuel originating firm, and this invention is that the production of biomass fuel provides very big convenience.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagram of circuit of the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of the described living beings of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the scheme drawing of bundling mode of the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of the described living beings of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the bundling mode scheme drawing of the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of the described living beings of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the scheme drawing of cover plate of the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of the described living beings of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the way of stacking scheme drawing of the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of the described living beings of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the way of stacking scheme drawing of the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of the described living beings of another embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Through specific embodiment, the present invention is further specified, but the present invention is not only limited to this embodiment below.
As shown in Figure 1, the transhipment storage method of the broken shape fuel of the described living beings of the embodiment of the invention may further comprise the steps:
One, biomass material is pulverized, pulverizing is exactly to utilize equipment such as hay cutter or comminutor that biomass material is cut up with a hay cutter to cut to rub, and makes its pulverizing, pulverizes back slabbing, thread or granular, has destroyed the stalk horny layer of epidermis, helps the stalk internal moisture and discharges.For the less biomass material of size,, need not to pulverize like peanut shell, wood shavings etc.So far, form the broken shape fuel of living beings.
Two, the broken shape fuel of living beings is carried out bundling by certain requirement; Promptly at first surround the casing of a rectangular shape, place some plugs in the middle of the casing, secondly the broken shape fuel of living beings is put into and compacting from an end face of casing with template; Template around removing at last; Keep the both ends of the surface template and be bundled into one, extract plug out, can become cuboid to tie with rope.The broken shape fuel of living beings behind bundling body is clearly demarcated, and bulk density is high, is convenient to store and management.Here provide two kinds of bundling modes.
Shown in accompanying drawing 2, the shape of bundling is cube structure, the air extractor vent 1 that inside has several alternative arrangement to be parallel to each other, and the axis of air extractor vent 1 is consistent with the direction of the length L of bundling, and the applied pressure direction is consistent with the direction of the length L of bundling during bundling.Rope 2 has two or many, and rope 2 directions are parallel with air extractor vent 1, and the rope of tightening 2 guarantees that the broken shape fuel 3 of living beings is not loose.Obviously, this bundling form is easy, and the bundling cost is low, and the density of the broken shape fuel 3 of living beings is obviously increased, but in carrying or transhipment, between the storage life, occurs easily loosing bundle.
Shown in accompanying drawing 3, on the basis of planform shown in the accompanying drawing 2, increased cover plate 4 (being that air extractor vent 1 two ends are provided with cover plate 4) in the both ends of the surface of bundling length L.Rope 2 bundles the broken shape fuel 3 of living beings and two cover plates 4.Obviously, this bundling form relative complex, the bundling cost is high slightly, but the density of the broken shape fuel 3 of living beings is obviously increased, and in carrying or transhipment, between the storage life, being not easy to occur loosing bundle.
Cover plate 4 in the accompanying drawing 3 is shown in accompanying drawing 4; Cover plate 4 is provided with several holes 5; The shape in hole 5, position are identical with shape, the position in the hole of air extractor vent 1, and for ease of the bundling operation, the hole 5 on the general cover plate is a bit larger tham the hole of air extractor vent 1; Other place on the said cover plate 4 except the hole can be airproof entity, also can be netted for what can ventilate.Cover plate 4 can be manufactured (like metal, plastics etc.) with hard material, and also available soft material is manufactured (like cloth, living beings fabric etc.).
Three, the storage place is carried or be transported to the broken shape fuel of bundled living beings, stacking stores, and provides two kinds of way of stacking here.
Shown in accompanying drawing 5, way of stacking 1 is: the moisture content in placing (being generally air extractor vent 1 horizontal direction places) by the direction that helps airiness, helping like this tying of circular hole direction scatters and disappears during placement.Each cuboid is tied each other and is close to, and vertical direction and horizontal direction centering, can place the n layer at vertical direction.Leave certain distance S between the front and rear row of stacking, so that airiness and manual detection water ratio.
Be depicted as way of stacking 2 like accompanying drawing 6.Each cuboid is tied each other and is close to, in the vertical direction, and each cuboid of levels is tied and is staggeredly placed, and in the horizontal direction, centering is placed, and other is identical with way of stacking 1.The stacking of placing by way of stacking 2 is not easy to tilt and collapse than way of stacking 1.
Four, in the storage process of the broken shape fuel of living beings, regularly detect the water ratio of the broken shape fuel of living beings in stacking district, meet the requirements like water ratio, can wait for as fuel and dispatch from the factory or wait for that as raw material next production technology link uses.Still high like water ratio, then need continue to place.
Under the situation of conditions permit, the stacking district should be provided with ceiling, possesses rainproof condition.
Know-why of the present invention: the first, biomass material is pulverized, can destroy its horny layer of epidermis, the volatilization that helps moisture is scattered and disappeared; The second, to the broken shape fuel pressurization of living beings bundling, bundling is shaped as cuboid, has increased the density of the broken shape fuel of living beings, is convenient to transhipment and stores; The 3rd, each bundling has several air extractor vents, has shortened the distance that the moisture in the broken shape fuel of living beings scatters and disappears to the air volatilization; The 4th, the way of stacking of bundling helps airiness, for the natural seasoning of the broken shape fuel of living beings provides better condition.
Air extractor vent and bundling form in the bundling of the broken shape fuel of said living beings are not limited only to the example that this paper provides, and the air extractor vent of other shape and bundling form store through the transhipment of the broken shape fuel of living beings that present principles realizes, are also contained among the present invention.
The bundling way of stacking of the broken shape fuel of said living beings is not limited only to the example that this paper provides, and other similar bundling way of stacking stores through the transhipment of the broken shape fuel of living beings that present principles realizes, is also contained among the present invention.
Other replacement scheme:
(1) about the bundling aspect of the broken shape fuel of living beings: biomass material is pulverized after the compression bundling becomes the hollow type structure to preserve; Through hole can be circular; It also can be other shape; Scatter and disappear as long as the area of contact of increase pulverizing artifact raw material and air just can make moisture content be able to spontaneous evaporation, reach the purpose that reduces water ratio.
(2) about the stacking storage aspect of the broken shape fuel of living beings bundling: store by certain mode stacking, be generally the reduction storage cost, the contained moisture of the broken shape fuel of living beings is able to evaporation through natural seasoning and scatters and disappears.Also can mandatoryly improve ventilation condition, for example, set up that scavenger fan improves ventilation volume, manages to improve the temperature of vent air, the water ratio etc. of managing to reduce vent air all can be received better effects.
The explanation of nouns of technical term:
The broken shape fuel of living beings: the broken shape fuel of living beings is that raw material carries out grinding and processing and forms with agricultural crop straw class (like maize straw, cottonizing stalk, beanstalk, peanut shell etc.) and forestry waste class (like branch, bark, leaf, wooden edge strip, wood shavings etc.) mainly.The broken shape fuel of this living beings can be directly as fuel, also can continue processing, as the raw material of the biomass massive fuel of extrusion forming.
Biomass massive fuel: be raw material mainly with agricultural crop straw class (like maize straw, cottonizing stalk, beanstalk, peanut shell etc.) and forestry waste class (like branch, bark, leaf, wooden edge strip, wood shavings etc.); Pulverize the back extrusion forming or without pulverizing directly extrusion forming, density block obviously that increase, that have definite shape, be called biomass massive fuel.Can the broken shape fuel of living beings be that raw material continues processing also, behind extrusion forming, become biomass massive fuel.
Biomass fuel: broken shape fuel of living beings and biomass massive fuel are commonly referred to as biomass fuel.
Biomass material: agricultural crop straw class such as maize straw, cottonizing stalk, beanstalk, peanut shell etc. and forestry waste class such as branch, bark, leaf, wooden edge strip, wood shavings etc. are commonly referred to as biomass material.
Unit weight: generally be one cube the weight of using on the engineering, i.e. the weight of object in the unit volume.
More than; Be merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technical personnel of being familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention in.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claim was defined.