CN102437208A - Mechanically assembled solar cell - Google Patents

Mechanically assembled solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102437208A
CN102437208A CN2011104049314A CN201110404931A CN102437208A CN 102437208 A CN102437208 A CN 102437208A CN 2011104049314 A CN2011104049314 A CN 2011104049314A CN 201110404931 A CN201110404931 A CN 201110404931A CN 102437208 A CN102437208 A CN 102437208A
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China
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sub
battery
shortwave
long wave
incident light
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CN2011104049314A
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CN102437208B (en
Inventor
褚君浩
曹鸿
王善力
邬云骅
潘建亮
张传军
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SHANGHAI SOLAR BATTERY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
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SHANGHAI SOLAR BATTERY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanically assembled solar cell, which comprises a box body which consists of a polymer, wherein two sub cells which are fixed by the polymer at an angle theta are arranged in the box body; the angle theta is formed by the incident light surfaces of the two sub cells; a glass top cover capable of transmitting the sunshine is covered on the top surface of the box body, so that a triangular incident light region is formed; one of the two sub cells is a long-wave sub cell with a relatively long wavelength, and the other sub cell is a short-wave sub cell with a relatively short wavelength; and the incident light surfaces of the two sub cells are provided with a filter sheet capable of transmitting a short wave and reflecting a long wave, and a filter sheet capable of transmitting the long wave and reflecting the short wave respectively. By the structure, the solar spectrum absorption range is expanded, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved; furthermore, the two sub cells are two independent solar cells and cannot be interfered by each other; moreover, the mechanically assembled solar cell has a simple structure; and the problems of the conventional stacked cell are solved effectively.

Description

Machinery assembling solar battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar cell, specifically be meant and a kind ofly can greatly improve mechanical assembling solar battery through mechanical assembling the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the utilization ratio of solar energy and solar cell by two independent solar cells.
Background technology
Solar cell is the device that luminous energy is directly changed into electric energy, and for unijunction solar cell, even if with the crystalline material preparation, the theoretical extreme of its photoelectric conversion efficiency generally also only has about 25% under the illumination condition of AM1.5.This is the Energy distribution broad because of solar spectrum, and existing any semi-conducting material all only can absorb the wherein energy photon higher than its edge energy.Remaining photon is not to see through battery to be transformed into heat energy by the absorption of back electrode metal, is exactly the atom of NE BY ENERGY TRANSFER being given battery material itself, makes material heating itself.These energy all can not become electric energy through producing photo-generated carrier.Moreover, the thermal effect of these photons generations also can raise battery operated temperature and battery performance is descended.
In order farthest effectively to utilize the solar energy in the broader wave-length coverage; Solar spectrum can be divided into continuous several portions; There is best matched materials to make battery with energy width and these parts; And outside in be superimposed together by energy gap order from big to small, let the shortest light of wavelength by the wide bandgap material battery utilization of ragged edge, the long light of wavelength can transmission enters to let the utilization of narrower gap material battery; So just might convert solar energy to electric energy to greatest extent, the solar cell with this structure is called laminated cell.
The design challenges of lamination solar cell is to seek two kinds of semi-conducting materials that lattice match is good, and its energy gap will cause high efficiency power conversion.In addition; In ideal conditions; The superiors of battery conduction band should have and the about identical energy of bottom valence band; Can get into the hole (valence band) of base semiconductor lattice after this makes the semi-conductive electronics in top excited by sunlight easily from conduction band, electronics is excited by the sunlight of different wave length again on valence band.So, two-part battery is worked together, and as the storage battery of two series connection, and gross power equates with the power summation of two batteries.But, if at joint valence band and conduction band not by correct coupling, will cause power loss because of consequent resistance when electron stream is out-of-date.For example, high efficiency GaAs/Ge laminated cell just prepared as far back as 1987, and result's proof does not match owing to electric current and can not use.Be exactly the stability problem of laminated cell in the practical application in addition.
The preparation method of traditional laminated cell has two kinds, and a kind of is that machinery piles up method, prepares two independently solar cells earlier, a high bandwidth, a low bandwidth.Then above the battery that is stacked on low bandwidth of high bandwidth; Another kind is incorporate method, prepares a complete solar cell earlier, growth or directly deposit second layer battery on this battery again.Because solar cell is mostly very responsive to temperature, material cross pollution, and the preparation of solar cell often relates to deposition different materials and high-temperature technology.Therefore the laminated cell of this integral structure has limitation, inherent shortcoming is arranged.Machinery piles up the laminated cell that legal system is equipped with, and technology is integrated then can be simply a lot, because it only is discrete separately layer, only needs the individual layer of separation is processed, and need not to carry out currents match, also no longer need consider lattice match.But itself also has complexity to a certain degree the solar cell of mechanical laminated structure, and this comprises: how to constitute mechanical laminatedly, and how from the sub-battery of separation, to extract electric current.And the complexity of structure has also increased cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to not only provide a kind of spectral absorption scope wide; The mechanical assembling solar battery that photoelectric conversion efficiency is high; And two sub-solar cells of this solar cell that provides are interference-free each other, simple in structure, efficiently solve the problem that traditional laminated cell exists.
Mechanical assembling solar battery of the present invention; Comprise the casing that constitutes by polymer; There are two to be fixed on the sub-battery on the polymer box body wall in the casing with angle θ; This angle θ is that the angle by the incident light plane of two sub-batteries forms, and the end face of casing is stamped the glass roof that can see through sunlight, form a leg-of-mutton incident light district thus.
The sub-battery of long wave that said two one on sub-batteries are relative longer wavelength, another is the sub-battery of shortwave of relative shorter wavelength.
Said angle θ=θ 1+ θ 2≤90 °, cos θ 1/ cos θ 2=L 2/ L 1θ 1Be the angle of sub-cell backside electrode of shortwave and the formation of tank floor vertical line, θ 2Angle for sub-cell backside electrode of long wave and the formation of tank floor vertical line.L 1Be the length of the sub-battery of shortwave, L 2Length for the sub-battery of long wave.
Work as θ 1, θ 2When non-vanishing, the filter of transmissive shortwave reflection long wave must be equipped with or deposited on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of shortwave, the filter of transmissive long wave reflection shortwave must be equipped with or deposited on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of long wave.
Work as θ 2When being zero, said angle θ=θ 1, θ=arccosL 2/ L 1, only need on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of shortwave, to be equipped with or to deposit the filter that a transmissive shortwave reflects long wave.
Work as θ 1When being zero, said angle θ=θ 2, θ=arccosL 1/ L 2, only need on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of long wave, to be equipped with or to deposit the filter that a transmissive long wave reflects shortwave.
Said polymer is any in EVA, PBD, fluoropolymer, Merlon, the polyurethane.
The sub-battery of said shortwave is any in amorphous silicon, tellurium zinc cadmium, cadmium telluride and the tellurium manganese cadmium solar cell, is mainly used in to absorb the short light of solar spectrum medium wavelength.
The sub-battery of said long wave is any in monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, microcrystal silicon and the copper indium gallium selenium solar cell, is mainly used in to absorb the long light of solar spectrum medium wavelength.
The invention has the advantages that: not only expanded absorption region, improved photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also efficiently solved the problem that traditional laminated cell exists solar spectrum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of a kind of mechanical assembling solar battery of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of a kind of mechanical assembling solar battery of embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the sub-battery of shortwave of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of the sub-battery of long wave of the present invention.
Embodiment
Provide preferred embodiment of the present invention below, and combine accompanying drawing to elaborate.
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 1; This machinery assembling solar battery; Comprise: the casing 1 that constitutes by polymer, there are two to be fixed on the sub-battery on the polymer box body wall in the casing with angle θ, this angle θ is that the angle by the incident light plane of two sub-batteries forms; The end face of casing is stamped the glass roof 2 that can see through sunlight, forms a leg-of-mutton incident light district 3 thus.The sub-battery 4 of shortwave is a tellurium zinc cadmium solar cell, can absorb the high energy sunlight of deflection shorter wavelength.The sub-battery 5 of long wave is a monocrystaline silicon solar cell, can absorb the low energy sunlight of deflection long wave.
The structure of tellurium zinc cadmium solar cell is seen Fig. 3, comprising: glass substrate 4-1 deposits electrode layer 4-2 before the transparent conductive oxide, n type CdS Window layer 4-3, p type tellurium zinc cadmium absorbed layer 4-4, backplate 4-5 successively on glass substrate.Before the transparent conductive oxide of tellurium zinc cadmium solar cell, weld indium on electrode layer 4-2 and the back electrode 4-5, pick out negative pole and the positive pole (in figure do not draw) of lead-in wire as tellurium zinc cadmium solar cell.
The structure of monocrystaline silicon solar cell is seen Fig. 4, comprising: the pn that monocrystalline silicon semiconductor n type layer 5-2 and p type layer 5-3 form ties, is depositing surface electrode 5-1 on the n type layer 5-2, on p type layer 5-3, depositing backplate 5-4.On the surface electrode 5-1 of monocrystaline silicon solar cell and backplate 5-4, weld indium, pick out negative pole and the positive pole (in figure draw) of lead-in wire as monocrystaline silicon solar cell.
Said angle θ=θ 1+ θ 2, θ 1Be the backplate of the sub-battery 5 of shortwave and the angle of tank floor vertical line formation, θ 2Be the backplate of the sub-battery 6 of long wave and the angle of tank floor vertical line formation.θ in the present embodiment 2Be zero, that is, and θ=θ 1, θ=arccosL 2/ L 1, L in the formula 1Be the length of the sub-battery of shortwave, L 2Length for the sub-battery of long wave.On the incident light plane of the sub-battery of shortwave, that is, be equipped with or deposit the filter 6 of transmissive shortwave reflection long wave on the glass substrate 4-1.
Filter 6 is TiO 2, Ta 2O 5, ZrO 2, SiO 2In the material any.
Said polymer is any in EVA, PBD, fluoropolymer, Merlon, the polyurethane material.
When the incident sunlight got into incident light district 3, the shortwave sunlight produced photoelectric current through the absorbed layer of filter 6 transmissions entering tellurium zinc cadmium solar cell; The long wave sunlight gets into monocrystaline silicon solar cell through filter 6 reflections, produces photoelectric current.So not only utilize solar energy fully, improved photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also efficiently solved the problem that traditional laminated cell exists.
But the while is θ also 1Be zero, that is, and θ=θ 2, θ=arccosL 1/ L 2, at this moment on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of long wave, that is, need be equipped with or deposit the filter 7 of transmissive long wave reflection shortwave on the surface electrode 5-1.And need not to cover filter 6 on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of shortwave.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 2, this machinery assembling solar battery and embodiment 1 are basic identical, and difference is: two formed angles of incident light plane of sub-battery 4 of tellurium zinc cadmium solar energy shortwave and the sub-battery 5 of mono-crystalline silicon solar long wave are θ=θ 1+ θ 2, that is, and θ 1, θ 2Non-vanishing, and θ 1+ θ 2≤90 °, cos θ 1/ cos θ 2=L 2/ L 1, θ 1Be the backplate of the sub-battery 4 of shortwave and the angle of tank floor vertical line formation, θ 2Be the backplate of the sub-battery 5 of long wave and the angle of tank floor vertical line formation.L 1Be the length of the sub-battery of shortwave, L 2Length for the sub-battery of long wave.
Thus, the filter 6 of transmissive shortwave reflection long wave need be equipped with or deposited on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of shortwave, the filter 7 of transmissive long wave reflection shortwave need be equipped with or deposited on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of long wave.When the incident sunlight got into incident light district 3, the shortwave sunlight was through the absorbed layer of filter 6 transmissions entering tellurium zinc cadmium solar cell, and the long wave sunlight gets into the absorbed layer of monocrystaline silicon solar cells through filter 6 reflections; The long wave sunlight is through the absorbed layer of filter 7 transmissions entering monocrystaline silicon solar cell, and the shortwave sunlight gets into the absorbed layer of tellurium zinc cadmium solar cells through filter 7 reflections.Through repeatedly vibration back and forth, utilize solar energy fully like this, effectively improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell.

Claims (6)

1. mechanical assembling solar battery; Comprise the casing (1) that constitutes by polymer; It is characterized in that: have two to be fixed on the sub-battery on the polymer box body wall in the casing with angle θ; This angle θ is that the angle by the incident light plane of two sub-batteries forms, and the end face of casing is stamped the glass roof (2) that can see through sunlight, form a leg-of-mutton incident light district (3) thus;
The sub-battery of long wave (5) that said two one on sub-batteries are relative longer wavelength, another is the short sub-battery of shortwave (4) of relative wavelength;
Said angle θ=θ 1+ θ 2≤90 °, cos θ 1/ cos θ 2=L 2/ L 1, θ 1Be the angle of sub-cell backside electrode of shortwave and the formation of tank floor vertical line, θ 2Be the angle of sub-cell backside electrode of long wave and the formation of tank floor vertical line, L 1Be the length of the sub-battery of shortwave, L 2Length for the sub-battery of long wave;
Work as θ 1, θ 2When non-vanishing, the filter (6) of transmissive shortwave reflection long wave must be equipped with or deposited on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of shortwave, the filter (7) of transmissive long wave reflection shortwave must be equipped with or deposited on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of long wave.
2. according to a kind of mechanical assembling solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said angle θ=θ 1, θ 2Be zero, θ=arccosL 2/ L 1, need on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of shortwave, to be equipped with or to deposit the filter (6) that a transmissive shortwave reflects long wave.
3. according to a kind of mechanical assembling solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said angle θ=θ 2, θ 1Be zero, θ=arccosL 1/ L 2, need on the incident light plane of the sub-battery of long wave, to be equipped with or to deposit the filter (7) that a transmissive long wave reflects shortwave.
4. according to a kind of mechanical assembling solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said polymer is any in EVA, PBD, fluoropolymer, Merlon, the polyurethane.
5. according to a kind of mechanical assembling solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sub-battery of said shortwave is any in amorphous silicon, tellurium zinc cadmium, cadmium telluride and the tellurium manganese cadmium solar cell, is mainly used in to absorb the short light of solar spectrum medium wavelength.
6. according to a kind of mechanical combined solar battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sub-battery of said long wave is any in monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, microcrystal silicon and the copper indium gallium selenium solar cell, is mainly used in to absorb the long light of solar spectrum medium wavelength.
CN2011104049314A 2011-12-08 2011-12-08 Mechanically assembled solar cell Expired - Fee Related CN102437208B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106784109A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 梁结平 A kind of tellurium manganese cadmium/CIGS lamination solar cell
WO2020258989A1 (en) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-30 南京航空航天大学 Double-sided coupling photovoltaic cell system based on reflection and condensation
CN115172503A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-10-11 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Included sub-cell assembly and photovoltaic cell
CN117457765A (en) * 2023-05-26 2024-01-26 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 Photovoltaic cell, photovoltaic cell module and photovoltaic cell assembly

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009140493A1 (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Solar concentrating mirror
CN101895239A (en) * 2010-08-16 2010-11-24 成都钟顺科技发展有限公司 Reflective low-concentration photovoltaic generator
CN102171840A (en) * 2008-08-14 2011-08-31 葛瑞佛德太阳能股份有限公司 Photovoltaic cells with processed surfaces and related applications

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009140493A1 (en) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Solar concentrating mirror
CN102171840A (en) * 2008-08-14 2011-08-31 葛瑞佛德太阳能股份有限公司 Photovoltaic cells with processed surfaces and related applications
CN101895239A (en) * 2010-08-16 2010-11-24 成都钟顺科技发展有限公司 Reflective low-concentration photovoltaic generator

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106784109A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-31 梁结平 A kind of tellurium manganese cadmium/CIGS lamination solar cell
WO2020258989A1 (en) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-30 南京航空航天大学 Double-sided coupling photovoltaic cell system based on reflection and condensation
CN115172503A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-10-11 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Included sub-cell assembly and photovoltaic cell
CN117457765A (en) * 2023-05-26 2024-01-26 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 Photovoltaic cell, photovoltaic cell module and photovoltaic cell assembly

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