CN102435466B - Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample - Google Patents
Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN102435466B CN102435466B CN 201110255659 CN201110255659A CN102435466B CN 102435466 B CN102435466 B CN 102435466B CN 201110255659 CN201110255659 CN 201110255659 CN 201110255659 A CN201110255659 A CN 201110255659A CN 102435466 B CN102435466 B CN 102435466B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sectional collecting device of a surface flow silt sample, relating to a collecting device for observing a surface flow silt content process and solving the problem that the traditional movable surface flow observing device can only obverse total silt content but cannot realize silt transmitting process observation. A tipping bucket is fixedly arranged on a main transmission shaft; the main transmission shaft is connected with a third driven transmission shaft through a first overrunning clutch, a first driven transmission shaft, a second overrunning clutch, a second driven transmission shaft and a worm and worm wheel speed reducer; the third driven transmission shaft passes through the middle of a stainless steel water dividing disc; a nylon barrel-shaped collector is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the third driven transmission shaft; one end of an outlet elbow is communicated with a first water outlet, and the other end of the outlet elbow is arranged above a disc-shaped water dividing box; each plastic pipe corresponds to one second water outlet; one end of the plastic pipe is communicated with a second water outlet, and the other end of the plastic pipe is communicated with a plastic sample collecting bottle; and the output end of a shunt overflow pipe is arranged above the nylon barrel-shaped collector. The sectional collecting device of the surface flow silt sample is used for collecting surface flow silt mixed samples.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of harvester of the sediment charge process observation for rainwash.
Background technology
In recent years, China's soil erosion automatic Observation makes fast progress, because open-air soil erosion monitoring field complicated condition is affected by flow velocity, flow, water temperature, silt chemical constitution, sand grain particle diameter, background light, the heavy silt of silt etc., the automatic Observation measurement range is less, and precision is relatively poor.And equipment adopts photovoltaic principals more, needs power supply, and soil and water losses observation non-transformer district how in the open air; Equipment is installed and complicated operation, therefore, can't satisfy the demand of soil erosion automatic monitoring.
Utilize standard closure residential quarter runoff recording geometry well the soil erosion under land use pattern and the geoponic practices to be observed.Finding in application also has a lot of drawbacks, for example; Observe closed residential quarter exist the place to fix for the standard runoff, larger to land destruction when building observation field; Cost is high, and operating cost is large, and generally building a soil and water losses observation field needs more than 200,000 yuan at least, and closed residential quarter area is many about 100 square metres, and soil can only be taked manually to plough in the farming residential quarter, and is larger with land for growing field crops mechanical cultivation actual variance; Owing to limited by the place, be difficult to carry out soil and water losses observation under different gradient, the length of grade; Because place and equipment are fixed, and are subject to the drawbacks such as nature and artificial destruction, the water and soil conservation scholar had carried out deep exploration in the aspect such as runoff observation method and equipment in the open air in recent years.U.S. Cruse(2001) developed the removable runoff observation device of sectional type (Divider collector), the residential quarter is still adopted closed, utilize the sheet metal of detachable recycling to replace cement plate, will place shunting bucket under the ground level to replace with sectional type shunting water leg as for the earth's surface.Its advantage is to be suitable for open-air zonule (＜50m
2) runoff observation, installs relatively simply, the measurement result precision is higher, and is detachable, removable, the runoff that can be used under the open-air virtual condition is observed, and can be used for the observation under disposable rainfall or the rainmaking.But also have many deficiencies, the observation area is less, and each water leg needs level-off during installation, it is larger affected by surface water tension force, all need equipment is cleared up after each rainfall, be unsuitable for the large or larger observation of runoff intensity of sediment charge, use limited.
Application number is 2006101632409; the patent of invention that open day is on July 29th, 2009 discloses a kind of packaged type rainwash observation device; this application is that the applicant applied on Dec 14th, 2006; this device is mainly by the runoff gathering-device; the runoff sample collecting apparatus; the run-off determinator; five parts of data metering system and rain-proof protective cover form; its core is runoff sample collecting apparatus and run-off determinator; the runoff sample collecting apparatus only provides the alternate conceptual design configuration; parameter is not carried out scientific definition; show through field inspection in 4 years; silt deposits still more serious in device, has affected the observation accuracy.
Application number is 201010594588X, open day be that the patent of invention on June 8th, 2011 discloses a kind of surface flow silt and mixes and sample collecting apparatus, this application is that the applicant applied on Dec 15th, 2010, though this application has realized the observation of runoff process, silt in the runoff has also been realized abundant mixing and has been gathered, but the sample that gathers is the sample of a runoff, namely can only obtain the sediment transport total amount of a runoff, fail to realize the observation of Sediment Transport Process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solving the sample that existing packaged type rainwash observation device exists sample collecting apparatus to gather is the sample of a runoff, can only obtain the sediment transport total amount of a runoff, fail to realize the problem of the observation of Sediment Transport Process, a kind of sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample is provided.
The present invention includes tipping bucket, final drive shaft, the first overrunning clutch, first from transmission shaft, the second overrunning clutch, second from transmission shaft, worm type of reduction gearing, the 3rd from transmission shaft, nylon tubbiness gatherer, the shunting discharger, flow out bend pipe, the stainless steel water diversion disk, 12 plastic tubes and 12 plastic sample receiving flasks, described tipping bucket is packed on the final drive shaft, the output terminal of final drive shaft is connected with the first input end from transmission shaft by the first overrunning clutch, the first output terminal from transmission shaft is connected with the second input end from transmission shaft by the second overrunning clutch, the second output terminal from transmission shaft is connected with the input end of worm type of reduction gearing, the output terminal of worm type of reduction gearing is connected with the 3rd input end from transmission shaft, the 3rd from transmission shaft by passing through in the middle of the stainless steel water diversion disk, nylon tubbiness gatherer is packed in the 3rd upper end from transmission shaft, the sidewall below of nylon tubbiness gatherer is provided with the first water delivering orifice, the upper surface of stainless steel water diversion disk is provided with 12 plate-likes along same circumference uniform distribution and divides the water box, each plate-like divides the bottom of water box to be provided with the second water delivering orifice, an end that flows out bend pipe is communicated with the first water delivering orifice, the other end that flows out bend pipe is positioned at plate-like and divides water box top, corresponding second water delivering orifice of each plastic tube and a plastic sample receiving flask, and an end of plastic tube is communicated with the second water delivering orifice, the other end of plastic tube is communicated with the plastic sample receiving flask, and the output terminal of shunting discharger is positioned at the top of nylon tubbiness gatherer.
Advantage of the present invention is: one, the present invention is directed to the demand of Sediment Transport Process observation, that utilizes tipping bucket stirs the realization mechanical drive; By worm type of reduction gearing 7 controls the 3rd rotational angle from transmission shaft 8, the rotational angle of bend pipe 11 is flowed out in i.e. control, to realize sampling interval, the runoff time of origin synchronous recording of run-off, accomplished the segmentation collection of silt sample, thereby realized the mensuration of Sediment Transport Process.
Apparatus of the present invention be to a kind of packaged type rainwash observation device (grant number ZL2006101632409) of obtaining patent of invention further replenish and perfect, having solved prior art, to have the sample that gathers be the sediment transport total amount of the sample of a runoff, a runoff and the problem that Sediment Transport Process can not be observed.Two, the present invention combines with automatic rainfall observation equipment, the Simultaneous Determination of the rainfall that the soil erosion of realization single occurs, runoff process, Sediment Transport Process.Three, apparatus of the present invention can be widely used in the evaluation of bringing soil erosion under control district soil and water conservation benefit, the also shunting bucket of alternative standard runoff plots, implementation procedure observation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction front view of the present invention, Fig. 2 be the K of Fig. 1 to view, Fig. 3 is the vertical view of stainless steel water diversion disk 12.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 3, present embodiment comprises tipping bucket 1, final drive shaft 2, the first overrunning clutch 3, first from transmission shaft 4, the second overrunning clutch 5, second from transmission shaft 6, worm type of reduction gearing 7, the 3rd from transmission shaft 8, nylon tubbiness gatherer 9, shunting discharger 10, flow out bend pipe 11, stainless steel water diversion disk 12,12 plastic tubes 13 and 12 plastic sample receiving flasks 14, described tipping bucket 1 is packed on the final drive shaft 2, the output terminal of final drive shaft 2 is connected with the first input end from transmission shaft 4 by the first overrunning clutch 3, the first output terminal from transmission shaft 4 is connected with the second input end from transmission shaft 6 by the second overrunning clutch 5, the second output terminal from transmission shaft 6 is connected with the input end of worm type of reduction gearing 7, the output terminal of worm type of reduction gearing 7 is connected with the 3rd input end from transmission shaft 8, the 3rd passes through by in the middle of the stainless steel water diversion disk 12 from transmission shaft 8, stainless steel water diversion disk 12 is fixed on the plant bottom case, stainless steel water diversion disk 12 does not rotate from transmission shaft 8 with the 3rd, nylon tubbiness gatherer 9 is packed in the 3rd upper end from transmission shaft 8, the sidewall below of nylon tubbiness gatherer 9 is provided with the first water delivering orifice 9-1, the upper surface of stainless steel water diversion disk 12 is provided with 12 plate-likes along same circumference uniform distribution and divides water box 12-1, each plate-like divides the bottom of water box 12-1 to be provided with the second water delivering orifice 12-2, an end that flows out bend pipe 11 is communicated with the first water delivering orifice 9-1, the other end that flows out bend pipe 11 is positioned at plate-like and divides water box 12-1 top, each plastic tube 13 corresponding second a water delivering orifice 12-2 and plastic sample receiving flask 14, and an end of plastic tube 13 is communicated with the second water delivering orifice 12-2, the other end of plastic tube 13 is communicated with plastic sample receiving flask 14, and the output terminal of shunting discharger 10 is positioned at the top of nylon tubbiness gatherer 9.
Worm type of reduction gearing 7 is regulated tipping bucket 1 and is whenever stirred the rotational angle that once flows out bend pipe 11, apparatus of the present invention designs be that whenever to stir the anglec of rotation that once flows out bend pipe 11 be 0.3 degree to tipping bucket 1,12 plate-likes are divided water box 12-1, be that the tipping bucket upset gathers 1 sample 100 times, maximum can gather 12 silt samples.It is the number of times record that stirs by tipping bucket that runoff of the present invention is measured, the quantity that tipping bucket whenever stirs runoff once is certain (known), be a sample collection unit as stir 100 times take tipping bucket, just can realize that sample presses the runoff rate segmentation and gather the silt sample.The precise time that tipping bucket stirs at every turn is recorded instrument record, stirs time of record by the 1st time and the 100th tipping bucket, with regard to time period of this time sample collection as can be known, realizes the mensuration of Sediment Transport Process with this.
Embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the internal diameter of the nylon tubbiness gatherer 9 of present embodiment is 40mm～50mm, the high 45mm～50mm of being.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the internal diameter of the nylon tubbiness gatherer 9 of present embodiment is 45mm, the high 50mm of being.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the internal diameter of the plastic tube 13 of present embodiment is 14mm.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment five: in conjunction with Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the internal diameter of the plastic sample receiving flask 14 of present embodiment is 95mm, the high 180mm of being.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one or two.
The course of work of the present invention: on runoff injects a wherein side on the tipping bucket 1 by the runoff collection tube from the upper end, runoff in tipping bucket 1 reaches constant weight rear dump 1 the forward upset occurs, final drive shaft 2 rotates thereupon, drive first from transmission shaft 4 rotations by the first overrunning clutch 3, directly flow to after tipping bucket 1 rotates on the opposite side on the tipping bucket 1 and inject, reverse flip occurs when reaching constant weight rear dump 1, under the acting in conjunction of the first overrunning clutch 3 and second overrunning clutch 5, assurance first does not rotate from transmission shaft 4 this moments, namely guarantee to be connected with second overrunning clutch 5 second from 6 of transmission shafts to a direction rotation, under the effect of worm type of reduction gearing 7, rotation direction is turned to vertically upward by level, the 3rd drives nylon tubbiness gatherer 9 from transmission shaft 8 rotates, simultaneously, silt sample after twice mixing shunting injects nylon tubbiness gatherer 9 through shunting discharger 10, flow in the stainless steel water diversion disk 12 through flowing out bend pipe 11, flow in the plastic sample receiving flask 14 through plastic tube 13 again, thereby obtain the silt sample of different periods.
The present invention begins development in June, 2010, makes in April, 2011 completely, finishes lab simulation observation in May, 2011, install in June, 2,011 9 on probation in the field.Except the part parts do not adopt anti-corrosion material generation corrosion, install working properlyly, reached designing requirement, realized the segmentation collection of runoff and sediment sample.
Claims (4)
1. sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample, it is characterized in that: described device comprises tipping bucket (1), final drive shaft (2), the first overrunning clutch (3), first from transmission shaft (4), the second overrunning clutch (5), second from transmission shaft (6), worm type of reduction gearing (7), the 3rd from transmission shaft (8), nylon tubbiness gatherer (9), shunting discharger (10), flow out bend pipe (11), stainless steel water diversion disk (12), 12 plastic tubes (13) and 12 plastic sample receiving flasks (14), described tipping bucket (1) is packed on the final drive shaft (2), the output terminal of final drive shaft (2) is connected with the first input end from transmission shaft (4) by the first overrunning clutch (3), the first output terminal from transmission shaft (4) is connected with the second input end from transmission shaft (6) by the second overrunning clutch (5), the second output terminal from transmission shaft (6) is connected with the input end of worm type of reduction gearing (7), the output terminal of worm type of reduction gearing (7) is connected with the 3rd input end from transmission shaft (8), the 3rd from transmission shaft (8) by passing through in the middle of the stainless steel water diversion disk (12), nylon tubbiness gatherer (9) is packed in the 3rd upper end from transmission shaft (8), the sidewall below of nylon tubbiness gatherer (9) is provided with the first water delivering orifice (9-1), the upper surface of stainless steel water diversion disk (12) is provided with 12 plate-likes along same circumference uniform distribution and divides water box (12-1), each plate-like divides the bottom of water box (12-1) to be provided with the second water delivering orifice (12-2), an end that flows out bend pipe (11) is communicated with the first water delivering orifice (9-1), the other end that flows out bend pipe (11) is positioned at plate-like and divides water box (12-1) top, corresponding second water delivering orifice (12-2) of each plastic tube (13) and a plastic sample receiving flask (14), and an end of plastic tube (13) is communicated with the second water delivering orifice (12-2), the other end of plastic tube (13) is communicated with plastic sample receiving flask (14), and the output terminal of shunting discharger (10) is positioned at the top of nylon tubbiness gatherer (9).
2. described a kind of sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described nylon tubbiness gatherer (9) is 40mm～50mm, highly is 45mm～50mm.
3. described a kind of sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described plastic tube (13) is 12mm～16mm.
4. described a kind of sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described plastic sample receiving flask (14) is 95mm, highly is 180mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110255659 CN102435466B (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2011-08-31 | Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110255659 CN102435466B (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2011-08-31 | Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample |
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| CN102435466A CN102435466A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
| CN102435466B true CN102435466B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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| CN 201110255659 Expired - Fee Related CN102435466B (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2011-08-31 | Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104155151A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ridge water and soil loss monitoring device |
| CN104596800B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2017-02-22 | 同济大学 | Wheel type overland runoff sampling device |
| CN106153399B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2023-04-25 | 云南大学 | Automatic sampling device for low-power consumption karst cave drip |
| CN110595843A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-20 | 安徽理工大学 | High-efficient, accurate detachable runoff district |
| CN113933201B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-11-03 | 西安理工大学 | Device and method for measuring full-scene runoff sediment |
| CN115060859B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2024-02-13 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Runoff sediment content measuring method and measuring device thereof |
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| CN1464300A (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-12-31 | 中国农业大学 | Apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content |
| CN1789953A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-06-21 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Method and apparatus for sampling runoff on slope |
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| CN101762409A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-06-30 | 北京师范大学 | Automatic urban rainfall runoff sampler |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101051133B1 (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2011-07-22 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Spill Rainwater Collector |
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2011
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1464300A (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-12-31 | 中国农业大学 | Apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content |
| CN1789953A (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-06-21 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Method and apparatus for sampling runoff on slope |
| CN1789954A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2006-06-21 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Automatic sampling system for storm runoff in small watershed |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
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