CN1464300A - Apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content - Google Patents
Apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content Download PDFInfo
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- CN1464300A CN1464300A CN 02121557 CN02121557A CN1464300A CN 1464300 A CN1464300 A CN 1464300A CN 02121557 CN02121557 CN 02121557 CN 02121557 A CN02121557 A CN 02121557A CN 1464300 A CN1464300 A CN 1464300A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one apparatus for collecting surface runoff flow and measuring the sediment content in runoff flow. The technological scheme is that the apparatus consists of sampling chamber, stirrer, drainage valve, valve controller, upper liquid level probe and lower liquid level probe on the side wall of sampling chamber, controller, gamma ray output device and gamma ray set separately on the two sides of the sampling chamber, and automatic calibrator. The apparatus has simple structure, simple installation, reliable work performance, long service life and high automation and may be used in the fast, real-time and accurate in-situ measurement of the sediment content in runoff flow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of when carrying out the research of subjects such as the soil erosion, water and soil conservation, ecologic environment, hydraulic engineering, physical geography, be used for collecting continuously rainwash muddy water and measure radial flow sediment content and time dependent muddy water self-operated measuring unit thereof, belong to soil erosion experiment detection and river load and change observation technology field, i.e. G01N33/18.
Background technology
Radial flow sediment content is the important content of the soil erosion, water and soil conservation, hydrologic research, river load detection.On-the-spot quick, the accurate measurement in real time of silt content are present problem demanding prompt solutions.The classic method of sediment concentration measuring is the artificial muddy water sample of gathering, and dries then, weighs, and this method can't realize in real time, the continuous change procedure of on-line measurement sediment charge, and time-consuming.Scientific and technical personnel are always actively seeking the modern surveying method of silt content, as conductance method, capacitance method, vibratory drilling method, photoelectric method, ultrasonic method and laser method etc. for many years.Owing to be subjected to the restriction of senser element and electronic component sensitivity, all some is lower for the measuring accuracy of these methods, is subjected to the influence of on-the-spot objective factor bigger, needs more loaded down with trivial details on-the-spot adjustment, and the stability extreme difference of instrument, the variation range of in-site measurement runoff silt content is very narrow.Because these problems still do not have a kind of measuring method of radial flow sediment content preferably so far.People such as Lei Tingwu have proposed to adopt the method and the principle of gamma rays transmission line measurement sediment charge first; And runoff muddy water sample continuous acquisition is the important step that realizes that radial flow sediment content is on-the-spot fast, accurately measure in real time.When adopting gamma rays to measure sediment charge, the muddy water solution example that certain volume must be arranged is so that the gamma rays transmission, and muddy water solution is that sediment deposition can not appear in homogeneous; Simultaneously in order to obtain higher measuring accuracy, measure the sampling time at every turn and must not be less than certain hour (1 second or 3 seconds).Yet, no matter be at the indoors artificial simulated rainfall, still natural rainfall in the open air, the rainwash flow size of domatic generation is a random variation.Especially when just producing rainwash, the rainwash flow is very little, in order to obtain the radial flow sediment content of this moment, need satisfy the liquor capacity requirement that gamma rays can be measured with the runoff muddy water that a kind of sampling container is collected a certain amount of volume; But measure this moment sediment charge may be average sediment charge in the long period, can not satisfy the requirement that some scientific research detects, can not obtain the situation of change of sediment charge in the short period.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of novel measurement radial flow sediment content.It not only can satisfy the requirement that the gamma rays transmission beam method is measured radial flow sediment content exactly, continuously, measures the sediment charge method but also may adapt to other, realizes that the radial flow sediment content scene fast, measure real-time and accurately.
Comprise in order to reach the technical scheme that purpose of the present invention takes: sampler chamber 3 is positioned at the stirrer 2 of sampler chamber 3, stirring motor 1, be positioned at the draining valve 4 of sampler chamber 3 bottoms, valve positioner 5 is positioned at last level probe 6 and following level probe 7 on sampler chamber 3 sidewalls, control device; Side at sampler chamber 3 is provided with gamma rays follower 10, disposes gamma rays probe 9 at the opposite side of sampler chamber 3, is connected with automatic scaler 12 with gamma rays probe 9.
Control device in the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of above-mentioned radial flow sediment content comprises single-chip microcomputer 8, be installed in and be positioned at the zero line probe 13 of level probe 7 belows down on the sampler chamber 3, with last level probe 6, the following liquid level detection circuit that couples together of level probe 7 and zero line probe 13 and single-chip microcomputer 8, valve positioner 5, the draining valve control circuit that valve positioner 5 and single-chip microcomputer 8 are coupled together, and stirring motor control circuit.
In the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of above-mentioned radial flow sediment content, between automatic scaler 12 and control device, be connected to industrial computer 11.
Stirrer 2 in the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of above-mentioned radial flow sediment content can be puddler or blade, also can stir or the magnetic agitation replacement with vibration.
The present invention has following advantage: because composition is simple in structure, it is also convenient therefore to install, reliable working performance, long service life; Because each parts of device all can be controlled and coordination well by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and probe, so this system can carry out the surveying work that runoff muddy water is collected sampling and sediment charge continuously well, the automaticity height is for on-the-spot fast, real-time, the accurate measurement of radial flow sediment content provides strong assurance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the logic control block diagram of the control section of the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the control section of the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content of the present invention.
Specific embodiments
Be further described below in conjunction with the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of accompanying drawing radial flow sediment content of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1,1 is stirring motor, and 2 is stirrer, and alr mode can adopt multiple mode, as directly stirring in sampler chamber with puddler or blade, also can vibrate stirring or magnetic agitation etc., in the present embodiment, has adopted blade mixer; 3 is sampler chamber, its shape is not limit, and can be square, can be cylindrical yet, it can also be drum type etc., its manufacturing materials is not limit yet, and can be metal, can be other materials such as organic glass or plastics yet, in the present embodiment, its volume is designed to 8 * 8 * 15cm, and the bottom of arc helps stirring, and prevents the silt alluvial; 4 is draining valve, and 5 is valve positioner, opens or closes in real time by valve positioner 5 control draining valves 4; 6 is last level probe, 7 are following level probe, 8 is that commercially available model is 8051 MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer, 10 is the gamma rays follower, 9 are and gamma rays follower 10 corresponding gamma rays probes, the 11st, model is the industrial computer of PC104, and 12 is automatic scaler, and 13 is zero line probe Y3.
As shown in Figure 3, at first, the lower right of figure is a power supply power pack circuit, and it is required for single-chip microcomputer and other circuit that it is converted to direct current 5v voltage with the 220v AC power; Secondly, the lower left is a liquid level detection circuit in the sampler chamber, comprise level probe Y1, following level probe Y2 and zero line probe Y3 are connected with R17 with adjustable resistance R16 respectively, and signal passes through comparer A and B respectively, link to each other with single-chip microcomputer 8 with LH through LL then, this circuit by last level probe 6 be probe Y1 and following level probe 7 be probe Y2 and zero line probe Y3 whether signal is obtained in conducting, and signal is transferred to single-chip microcomputer 8 by LH and LL two-way, liquid level is detected judgement; The third part circuit is top-right draining valve control circuit, comprise the J3 that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 8, resistance R 1, triode N1, relay J DQ1, J4, resistance R 6, triode N2 and relay J DQ2, this circuit judges by 8 pairs of processing from liquid level signal of single-chip microcomputer, then single-chip microcomputer 8 sends to J3 or J4 and cuts out or opening signal, carries out draining and closing motion by valve positioner 5, and the control draining valve opens or closes in real time; The 4th partial circuit is the stirring motor control circuit, and it has comprised the F that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer 8, resistance R 15, and triode N3 and relay J DQ3 are by single-chip microcomputer 8 control stirring motors; Decline is the upper left J5 of figure, is that single-chip microcomputer 8 carries out the data transmission interface part with PC104 industrial computer 11.Fig. 2 has shown the logic control relation of foregoing circuit.
The present invention utilizes a container as the sampler chamber of collecting runoff muddy water, consider no matter be at the indoors artificial simulated rainfall, still natural rainfall in the open air, the rainwash flow size of domatic generation is a random variation, so the sidewall of sampler chamber is equipped with two pairs of level probes, come the variation of liquid level in the perception sampler chamber by these two pairs of level probes, then control draining valve and open or close in real time, to guarantee to provide the essential muddy water amount of measuring by control system.Simultaneously, the runoff muddy water generation precipitation that the muddy water that flows in the sampler chamber is continuously stirred to prevent to collect causes having a strong impact on measuring accuracy.By the runoff muddy water automatic sampling apparatus of said method design can realize well real-time, online with the gamma rays transmission beam method, measure radial flow sediment content and process over time thereof fast.
The principle of work and the course of work of apparatus of the present invention are:, by diversion trench runoff muddy water is introduced in the sampler chamber when having runoff to produce when domatic; The MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer sends shutdown signal by the J3 signal circuit to valve positioner, and drain shut valve also sends enabling signal by the F signal circuit to stirrer simultaneously, and beginning does not stop to stir; Along with runoff muddy water constantly flows into sampler chamber, the muddy water liquid level in the sampler chamber constantly rises.When liquid level reaches level probe Y2, Y2 and Y3 conducting; The MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer receives down the signal of level probe Y2 by the LL signal circuit, and the MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer sends signal by serial port to PC104 industrial computer 11 at once; PC104 industrial computer 11 starts scaler 12 at once, scaler 12 beginning continuous acquisition gamma rays probes 9 gamma ray intensity that obtained, and this gamma ray intensity size is determined by the concentration height that sees through muddy water solution that gamma rays follower 10 sends.Then scaler 12 to PC104 industrial computer 11, can get corresponding sediment charge to the gamma ray intensity data transmission by calculation process.The sediment charge measuring system is just so constantly measured.Along with runoff muddy water constantly flows into sampler chamber, the sampler chamber liquid level constantly rises; When liquid level reaches level probe Y1 position, also conducting of Y1 and Y3; The MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer receives the signal of level probe Y1 by the LH signal circuit, and send to valve positioner by the J4 signal circuit and open the draining valve signal, the muddy water in the discharging sampler chamber, liquid level descends; When liquid level dropped to level probe position Y2, promptly Y1 and Y2 and Y3 all disconnected; The MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer sends shutdown signal by the J3 signal circuit to valve positioner immediately, closes draining valve, and liquid level rises again.Control drain shut valve in real time and open according to level change by the MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer, no matter how rainwash flow size changes, also can well the liquid level in the sampler chamber be controlled on the certain altitude, this sample device just can be measured radial flow sediment content real-time, online with the gamma rays transmission beam method well, apace, and can reflect its process over time well.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content, it is characterized in that, it comprises sampler chamber (3), be positioned at the stirrer (2) of sampler chamber (3), stirring motor (1) is positioned at the draining valve (4) of sampler chamber (3) bottom, valve positioner (5), be positioned at last level probe (6) and following level probe (7) on sampler chamber (3) sidewall, control device; Side at sampler chamber (3) is provided with gamma rays follower (10), disposes gamma rays probe (9) at the opposite side of sampler chamber (3), is connected with automatic scaler (12) with gamma rays probe (9).
2, the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described control device comprises single-chip microcomputer (8), be installed in and be positioned at the zero line probe (13) of level probe (7) below down on the sampler chamber (3), to go up the liquid level detection circuit that level probe (6), following level probe (7) and zero line probe (13) and single-chip microcomputer (8) couple together, valve positioner (5), the draining valve control circuit that valve positioner (5) and single-chip microcomputer (8) are coupled together, and stirring motor control circuit.
3, the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described liquid level detection circuit comprises level probe Y1, following level probe Y2 and zero line probe Y3, be connected with R17 with adjustable resistance R16 respectively, signal passes through comparer A and B respectively, links to each other with single-chip microcomputer (8) with LH through LL then; The draining valve control circuit comprises the J3 that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer (8), resistance R 1, triode N1, relay J DQ1, J4, resistance R 6, triode N2 and relay J DQ2; The stirring motor control circuit has comprised the F that links to each other with single-chip microcomputer (8), resistance R 15, triode N3 and relay J DQ3.
4, the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, is connected to industrial computer (11) between automatic scaler (12) and control device.
5, the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content according to claim 1 is characterized in that, stirrer (2) can be puddler or blade, also can stir or the magnetic agitation replacement with vibration.
6, the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the shape of sampler chamber (3) can be square or column type, also can be drum type.
7, the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content according to claim 1 is characterized in that, draining valve (4) is installed in the bottom of sampler chamber (3).
8, the apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the bottom of sampler chamber (3) is an arc.
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| CN 02121557 CN1225647C (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2002-06-25 | Apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content |
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| CN 02121557 CN1225647C (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2002-06-25 | Apparatus for continuous and automatic measurement of radial flow sediment content |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102435466A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-05-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample |
| CN102590894A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-18 | 清华大学 | Automatic observation system for runoff experimental station |
| CN102680369A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏大学 | Simple method for calculating silt deposition quantity in unit leaf area of aquatic plants |
| CN102841188A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-26 | 河海大学 | Method for judging relation between power loss of wind space wave energy and sand content distribution of silt coast |
| CN103399025A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 兰州海默科技股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus used for on-line detection of sand mass fraction of multiphase flow |
| CN106483150A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-08 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | A kind of measuring method of sand grain degrees of exposure |
| CN106770483A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 兰州大学 | Measurement apparatus |
| CN107525734A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-29 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of sandstone is aqueous, the measuring system and measuring method of clay content |
| CN108827405A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-16 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Agricultural non-point source pollution runoff monitoring apparatus and method |
| CN108867538A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-11-23 | 张勇 | A kind of silt area draining silt content control device |
| CN110031356A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 长春合利水土保持科技有限公司 | Sediment content measuring device in a kind of portable runoff |
| CN110031370A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-19 | 西安理工大学 | The measuring device and monitoring method of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces silt based on the identification of runoff turbidity |
| CN113567295A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-10-29 | 北京易科立德生态环境科技有限责任公司 | Runoff sediment content measuring device and method |
| CN115326742A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-11 | 浙江和宸环保科技有限公司 | Portable soil erosion and water loss automatic monitoring device |
-
2002
- 2002-06-25 CN CN 02121557 patent/CN1225647C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102435466A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-05-02 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample |
| CN102435466B (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Sectional collecting device of surface flow silt sample |
| CN102590894A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-18 | 清华大学 | Automatic observation system for runoff experimental station |
| CN102590894B (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-08-21 | 清华大学 | Automatic observation system for runoff experimental station |
| CN102680369A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏大学 | Simple method for calculating silt deposition quantity in unit leaf area of aquatic plants |
| CN102841188A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-26 | 河海大学 | Method for judging relation between power loss of wind space wave energy and sand content distribution of silt coast |
| CN103399025A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 兰州海默科技股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus used for on-line detection of sand mass fraction of multiphase flow |
| CN103399025B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-09-30 | 兰州海默科技股份有限公司 | A kind of on-line measurement is containing the method for quality sand factor in sand polyphasic flow |
| CN106483150A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-08 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | A kind of measuring method of sand grain degrees of exposure |
| CN106483150B (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2019-01-22 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | A kind of measurement method of sand grain degrees of exposure |
| CN106770483A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 兰州大学 | Measurement apparatus |
| CN106770483B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2023-10-20 | 兰州大学 | Measuring device |
| CN108867538B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-05-12 | 冯思远 | Silt district drainage sand content controlling means |
| CN108867538A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-11-23 | 张勇 | A kind of silt area draining silt content control device |
| CN107525734A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2017-12-29 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of sandstone is aqueous, the measuring system and measuring method of clay content |
| CN107525734B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2023-08-29 | 西南科技大学 | System and method for measuring water content and mud content of sand and stone |
| CN108827405A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-16 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Agricultural non-point source pollution runoff monitoring apparatus and method |
| CN110031370A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-19 | 西安理工大学 | The measuring device and monitoring method of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces silt based on the identification of runoff turbidity |
| CN110031370B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-10-15 | 西安理工大学 | Measuring device and monitoring method for slope erosion sediment based on runoff turbidity identification |
| CN110031356A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 长春合利水土保持科技有限公司 | Sediment content measuring device in a kind of portable runoff |
| CN110031356B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2023-12-26 | 长春合利水土保持科技有限公司 | Portable device for measuring sediment content in runoff |
| CN113567295A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-10-29 | 北京易科立德生态环境科技有限责任公司 | Runoff sediment content measuring device and method |
| CN115326742A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-11 | 浙江和宸环保科技有限公司 | Portable soil erosion and water loss automatic monitoring device |
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