CN102429135B - Feed used in later laying peak period of SPF (specific pathogen free) breeding hens and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed used in later laying peak period of SPF (specific pathogen free) breeding hens and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102429135B CN102429135B CN2011104330882A CN201110433088A CN102429135B CN 102429135 B CN102429135 B CN 102429135B CN 2011104330882 A CN2011104330882 A CN 2011104330882A CN 201110433088 A CN201110433088 A CN 201110433088A CN 102429135 B CN102429135 B CN 102429135B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed used in the later laying peak period of SPF (specific pathogen free) breeding hens and a preparation method thereof. The feed is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 620-640 parts of corn meal, 200-220 parts of bean pulp, 25-35 parts of wheat bran, 15-25 parts of fish meal, 1-2 parts of 98% of methionine, 70-90 parts of limestone meal, 10-14 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2.5-3.5 parts of salt and 10 parts of premix. Compared with the traditional sterilization method, the preparation method is characterized by adopting a Co60 ray source for radiation sterilization and strictly limiting the radiation dose rate and radiation time. The feed subjected to radiation sterilization of the Co60 ray source has low nutrient losses, good sterilization effect and low cost and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chicken feed and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of for the SPF kind chicken feed in peak later stage and preparation method thereof of laying eggs, belong to field of feed processing.
Background technology
The whole world has millions of agri-scientific researches and Technique Popularizing personnel to be engaged in to make research and the production in the required SPF egg of animal vaccine source, can't find reasonable effective technology to stop SPF chicken group support to grow the predicament that unsuccessfully occurs but face.
Producing the conventional method for breeding of SPF kind egg employing cannot; we know; the cultivation of SPF chicken needs specific room; equipment and feed; the several special processing before feeding of SPF chicken feed are processed; purpose is exactly the special pathogen of killing in the SPF chicken feed; and then be transported to SPF chicken breeding house by specific channel; SPF chicken not only; comprise all apparatus and poultry raiser etc.; all can not bring any special pathogen into SPF chicken breeding house; the purpose of all these loaded down with trivial details links only has one to be exactly the high-quality and safety that obtains to make international endorsement; do not carry the animal vaccine product of specific pathogen microorganism; then; according to antibody test level and immunology principle in the animal body; and the vaccine characteristic is within the rational time; according to rational vaccine using method; dosage carries out immunity to animal targetedly; and the quality of vaccine is particularly important; make that vaccine uses raw material-SPF egg quality is more crucial; domestic when paying close attention to the animal vaccine quality; more pay close attention to nutrition and the processing technology of SPF chicken feed; determine that particularly SPF chicken group support grows the process of killing and the technique of specific pathogen microorganism in the feed that success or failure play a crucial role; our country puts into effect separately Policy Conditions for this reason; make the international SPF egg of the essential use of egg of biovaccine; this also is at first one of key technology points in line with international standards of China's biovaccine goods; when the animal vaccine of only in this way producing can really reach the specific aim immunity; be unlikely to other specific pathogen microorganisms are taken in the animal vaccine; to such an extent as to cause in this zoonotic while of immunity; spread the specific pathogen microorganism of carrying because of vaccine; cause propagation and the diffusion of other infectious diseases, the healthy and happy life of happiness with to protect mankind.
At present both at home and abroad the trend of research is to kill specific pathogen microorganism in the SPF chicken feed with efficient processing technology, in this processing procedure, avoid as much as possible destroying the nutritive index in the feed, particularly do not destroy as far as possible the protein in the feed, the composition of vitamin, but, this is a vision, way in the actual production is when the design feed formula, add excessive nutriment, the nutriment that particularly is easy to processed operation destruction in the processing processing procedure wants excess to add, to ensure that feed is easy to the nutritional need that destroyed nutriment can satisfy SPF chicken group in the pathogenic microbe killing process, bring into play as far as possible SPF chicken group's production performance;
Adopting in the world at present the more method of killing special pathogen employing in the SPF kind chicken feed is greatly the high-pressure water vapor sterilization, exactly the good finished feed of production is packaged with specific Polypropylence Sheet and package, pack in the high-pressure chamber, passing into water vapour makes it pressure and reaches 4.5 standard atmospheric pressures, temperature reaches more than 120 degrees centigrade, and maintenance mathematical models, sterilization time reached more than 45 minutes, then sampling detects under special circumstances, can use after guaranteeing not contain special pathogen in the feed, the method is time-consuming, effort, the waste resource, but also to need steam boiler and a large amount of fire coal of waste, coal also will produce the pollutants such as the waste gas such as a large amount of carbon dioxide and dust and environment is caused very large pressure and pollution in combustion process, simultaneously, also cause a large amount of losses of nutriment when in utilizing the autoclaved process of water vapour, killing special pathogen, more trouble is and is to cause the increase of the humidity of feed and moisture and cause the shortening of feed storage time, even causes the growth of mould in the feed and the generation of mycotoxin at high temperature season.
The method that the present invention adopts is the Co that uses atomic energy
60Carry out irradiation, take certain irradiation dose and exposure time to kill the method for the special pathogen in the feed, the nutritive index of the feed that needs because of SPF kind chicken different life has a long way to go, feed formula and the feed raw material that need have a long way to go, so kill the needed atomic energy Co of special pathogen in the feed
60Irradiation dose and exposure time gap also very large, so the content and the conventional chicken feed of planting that are easy to the nutriments such as the multivitamin that loses and mineral trace element, protein, amino acid, energy in the feed in irradiation process have very large difference.
For this reason, the present invention designs the feed formula that following suitable SPF kind chicken was used in the peak later stage of laying eggs, according to atomic energy Co of the present invention
60Irradiation dose and exposure time kill the SPF kind chicken of feeding behind the special pathogen in the feed and obtained better effects.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is by lay eggs the peak later stage nutritional need of SPF kind chicken of (421 ages in days-500 eliminate) of analysis-by-synthesis, scientific and reasonable made a kind of for the lay eggs feed in peak later stage of SPF kind chicken.
Of the present invention a kind of for the lay eggs feed in peak later stage of SPF kind chicken, it is characterized in that being formed by each raw material of following weight portion: 620-640 part corn flour, 200-220 part dregs of beans, 25-35 part wheat bran, 15-25 part fish meal, 1-2 part content is 98% methionine, 70-90 part stone flour, 10-14 part calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.5-3.5 portion salt and 10 parts of premixes, wherein contain compound vitamin 20kg in the described premix per ton, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg, described each raw material mixes rear sterilization and get final product.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, describedly be comprised of each raw material of following weight portion for the lay eggs feed in peak later stage of SPF kind chicken: 634 portions of corn flour, 210 parts of dregs of beans, 30 parts of wheat brans, 20 parts of fish meal, 1.6 parts of content are 98% methionine, 80 parts of stone flours, 12 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 portions of salt and 10 parts of premixes, wherein contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix per ton, described each raw material mixes rear sterilization and get final product.
Wherein, preferred, described sterilization is to adopt Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, and radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, and exposure time is 60 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, feed formula of the present invention and nutritive index are as shown in table 1:
Table 1 lay eggs peak later stage feed formula and nutritive index (421 ages in days-500 are eliminated)
Wherein contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix per ton.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing described feed, it is characterized in that described each raw material is mixed according to above arbitrary described weight ratio, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack every bag of 40KG, volume is 80cm*40cm*20cm, uses Co
60The radiographic source irradiation sterilization, the irradiation field calibrated error is less than ± 5%, absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose, continue irradiation behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60 hours, to be stored in 20 ± 5 ℃, relative humidity be the indoor of 40-70% to feed behind the irradiation, finishes using in three weeks.
Compared to prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, feed formula is scientific and reasonable, has satisfied greatly SPF kind chicken at the nutritional need in peak later stage of laying eggs, and the SPF kind chicken of edible feed of the present invention is higher than height, average egg weight compared to the SPF kind egg material that adopts normal diet to feed;
2, the present invention adopts atomic energy Co
60Feed is carried out irradiation sterilization, after three weeks, the special pathogen in the feed is detected, testing result is zero;
3, according to atomic energy Co of the present invention
60Irradiation dose and exposure time kill special pathogen in the feed, few to the content loss of the nutriments such as the multivitamin in the feed and mineral trace element, protein, amino acid, energy.
4, the present invention adopts atomic energy Co
60Feed is carried out irradiation sterilization, and simple to operate, convenient, the feed after the sterilization is stored easily, greatly reduces the cost of producing SPF kind chicken feed, can satisfy the demand of large-scale production SPF kind chicken feed.
The specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.But these embodiment only are exemplary, scope of the present invention are not consisted of any restriction.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that lower without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and can make amendment or replace the details of technical solution of the present invention and form, but these modifications and replacing all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Raw material: corn flour (is corn flour after 3 millimeters sieve is pulverized by diameter.), dregs of beans, wheat bran, fish meal, content be 98% methionine, stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, salt and premix respectively available from the prosperous biotechnology Co., Ltd of herding in the Heilongjiang Province of herding research institute of Heilongjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, premix composition per ton and content are as shown in table 2:
Table 2 premix composition per ton and content:
| 2 ‰ compound vitamins | 2% grandidierite dimension | 50% Choline Chloride | Imported fish meal | 200 order zeolite powders |
| 20kg | 200kg | 200kg | 400kg | 180kg |
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing respectively each raw material by weight portion of the present invention: the content of 634kg corn flour, 210kg dregs of beans, 30kg wheat bran, 20kg fish meal, 1.6kg is 98% methionine, 80kg stone flour, 12kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 3kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contains compound vitamin 20g, grandidierite dimension 200g, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400g and 200 order zeolite powder 180g in every kilogram of described premix.
Each raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned weight is mixed, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack, every bag of 40KG, volume are 80cm*40cm*20cm, use Co
60The radiographic source irradiation sterilization, the irradiation field calibrated error is less than ± 5%, absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose, continue irradiation behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60 hours, behind the irradiation feed be stored in 20 ℃, relative humidity be 50% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing respectively each raw material by weight portion of the present invention: the content of 630kg corn flour, 205kg dregs of beans, 30kg wheat bran, 20kg fish meal, 2kg is 98% methionine, 90kg stone flour, 10kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 3kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contains compound vitamin 20g, grandidierite dimension 200g, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400g and 200 order zeolite powder 180g in every kilogram of described premix.
Each raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned weight is mixed, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack, every bag of 40KG, volume are 80cm*40cm*20cm, use Co
60The radiographic source irradiation sterilization, the irradiation field calibrated error is less than ± 5%, absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose, continue irradiation behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60H, behind the irradiation feed be stored in 20 ℃, relative humidity be 50% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing respectively each raw material by weight portion of the present invention: the content of 638kg corn flour, 220kg dregs of beans, 30kg wheat bran, 15kg fish meal, 1kg is 98% methionine, 70kg stone flour, 14kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.5kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contains compound vitamin 20g, grandidierite dimension 200g, Choline Chloride 200g, imported fish meal 400g and 200 order zeolite powder 180g in every kilogram of described premix.
Each raw material pulverizing of above-mentioned weight is mixed, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack, every bag of 40KG, volume are 80cm*40cm*20cm, use Co
60The radiographic source irradiation sterilization, the irradiation field calibrated error is less than ± 5%, absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose, continue irradiation behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60H, behind the irradiation feed be stored in 20 ℃, relative humidity be 50% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Test example 1
Adopt embodiment 1 described method to prepare 1 batch of feed, be divided into 10 groups, Co
60Week about 10 groups of feeds are carried out respectively the detection of specific pathogen bacterium behind the radiographic source irradiation sterilization, testing result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3Co
60Irradiation sterilization experimental design prescription specific pathogen recall rate
Can find out from the above results, adopt the feed after method of the present invention is sterilized, in the 3rd week after sterilization, still not by detecting any specific pathogen bacterium, the edible safety that sterilizing methods sterilization of the present invention is thorough, effective, guaranteed SPF kind chicken is described.
Test example 2
In order to contrast the situation of change of each nutritional labeling behind the feed predose, the content of nutritional labeling in the feed behind the predose is measured, the result is as shown in table 4.
The nutritive index table of comparisons behind the table 4 feed predose
Test example 3
Lay eggs the peak later stage SPF kind chicken of (421 ages in days-500 are eliminated) of the forage feed that adopts embodiment 1 to prepare is added up the adult livability in the peak later stage of laying eggs, and the result is as shown in table 5.
Table 5Co
60The irradiation sterilization experimental design prescription peak later stage adult livability table of comparisons of laying eggs
Test example 4
Being used for autoclaved feed formula is: 600kg corn flour, 240kg dregs of beans, 30kg wheat bran, 20kg fish meal, 1kg content are that 98% lysine, 80kg stone flour, 1.6kg content are 98% methionine, 15kg calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 2.4kg salt and 10kg premix, wherein contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix per ton.
High-pressure sterilizing method: package with specific Polypropylence Sheet and package producing good finished feed, then pack in the high-pressure chamber, pass into water vapour and make it pressure and reach 4.5 standard atmospheric pressures, temperature reaches more than 120 degrees centigrade, and the maintenance mathematical models, sterilization time reached more than 45 minutes.
Adopt autoclaved feed formula and atomic energy irradiation sterilization feed of the present invention to raise respectively 421 ages in days-500 age in days SPF kind chicken, every group 3000, after feeding 2 months SPF kind chicken is added up at the peak later stage chicken feed conversion rate of laying eggs, the result is as shown in table 6, adopts the average production performance index of the SPF kind chicken that two groups of DIFFERENT FEED feed as shown in table 7:
Table 6 autoclaving feed formula and the experimental design of the atomic energy irradiation sterilization prescription peak later stage chicken feed conversion rate table of comparisons of laying eggs
The average production performance index of table 7
Wherein, every of accumulative total enters to give up laying hen egg yield=full group's egg production/enter hen number of house
Test example 5
Adopt the embodiment of the invention 1 to prepare forage feed SPF kind chicken, parallelly carry out 10 groups, results SPF kind egg carries out the detection of 24 kinds of special pathogens, and testing result is as shown in table 8.
Table 8SPF kind egg 24 special pathogen testing results
Claims (2)
1. one kind is used for the lay eggs feed in peak later stage of SPF kind chicken, it is characterized in that being comprised of each raw material of following weight portion: 634 portions of corn flour, 210 parts of dregs of beans, 30 parts of wheat brans, 20 parts of fish meal, 1.6 parts of content are 98% methionine, 80 parts of stone flours, 12 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 portions of salt and 10 parts of premixes, wherein contain compound vitamin 20kg, grandidierite dimension 200kg, Choline Chloride 200kg, imported fish meal 400kg and 200 order zeolite powder 180kg in the described premix per ton, described each raw material mixes rear sterilization and get final product;
Described sterilization is to adopt Co60 radiographic source irradiation sterilization, and the irradiation field calibrated error is less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, and radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, and exposure time is 60 hours.
2. method for preparing feed claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described each raw material is mixed according to weight ratio claimed in claim 1, adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack every bag of 40KG, volume is 80cm*40cm*20cm, uses Co
60The radiographic source irradiation sterilization, the irradiation field calibrated error is less than ± 5%, absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2, sample irradiation is during to a half-value dose, continue irradiation behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60 hours, to be stored in 20 ± 5 ℃, relative humidity be the indoor of 40-70% to feed behind the irradiation, finishes using in three weeks.
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| CN2011104330882A CN102429135B (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2011-12-21 | Feed used in later laying peak period of SPF (specific pathogen free) breeding hens and preparation method thereof |
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| CN2011104330882A CN102429135B (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2011-12-21 | Feed used in later laying peak period of SPF (specific pathogen free) breeding hens and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102429135B true CN102429135B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN103027203A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-10 | 青岛康大食品有限公司 | Feed for SPF male rabbit mating period and preparation method thereof |
| CN102987155A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-03-27 | 青岛康大食品有限公司 | Feed for SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) breeding female rabbits in non-pregnant period and preparation method thereof |
| CN106615970A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 枞阳县恒祥生态农业有限公司 | Feed for promoting later egg laying performance of aged laying hen |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 产蛋高峰后提高蛋鸡效益的措施;李北;《河南畜牧兽医》;20041231;第25卷(第12期);200 * |
| 刘月琴等.高峰后蛋鸡(产蛋率＜85%)配方举例.《新编蛋鸡饲料配方600例》.化学工业出版社,2009, * |
| 李北.产蛋高峰后提高蛋鸡效益的措施.《河南畜牧兽医》.2004,第25卷(第12期), |
| 王君华.SPF试验动物饲料辐照灭菌的研究.《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊）农业科技辑》.2008,(第9期), * |
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