CN102987155A - Feed for SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) breeding female rabbits in non-pregnant period and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed for SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) breeding female rabbits in non-pregnant period and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a feed for SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) breeding female rabbits in a non-pregnant period. The feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 190-210 parts of corn flour, 90-110 parts of corn gluten feed, 355-375 parts of alfalfa meal, 190-210 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of methionine the content of which is 98%, 2-4 parts of lysine, 4-6 parts of mountain flour for feed, 13-15 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2.5-3.5 parts of table salt, and 10 parts of premix. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the feed. The method comprises the following operation steps of: respectively weighting the raw materials; blending the weighted raw materials; uniformly stirring and packaging the raw materials; and sterilizing the packaged raw materials. According to the invention, the feed is scientific and reasonable in formula; the SPF breeding female rabbits in the non-pregnant period fed by the feed are good in body condition recovery; and by adopting Co60 radiation sterilization, the content loss of nutrient substances is small, and the feed is easy to store.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of feed processing, specifically a kind of feed for female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Experimental rabbit also is widely used in pharmaceuticals industry except being used for medical science, pharmacy and biological study.The quality of experimental rabbit directly has influence on the accuracy of experimental result and the quality of medicine, and is related to the healthy of people.At present, set up SPF(Specific pathogen Free abroad, no-special pathogen) the rabbit propagating population, and realize supplied goods, but domesticly only had minority unit and area can reach the SPF level.
Female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind refers to that the key of this section feeding and management in period is flushing, adjusts the growth of livestock, impels it to oestrus as early as possible from young rabbit before the again breeding gestation this section female rabbit in period of weaning, and early breeding improves breeding rate.Nonpregnant female rabbit should keep medium body condition, i.e. the fertile degree of seven, eighty per cant fat, overfertilization or excessively thin growth, the breeding that all can affect female rabbit.The nutrition of nonpregnant female rabbit is wanted comprehensively, but trophic level is unsuitable too high.Carried out before breeding that short-term is excellent raises in 7-10 days, be beneficial to early oestrus, ovulate more, be impregnated more and fecund young.
The whole world has millions of agri-scientific researches and Technique Popularizing personnel to be engaged in research and the production of animal used as test SPF rabbit, can't find reasonable effective technology to stop SPF rabbit group support to grow unsuccessfully the predicament that occurs but face.
Producing the conventional method for breeding of SPF rabbit employing cannot.We know, the cultivation of SPF rabbit needs specific room, equipment and feed, SPF rabbit feed needs to process through several special processing before feeding, purpose is exactly the special pathogen of killing in the SPF rabbit feed, and then be transported to SPF rabbit breeding house by specific channel, SPF rabbit not only, comprise all apparatus and poultry raiser etc., all can not bring any special pathogen into SPF rabbit breeding house, the purpose of all these loaded down with trivial details links obtains exactly high level experiment and uses rabbit, to satisfy the needs of research and production, for example be used for the basic medical Journal of Sex Research, the foundation of animal model, the research of check and drug effect etc.The SPF rabbit has active influence to accuracy, reliability and the repeatability of experimental result, and specified-pathogens free existence, and microorganism and parasite quality that can the General Promotion experimental rabbit satisfy the needs of domestic production, scientific research and evaluation.Therefore the quality of SPF rabbit is very crucial.In the process that the SPF rabbit is raised; nutrition and the processing technology of SPF rabbit feed; determine that particularly SPF rabbit group support grows the process of killing and the technique of specific pathogen microorganism in the feed that success or failure play a crucial role; our the country " Chinese pharmacopoeia of promulgating for this reason; " Products in China rules " claim to the experimental rabbit quality; this also is at first one of key technology points in line with international standards of China's biovaccine goods; when the animal vaccine of only producing according to such requirement can really reach the specific aim immunity; be unlikely to other specific pathogen microorganisms are taken in the animal vaccine; to such an extent as to cause in this zoonotic while of immunity; spread the specific pathogen microorganism of carrying because of vaccine; cause propagation and the diffusion of other infectious diseases, the healthy and happy life of happiness with to protect mankind.
At present both at home and abroad the trend of research is to kill specific pathogen microorganism in the SPF rabbit feed with efficient processing technology, in this processing procedure, avoid as much as possible destroying the nutritive index in the feed, particularly do not destroy as far as possible the protein in the feed, the composition of vitamin.Way in actual production is when the design feed formula, add excessive nutriment, the nutriment that particularly is easy to processed operation destruction in the processing processing procedure wants excess to add, to ensure that feed is easy to the nutritional need that destroyed nutriment can satisfy SPF rabbit group in the pathogenic microbe killing process, bring into play as far as possible SPF rabbit group's production performance.
The method of special pathogen employing is to adopt the high-pressure water vapor sterilization in the SPF rabbit feed to adopt in the world at present more killing, exactly the good finished feed of production being packaged the specific Polypropylence Sheet of rear usefulness wraps, pack in the high-pressure chamber, passing into water vapour makes it pressure and reaches 4.5 standard atmospheric pressures, temperature reaches more than 120 degrees centigrade, and maintenance mathematical models, sterilization time reached more than 45 minutes, then sampling detects under special circumstances, can use after guaranteeing not contain special pathogen in the feed, the method is time-consuming, effort, the waste resource, but also to need to use steam boiler and a large amount of fire coal of waste.Coal also will produce the pollutants such as the waste gas such as a large amount of carbon dioxide and dust and environment is caused very large pressure and pollution in combustion process, simultaneously, in utilizing the autoclaved process of water vapour, when killing special pathogen, also cause a large amount of losses of nutriment, more trouble is to cause the moist of feed and owing to the increase of moisture causes the shortening of feed storage time, even causes the growth of mould in the feed and the generation of mycotoxin at high temperature season.
Summary of the invention
According to above-mentioned weak point, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of feed for female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, meter comprises following composition by weight: corn flour 190-210 part, maize gluten feed 90-110 part, alfalfa meal 355-375 part, wheat bran 190-210 part, content are methionine 1-2 part, lysine 2-4 part of 98%, and feed is with 10 parts of stone flour 4-6 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 13-15 part, salt 2.5-3.5 part and premixes.
Preferably, meter comprises following composition by weight: 200 parts of corn flour, 100 parts of maize gluten feeds, alfalfa meal 367 parts, 200 parts wheat brans, content are 98% 3 parts of 1.5 parts of methionine, lysines, feed with 10 parts of 5 parts of stone flours, 14 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 parts of salt and premixes.
Preferably, described premix is counted by weight and is comprised following composition: 200 parts of compound vitamins, 200 parts of grandidierite dimensions, 200 parts of 50% Choline Chlorides, 400 parts of fructus hordei germinatus, 180 parts of zeolite powders.
Preferably: described zeolite powder is the 200-400 order.
Be used for the preparation method of the feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind, its operating procedure is:
(1) each raw material is weighed respectively;
(2) raw material after will weighing is mixed and is joined;
(3) raw material is stirred and pack;
(4) raw material after will packing is sterilized.
Preferably, described sterilizing methods is Co
60The radiographic source irradiation sterilization.
Preferably, described irradiation process is sample irradiation during to a half-value dose, continues irradiation behind the turn-over of original place, and radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, and exposure time is 55-65h.
Preferably, described packing method is for adopting nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack.
Preferably, it is the indoor of 40-70% that the feed behind the irradiation is stored in 15-25 ℃, relative humidity, finishes using in three weeks.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, feed formula of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, satisfy greatly the nutritional need in nonpregnant phase in this period of the female rabbit of SPF kind, adopted the body condition of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind compared to female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of the SPF kind that adopts normal diet to feed of forage feed of the present invention to recover good;
2, according to atomic energy Co of the present invention
60Irradiation dose and exposure time kill special pathogen in the feed, few to the content loss of the nutriments such as the multivitamin in the feed and mineral trace element, protein, amino acid, energy.The present invention adopts atomic energy Co
60Feed is carried out irradiation sterilization, and simple to operate, convenient, the feed after the sterilization is stored easily, greatly reduces the cost of the feed of producing female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind, can satisfy the demand of the feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of large-scale production SPF kind.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Be used for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, meter comprises following composition by weight: 190 parts of corn flour, 90 parts of maize gluten feeds, 355 parts of alfalfa meals, 190 parts of wheat brans, content are 98% 1 part of methionine, 2 parts of lysines, and feed is with 10 parts of 4 parts of stone flours, 13 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 2.5 parts of salt and premixes.Wherein, corn flour need to be 3 millimeters sieve by diameter.Premix is counted by weight and is comprised following composition: 200 parts of compound vitamins, 200 parts of grandidierite dimensions, 200 parts of 50% Choline Chlorides, 400 parts of fructus hordei germinatus, 180 parts of 200 order zeolite powders.
Be used for the preparation method of the feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind, its operating procedure is: 1, each raw material is weighed respectively; 2, the raw material after will weighing is mixed and is joined; 3, raw material is stirred and pack; 4, the raw material after will packing is sterilized.
Adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack in the feed after the sterilization, every bag of 40kg, volume are 80cm * 40cm * 20cm.Use Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2.Sample irradiation continues irradiation during to a half-value dose behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 55h.Behind the irradiation feed be stored in 15 ℃, relative humidity be 40% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Embodiment 2
Be used for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, meter comprises following composition by weight: 210 parts of corn flour, 110 parts of maize gluten feeds, 375 parts of alfalfa meals, 210 parts of wheat brans, content are 98% 2 parts of methionine, 4 parts of lysines, and feed is with 10 parts of 6 parts of stone flours, 15 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3.5 parts of salt and premixes.Wherein, corn flour need to be 3 millimeters sieve by diameter.Premix is counted by weight and is comprised following composition: 200 parts of compound vitamins, 200 parts of grandidierite dimensions, 200 parts of 50% Choline Chlorides, 400 parts of fructus hordei germinatus, 180 parts of 200 order zeolite powders.
The preparation method of feed is with embodiment 1.
Adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack in the feed after the sterilization, every bag of 40kg, volume are 80cm * 40cm * 20cm.Use Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2.Sample irradiation continues irradiation during to a half-value dose behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 65h.Behind the irradiation feed be stored in 25 ℃, relative humidity be 70% indoor, finish using in three weeks.
Embodiment 3
Be used for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, meter comprises following composition by weight: 205 parts of corn flour, 105 parts of maize gluten feeds, 360 parts of alfalfa meals, 205 parts of wheat brans, content are 98% 1.5 parts of methionine, 3 parts of lysines, and feed is with 10 parts of 5 parts of stone flours, 14 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 parts of salt and premixes.Wherein, corn flour need to be 3 millimeters sieve by diameter.Premix is counted by weight and is comprised following composition: 200 parts of compound vitamins, 200 parts of grandidierite dimensions, 200 parts of 50% Choline Chlorides, 400 parts of fructus hordei germinatus, 180 parts of 300 order zeolite powders.
Be used for the preparation method of the feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind, its operating procedure is: 1, each raw material is weighed respectively; 2, the raw material after will weighing is mixed and is joined; 3, raw material is stirred and pack; 4, the raw material after will packing is sterilized.
Adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack in the feed after the sterilization, every bag of 40kg, volume are 80cm * 40cm * 20cm.Use Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2.Sample irradiation continues irradiation during to a half-value dose behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 59h.To be stored in 23 ℃, relative humidity be to finish using in 60%, three week to feed behind the irradiation.
Embodiment 4
Be used for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, meter comprises following composition by weight: 200 parts of corn flour, 100 parts of maize gluten feeds, 367 parts of alfalfa meals, 200 parts of wheat brans, content are 98% 1.5 parts of methionine, 3 parts of lysines, and feed is with 10 parts of 5 parts of stone flours, 15 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 parts of salt and premixes.Wherein, corn flour need to be 3 millimeters sieve by diameter.Premix is counted by weight and is comprised following composition: 200 parts of compound vitamins, 200 parts of grandidierite dimensions, 200 parts of 50% Choline Chlorides, 400 parts of fructus hordei germinatus, 180 parts of 200 order zeolite powders.
Be used for the preparation method of the feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind, its operating procedure is: 1, each raw material is weighed respectively; 2, the raw material after will weighing is mixed and is joined; 3, raw material is stirred and pack; 4, the raw material after will packing is sterilized.
Adopt nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack in the feed after the sterilization, every bag of 40kg, volume are 80cm * 40cm * 20cm.Use Co
60Radiographic source irradiation sterilization, irradiation field calibrated error are less than ± 5%, and absorption of sample dosage unevenness is less than 1.2.Sample irradiation continues irradiation during to a half-value dose behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, exposure time 60h.To be stored in 20 ℃, relative humidity be in 55% to feed behind the irradiation, finishes using in three weeks.
Feed formula and the nutritive index of embodiment 4 are as shown in table 1:
The female nonpregnant phase feed formula of rabbit of table 1SPF kind and nutritive index
By the more conventional high-pressure sterilizing method of test and Co
60The effect of radiographic source irradiation sterilization method.
Test example 1
Prepare a collection of feed according to embodiment 4 described prescriptions and preparation method, be divided into 10 groups, 10 every group, randomly drawed 3 detections, Co
60Week about 10 groups of feeds are carried out respectively the detection of specific pathogen bacterium behind the radiographic source irradiation sterilization, testing result is as shown in table 2:
Table 2Co
60Irradiation sterilization experimental design prescription specific pathogen recall rate
As can be seen from Table 2, adopt the feed after method of the present invention is sterilized, in the 3rd week after sterilization, still do not detect any specific pathogen bacterium, illustrate that sterilizing methods sterilization of the present invention is thorough, effective, guaranteed the edible safety of the feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind.
Test example 2
In order to contrast the situation of change of each nutritional labeling behind the feed predose, the content of nutritional labeling in the feed behind the predose is measured, the result is as shown in table 3:
The nutritive index table of comparisons behind the table 3 feed predose
As shown in Table 3, mineral trace element content remains unchanged behind the predose, though vitamin substances content has reduction, but reduce seldom, can illustrate, the mode of irradiation sterilization for the loss of the nutrition content before and after the feed sterilization seldom need not to guarantee by the feeding volume of the material that has additional nutrients the nutritional need of the female rabbit of nonpregnant phase SPF kind, has saved the feed consumption.
Test example 3
Employing embodiment 4 described prescriptions and preparation method have prepared a collection of feed and have fed the female rabbit of nonpregnant phase SPF kind, and its survival rate is added up, and the result is as shown in table 4:
Table 4Co
60The survival rate statistical form of the female rabbit of the nonpregnant phase SPF of irradiation sterilization forage feed kind
As shown in Table 4, feed adopts Co
60Irradiation sterilization is fed the female rabbit of nonpregnant phase SPF kind, and its survival rate is very high, and average survival is 98%.
Test example 4
With autoclaving feed and Co
60The irradiation sterilization feed is fed respectively the female rabbit of nonpregnant phase SPF kind.Be used for autoclaved feed formula with the prescription of embodiment 4.High-pressure sterilizing method is producing good finished feed packing, wrapping with specific Polypropylence Sheet, in the high-pressure chamber of packing into, passing into water vapour makes it pressure and reaches 4.5 standard atmospheric pressures, temperature reaches more than 120 ℃, and keeps mathematical models, and sterilization time guarantees more than 45 minutes.
Adopt autoclaved feed and Co of the present invention
60The irradiation sterilization feed is raised respectively the female rabbit of nonpregnant phase SPF kind, and 3000 every group, measured SPF kind feed conversion rate and the conception rate of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit after feeding 1 month, its index is as shown in table 5:
Table 5 adopts autoclaving feed and Co
60Female its feed conversion rate of rabbit of the nonpregnant phase SPF of irradiation sterilization forage feed kind and conception rate contrast table
Wherein, every of accumulative total enters to give up reserve rabbit gain in weight=full group's gain in weight/enter reserve rabbit number of house
As shown in Table 5, adopt Co
60The female rabbit of the nonpregnant phase SPF of irradiation sterilization forage feed kind, its average weight, average survival and conception rate all are higher than adopts the female rabbit of the nonpregnant phase SPF of autoclaving forage feed kind.
Test example 5
The female rabbit of the nonpregnant phase SPF of the forage feed kind that adopts the embodiment of the invention 4 to prepare parallelly carries out 10 groups, carries out the detection of 21 kinds of special pathogens, and testing result is as shown in table 6:
The female 21 kinds of specified microorganisms of rabbit of the nonpregnant phase SPF of table 6 kind and parasite testing result
Claims (9)
1. one kind is used for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, it is characterized in that, meter comprises following composition by weight: corn flour 190-210 part, maize gluten feed 90-110 part, alfalfa meal 355-375 part, wheat bran 190-210 part, content are methionine 1-2 part, lysine 2-4 part of 98%, and feed is with 10 parts of stone flour 4-6 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 13-15 part, salt 2.5-3.5 part and premixes.
According to claimed in claim 1 for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, it is characterized in that meter comprises following composition by weight: 200 parts of corn flour, 100 parts of maize gluten feeds, alfalfa meal 367 parts, 200 parts wheat brans, content are 98% 3 parts of 1.5 parts of methionine, lysines, feed with 10 parts of 5 parts of stone flours, 15 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 parts of salt and premixes.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, it is characterized in that described premix is counted by weight and comprised following composition: 200 parts of compound vitamins, 200 parts of grandidierite dimensions, 200 parts of 50% Choline Chlorides, 400 parts of fructus hordei germinatus, 180 parts of zeolite powders.
According to claimed in claim 1 for the SPF kind feed of female nonpregnant phase of rabbit, it is characterized in that described zeolite powder is the 200-400 order.
5. according to the preparation method of the feed for female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that its operating procedure is:
(1) each raw material is weighed respectively;
(2) raw material after will weighing is mixed and is joined;
(3) raw material is stirred and pack;
(4) raw material after will packing is sterilized.
6. according to the preparation method of the feed for female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described sterilizing methods is Co
60The radiographic source irradiation sterilization.
7. according to the preparation method of the feed for female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that described irradiation process is sample irradiation during to a half-value dose, continues irradiation behind the turn-over of original place, radiation dose rate is 25Gy/min, and exposure time is 55-65h.
8. according to the preparation method of the feed for female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described packing method is for adopting nylon-polyethylene compound package material to pack.
9. according to the preparation method of the feed for female nonpregnant phase of rabbit of SPF kind claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that it is the indoor of 40-70% that the feed behind the irradiation is stored in 15-25 ℃, relative humidity, finishes using in three weeks.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104082622A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏绿茵生物科技有限公司 | Special feed formulas for pregnant rabbit |
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Application publication date: 20130327 |