CN102405820A - Fertility preserving method of sandlot - Google Patents
Fertility preserving method of sandlot Download PDFInfo
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- CN102405820A CN102405820A CN2011102318655A CN201110231865A CN102405820A CN 102405820 A CN102405820 A CN 102405820A CN 2011102318655 A CN2011102318655 A CN 2011102318655A CN 201110231865 A CN201110231865 A CN 201110231865A CN 102405820 A CN102405820 A CN 102405820A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertility preserving method of a sandlot, which comprises the following steps that: the sandlot is prepared and leveled; Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratified rock is pulverized; the pulverized Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratified rock is paved on the surface of the sandlot; the Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratified rock is adequately mixed with sand through a mechanical rotary cultivation way to obtain a composite layer of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratified rock and the sand which is 30cm thick, and the volume ratio of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratified rock and the sand in the composite layer with the thickness of 30cm is 1: (1 to 5). The Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratified rock is mixed into the sandlot after being pulverized, so the physical property and the chemical property of the sandlot after being modified are equivalent to the properties of soil, and the sandlot after being modified has good fertility preserving property, so the yield of crops planted in the sandlot after being modified can reach the yield of the crops which are planted in ordinary fields.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sand ground and administer the field, be specifically related to a kind of guarantor's fertilizer method of sand ground.
Background technology
For farming, sand ground is a kind of difficult resource of utilizing, and in view of the popularity of sand ground distribution and the demand of human survival, the mankind have carried out research and utilization from all angles to the characteristic of sand, make it to adapt to the demand of agricultural planting.Specific to the application of sand in farming, its maximum problem is how sand ground to be improved, so that its physicochemical characteristics can satisfy the agricultural production demand.At present, people have obtained certain achievement in sand ground improvement field.But improved sand ground is because water and fertilizer condition is poor, and productivity of land is low, is difficult to sustainable use, still has many insoluble problems.
Hole is big between sand grains, and seepage property is strong, and the fine pore is few, and a little less than the capillarity, quality is loose, and water conservation, nutrient preserving capability are poor, a little less than the water-holding capacity, in case the moisture supply reduces, evaporation increases, and is prone to the globality lack of water; Organic matter decomposition is fast, accumulative fewer in the sand ground simultaneously, causes nutrient preserving capability poor, and nutrient is relatively poorer.The survival rate of sand ground plantation nursery stock is low, and therefore, the fertile problem of the guarantor of sand ground has become the problem demanding prompt solution that present sand ground is administered the field.
Summary of the invention
The migration of fertilizer in the soil (solute) is closely related with soil moisture, in addition, the inherent fertility characteristics of soil texture reflection soil, its type decided soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, feeder capability and soil tilth etc., has directly determined the output of crops.And the sandy soil quality under different sedimentary rocks and the husky mixed proportion has tangible transition, so the applicant studies sand ground from the angle of the water conservation and the soil texture and protects fertile method.
To defective that exists in the prior art or deficiency, the objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of sand ground to protect fertile method, this method adds sand ground with sedimentary rock as raw material, makes the quality of sand ground become the good earth property soil of similar nutrient preserving capability.The present invention suits measures to local conditions, and engineering cost is low, and is few to the ecotope disturbance, for the utilization of sedimentary rock, particularly sand ground are suited measures to local conditions, turn bane into boon, changed harmful to treasure and opened up a new way.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of guarantor's fertilizer method of sand ground is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Sand ground is put in order smooth; With Gu, sedimentary rock pulverizing in Mesozoic Era; With the Gu after pulverizing, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be tiled in sandy land surface; Mode through mechanical rotary tillage with Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky fully mix, obtain the thick Gu of 30cm, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky composite bed, in the thick composite bed of this 30cm, ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky volume ratio were 1: (1～5).
Preferably, particle diameter was 2cm～4cm after said Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was pulverized.
Preferably, particle diameter was 3cm～4cm after said Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was pulverized.
Preferably, said Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was 1 with husky volume ratio: (1～3).
The present invention has following advantage:
1, protect fertile raw material and be simple and easy to, and in liberal supply, economical and practical.
2, method is simple, and easy operating directly carries out raw material and mixes on sand ground, greatly reduce engineering cost, has improved economic and practical.
3, protect fertile raw material and adopt sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era, solved a series of environmental problems such as Gu, sedimentary rock water and soil loss in Mesozoic Era, the while also realized turning bane into boon, recycling.
Guarantor's fertilizer method of sand ground of the present invention after the sedimentary rock pulverizing is blended in Gu, Mesozoic Era in the sand ground; Make that the characteristic of physicochemical characteristics and soil of sand ground is suitable; Improved sand ground has good preserve moisture and fertility property, makes the output " sand ground " plantation crops can reach the yield level of the identical crops of plantation on general soil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the water holding design sketch of the mixed soil of pure sand and different mixing proportion in the water holding test.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further and to explain.
Embodiment
Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was meant the alternating layers that the Permian Period in the Paleozoic Era, Triassic period in Mesozoic Era, Jurassic Period and cretaceous thick-layer sandstone, sand shale and mud stone are formed.Gu among the present invention, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock picked up from big discipline sweat village, Yuyang District indiction sweat township, Yulin city, Meng Jiawan village, Yulin city Yuyang District Meng Jiawan township, the military loess hills in Dingbian County, Yulin city township, the Yulin city Tai Hezhai of Shenmu County township, Ordos City, Inner Mongol Ejin Horo Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongol Jungar Banner and Shuozhou City Shenchi County, Shanxi.The applicant is through related assays, the Gu of above-mentioned each sampled point, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock sense organ, quality and physico chemical property and meet water after characteristic basic identical.
Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock had the soft characteristics of the yew of chance, its poor permeability, and hardening property is strong; And the characteristics of sand are loose, can not form the granular structure of soil, cause moisture to run off easily, and it is Lou fertile as the bedding of plant growing the time, to leak; Single Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock or husky growth that all is not suitable for crops.In recent years the applicant to ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock administer sand ground as raw material and carried out the research that continues, and obtained certain achievement.
From the proportion of crop planting angle, ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky had complementary physical characteristic, and the present invention just is being based on this and on the bases of a large amount of experiments, is developing a kind of sand ground and protect fertile method, comprises the steps: sand ground is put in order smooth; With ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be ground into the particle that particle diameter is 2cm～4cm; With the Gu after pulverizing, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be tiled in sandy land surface; Mode through mechanical rotary tillage with Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky fully mix, obtain the thick Gu of 30cm, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky composite bed, in the thick composite bed of this 30cm, ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky volume ratio were 1: (1～5).
The factor that influences the soil fertilizer performance mainly contains two: the soil texture and moisture capacity.Therefore, the applicant studies the fertilizer-preserving ability of sand ground from the quality of improving sand ground and water retention capacity two aspects that improve sand ground.In specifically having studied, its water holding effect was better when the particle diameter of Paleozoic Era sedimentary rock was much, and ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky mixed proportion how many times can make the quality of common sand ground become the higher sandy soil ground of fertilizer-preserving ability for.Below be the applicant provide optimize comparative trial about the relevant parameter in the technique scheme, so that technical scheme of the present invention is done theoretical, effect support explanation.Gu in this test, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock picked up from big discipline sweat village, Yuyang District indiction sweat township, Yulin city.
(1) ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock size optimization Test
1, sample preparation
First group of sample: this group is the sample of the exposed different-grain diameter of sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era; Specifically be in four ceramic vessel (high 25cm, diameter 20cm), to be respectively charged into the thick sand of 10cm; Four Gus, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock of in each ceramic vessel, all packing into then, the Gu in the same ceramic vessel, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was respectively: 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm;
Second group of sample: this group is the sample of the different-grain diameter that sedimentary rock is covered by sand in ancient, Mesozoic Era; Specifically be in four ceramic vessel, to be respectively charged into the thick sand of 10cm; Four Gus, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock of in each ceramic vessel, all packing into then; Gu in the same ceramic vessel, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was respectively: 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, then the Gu in each ceramic vessel, Mesozoic Era cover the thick sand of 10cm on the sedimentary rock respectively.
2, test method
(1) pours water
In the ceramic vessel of 8 samples, irritate simultaneously the water of equivalent,, on sample, cover filter paper when pouring water for avoiding water droplet to ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky structure and the destruction of laying structure thereof; Make water can be slowly soak into sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era uniformly; Ancient for guaranteeing simultaneously, sedimentary rock suction in Mesozoic Era fully, the branch of pouring water carries out for 3 times, preceding twice each ceramic vessel 1500ml that pours water; The 500ml that pours water for the last time, 30min at interval pours water at every turn.
(2) sampling
The back open fire face of pouring water for the last time in each ceramic vessel disappears and picks up counting, respectively in each ceramic vessel, getting Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock behind 2h and the 30h, and to getting Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock water content measure.
(3) result of the test
The different sample of table 1 middle ancient times, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock water content
Can know by result shown in the table 1:
For first group of sample: according to the size of specimen in use volume in field trial experience and this test, ooze basically under the gravitational water in ancient behind the 2h, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and stop, water content at this moment can be regarded as field capacity, can weigh the moisture holding capacity of sample.Because ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock had the physical arrangement instability; Chance water promptly looses, structural collapse; The characteristics that can cause that its hole situation changes, physical property and hydraulic characteristic change all; Behind the 2h, can know from the visual texture of sample that particle diameter is that exposed Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock of 2cm and 3cm disperses through three back structures of pouring water fully; Sedimentary rock was met the water rear section and was disperseed the exposed Gu of particle diameter 4cm, Mesozoic Era, still can keep the physical characteristic of sedimentary rock self in ancient, Mesozoic Era, and its water content was higher than the water content that particle diameter is 2cm and 3cm sample; Degree of scatter was lower after the exposed Gu of particle diameter 5cm, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was met water, but because of sedimentary rock water guide poor performance in ancient, Mesozoic Era, caused suction slowly, was difficult to saturatedly in the short time, so moisture content is minimum, was merely 26.41%.And then explanation is ancient, have moisture holding capacity preferably Mesozoic Era when the sedimentary rock particle diameter is less than 4cm.Behind the 30h, particle diameter 2cm is ancient, Mesozoic Era the sedimentary rock water content minimum, drop to 3.51%, along with its water retention property of increase of particle diameter strengthens, when ancient, when Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was greater than 3cm, its water retention property is comparatively desirable.
For second group of sample: in ancient, sedimentary rock suction in Mesozoic Era saturation history, the husky Gu that covers, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was more little, and water content is big more, and the reduction of the water content in the identical time interval is also big more.At the covering of sand and parcel down, because husky seepage speed is fast, the time that water stops in sand is short, and ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock can't reach capacity, and structure is dispersion also.The highest behind the sillar moisture content 2h of particle diameter 2cm; Be 23.12%, along with the increase of particle diameter, water content drops to 20.55%; Explain particle diameter excessive be difficult for saturated; And then be unfavorable for water holding, explain under the husky situation about covering that ancient, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter also was to have moisture holding capacity preferably during less than 4cm.Behind the 30h, particle diameter 2cm is ancient, Mesozoic Era the sedimentary rock water content minimum, drop to 5.88%, and particle diameter greater than the Gu of 2cm, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock moisture content suitable, between 20.30%～20.33%.It is thus clear that, under the covering of sand, ancient, Mesozoic Era the sedimentary rock particle diameter greater than 2cm, water retention is extremely remarkable.
In sand ground regulation process, ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with husky the mixing after, part is exposed, part is wrapped up in by sand hill and protected, promptly the function of part sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era tends to absorb moisture, partly Gu, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock function tended to store moisture.Comprehensive two states analysis simultaneously from practical standpoint, deposits sillar Gu, the Mesozoic Era of in sand, mixing particle diameter and be 2cm～4cm and is comparatively reasonably particle size range, the preferred wherein particle size range of 3cm～4cm.
Used Gu in the following process of the test, Mesozoic Era, the particle diameter of sedimentary rock was 2cm～4cm.
(2) physicochemical property test
This test is to be foundation with the correlation theory index so that the physical characteristic of the physical characteristic of sandy soil and soil near and the optimization Test done.
1, prepares sample
With ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be 1: 6,1: 5,1: 3,1: 2,1: 1,1: 0.5,1: 0.2 configuration test specimen with husky volume ratio, and fully mix it subsequent use.
2, test method
Adopt pipette method to measure mechanical composition; Adopt the cylinder impregnating method to measure capillary porosity; Adopt constant head method to measure saturated hydraulic conductivity; It is organic to adopt volumetric analysis to measure, and adopts the total porosity of unit weight calculation sample.
3, result of the test
The soil texture and the physical property of table 2 different ratios of raw materials sandy soil
Soil with good preserve moisture and fertility ability could satisfy the plant growth demand, and for sand ground, quality, water, fertilizer are main limiting factors.The soil texture and soil physical and chemical property are closely related; For this reason through measuring mechanical composition; To obtain arable quality, choose saturated hydraulic conductivity and capillary porosity simultaneously as water holding water retention capacity index, sedimentary rock and husky proportioning are optimized as fertility index with organic matter.
According to result shown in the table 2; Mechanical composition and soil texture index according to sedimentary rock and husky mixture can be found out; Along with the increase of the Gu in the sand, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock addition, the grains of sand content in sedimentary rock and the husky mixture constantly reduces, and silt content constantly increases; Clay content ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock tend towards stability after being 1: 1 with husky mass ratio, the soil texture becomes loam, silty loam by sand, sandy loam gradually.Be to adapt to the growth of various crop, the purpose that combines sand ground to administer is considered can prepare sandy loam or loam under the husky susceptible condition in husky base simultaneously, be about to ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and the proportioning of sand for being controlled between 1: 1～1: 5.
As the content of organic matter of fertility index, along with ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with the increase of husky mixed proportion, organic matter brings up to 0.106% from 0.053%.The organic various nutrients that can provide crop to need; Strengthen the preserve moisture and fertility ability and the resiliency of soil; Promote granular structure to form, improve soil physical property; Promote the physiologically active of microorganism and plant etc.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil is a soil during by water saturation, under the unit water potential gradient, and the water yield through unit are in the unit interval; It is an important parameter of research moisture, solute transfer, supposition soil unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, the flux that calculates soil profile water and design irrigation and drainage system engineering; For certain soil, its saturated hydraulic conductivity is a constant, reflection soil go into to blend seepage character; Saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil is too high, and the moisture seepage of the soil body is serious; On the contrary, saturated hydraulic conductivity is low excessively, can influence infiltrating of soil moisture.Saturated hydraulic conductivity and capillary porosity have determined air capacity of soils, permeability and water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil.Find out that from table 2 along with increase ancient, the addition of sedimentary rock in Mesozoic Era in sand, sedimentary rock is reduced to 0.07mm/min with the hydraulic conductivity of the husky soil that mixes from 7.10mm/min, and the speed that reduces is slack-off by soon.The saturated hydraulic conductivity of sedimentary rock and husky mixture reduces gradually, explains that the permeability of sedimentary rock and husky mixture reduces gradually, and after 1: 1 proportioning, variation tends towards stability.As everyone knows, saturated hydraulic conductivity belongs to height greater than 2mm/min and oozes soil, is lower than 0.2mm/min and belongs to hypotonic soil.Therefore, consider from the angle of soil moisture seepage that sedimentary rock is with the volume ratio scope that sand mixes at 1: 5～1: 1 o'clock, this mixed soil does not have the moisture seepage or is unfavorable for that moisture infiltrates phenomenon.
Soil permeability is too high; Moisture runs off easily; And permeability is low excessively, and is also unfavorable with the growing of crop, general dryland soil ventilating slit (ventilating slit=total porosity-capillary porosity; The total porosity of all test specimens is 47.2%) ratio can not be lower than 10%, and calculate the proportioning upper limit in view of the above and be about 1: 1.The capillary pore has determined the preserve moisture and fertility ability of soil, and along with the increase of the middle ancient times, sedimentary rock in Mesozoic Era addition in sand, the capillary porosity of sedimentary rock and husky mixture has brought up to 44.94% from 26.33%, explains that its preserve moisture and fertility ability increases gradually.On the other hand, capillary porosity should reach 50%～60% of total porosity (total porosity of all test specimens is 47.2%) in the good soil structure, calculates the proportioning lower limit thus and is about 1: 5.
(3) water holding test
With the particle diameter after pulverizing is that Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock of 2-4cm mixes by following volume ratio with sand: 1: 5,1: 2,1: 1.5,1: 1; Dig the sample prescription of 4 2m * 2m size on ground; Dark 0.7m; The 40cm of lower floor of each sample prescription loads with husky, and top layer 30cm loads sedimentary rock and husky mixture respectively.In each sample prescription, pour water, disappear, reach capacity making it until sample prescription surface open fire.Respectively at back 6h, 18h, 30h, 42h, 54h, 102h, 294h, 318h, 342h, 390h, 438h, 510h, 606h, 678h, 798h, 894h, 990h, the 1110h of pouring water, the water content of gathering the different mixing proportion sample.Obtain the change of soil water content that different proportion sedimentary rock and husky mixture prolong in time.Simultaneously, dig sample prescription by same standard and pack pure husky 70cm into, measure the change of soil water content trend that its pure sand in saturated back of pouring water prolongs in time as contrast.
As can beappreciated from fig. 1, the back 6h that pours water, the water content of pure sand is 15.90%, prolongs water content in time and constantly reduces.Water content is reduced to 0.49% when 390h, and then soil moisture content tends towards stability.When moisture loss was merely evaporation, the husky water conservation time was no longer than 390h.Sedimentary rock and the husky back 390h that mixes, sedimentary rock was respectively 1: 5,1: 1.5,1: 2,1: 1 o'clock with husky mixed proportion, and water content is respectively 9.53%, 15.69%, 22.16%, 19.12%, and its moisture content all is far longer than husky water content.The water retention capacity of soil raising behind the mixed deposit rock in the sand is described.1: 5,1: 1.5,1: 2,1: 1 four kinds of mixed proportions total losses amount of soil moisture in 1110h is respectively 13.97%; 12.93%, 8.08%, 13.08%; All less than the moisture loss amount 15.50% of sand; Show that sedimentary rock mixes with sand in varing proportions, the moisture capacity of soil all strengthens, and water evaporates loss speed reduces.Wherein, sedimentary rock was respectively 1: 1.5,1: 2,1: 1 o'clock with husky mixed proportion, and its water binding capacity is more stable, and effect is better.Therefore, sneak in sand that moisture content improves behind the sedimentary rock, the soil water-retaining time lengthening, husky water retention capacity is significantly improved.
To sum up, through overtesting and analysis, selecting ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock is 1: 1～1: 5 with husky proportioning.
Analysis explanation through above-mentioned each test adds after the sedimentary rock in sand, has improved the sandy soil quality, has improved its moisture holding capacity, and then can improve fertilizer-preserving ability.
On the basis of above-mentioned quality, materialization test, carry out following proportion of crop planting test, support explanation with technique effect to improved sand.
(4) proportion of crop planting optimization Test
1, the optimization Test of plantation potato in the sand ground of different ratios of raw materials
(1) test region design
According to the requirement of potato to growing environment, five sub-districts are laid in the experiment base, and each sub-district area is 2m * 2m.In the test region one is loess, and thickness is 70cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region two is 70cm, wherein, the upper strata is that sandy soil are ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be 1: 1 with husky volume ratio, its thickness is 30cm, bottom be a sand, its thickness is 40cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region three is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was that 1: 1.5, thickness are 30cm with husky volume ratio, and bottom is 40cm for husky its thickness; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region four is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was that 1: 3, thickness are 30cm with husky volume ratio, and bottom is 40cm for husky its thickness; Be husky in the test region five.
(2) plantation
Potato seed method for planting by routine is planted potato in the test region that is being designed.It is identical that plantation in each test region and later stage are managed and protected method.The yield of potato of each test region is seen table 3.
Table 3 potato yield
Can be known by result shown in the table 3: the potato yield of full sand ground is minimum, has only 242kg/ mu.Though the potato yield of loess has reached 517kg/ mu, but be lower than Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with the output of husky each test region that mixes.Its middle ancient times, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky mixed proportion were that the potato yield of 1: 1.5 and 1: 3 has reached 650kg/ mu and 783kg/ mu respectively; Show after the The above results contrast that it is to plant on 1: 1.5～1: 3 the sandy soil with husky volume proportion that potato is adapted at Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock; Particularly ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock higher with output on husky 1: 3 the sand ground; Near loessland potato yield level, prove in sandy soil and to mix that the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil is improved behind the sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era.
2, the optimization Test of plantation wheat in the sandy soil of different ratios of raw materials
(1) test region design
According to the requirement of wheat to growing environment, five sub-districts are laid in the experiment base, and each sub-district area is 2m * 2m.In the test region one is loess, and thickness is 70cm; Laying layer gross thickness in the test region two is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is loess and husky mixed layer, and loess is 1: 2 with husky volume ratio, and its thickness is 30cm, and bottom is husky, and its thickness is 40cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region three is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was that 1: 1, thickness are 30cm with husky volume ratio, and bottom be a sand, and its thickness is 40cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region four is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was that 1: 1.7, thickness are 30cm with husky volume ratio, and bottom be a sand, and its thickness is 40cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region five is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was 1: 3 with husky volume ratio, and its thickness is 30cm, and bottom be a sand, and its thickness is 40cm.
(2) plantation
Wheat planting method by routine is planted wheat in the test region that is being designed.Kind method for planting and later stage in each test region are managed and protected identical.The wheat yield of each test region is seen table 4.
Table 4 wheat yield
Can be known by result shown in the table 4: wheat is at 1 (loess): the output on 2 (sand) is minimum, and 374kg/ mu is only arranged.Loess with ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be that wheat yield on 1: 1 the sandy soil is suitable with husky volume ratio, reached 491 and 402kg/ mu respectively.Ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with husky 1: 1.7 sandy soil on; Wheat yield has reached 462kg/ mu; Show after the The above results contrast that it is to plant on 1: 1.7 the sandy soil with husky volume proportion that wheat is adapted at Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock; Near loessland wheat yield level, prove in sandy soil and to mix that the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil is improved behind the sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era.
3, the optimization Test of planting soybean in the sandy soil of different ratios of raw materials.
(1) test region design
According to the requirement of soybean to growing environment, four sub-districts are laid in the experiment base, and each sub-district area is 2m * 2m.In the test region one is loess, and thickness is 70cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region two is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock with husky volume ratio was: 1: 1, thickness are 30cm, and bottom is 40cm for husky its thickness; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region three is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock with husky volume ratio was: 1: 1.5, thickness are 30cm, and bottom is 40cm for husky its thickness; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region four is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock with husky volume ratio was: 1: 3, thickness are 30cm, and bottom is 40cm for husky its thickness.
(2) plantation
The test region planting soybean that is being designed by the soybean planting method of routine.Kind method for planting and later stage in each test region are managed and protected identical.The output of the crop of each test region is seen table 5.
Table 5 soybean yields
Can be known by result shown in the table 5: the output of soybean on loess has reached 333kg/ mu, ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be that the soybean yields of the sandy soil of 1: 1,1: 1.5 and 1: 3 has reached 192,262 and 265kg/ mu respectively with husky volume ratio.Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was that soybean yields on the sandy soil of 1: 1.5 and 1: 3 is suitable with husky volume ratio; Show after the The above results contrast that it is to plant on 1: 1.5～1: 3 the sandy soil with husky volume proportion that soybean is adapted at Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock; Near loessland soybean yields level, prove in sandy soil and to mix that the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil is improved behind the sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era.
4, the optimization Test of maize planting in the sandy soil of different ratios of raw materials
(1) test region design
According to the requirement of corn to growing environment, lay five sub-districts in the experiment base, each sub-district area is 2m * 2m.In the test region one is loess, and thickness is 70cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region two is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is loess and husky mixed layer, and loess is 1: 2 with husky volume ratio, and its thickness is 30cm, and bottom is a sand, and its thickness is 40cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region three is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and its Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was 1: 1 with husky volume ratio, and its thickness is 30cm, and bottom be a sand, and its thickness is 40cm; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region four is 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is sandy soil, and ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was that 1: 1.5, thickness are 30cm with husky volume ratio, and bottom is 40cm for husky its thickness; Laying a layer gross thickness in the test region five is 70cm, wherein, the upper strata be sandy soil middle ancient times, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be 1: 3 with husky volume ratio, its thickness is 30cm, bottom is 40cm for husky its thickness.
(2) plantation
The test region maize planting that is being designed by the corn planting method of routine.Kind method for planting and later stage in each test region are managed and protected identical.The maize yield of each test region is seen table 6.
Table 6 corn yield
Can be known by result shown in the table 6: corn is at 1 (loess): the output on 2 (sand) is minimum, has only 383kg/ mu.Loess with ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock suitable with corn yield on husky 1: 1 the sandy soil, be respectively 512 with 500kg/ mu.Ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with husky 1: 1.5 sandy soil on; Corn yield has reached 574kg/ mu; Show after the The above results contrast that corn is adapted at planting on the sandy soil of this mixed proportion; Near loessland corn yield level, prove in sandy soil and to mix that the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil is improved behind the sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era.
Below be the embodiment that the applicant provides, so that technical scheme of the present invention is done further explain.
(5) plantation embodiment
Choose 6 plots of sand grounds that are of a size of 5m * 12m size at Mu Us Shadi, sand ground is put in order smooth; With Gu, sedimentary rock pulverizing in Mesozoic Era; Respectively the Gu after tiling is pulverized on 6 plots of smooth good sand grounds, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock; 6 sand ground middle ancient times, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock thickness was respectively 15cm, 15cm, 12cm, 12cm, 7.5cm, 7.5cm; Mode through mechanical rotary tillage with Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky fully mix; The gross thickness of rotary tillage is 30cm; Obtain respectively the upper strata for ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with the sandy soil ground of husky composite bed; The composite bed middle ancient times on 6 sandy soil ground, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was respectively 1: 1,1: 1,1: 1.5,1: 1.5,1: 3,1: 3 sandy soil ground with husky volume ratio, and 6 sand ground middle ancient times, Mesozoic Era, the particle diameter of sedimentary rock was respectively 2cm-4cm, 3cm-4cm, 2cm-4cm, 3cm-4cm, 2cm-4cm, 3cm-4cm.On every sand ground layer, press conventional means plantation wheat, simultaneously, by the sand ground of same size; Use the same method and sneak into the loess transformation as a check experiment; Loess: husky volume ratio is 1: 2, and the loess in the test picks up from the Suide County, Yulin, and the plantation scheme is following:
The kind plant scheme of table 7 embodiment
Output such as table 8 after each embodiment plantation:
The crop yield of table 8 embodiment
Can find out that from table 8 output of improved sand ground plantation wheat is all greater than the output of loess and husky composite soil.
The measurement result of the content of organic matter is as shown in table 9:
Table 930cm topsoil soils is planted the content of organic matter (%) behind two harvest wheats
Find out from table 9, in the process of plantation two harvest wheats, through the improved sand ground content of organic matter of sedimentary rock in continuous rising, and greater than the content of organic matter of concurrent control group.To sum up, the present invention has improved the quality of sand ground through in sand ground, adding sedimentary rock, has improved the water retention property of sand ground, and then has reached the purpose that improves sand ground guarantor fertilizer.From suppressing the liquid manure loss and improving the fertilizer-preserving ability that the soil texture two aspects improve sand ground, to have realized suiting measures to local conditions, turning bane into boon, improved sand ground has preserve moisture and fertility performance preferably; The soil texture can be by sand-sandy loam-loam-powder earth improvement; Solved the sand ground Lou fertile problem of leaking, realized gathering materials on the spot, utilized on the spot; Suit measures to local conditions, change harmful to treasure.
Claims (4)
1. guarantor's fertilizer method of a sand ground is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Sand ground is put in order smooth; With Gu, sedimentary rock pulverizing in Mesozoic Era; With the Gu after pulverizing, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be tiled in sandy land surface;
Mode through mechanical rotary tillage with Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky fully mix, obtain the thick Gu of 30cm, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky composite bed, in the thick composite bed of this 30cm, ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky volume ratio were 1: (1～5).
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, particle diameter was 2cm～4cm after said Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was pulverized.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the particle diameter after said Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was pulverized is 3cm～4cm.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was 1 with husky volume ratio: (1～3).
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| CN107439078A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-12-08 | 陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司 | A kind of sand ground soil body reconstructing method |
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| CN101390468A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-03-25 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of red-layer sandstone slope wounded surface artificial soil |
| CN101755513A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-06-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method and application for improving aeolian sandy soil by using peat |
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| CN101390468A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-03-25 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of red-layer sandstone slope wounded surface artificial soil |
| CN101755513A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-06-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method and application for improving aeolian sandy soil by using peat |
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| CN107439078A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-12-08 | 陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司 | A kind of sand ground soil body reconstructing method |
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