CN102401608A - Energy management and intelligent control-based solar cooling tower - Google Patents
Energy management and intelligent control-based solar cooling tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN102401608A CN102401608A CN2011103903302A CN201110390330A CN102401608A CN 102401608 A CN102401608 A CN 102401608A CN 2011103903302 A CN2011103903302 A CN 2011103903302A CN 201110390330 A CN201110390330 A CN 201110390330A CN 102401608 A CN102401608 A CN 102401608A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy management and intelligent control-based solar cooling tower, which comprises a solar battery, a first motor, a water pump, a second motor and speed reducer, a fan, a hybrid converter connected with the output end of the solar battery, an intelligent controller, and a sensor group; the output end of the hybrid converter is connected with the input ends of the first motor and the second motor and speed reducer; the signal output end of the sensor group is connected with the signal input end of the intelligent controller; the output end of the intelligent controller is connected with the signal input end of the hybrid converter; and the signal output end of the hybrid converter is connected with the signal input end of the intelligent controller. In the control process, the intelligent controller reasonably distributes the flowing direction of the electric energy through the hybrid converter by an energy management method, and performs intelligent speed regulating control on the first motor and the second motor and speed reducer by a water inlet temperature negative feedback method and a minimum enthalpy difference control method, and an energy-saving effect is achieved on the premise of ensuring operating reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cooling tower, be specifically related to a kind of solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control.
Background technology
Cooling tower is to use very general water resource recycle equipment, and its major function is that cooling water that contains used heat and air are carried out heat exchange in tower, makes water temperature reduce to the temperature of requirement, so that circulate once more.At present; The water pump that supplies water for cooling tower and the blower fan of cooling tower are by motor driven, and its automatic control level is lower, and the duty of cooling tower is single; Do not possess self-regulating ability with the variation of parameters; The cooling capacity of cooling tower is superfluous throughout the year, and the annual electric energy that is used to drive water pump and blower fan in a large number that consumes has the very big energy saving space.
Solar energy has advantages such as inexhaustible, nexhaustible, is desirable regenerative resource.Simple in structure, the flexible arrangement of solar photovoltaic generation system, the discharging of no chemical pollutant, extensive use can be alleviated the consumption to conventional energy resource, reduces environmental pollution, has broad application prospects.In recent years, along with the lasting decline of solar cell price, the cost of solar energy power generating significantly reduces, and has possessed the condition of large-scale application.The general well-ventilated of application places periphery of cooling tower, no pile stops, thereby a large amount of space residues is arranged.The wallboard of cooling tower sunny slope mount solar panel or around spacious place suit measures to local conditions suitably the to install solar cell of certain power; Send electric energy and drive cooling tower water pump and blower fan running; Then can effectively reduce cooling tower water pump and blower fan on the one hand to the consumption of conventional electric energy, improve the cooling tower user on the other hand soil and utilization of space.
In order to reduce the energy consumption of cooling tower, another feasible method is for pump motor and blower motor outfit frequency converter, and pump motor and blower motor are carried out speed regulating control to cut down the consumption of energy.The way of pump motor being carried out variable frequency regulating speed control mainly contains single closed-loop controls such as constant voltage control and thermostatic control; It mainly is the recirculated cooling water water temperature of gathering the cooling tower delivery port that blower motor is carried out the speed regulating control way, utilizes the cooling tower leaving water temperature as controlled quentity controlled variable, adopts the constant temperature closed-loop control more.But present existing control method all is that pump motor and blower motor are regulated respectively isolatedly; Do not coordinate control each other; Though can realize energy-saving run to a certain extent respectively for water pump and two isolated loads of blower fan; But see from the whole system of cooling tower operation, utilizations that be not fully exerted of the cooling performance of cooling tower, whole cooling tower system is the very big energy saving space in addition.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the invention provides a kind of under the prerequisite that guarantees the cooling tower reliability service, can obtain the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control of obvious energy saving effect.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
The blower fan that the present invention includes solar cell, first motor, the water pump that is connected with first motor output end, second motor and deceleration device, is connected with second motor and deceleration device output, the present invention also comprises mixing current transformer, intelligent controller and the sensor groups that is connected with the solar cell output; The output that mixes current transformer is connected with the input of first motor with second motor and deceleration device; The signal output part of sensor groups is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller; The signal output part of intelligent controller is connected with the signal input part that mixes current transformer, and the signal output part that mixes current transformer simultaneously also is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller.
Above-mentioned mixing current transformer comprises the rectifier that is connected with power frequency supply, the DC converter that is connected with the solar cell output, first inverter, second inverter, first voltage sensor, second voltage sensor and dc bus; The output of rectifier and DC converter is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus respectively; The input of first inverter and second inverter is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus respectively; The positive and negative two ends of first voltage sensor are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus respectively, and the positive and negative two ends of second voltage sensor are connected with the input both positive and negative polarity of DC converter respectively.
The sensor group comprises flowmeter, inflow temperature sensor, leaving water temperature sensor, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor and the air duct wet bulb temperature sensor that is connected with the intelligent controller input respectively.
Above-mentioned flowmeter and inflow temperature sensor all are positioned at the water inlet of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; The leaving water temperature sensor is positioned at the delivery port place of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor and air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor all are positioned at the air-inlet window of cooling tower; Air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor all are positioned at the top of cooling tower air duct.
Above-mentioned intelligent controller adopts and based on the intelligence control method of energy management the supply side rectifier and the DC converter of said mixing current transformer is controlled; Intelligent controller is according to the mode of operation of load side electric quantity consumption situation and supply side electric energy supply situation control mixing current transformer; Regulate the duty of mixing current transformer, specifically comprise following step:
Step (11): first voltage sensor and second voltage sensor are gathered the voltage at dc bus two ends and the output voltage of solar cell respectively, and give intelligent controller with the data of being gathered;
Step (12): intelligent controller judges that whether the output voltage of voltage and solar cell at dc bus two ends is respectively greater than dc bus voltage setting value and solar cell output voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell greater than solar cell output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus two ends then turns to step (13) greater than dc bus voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell greater than solar cell output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus two ends then turns to step (14) less than dc bus voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell less than solar cell output voltage setting value, then turn to step (15);
Step (13): the electric energy of then solar cell being described and being sent meets the requirements, and DC converter is in running order, and the rectifier of supply side and the input of the electric energy of DC converter are greater than the electric energy output of first inverter and second inverter of load side;
The electric energy that solar cell sent is enough to drive simultaneously water pump and blower fan running; Intelligent controller control rectifier works in inverter mode; With the dc inverter of dc bus is to meet the alternating current feed-in electrical network that electrical network requires; Keep the stable of dc bus voltage simultaneously, intelligent controller control this moment mixes current transformer and works in first kind of mode of operation;
Step (14): the electric energy of then solar cell being described and being sent meets the requirements, and DC converter is in running order, and first inverter of load side and the output of the electric energy of second inverter are imported greater than the rectifier of supply side and the electric energy of DC converter;
The electric energy that solar cell sent is not enough to drive simultaneously water pump and blower fan running; Intelligent controller control rectifier works in the rectification pattern; With the AC rectification of power frequency supply is that direct current flows to first inverter and second inverter through dc bus; Increase the input of electric energy gradually, keep the stable of dc bus voltage, intelligent controller control this moment mixes current transformer and works in second kind of mode of operation;
Step (15): the electric energy of then solar cell being described and being sent is undesirable, and DC converter quits work;
Intelligent controller control rectifier works in the rectification pattern; And control what of conventional electric energy input according to the variation of dc bus voltage; Water pump and blower fan are driven by conventional electric energy fully, and intelligent controller control this moment mixes current transformer and works in the third mode of operation.
Intelligent controller adopts the degenerative control method of inflow temperature that first inverter that mixes current transformer is controlled; Intelligent controller is controlled the frequency of first inverter output electric energy according to the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Regulate the duty of water pump, specifically comprise following step:
Step (21): the inflow temperature of the inflow temperature sensor acquisition cooling tower recirculated cooling water of sensor groups, and give intelligent controller with the data of being gathered.
Step (22): intelligent controller judges whether the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value;
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (23);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is lower than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (24);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water fluctuates, then turn to step (25) in the inflow temperature scope of design;
Step (23): explain that then the heat that the thermic load end need distribute increases, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water is carried increases;
The operating frequency that intelligent controller is controlled first inverter and first motor increases; Thereby increase the flow and the lift of water pump; Accelerate the circulation cooling velocity of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and then make the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (24): explain that then the heat that the thermic load end need distribute reduces, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water is carried reduces;
The operating frequency that intelligent controller is controlled first inverter and first motor reduces gradually; Thereby reduce the flow and the lift of water pump; Reduce the circulation cooling velocity of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; The heat of cooling tower recirculated cooling water builds up, and then the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is raise gradually return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (25): the running status that current cooling tower then is described meets the requirements;
Intelligent controller needn't change the operating frequency of first inverter and first motor.
Above-mentioned intelligent controller adopts based on the intelligence control method of minimum enthalpy difference control second inverter that mixes current transformer is controlled; Intelligent controller is confirmed the initial reference amount of the second inverter operating frequency through calculating the required air minimum enthalpy difference of cooling tower operation; Then adopt the degenerative closed-loop control correction error of leaving water temperature, specifically comprise following step:
Step (31): the flowmeter of sensor groups, inflow temperature sensor, leaving water temperature sensor, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor are gathered the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower respectively, and give intelligent controller with the data of being gathered;
Step (32): intelligent controller is according to the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water and the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Calculate total heat; And then, calculate minimum heat exchange rate, air minimum enthalpy difference and advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy and go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy according to total heat-exchange time that cooling tower designed;
Intelligent controller calculates the tower air enthalpy and goes out the tower air enthalpy according to the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower;
Step (33): according to the advancing tower saturation of the air enthalpy, advance the tower air enthalpy, go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy, go out the tower air enthalpy of cooling tower, air minimum enthalpy difference; And can confirm the slope of cooling tower air active line and then the dynamic gas-water ratio of definite cooling tower and cooling tower air quantity according to gas, water exchange equilibrium equation;
Step (34): the cooling tower air quantity that calculates according to the corresponding relation and the step (33) of cooling tower air quantity and rotation speed of fan can finally be confirmed the operating frequency of rotation speed of fan, second inverter operating frequency and second motor and deceleration device;
Step (35): after second inverter operating frequency is confirmed, intelligent controller will utilize the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water to carry out closed-loop control as feedback quantity, further proofread and correct the existing error of second inverter operating frequency.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
(1) the present invention uses electric energy that solar cell the sends main energy sources as blower fan and water pump operation, can reduce the consumption of cooling tower system to conventional electric energy; When electric energy that solar cell sent has when more than needed, electric energy more than needed can be through mixing current transformer feed-in electrical network, makes the electric energy that solar cell sends can unnecessary waste, improved the utilization benefit to solar cell;
(2) the present invention can provide the stable electric energy supply that continues for blower fan and water pump, and does not receive environmental influence such as weather, has reduced the battery homenergic simultaneously to store link, has reduced the cost of system;
(3) the present invention adopts the thermostatic control of cooling tower inflow temperature to water pump; Efficiently operate to the circulation rate that principle is regulated cooling-tower circulating water to keep cooling tower; Thereby reduced the meaningless acting of water pump, practiced thrift in order to drive a large amount of electric energy of water pump operation to recirculated water;
(4) the present invention is to the control method of the enthalpy differences such as control employing of blower fan; Give full play to the not heat exchanger efficiency of the structure member of consumes energy of cooling tower; Reduce the demand of cooling tower, and then blower fan is carried out speed regulating control, thereby realize blower fan energy-saving run under various conditions air quantity; Utilize cooling tower leaving water temperature feedback as the error that produces in the enthalpy difference control procedures such as ring in the control can reduce; Can solve also that the existing input parameter error of independent application leaving water temperature negative-feedback is big, system's fluctuation of service, the frequent problem of speed governing, it is reasonable that Energy Saving Control more becomes;
(5) function expansion of the present invention and design are more flexible; Can the flexible configuration solar cell generate electricity can and the ratio of conventional electric energy; Also can insert other regenerative resources such as wind-power electricity generation or insert other motor loads, realize the Collaborative Control of dynamo-electric machines of many typhoons and pump motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the mixing current transformer of present embodiment.
Each label among the figure: solar cell 1, mix current transformer 2, rectifier 21, DC converter 22, the first inverters 23; Second inverter 24, dc bus 25, the first voltage sensors 26, the second voltage sensors 27, the first motor 3; Water pump 4, the second motor and deceleration device 5, blower fan 6, intelligent controller 7; Sensor groups 8, flowmeter 81, inflow temperature sensor 82, leaving water temperature sensor 83; Air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor 84, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor 85, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor 86, air duct wet bulb temperature sensor 87.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect and be easy to understand and understand, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the mixing current transformer 2, intelligent controller 7 and the sensor groups 8 that the present invention includes solar cell 1, first motor 3, water pump 4, second motor and the deceleration device 5 that is connected with first motor, 3 outputs, the blower fan 6 that is connected with second motor and deceleration device 5 outputs, are connected with solar cell 1 output.
The output that mixes current transformer 2 is connected with the input of first motor 3 with second motor and deceleration device 5; The signal output part of sensor groups 8 is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller 7; The signal output part of intelligent controller 7 is connected with the signal input part that mixes current transformer 2, and the signal output part that mixes current transformer 2 simultaneously also is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller 7.
In the present embodiment, intelligent controller 7 is digital signal processor or other SCM systems.
The mixing current transformer 2 of present embodiment comprises the rectifier 21 that is connected with power frequency supply through three power supply terminals, the DC converter that is connected with solar cell 1 output 22, first inverter 23, second inverter 24, first voltage sensor 26, second voltage sensor 27 and dc bus 25; First voltage sensor 26 is used to measure the voltage at dc bus 25 two ends; Second voltage sensor 27 is used to measure the output voltage of solar cell 1.
The output of rectifier 21 and DC converter 22 is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus 25 respectively; The input of first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus 25 respectively; The positive and negative two ends of first voltage sensor 26 are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus 25 respectively, and the positive and negative two ends of second voltage sensor 27 are connected with the input both positive and negative polarity of DC converter 22 respectively.
The sensor groups 8 of present embodiment comprises flowmeter 81, inflow temperature sensor 82, leaving water temperature sensor 83, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor 84, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor 85, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor 86 and the air duct wet bulb temperature sensor 87 that is connected with intelligent controller 7 inputs respectively.
Mainly comprise to the control of the supply side rectifier 21 that mixes current transformer 2 and DC converter 22 with to the control of load side first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 based on the control content of the solar energy of energy management and Based Intelligent Control cooling tower.
To supply side rectifier 21 that mixes current transformer 2 and the main purpose that DC converter 22 is controlled be: generate electricity ability and power frequency supply of solar cell 1 supplied power and can be carried out energy management; Rationally regulate ratio between the two, guaranteeing provides the stable electric energy supply that continues for water pump 4 and blower fan 6.
Intelligent controller 7 adopts to be controlled the supply side rectifier 21 and the DC converter 22 of said mixing current transformer 2 based on the intelligence control method of energy management; Intelligent controller 7 is according to the mode of operation of load side electric quantity consumption situation and supply side electric energy supply situation control mixing current transformer 2; Regulate the duty of mixing current transformer 2, specifically comprise following step:
(11) first voltage sensors 26 and second voltage sensor 27 are gathered the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends of mixing current transformer 2 respectively
1sOutput voltage V with solar cell 1
2s, and give intelligent controller 7 with the data of being gathered;
(12) intelligent controller 7 is judged V
1sAnd V
2sWhether respectively greater than dc bus 25 voltage setting values and solar cell 1 output voltage setting value;
Dc bus 25 voltage setting values and solar cell 1 output voltage setting value are respectively: V
10+ Δ V
1And V
20+ Δ V
2, V wherein
10Be the design load of dc bus 25 voltage, Δ V
1Be the voltage deviation that respective design allowed, V
20Be the design load of DC converter 22 input terminal voltages, Δ V
2Be the voltage deviation that respective design allowed;
Output voltage V when solar cell 1
2sGreater than solar cell 1 output voltage setting value V
20+ Δ V
2, and the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends
1sGreater than dc bus 25 voltage setting value V
10+ Δ V
1, then turn to step (13);
Output voltage V when solar cell 1
2sGreater than solar cell 1 output voltage setting value V
20+ Δ V
2, and the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends
1sLess than dc bus 25 voltage setting value V
10+ Δ V
1, then turn to step (14);
Output voltage V when solar cell 1
2sLess than solar cell 1 output voltage setting value V
20+ Δ V
2, then turn to step (15);
Step (13): explain that then the electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent meets the requirements; DC converter 22 is in running order, and the electric energy input of the rectifier 21 of supply side and DC converter 22 is greater than the electric energy output of first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 of load side;
The electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent is enough to drive simultaneously water pump 4 and blower fan 6 runnings and has more than needed; System does not expend conventional electric energy; Intelligent controller 7 control rectifiers 21 work in inverter mode; With the dc inverter of dc bus 25 is to meet the alternating current feed-in electrical network that electrical network requires, and keeps the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends simultaneously
1sBe stabilized in V
10+ Δ V
1And V
10-Δ V
1Between, intelligent controller 7 controls this moment mix current transformer 2 and work in first kind of mode of operation;
Step (14): explain that then the electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent meets the requirements; DC converter 22 is in running order, and first inverter 23 of load side and the output of the electric energy of second inverter 24 are greater than the electric energy input of the rectifier 21 and the DC converter 22 of supply side;
The electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent is not enough to drive simultaneously water pump 4 and blower fan 6 runnings; The rectifier 21 that intelligent controller 7 controls mix current transformer 2 works in the rectification pattern; With the AC rectification of power frequency supply is that direct current flows to first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 through dc bus 25; And the input that increases electric energy gradually, keep the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends
1sBe stabilized in V
10+ Δ V
1And V
10-Δ V
1Between, intelligent controller 7 controls this moment mix current transformer 2 and work in second kind of mode of operation;
Step (15): explain that then the electric energy that solar cell 1 sent is undesirable, DC converter 22 quits work;
The rectifier 21 that intelligent controller 7 control mixes current transformers 2 works in the rectification pattern and according to dc bus 25 voltage V
1sVariation control what of conventional electric energy input, water pump 4 is driven by conventional electric energy with blower fan 6 fully, intelligent controller 7 controls this moment mix current transformers 2 and work in the third mode of operation;
More than can make solar cell 1 always work in high efficiency operating point based on the control method of energy management; Bring into play the generating capacity of solar cell 1 to greatest extent; The electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent obtains utilizing fully, also can guarantee reliability of system operation simultaneously.
7 pairs of DC converters 22 of intelligent controller are controlled to realize that the lower and unsettled direct current energy of amplitude of the voltage that solar cell 1 is sent is transformed to the direct current energy of the higher and amplitude stability of voltage; Flow to first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 through dc bus 25; Simultaneously the maximum power point of solar cell 1 is followed the tracks of, made solar cell 1 with higher efficient generating.
The control of load side first inverter 23 that mixes current transformer 2 and second inverter 24 is mainly used in first motor 3 and second motor and deceleration device 5 are carried out speed regulating control; On the basis that the cooling tower running status is analyzed; Principle so that the integral body power consumption is minimum is carried out Collaborative Control to water pump 4 and blower fan 6, thereby realizes the energy-saving run of water pump 4 and blower fan 6.
Intelligent controller 7 adopts the degenerative control method of inflow temperature that first inverter 23 that mixes current transformer 2 is controlled; Intelligent controller 7 is controlled the frequency of first inverter, 23 output electric energy according to the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Regulate the duty of water pump 4, specifically comprise following step:
Step (21): the inflow temperature sensor 82 of sensor groups 8 is gathered the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1s, and give intelligent controller 7 with the data of being gathered.
Step (22): intelligent controller 7 is judged the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sWhether be higher than inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1
Inflow temperature t when the cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sBe higher than inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1, then turn to step (23);
Inflow temperature t when the cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sBe lower than inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1, then turn to step (24);
Near the scope t that the inflow temperature setting value, allows as the inflow temperature t1s of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
10+ Δ t
1And t
10-Δ t
1Between the fluctuation, then turn to step (25);
Step (23): explain that then the heat that the thermic load end need distribute increases, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water is carried increases;
The operating frequency of intelligent controller 7 control first inverters 23 and first motor 3 increases, thereby increases the flow and the lift of water pump 4, accelerates the circulation cooling velocity of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and then makes the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sReturn to inflow temperature setting value setting value t
10+ Δ t
1And t
10-Δ t
1Between;
Step (24): explain that then the heat that the thermic load end need distribute reduces, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water is carried reduces;
The operating frequency of intelligent controller 7 control first inverters 23 and first motor 3 reduces gradually; Thereby reduce the flow and the lift of water pump 4; Reduce the circulation cooling velocity of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; The heat of cooling tower recirculated cooling water builds up, and then the inflow temperature t1s of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is raise gradually return to inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1And t
10-Δ t
1Between;
Step (25): the running status that current cooling tower then is described meets the requirements;
Intelligent controller 7 needn't change the operating frequency of first inverter 23 and first motor 3.
Because the power output of water pump 4 is directly proportional with the cube of water pump 4 operating frequencies; So the useful work that the operating frequency that reduces water pump 4 can make 3 pairs of cooling waters of first motor do declines to a great extent; Although water pump 4 and first motor 3 efficient under the condition of underfrequency can decrease, still can make the water pump 4 and first motor 3 practice thrift a large amount of electric energy on the whole.Utilize the inflow temperature t of cooling tower
1sAs controlled quentity controlled variable water pump 4 is carried out speed regulating control; Heat-dissipating space and the area of dissipation of cooling tower filler under the cooling tower specific discharge have also been increased; Help giving full play to the heat dispersion of cooling tower fixed part; Reduction is to the demand of air quantity, thereby helps realizing the energy-saving run of blower fan 6, realizes optimum energy-saving effect.In addition, also can effectively prevent the icing phenomenon of recirculated cooling water in winter severe cold areas such as northern China.
In the present embodiment; Intelligent controller 7 adopts based on the intelligence control method of minimum enthalpy difference control second inverter 24 that mixes current transformer 2 is controlled; Intelligent controller 7 is confirmed the initial reference amount of second inverter, 24 operating frequencies through calculating the required air minimum enthalpy difference of cooling tower operation; (main thought is through making full use of unit mass absorption of air heat then to adopt the degenerative closed-loop control correction error of leaving water temperature; Reduce cooling tower demand and dynamically control of realization to air quantity when operate as normal as far as possible, thereby can reduce the power of blower fan 6 motors, realize energy-conservation.Concrete each CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS step is existing knowledge and technology in step (31)～step (35), has been widely used in the middle of the design of cooling tower), specifically comprise following step:
Step (31): the flowmeter 81 of sensor groups 8, inflow temperature sensor 82, leaving water temperature sensor 83, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor 84, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor 85, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor 86 and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor 87 are gathered the flow Q of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water respectively
1s, the cooling tower recirculated cooling water leaving water temperature t
2s, cooling tower air inlet dry-bulb temperature θ
1, cooling tower air inlet wet-bulb temperature τ
1, cooling tower air duct dry-bulb temperature θ
2Air duct wet-bulb temperature τ with cooling tower
2, and give intelligent controller 7 with the data of being gathered;
Step (32): intelligent controller 7 is according to the flow Q of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sLeaving water temperature t with the cooling tower recirculated cooling water
2s, can calculate total heat, and then, calculate minimum heat exchange rate, the air minimum enthalpy difference that needs and advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy i according to the known total heat-exchange time of cooling tower
1' and go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy i
2';
Intelligent controller 7 is according to the air inlet dry-bulb temperature θ of cooling tower
1, cooling tower air inlet wet-bulb temperature τ
1, cooling tower air duct dry-bulb temperature θ
2Air duct wet-bulb temperature τ with cooling tower
2, can calculate into tower air enthalpy i
1With go out tower air enthalpy i
2
Step (33): advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy i according to cooling tower
1', advance tower air enthalpy i
1, go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy i
2', go out tower air enthalpy i
2, air minimum enthalpy difference, and, can confirm the slope of cooling tower air active line, and then the dynamic gas-water ratio λ of definite cooling tower work and air quantity G according to gas, water exchange equilibrium equation (gas, water exchange equilibrium equation are common practise);
Step (34):, can finally confirm the operating frequency of blower fan 6 rotating speeds, second inverter 24 and second motor and deceleration device 5 according to the cooling tower air quantity that the corresponding relation and the step (33) of cooling tower air quantity and blower fan 6 rotating speeds calculates;
Step (35): after second inverter 24 is confirmed the operating frequency of output voltage, intelligent controller 7 will utilize the leaving water temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
2sCarry out closed-loop control as feedback quantity, further proofread and correct the existing error of operating frequency of second inverter 24.
The variation of cooling tower recirculated cooling water and cooling air enthalpy has decisive action to the cooling effect of cooling tower.Enthalpy difference Δ i between the two is big, and then the cooling motive force of cooling tower is big more, and heat exchange effect is good more, needs bigger air quantity simultaneously but keep bigger enthalpy difference Δ i, need expend the mass energy that drives blower fan 6.If enthalpy difference Δ i between the two is little, then the cooling motive force of cooling tower is more little, and heat exchange effect descends, and needs less air quantity simultaneously, expends the less energy.Control method of the present invention is confirmed the minimum heat exchange rate and the minimum enthalpy difference Δ i of cooling tower according to the cooling tower housing structure; And in the process of recirculated water cooling, keep enthalpy difference constant; To give full play to the heat exchange property of non-power consumption parts such as cooling tower filler; Realization makes full use of cooling tower heat-dissipating space and filler area of dissipation, thereby when guaranteeing the cooling tower cooling effect, energy savings farthest.
The solar energy cooling tower that the present invention is based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control with solar cell 1 electric energy that sent as preferential power; Drive water pump 4 and blower fan 6 runnings with conventional electric energy as auxiliary power, two kinds of electric energy flow to first motor 3 and second motor and deceleration device 5 through mixing current transformer 2.
Mixing current transformer 2 is a transformation of electrical energy equipment; Be mainly used in the in addition conversion and then drive first motor 3 and second motor and deceleration device 5 of electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent and conventional electric energy, and first motor 3 and second motor and deceleration device 5 are realized speed regulating control.
Rectifier 21 is used for the electric energy conversion between power frequency supply and the dc bus 25; When the needs power frequency supply is supplied power; Rectifier 21 works in the rectification pattern, is that direct current flows to first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 through dc bus 25 with the AC rectification of power frequency supply; Have when more than needed when 1 in solar cell sends electric energy, rectifier 21 works in inverter mode, and the alternating current that will be power frequency from the electric energy inversion more than needed of dc bus 25 flows to power frequency supply.
Lower and the unsettled transformation of electrical energy of the voltage that DC converter 22 is used for solar cell 1 is sent is the higher and stable electric energy of voltage; Flow to first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 through dc bus 25; Simultaneously the maximum power point of solar cell 1 is followed the tracks of, made solar cell 1 with higher efficient generating.
First inverter 23 will be an alternating current from the dc inverter of dc bus 25, drive 3 runnings of first motor, through the frequency of regulating the output AC electricity first motor 3 carried out speed regulating control simultaneously.
Second inverter 24 will be an alternating current from the dc inverter of dc bus 25, drive second motor and deceleration device 5 runnings, through the frequency of regulating the output AC electricity second motor and deceleration device 5 carried out speed regulating control simultaneously.
First voltage sensor 26 is used to measure the voltage at dc bus 25 two ends, and second voltage sensor 27 is used to measure the output voltage of solar cell 1.
Mix current transformer 2 and mainly contain three kinds of mode of operations.First kind of mode of operation: the electric energy that is sent when solar cell 1 is enough to drive simultaneously first motor 3 and second motor and deceleration device 5 runnings and has when more than needed; Rectifier 21 works in inverter mode; The part more than needed that 1 in solar cell is sent electric energy is transformed to and meets the alternating current that electrical network requires, then the feed-in electrical network; Second kind of mode of operation: when the electric energy that is sent when solar cell 1 is not enough to drive simultaneously first motor 3 and second motor and deceleration device 5 runnings; Rectifier 21 works in the rectification pattern; The alternating current of power frequency supply is carried out rectifying conversion, and power frequency supply and solar cell 1 are the power supply of water pump 4 motors and blower fan 6 motors through mixing current transformer 2 jointly; The third mode of operation: when solar energy does not send electric energy; Rectifier 21 works in the rectification pattern; The alternating current of power frequency supply is separately first motor 3 and second motor and deceleration device 5 power supplies after mixing current transformer 2 conversion; The DC converter 22 that mix current transformer 2 this moment quits work, and stops electric energy to flow to solar cell 1 by dc bus 25.Because fewer when the electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent can drive first motor 3 and second motor just, the rectifier 21 that mixes in the current transformer 2 seldom quits work, and therefore mixes current transformer 2 basically with above three mode of operation work.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.The present invention requires protection domain to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. the solar energy based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control cools off tower; Comprise solar cell (1), first motor (3), the water pump (4), second motor and the deceleration device (5) that are connected with first motor (3) output, the blower fan (6) that is connected with second motor and deceleration device (5) output; It is characterized in that, also comprise the mixing current transformer (2), intelligent controller (7) and the sensor groups (8) that are connected with solar cell (1) output;
The output of said mixing current transformer (2) is connected with the input of first motor (3) with second motor and deceleration device (5); The signal output part of said sensor groups (8) is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller (7); The signal output part of said intelligent controller (7) is connected with the signal input part that mixes current transformer (2), and the signal output part of said mixing current transformer (2) also is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller (7) simultaneously.
2. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Said mixing current transformer (2) comprises the rectifier (21) that is connected with power frequency supply, the DC converter (22), first inverter (23), second inverter (24), first voltage sensor (26), second voltage sensor (27) and the dc bus (25) that are connected with solar cell (1) output;
The output of said rectifier (21) and DC converter (22) is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus (25) respectively; The input of said first inverter (23) and second inverter (24) is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus (25) respectively; The positive and negative two ends of said first voltage sensor (26) are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus (25) respectively, and the positive and negative two ends of said second voltage sensor (27) are connected with the input both positive and negative polarity of DC converter (22) respectively.
3. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Said sensor groups (8) comprises flowmeter (81), inflow temperature sensor (82), leaving water temperature sensor (83), air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor (84), air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor (85), air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor (86) and the air duct wet bulb temperature sensor (87) that is connected with intelligent controller (7) input respectively.
4. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
Said flowmeter (81) and inflow temperature sensor (82) all are positioned at the water inlet of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Said leaving water temperature sensor (83) is positioned at the delivery port place of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Said air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor (84) and air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor (85) all are positioned at the air-inlet window of cooling tower; Said air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor (86) and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor (87) all are positioned at the top of cooling tower air duct.
5. according to any described solar energy cooling tower of claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control,
Said intelligent controller (7) adopts and based on the intelligence control method of energy management the supply side rectifier (21) and the DC converter (22) of said mixing current transformer (2) is controlled; Intelligent controller (7) is according to the mode of operation of load side electric quantity consumption situation and supply side electric energy supply situation control mixing current transformer (2); Regulate the duty of mixing current transformer (2), specifically comprise following step:
Step (11): first voltage sensor (26) and second voltage sensor (27) are gathered the voltage at dc bus (25) two ends and the output voltage of solar cell (1) respectively, and give intelligent controller (7) with the data of being gathered;
Step (12): intelligent controller (7) judges that whether the output voltage of voltage and solar cell (1) at dc bus (25) two ends is respectively greater than dc bus (25) voltage setting value and solar cell (1) output voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell (1) greater than solar cell (1) output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus (25) two ends then turns to step (13) greater than dc bus (25) voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell (1) greater than solar cell (1) output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus (25) two ends then turns to step (14) less than dc bus (25) voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell (1) less than solar cell (1) output voltage setting value, then turn to step (15);
Step (13): intelligent controller (7) control rectifier (21) works in inverter mode, is to meet the alternating current feed-in electrical network that electrical network requires with the dc inverter of dc bus (25), keeps the stable of dc bus (25) voltage simultaneously;
Step (14): intelligent controller (7) control rectifier (21) works in the rectification pattern; With the AC rectification of power frequency supply is that direct current flows to first inverter (23) and second inverter (24) through dc bus (25); Increase the input of electric energy gradually, keep the stable of dc bus (25) voltage;
Step (15): intelligent controller (7) control rectifier (21) works in the rectification pattern, and controls what of conventional electric energy input according to the variation of dc bus (25) voltage, and water pump (4) and blower fan (6) are fully by conventional electric energy driving.
6. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
Said intelligent controller (7) adopts the degenerative control method of inflow temperature that first inverter (23) that mixes current transformer (2) is controlled; Intelligent controller (7) is controlled the frequency of first inverter (23) output electric energy according to the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Regulate the duty of water pump (4), specifically comprise following step:
Step (21): the inflow temperature sensor (82) of sensor groups (8) is gathered the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and gives intelligent controller (7) with the data of being gathered.
Step (22): intelligent controller (7) judges whether the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value;
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (23);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is lower than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (24);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water fluctuates, then turn to step (25) in the inflow temperature scope of design;
Step (23): the operating frequency of intelligent controller (7) control first inverter (23) and first motor (3) increases; Thereby increase the flow and the lift of water pump (4); Accelerate the circulation cooling velocity of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and then make the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (24): the operating frequency of intelligent controller (7) control first inverter (23) and first motor (3) reduces gradually; Thereby reduce the flow and the lift of water pump (4); Reduce the circulation cooling velocity of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; The heat of cooling tower recirculated cooling water builds up, and then the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is raise gradually return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (25): intelligent controller (7) needn't change the operating frequency of first inverter (23) and first motor (3).
7. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 4 is characterized in that,
Said intelligent controller (7) adopts based on the intelligence control method of minimum enthalpy difference control second inverter (24) that mixes current transformer (2) is controlled; Intelligent controller (7) is confirmed the initial reference amount of second inverter (24) operating frequency through calculating the required air minimum enthalpy difference of cooling tower operation; Then adopt the degenerative closed-loop control correction error of leaving water temperature, specifically comprise following step:
Step (31): the flowmeter (81) of sensor groups (8), inflow temperature sensor (82), leaving water temperature sensor (83), air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor (84), air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor (85), air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor (86) and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor (87) are gathered the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower respectively, and give intelligent controller (7) with the data of being gathered;
Step (32): intelligent controller (7) is according to the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water and the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Calculate total heat; And then, calculate minimum heat exchange rate, air minimum enthalpy difference and advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy and go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy according to total heat-exchange time that cooling tower designed;
Said intelligent controller (7) calculates the tower air enthalpy and goes out the tower air enthalpy according to the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower;
Step (33): according to the advancing tower saturation of the air enthalpy, advance the tower air enthalpy, go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy, go out the tower air enthalpy of said cooling tower, air minimum enthalpy difference; And can confirm the slope of cooling tower air active line and then the dynamic gas-water ratio of definite cooling tower and cooling tower air quantity according to gas, water exchange equilibrium equation;
Step (34): can finally confirm the operating frequency of blower fan (6) rotating speed, second inverter (24) and the operating frequency of second motor and deceleration device (5) according to the corresponding relation of cooling tower air quantity and blower fan (6) rotating speed and the cooling tower air quantity that step (33) calculates;
Step (35): after the operating frequency of second inverter (24) is confirmed; Intelligent controller (7) will utilize the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water to carry out closed-loop control as feedback quantity, further proofread and correct the existing error of operating frequency of second inverter (24).
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