CN102401608B - Energy management and intelligent control-based solar cooling tower - Google Patents
Energy management and intelligent control-based solar cooling tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN102401608B CN102401608B CN 201110390330 CN201110390330A CN102401608B CN 102401608 B CN102401608 B CN 102401608B CN 201110390330 CN201110390330 CN 201110390330 CN 201110390330 A CN201110390330 A CN 201110390330A CN 102401608 B CN102401608 B CN 102401608B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy management and intelligent control-based solar cooling tower, which comprises a solar battery, a first motor, a water pump, a second motor and speed reducer, a fan, a hybrid converter connected with the output end of the solar battery, an intelligent controller, and a sensor group; the output end of the hybrid converter is connected with the input ends of the first motor and the second motor and speed reducer; the signal output end of the sensor group is connected with the signal input end of the intelligent controller; the output end of the intelligent controller is connected with the signal input end of the hybrid converter; and the signal output end of the hybrid converter is connected with the signal input end of the intelligent controller. In the control process, the intelligent controller reasonably distributes the flowing direction of the electric energy through the hybrid converter by an energy management method, and performs intelligent speed regulating control on the first motor and the second motor and speed reducer by a water inlet temperature negative feedback method and a minimum enthalpy difference control method, and an energy-saving effect is achieved on the premise of ensuring operating reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cooling tower, be specifically related to a kind of solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control.
Background technology
Cooling tower is to use very general water resource recycling device, and its major function is that cooling water and the air that will contain used heat carry out heat exchange in tower, makes water temperature be down to the temperature of requirement, in order to again circulate.At present, the water pump that supplies water for cooling tower and the blower fan of cooling tower are by Motor Drive, its automatic control level is lower, the duty of cooling tower is single, do not possess the ability of automatically regulating with the variation of parameters, the cooling capacity of cooling tower is throughout the year superfluous, and the annual electric energy that are used for driving in a large number water pump and blower fan that consume have the very large energy saving space.
Solar energy has the advantages such as inexhaustible, nexhaustible, is desirable regenerative resource.Simple in structure, the flexible arrangement of solar photovoltaic generation system, without the chemical pollutant discharging, extensive use can be alleviated the consumption to conventional energy resource, environmental contamination reduction has broad application prospects.In recent years, along with the continuous decrease of solar cell price, the cost of solar energy power generating significantly reduces, and has possessed the condition of large-scale application.The general well-ventilated of application places periphery of cooling tower stops without pile, thereby a large amount of Spatial Residuals is arranged.The wallboard of cooling tower sunny slope mount solar panel or around spacious place suit measures to local conditions suitably the to install solar cell of certain power, send electric energy and drive cooling tower water pump and blower fan running, then can effectively reduce on the one hand cooling tower water pump and blower fan to the consumption of conventional electric energy, improve on the other hand the utilization rate of cooling tower user to soil and space.
In order to reduce the energy consumption of cooling tower, another feasible method is to be pump motor and blower motor outfit frequency converter, and pump motor and blower motor are carried out speed regulating control to reduce energy consumption.The way of pump motor being carried out variable frequency regulating speed control mainly contains single closed-loop controls such as constant voltage control and thermostatic control; It mainly is the recirculated cooling water water temperature that gathers the cooling tower delivery port that blower motor is carried out the speed regulating control way, utilizes the cooling tower leaving water temperature as controlled quentity controlled variable, adopts the constant temperature closed-loop control more.But present existing control method all is that pump motor and blower motor are regulated respectively isolatedly, do not coordinate each other control, although can realize respectively to a certain extent energy-saving run for water pump and two isolated loads of blower fan, but the whole system from the cooling tower operation, the utilization that is not fully exerted of the cooling performance of cooling tower, whole cooling tower systems also has the very large energy saving space.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the invention provides under a kind of prerequisite guaranteeing the cooling tower reliability service, can obtain the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control of obvious energy saving effect.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
The blower fan that the present invention includes solar cell, the first motor, the water pump that is connected with the first motor output end, the second motor and deceleration device, is connected with the second motor and deceleration device output, the present invention also comprises mixing current transformer, intelligent controller and the sensor group that is connected with the solar cell output; The output that mixes current transformer is connected with the input of the first motor with the second motor and deceleration device; The signal output part of sensor group is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller; The signal output part of intelligent controller is connected with the signal input part that mixes current transformer, and the signal output part that mixes simultaneously current transformer also is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller.
Above-mentioned mixing current transformer comprises the rectifier that is connected with power frequency supply, the DC converter that is connected with the solar cell output, the first inverter, the second inverter, the first voltage sensor, second voltage sensor and dc bus; Rectifier is connected output and is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus respectively with DC converter; The first inverter be connected the input of inverter and be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus respectively; The positive and negative two ends of the first voltage sensor are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus respectively, and the positive and negative two ends of second voltage sensor are connected with the input both positive and negative polarity of DC converter respectively.
The sensor group comprises flowmeter, inflow temperature sensor, leaving water temperature sensor, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor and the air duct wet bulb temperature sensor that is connected with the intelligent controller input respectively.
Above-mentioned flowmeter and inflow temperature sensor all are positioned at the water inlet of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; The leaving water temperature sensor is positioned at the water outlet of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor and air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor all are positioned at the air-inlet window of cooling tower; Air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor all are positioned at the top of cooling tower air duct.
Above-mentioned intelligent controller adopts and based on the intelligence control method of energy management supply side rectifier and the DC converter of described mixing current transformer is controlled, intelligent controller is according to the mode of operation of load side electric quantity consumption situation and supply side electric power supply situation control mixing current transformer, regulate the duty of mixing current transformer, specifically comprise following step:
Step (11): the first voltage sensor and second voltage sensor gather respectively the voltage at dc bus two ends and the output voltage of solar cell, and give intelligent controller with the data that gather;
Step (12): intelligent controller judges whether the voltage at dc bus two ends and the output voltage of solar cell set value greater than dc bus both end voltage setting value and solar cell output voltage respectively;
When the output voltage of solar cell greater than solar cell output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus two ends then turns to step (13) greater than dc bus both end voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell greater than solar cell output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus two ends then turns to step (14) less than dc bus both end voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell less than solar cell output voltage setting value, then turn to step (15);
Step (13): illustrate that then the electric energy that solar cell sends meets the requirements, DC converter is in running order, and the rectifier of supply side and the input of the electric energy of DC converter are greater than the electric energy output of the first inverter and second inverter of load side;
The electric energy that solar cell sends is enough to drive simultaneously water pump and blower fan running, intelligent controller control rectifier works in inverter mode, be to meet the alternating current feed-in electrical network that electrical network requires with the dc inverter of dc bus, keep simultaneously the stable of dc bus both end voltage, intelligent controller control this moment mixes current transformer and works in the first mode of operation;
Step (14): illustrate that then the electric energy that solar cell sends meets the requirements, DC converter is in running order, and the first inverter of load side and the output of the electric energy of the second inverter are greater than the electric energy input of rectifier and the DC converter of supply side;
The electric energy that solar cell sends is not enough to drive simultaneously water pump and blower fan running, intelligent controller control rectifier works in the rectification pattern, be that direct current flows to the first inverter and the second inverter through dc bus with the AC rectification of power frequency supply, increase gradually the input of electric energy, keep the stable of dc bus both end voltage, intelligent controller control this moment mixes current transformer and works in the second mode of operation;
Step (15): illustrate that then the electric energy that solar cell sends is undesirable, DC converter quits work;
Intelligent controller control rectifier works in the rectification pattern, and control what of conventional electric energy input according to the variation of dc bus both end voltage, water pump and blower fan are driven by conventional electric energy fully, and intelligent controller control this moment mixes current transformer and works in the third mode of operation.
Intelligent controller adopts the degenerative control method of inflow temperature that the first inverter that mixes current transformer is controlled, intelligent controller is controlled the frequency of the first inverter output electric energy according to the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, regulate the duty of water pump, specifically comprise following step:
Step (21): the inflow temperature sensor of sensor group gathers the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and gives intelligent controller with the data that gather.
Step (22): intelligent controller judges whether the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value;
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (23);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is lower than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (24);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water fluctuates, then turn to step (25) in the inflow temperature scope of design;
Step (23): illustrate that then the heat that the thermic load end need to distribute increases, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water carries increases;
The operating frequency that intelligent controller is controlled the first inverter and the first motor increases, thereby increase flow and the lift of water pump, accelerate the circulating cooling speed of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and then make the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (24): illustrate that then the heat that the thermic load end need to distribute reduces, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water carries reduces;
The operating frequency that intelligent controller is controlled the first inverter and the first motor reduces gradually, thereby reduce flow and the lift of water pump, reduce the circulating cooling speed of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the heat of cooling tower recirculated cooling water builds up, and then the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is raise gradually return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (25): the running status that current cooling tower then is described meets the requirements;
Intelligent controller needn't change the operating frequency of the first inverter and the first motor.
Above-mentioned intelligent controller adopts based on the intelligence control method of minimum enthalpy difference control the second inverter that mixes current transformer is controlled, intelligent controller is determined the initial reference amount of the second inverter operating frequency by calculating the required air minimum enthalpy difference of cooling tower operation, then adopt the degenerative closed-loop control correction error of leaving water temperature, specifically comprise following step:
Step (31): the flowmeter of sensor group, the inflow temperature sensor, the leaving water temperature sensor, the air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor, the air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor gather respectively the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, and give intelligent controller with the data that gather;
Step (32): intelligent controller is according to the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water and the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, calculate total heat exchange amount, and then according to the designed total heat-exchange time of cooling tower, calculate minimum heat exchange rate, air minimum enthalpy difference and advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy and go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy;
Intelligent controller calculates the tower air enthalpy and goes out the tower air enthalpy according to the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower;
Step (33): according to the advancing tower saturation of the air enthalpy, advance the tower air enthalpy, go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy, go out the tower air enthalpy of cooling tower, air minimum enthalpy difference, and can determine the slope of cooling tower air active line and then dynamic gas-water ratio and the air volume cooling tower of definite cooling tower according to gas, water exchange equilibrium equation;
Step (34): can finally determine the operating frequency of rotation speed of fan, the second inverter and the operating frequency of the second motor and deceleration device according to the air volume cooling tower that corresponding relation and the step (33) of air volume cooling tower and rotation speed of fan calculates;
Step (35): after the operating frequency of the second inverter is determined, intelligent controller will utilize the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water to carry out closed-loop control as feedback quantity, further proofread and correct the existing error of operating frequency of the second inverter.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the present invention uses electric energy that solar cell sends as the main energy sources of blower and water pump operation, can reduce cooling tower systems to the consumption of conventional electric energy; The electric energy that sends when solar cell has when more than needed, and electric energy more than needed can be by mixing current transformer feed-in electrical network, makes the electric energy that solar cell sends can unnecessary waste, has improved the utilization benefit to solar cell;
(2) the present invention can provide the stable electric power supply that continues for blower and water pump, and is not subjected to the environmental influence such as weather, has reduced simultaneously the battery homenergic to store link, has reduced the cost of system;
(3) the present invention adopts the thermostatic control of cooling tower inflow temperature to water pump, efficiently operate to the circulation rate that principle is regulated cooling-tower circulating water to keep cooling tower, thereby reduced the meaningless acting of water pump to recirculated water, saved in order to drive a large amount of electric energy of water pump operation;
(4) the present invention is to the control method of the enthalpy differences such as control employing of blower fan, give full play to the heat exchanger efficiency that cooling tower does not consume the structure member of the energy, reduce cooling tower to the demand of air quantity, and then blower fan is carried out speed regulating control, thereby realize blower fan energy-saving run under various conditions; Utilize cooling tower leaving water temperature feedback as the error that produces in the enthalpy difference control procedures such as ring in the control can reduce, can solve also that the existing input parameter error of independent application leaving water temperature negative-feedback is large, system's fluctuation of service, speed governing problem frequently, Energy Saving Control is more rational;
(5) Function Extension of the present invention and design comparison are flexible, can the flexible configuration solar cell generate electricity can and the ratio of conventional electric energy, also can access other regenerative resources such as wind-power electricity generation or access other motor loads, realize the Collaborative Control of many Fans motor and pump motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the mixing current transformer of present embodiment.
Each label among the figure: solar cell 1, mix current transformer 2, rectifier 21, DC converter 22, the first inverters 23, the second inverters 24, dc bus 25, the first voltage sensor 26, second voltage sensor 27, the first motor 3, water pump 4, the second motor and deceleration device 5, blower fan 6, intelligent controller 7, sensor group 8, flowmeter 81, inflow temperature sensor 82, leaving water temperature sensor 83, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor 84, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor 85, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor 86, air duct wet bulb temperature sensor 87.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the mixing current transformer 2, intelligent controller 7 and the sensor group 8 that the present invention includes solar cell 1, the first motor 3, the water pump 4, the second motor and the deceleration device 5 that are connected with the first motor 3 outputs, the blower fan 6 that is connected with the second motor and deceleration device 5 outputs, are connected with solar cell 1 output.
The output that mixes current transformer 2 is connected with the input of the first motor 3 with the second motor and deceleration device 5; The signal output part of sensor group 8 is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller 7; The signal output part of intelligent controller 7 is connected with the signal input part that mixes current transformer 2, and the signal output part that mixes simultaneously current transformer 2 also is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller 7.
In the present embodiment, intelligent controller 7 is digital signal processor or other SCM systems.
The mixing current transformer 2 of present embodiment comprises the rectifier 21 that is connected with power frequency supply by three power supply terminals, the DC converter 22 that is connected with solar cell 1 output, the first inverter 23, the second inverter 24, the first voltage sensor 26, second voltage sensor 27 and dc bus 25; The first voltage sensor 26 is used for measuring the voltage at dc bus 25 two ends; Second voltage sensor 27 is used for measuring the output voltage of solar cell 1.
The output that rectifier 21 is connected with DC converter is connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus 25 respectively; The first inverter 23 be connected the input of inverter 24 and be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus 25 respectively; The positive and negative two ends of the first voltage sensor 26 are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus 25 respectively, and the positive and negative two ends of second voltage sensor 27 are connected with the input both positive and negative polarity of DC converter 22 respectively.
The sensor group 8 of present embodiment comprises flowmeter 81, inflow temperature sensor 82, leaving water temperature sensor 83, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor 84, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor 85, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor 86 and the air duct wet bulb temperature sensor 87 that is connected with intelligent controller 7 inputs respectively.
Mainly comprise to the control of the supply side rectifier 21 that mixes current transformer 2 and DC converter 22 with to the control of load side the first inverter 23 and the second inverter 24 based on the Control the content of the solar energy of energy management and Based Intelligent Control cooling tower.
To the supply side rectifier 21 that mixes current transformer 2 and the main purpose that DC converter 22 is controlled be: generate electricity energy and electric energy that power frequency supply supplies of solar cell 1 carried out energy management, rationally regulate ratio between the two, guaranteeing provides the stable electric power supply that continues for water pump 4 and blower fan 6.
Intelligent controller 7 adopts to be controlled supply side rectifier 21 and the DC converter 22 of described mixing current transformer 2 based on the intelligence control method of energy management, intelligent controller 7 is according to the mode of operation of load side electric quantity consumption situation and supply side electric power supply situation control mixing current transformer 2, regulate the duty of mixing current transformer 2, specifically comprise following step:
(11) first voltage sensors 26 and second voltage sensor 27 gather respectively the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends of mixing current transformer 2
1sOutput voltage V with solar cell 1
2s, and give intelligent controller 7 with the data that gather;
(12) intelligent controller 7 is judged V
1sAnd V
2sWhether set value greater than dc bus 25 both end voltage setting value and solar cell 1 output voltage respectively;
Output voltage V when solar cell 1
2sGreater than solar cell 1 output voltage setting value V
20+ Δ V
2, and the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends
1sGreater than dc bus 25 both end voltage setting value V
10+ Δ V
1, then turn to step (13);
Output voltage V when solar cell 1
2sGreater than solar cell 1 output voltage setting value V
20+ Δ V
2, and the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends
1sLess than dc bus 25 both end voltage setting value V
10+ Δ V
1, then turn to step (14);
Output voltage V when solar cell 1
2sLess than solar cell 1 output voltage setting value V
20+ Δ V
2, then turn to step (15);
Step (13): illustrate that then the electric energy that solar cell 1 sends meets the requirements, DC converter 22 is in running order, and the rectifier 21 of supply side and the input of the electric energy of DC converter 22 are greater than the electric energy output of the first inverter 23 and second inverter 24 of load side;
The electric energy that solar cell 1 sends is enough to drive simultaneously water pump 4 and blower fan 6 runnings and has more than needed, system does not expend conventional electric energy, intelligent controller 7 control rectifiers 21 work in inverter mode, be to meet the alternating current feed-in electrical network that electrical network requires with the dc inverter of dc bus 25, keep simultaneously the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends
1sBe stabilized in V
10+ Δ V
1And V
10-Δ V
1Between, intelligent controller 7 controls this moment mix current transformer 2 and work in the first mode of operation;
Step (14): illustrate that then the electric energy that solar cell 1 sends meets the requirements, DC converter 22 is in running order, and the first inverter 23 of load side and the output of the electric energy of the second inverter 24 are greater than the electric energy input of rectifier 21 and the DC converter 22 of supply side;
The electric energy that solar cell 1 sends is not enough to drive simultaneously water pump 4 and blower fan 6 runnings, the rectifier 21 that intelligent controller 7 controls mix current transformer 2 works in the rectification pattern, be that direct current flows to the first inverter 23 and the second inverter 24 through dc bus 25 with the AC rectification of power frequency supply, and the input that increases gradually electric energy, keep the voltage V at dc bus 25 two ends
1sBe stabilized in V
10+ Δ V
1And V
10-Δ V
1Between, intelligent controller 7 controls this moment mix current transformer 2 and work in the second mode of operation;
Step (15): illustrate that then the electric energy that solar cell 1 sends is undesirable, DC converter 22 quits work;
The rectifier 21 that intelligent controller 7 control mixes current transformers 2 works in the rectification pattern and according to dc bus 25 both end voltage V
1sVariation control what of conventional electric energy input, water pump 4 and blower fan 6 are driven by conventional electric energy fully, intelligent controller 7 controls this moment mix current transformers 2 and work in the third mode of operation;
More than can make solar cell 1 always work in high efficiency operating point based on the control method of energy management, bring into play to greatest extent the generating capacity of solar cell 1, the electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent obtains utilizing fully, also can guarantee system's reliability of operation simultaneously.
7 pairs of DC converters 22 of intelligent controller control to realize that the lower and unsettled direct current energy of amplitude of the voltage that solar cell 1 is sent is transformed to the direct current energy of the higher and amplitude stability of voltage, flow to the first inverter 23 and the second inverter 24 through dc bus 25, simultaneously the maximum power point of solar cell 1 is followed the tracks of, made solar cell 1 with higher efficient generating.
The control of load side the first inverter 23 of mixing current transformer 2 and the second inverter 24 is mainly used in the first motor 3 and the second motor and deceleration device 5 are carried out speed regulating control, on the basis that cooling tower running state is analyzed, with the minimum principle of integral body power consumption water pump 4 and blower fan 6 are carried out Collaborative Control, thereby realize the energy-saving run of water pump 4 and blower fan 6.
Intelligent controller 7 adopts the degenerative control method of inflow temperature that the first inverter 23 that mixes current transformer 2 is controlled, intelligent controller 7 is controlled the frequency of the first inverter 23 output electric energy according to the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, regulate the duty of water pump 4, specifically comprise following step:
Step (21): the inflow temperature sensor 82 of sensor group 8 gathers the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1s, and give intelligent controller 7 with the data that gather.
Step (22): intelligent controller 7 is judged the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sWhether be higher than inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1
Inflow temperature t when the cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sBe higher than inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1, then turn to step (23);
Inflow temperature t when the cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sBe lower than inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1, then turn to step (24);
Scope t when near the inflow temperature t1s of the cooling tower recirculated cooling water permission inflow temperature setting value
10+ Δ t
1And t
10-Δ t
1Between the fluctuation, then turn to step (25);
Step (23): illustrate that then the heat that the thermic load end need to distribute increases, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water carries increases;
The operating frequency of intelligent controller 7 control the first inverters 23 and the first motor 3 increases, thereby increases flow and the lift of water pump 4, accelerates the circulating cooling speed of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and then makes the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sReturn to inflow temperature setting value setting value t
10+ Δ t
1And t
10-Δ t
1Between;
Step (24): illustrate that then the heat that the thermic load end need to distribute reduces, the heat that specific discharge cooling tower recirculated cooling water carries reduces;
The operating frequency of intelligent controller 7 control the first inverters 23 and the first motor 3 reduces gradually, thereby reduce flow and the lift of water pump 4, reduce the circulating cooling speed of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the heat of cooling tower recirculated cooling water builds up, and then the inflow temperature t1s of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is raise gradually return to inflow temperature setting value t
10+ Δ t
1And t
10-Δ t
1Between;
Step (25): the running status that current cooling tower then is described meets the requirements;
Intelligent controller 7 needn't change the operating frequency of the first inverter 23 and the first motor 3.
Because the power output of water pump 4 is directly proportional with the cube of water pump 4 operating frequencies, so the useful work that the operating frequency that reduces water pump 4 can make 3 pairs of cooling waters of the first motor do declines to a great extent, although water pump 4 and the first motor 3 efficient under the condition of underfrequency can decrease, still can make on the whole water pump 4 and the first motor 3 save a large amount of electric energy.Utilize the inflow temperature t of cooling tower
1sAs controlled quentity controlled variable water pump 4 is carried out speed regulating control, heat-dissipating space under the cooling tower specific discharge and the area of dissipation of cooling tower filler have also been increased, be conducive to give full play to the heat dispersion of cooling tower fixed part, reduction is to the demand of air quantity, thereby be conducive to realize the energy-saving run of blower fan 6, realize optimum energy-saving effect.In addition, also can effectively prevent the icing phenomenon of recirculated cooling water in winter severe cold areas such as northern China.
In the present embodiment, intelligent controller 7 adopts based on the intelligence control method of minimum enthalpy difference control the second inverter 24 that mixes current transformer 2 is controlled, intelligent controller 7 is determined the initial reference amount of the second inverter 24 operating frequencies by calculating the required air minimum enthalpy difference of cooling tower operation, (main thought is by taking full advantage of unit mass absorption of air heat then to adopt the degenerative closed-loop control correction error of leaving water temperature, reduce cooling tower demand and dynamically control of realization to air quantity when normal operation as far as possible, thereby can reduce the power of blower fan 6 motors, realize energy-conservation.The calculation procedure of concrete parameters is existing knowledge and technology in step (31)～step (35), has been widely used in the middle of the design of cooling tower), specifically comprise following step:
Step (31): the flowmeter 81 of sensor group 8, inflow temperature sensor 82, leaving water temperature sensor 83, air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor 84, air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor 85, air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor 86 and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor 87 gather respectively the flow Q of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1s, the cooling tower recirculated cooling water leaving water temperature t
2s, cooling tower air inlet dry-bulb temperature θ
1, cooling tower air inlet wet-bulb temperature τ
1, cooling tower air duct dry-bulb temperature θ
2Air duct wet-bulb temperature τ with cooling tower
2, and give intelligent controller 7 with the data that gather;
Step (32): intelligent controller 7 is according to the flow Q of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
1sLeaving water temperature t with the cooling tower recirculated cooling water
2s, can calculate total heat exchange amount, and then according to the known total heat-exchange time of cooling tower, calculate minimum heat exchange rate, the air minimum enthalpy difference that needs and advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy i
1' and go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy i
2';
Intelligent controller 7 is according to the air inlet dry-bulb temperature θ of cooling tower
1, cooling tower air inlet wet-bulb temperature τ
1, cooling tower air duct dry-bulb temperature θ
2Air duct wet-bulb temperature τ with cooling tower
2, can calculate into tower air enthalpy i
1With go out tower air enthalpy i
2
Step (33): advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy i according to cooling tower
1', advance tower air enthalpy i
1, go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy i
2', go out tower air enthalpy i
2, air minimum enthalpy difference, and according to gas, water exchange equilibrium equation (gas, water exchange equilibrium equation are common practise), can determine the slope of cooling tower air active line, and then the dynamic gas-water ratio λ of definite cooling tower work and air quantity G;
Step (34): according to the air volume cooling tower that corresponding relation and the step (33) of air volume cooling tower and blower fan 6 rotating speeds calculates, can finally determine the operating frequency of blower fan 6 rotating speeds, the second inverter 24 and the second motor and deceleration device 5;
Step (35): after the second inverter 24 is determined the operating frequency of output voltage, intelligent controller 7 will utilize the leaving water temperature t of cooling tower recirculated cooling water
2sCarry out closed-loop control as feedback quantity, further proofread and correct the existing error of operating frequency of the second inverter 24.
The variation of cooling tower recirculated cooling water and cooling-air enthalpy has decisive action to the cooling effect of cooling tower.Enthalpy difference Δ i between the two is large, and then the cooling motive force of cooling tower is larger, and heat exchange effect is better, needs simultaneously larger air quantity but keep larger enthalpy difference Δ i, need to expend the mass energy that drives blower fan 6.If enthalpy difference Δ i between the two is little, then the cooling motive force of cooling tower is less, and heat exchange effect descends, and needs simultaneously less air quantity, expends the less energy.Control method of the present invention is determined minimum heat exchange rate and the minimum enthalpy difference Δ i of cooling tower according to cooling tower body structure, and in the process of circulating water, keep enthalpy difference constant, to give full play to the heat exchange property of the non-power consumption parts such as cooling tower filler, realization takes full advantage of cooling tower heat-dissipating space and filler area of dissipation, thereby when guaranteeing the cooling tower cooling effect, energy savings farthest.
The solar energy cooling tower that the present invention is based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control with solar cell 1 electric energy that sent as preferential power, drive water pump 4 and blower fan 6 runnings with conventional electric energy as auxiliary power, two kinds of electric energy flow to the first motor 3 and the second motor and deceleration device 5 by mixing current transformer 2.
Mixing current transformer 2 is a transformation of electrical energy equipment, be mainly used in the in addition conversion and then drive the first motor 3 and the second motor and deceleration device 5 of electric energy that solar cell 1 is sent and conventional electric energy, and the first motor 3 and the second motor and deceleration device 5 are realized speed regulating control.
Lower and the unsettled transformation of electrical energy of voltage that DC converter 22 is used for solar cell 1 is sent is the higher and stable electric energy of voltage, flow to the first inverter 23 and the second inverter 24 through dc bus 25, simultaneously the maximum power point of solar cell 1 is followed the tracks of, made solar cell 1 with higher efficient generating.
The first inverter 23 will be alternating current from the dc inverter of dc bus 25, drive 3 runnings of the first motor, by the frequency of regulation output alternating current the first motor 3 be carried out speed regulating control simultaneously.
The second inverter 24 will be alternating current from the dc inverter of dc bus 25, drive the second motor and deceleration device 5 runnings, by the frequency of regulation output alternating current the second motor and deceleration device 5 be carried out speed regulating control simultaneously.
The first voltage sensor 26 is used for measuring the voltage at dc bus 25 two ends, and second voltage sensor 27 is used for measuring the output voltage of solar cell 1.
Mix current transformer 2 and mainly contain three kinds of mode of operations.The first mode of operation: the electric energy that sends when solar cell 1 is enough to drive simultaneously the first motor 3 and the second motor and deceleration device 5 runnings and has when more than needed, rectifier 21 works in inverter mode, be to meet the alternating current that electrical network requires with the Partial Transformation more than needed of solar cell 1 electric energy that sends, feed-in electrical network then; The second mode of operation: when the electric energy that sends when solar cell 1 is not enough to drive simultaneously the first motor 3 and the second motor and deceleration device 5 running, rectifier 21 works in the rectification pattern, the alternating current of power frequency supply is carried out rectifying conversion, and power frequency supply and solar cell 1 are the power supply of water pump 4 motors and blower fan 6 motors by mixing current transformer 2 jointly; The third mode of operation: when solar energy does not send electric energy, rectifier 21 works in the rectification pattern, the alternating current of power frequency supply is separately the first motor 3 and the second motor and deceleration device 5 power supplies after mixing current transformer 2 conversion, the DC converter 22 that mix current transformer 2 this moment quits work, and stops electric energy to flow to solar cell 1 by dc bus 25.Because fewer when the electric energy that solar cell 1 sends can drive the first motor 3 and the second motor just, the rectifier 21 that mixes in the current transformer 2 seldom quits work, and therefore mixes current transformer 2 substantially with above three mode of operation work.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. the solar energy based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control cools off tower, comprise solar cell (1), the first motor (3), the water pump (4), the second motor and the deceleration device (5) that are connected with the first motor (3) output, the blower fan (6) that is connected with the second motor and deceleration device (5) output, it is characterized in that, also comprise the mixing current transformer (2), intelligent controller (7) and the sensor group (8) that are connected with solar cell (1) output;
The output of described mixing current transformer (2) is connected with the input of the first motor (3) with the second motor and deceleration device (5); The signal output part of described sensor group (8) is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller (7); The signal output part of described intelligent controller (7) is connected with the signal input part that mixes current transformer (2), and the signal output part of described mixing current transformer (2) also is connected with the signal input part of intelligent controller (7) simultaneously;
Described mixing current transformer (2) comprises the rectifier (21) that is connected with power frequency supply, the DC converter (22), the first inverter (23), the second inverter (24), the first voltage sensor (26), second voltage sensor (27) and the dc bus (25) that are connected with solar cell (1) output;
Described rectifier (21) is connected 22 with DC converter) output be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus (25) respectively; Described the first inverter (23) be connected the input of inverter (24) and be connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus (25) respectively; The positive and negative two ends of described the first voltage sensor (26) are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of dc bus (25) respectively, and the positive and negative two ends of described second voltage sensor (27) are connected with the input both positive and negative polarity of DC converter (22) respectively.
2. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described sensor group (8) comprises flowmeter (81), inflow temperature sensor (82), leaving water temperature sensor (83), air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor (84), air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor (85), air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor (86) and the air duct wet bulb temperature sensor (87) that is connected with intelligent controller (7) input respectively.
3. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described flowmeter (81) and inflow temperature sensor (82) all are positioned at the water inlet of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Described leaving water temperature sensor (83) is positioned at the water outlet of cooling tower recirculated cooling water; Described air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor (84) and air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor (85) all are positioned at the air-inlet window of cooling tower; Described air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor (86) and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor (87) all are positioned at the top of cooling tower air duct.
4. according to claim 1 to the described solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control of 3 any one, it is characterized in that,
Described intelligent controller (7) adopts and based on the intelligence control method of energy management supply side rectifier (21) and the DC converter (22) of described mixing current transformer (2) is controlled, intelligent controller (7) is according to the mode of operation of load side electric quantity consumption situation and supply side electric power supply situation control mixing current transformer (2), regulate the duty of mixing current transformer (2), specifically comprise following step:
Step (11): the first voltage sensor (26) and second voltage sensor (27) gather respectively the voltage at dc bus (25) two ends and the output voltage of solar cell (1), and give intelligent controller (7) with the data that gather;
Step (12): intelligent controller (7) judges whether the voltage at dc bus (25) two ends and the output voltage of solar cell (1) set value greater than dc bus (25) both end voltage setting value and solar cell (1) output voltage respectively;
When the output voltage of solar cell (1) greater than solar cell (1) output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus (25) two ends then turns to step (13) greater than dc bus (25) both end voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell (1) greater than solar cell (1) output voltage setting value, and the voltage at dc bus (25) two ends then turns to step (14) less than dc bus (25) both end voltage setting value;
When the output voltage of solar cell (1) less than solar cell (1) output voltage setting value, then turn to step (15);
Step (13): intelligent controller (7) control rectifier (21) works in inverter mode, is to meet the alternating current feed-in electrical network that electrical network requires with the dc inverter of dc bus (25), keeps simultaneously the stable of dc bus (25) both end voltage;
Step (14): intelligent controller (7) control rectifier (21) works in the rectification pattern, be that direct current flows to the first inverter (23) and the second inverter (24) through dc bus (25) with the AC rectification of power frequency supply, increase gradually the input of electric energy, keep the stable of dc bus (25) both end voltage;
Step (15): intelligent controller (7) control rectifier (21) works in the rectification pattern, and controls what of conventional electric energy input according to the variation of dc bus (25) both end voltage, and water pump (4) and blower fan (6) are fully by conventional electric energy driving.
5. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
Described intelligent controller (7) adopts the degenerative control method of inflow temperature that the first inverter (23) that mixes current transformer (2) is controlled, intelligent controller (7) is controlled the frequency of the first inverter (23) output electric energy according to the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, regulate the duty of water pump (4), specifically comprise following step:
Step (21): the inflow temperature sensor (82) of sensor group (8) gathers the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and gives intelligent controller (7) with the data that gather;
Step (22): intelligent controller (7) judges whether the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value;
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is higher than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (23);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is lower than the inflow temperature setting value, then turn to step (24);
When the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water fluctuates, then turn to step (25) in the inflow temperature scope of design;
Step (23): the operating frequency of intelligent controller (7) control the first inverter (23) and the first motor (3) increases, thereby increase flow and the lift of water pump (4), accelerate the circulating cooling speed of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, and then make the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (24): the operating frequency of intelligent controller (7) control the first inverter (23) and the first motor (3) reduces gradually, thereby reduce flow and the lift of water pump (4), reduce the circulating cooling speed of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the heat of cooling tower recirculated cooling water builds up, and then the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water is raise gradually return to the inflow temperature setting value;
Step (25): intelligent controller (7) needn't change the operating frequency of the first inverter (23) and the first motor (3).
6. the solar energy cooling tower based on energy management and Based Intelligent Control according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
Described intelligent controller (7) adopts based on the intelligence control method of minimum enthalpy difference control the second inverter (24) that mixes current transformer (2) is controlled, intelligent controller (7) is determined the initial reference amount of the second inverter (24) operating frequency by calculating the required air minimum enthalpy difference of cooling tower operation, then adopt the degenerative closed-loop control correction error of leaving water temperature, specifically comprise following step:
Step (31): the flowmeter (81) of sensor group (8), inflow temperature sensor (82), leaving water temperature sensor (83), air inlet dry-bulb temperature sensor (84), air inlet wet bulb temperature sensor (85), air duct dry-bulb temperature sensor (86) and air duct wet bulb temperature sensor (87) gather respectively the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, and give intelligent controller (7) with the data that gather;
Step (32): intelligent controller (7) is according to the flow of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, the inflow temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water and the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water, calculate total heat exchange amount, and then according to the designed total heat-exchange time of cooling tower, calculate minimum heat exchange rate, air minimum enthalpy difference and advance tower saturation of the air enthalpy and go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy;
Described intelligent controller (7) calculates the tower air enthalpy and goes out the tower air enthalpy according to the air inlet dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air inlet wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower, the air duct dry-bulb temperature of cooling tower and the air duct wet-bulb temperature of cooling tower;
Step (33): according to the advancing tower saturation of the air enthalpy, advance the tower air enthalpy, go out tower saturation of the air enthalpy, go out the tower air enthalpy of described cooling tower, air minimum enthalpy difference, and can determine the slope of cooling tower air active line and then dynamic gas-water ratio and the air volume cooling tower of definite cooling tower according to gas, water exchange equilibrium equation;
Step (34): can finally determine the operating frequency of blower fan (6) rotating speed, the second inverter (24) and the operating frequency of the second motor and deceleration device (5) according to the corresponding relation of air volume cooling tower and blower fan (6) rotating speed and the air volume cooling tower that step (33) calculates;
Step (35): after the operating frequency of the second inverter (24) is determined, intelligent controller (7) will utilize the leaving water temperature of cooling tower recirculated cooling water to carry out closed-loop control as feedback quantity, further proofread and correct the existing error of operating frequency of the second inverter (24).
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| CN103454924B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏天舒电器有限公司 | A kind of online self diagnosis control method of heat pump water-heating machine and control device thereof |
| IN2013CH04397A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-03 | Abb Oy | |
| CN106150963A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 成都振中电气有限公司 | It is applicable to the photovoltaic water-raising structure drawn water in field |
| CN106194635A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 成都振中电气有限公司 | The solar energy Water raiser of energy-conserving and environment-protective |
| CN106596158B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2019-12-10 | 合肥天时测控技术有限公司 | Enthalpy difference test room of energy recovery type air-conditioning refrigeration equipment |
| CN108036671A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 广州星辰热能股份有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving cooling tower |
| CN111755642B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Phase change heat exchange electrical equipment sealed cabin system for high-altitude area |
| CN111740054B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Power electronic equipment sealed cabin system of directional accuse temperature |
| CN111755644B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Electrical equipment sealed cabin system suitable for high-altitude area |
| CN111762456B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Electrical equipment sealed cabin system with nitrogen gas directional temperature control function |
| CN113872245B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-04-12 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Distributed inversion system and starting method thereof |
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| JPS6226499A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1987-02-04 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Control of fan driving device for water cooling device |
| JP4505436B2 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2010-07-21 | 東洋熱工業株式会社 | Energy-saving operation method for cooling tower group and cooling tower group used therefor |
| CN201490727U (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-05-26 | 中海阳(北京)新能源电力股份有限公司 | Solar electricity generating system |
| CN201803602U (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-04-20 | 上海迪吉特控制系统有限公司 | Solar energy-saving and controlling device for circulating cooling water in thermal power plant |
| CN201795695U (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-04-13 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Integrated energy-saving system for cooling tower on basis of power synthesizer |
| CN201993006U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-28 | 江苏海鸥冷却塔股份有限公司 | Solar ultralow-temperature cooling tower |
| CN202361880U (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-08-01 | 南京大洋冷却塔股份有限公司 | Solar cooling tower on basis of energy management and intelligent control |
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